ôn câu bị động

MỤC ĐÍCH CHUYÊN ĐỀ : - Chuyên đề nhằm để mở rộng thêm kiến thức cho các em về một số cách chuyển sang bị động của các động từ đặc biệt.. Somebody + want/ like/expect + someone to do som

Chuyên đề 4: Passive voice

I MỤC ĐÍCH CHUYÊN ĐỀ :

- Chuyên đề nhằm để mở rộng thêm kiến thức cho các em về một số cách chuyển sang bị động của các động từ đặc biệt Đây là những trường hợp đặc biệt cần lưu ý để giúp các em tránh sai sót trong quá trình làm bài

II KIẾN THỨC CƠ BẢN

1 Somebody + want/ like/expect + someone to do something

Somebody + want /like/expect + something + to be done

Ví dụ:

-The teacher wants us to prepare our lessons carefully

-The teacher wants our lessons to be prepared carefully They expected me

to finish my work early

-they expected my work to be finished early

2 Somebody + agree/arrange/determind/decide + to do something

Somebody + agree/arange/determind/decide + that something + should

be + done

Ví dụ:

She decided to rebuild the house

ÎShe decided that the house should be rebuilt

3 They/it + need(s) + doing

they/ it + need(s) + to be done

Ví dụ:

- The house needs cleaning

- The house needs to be cleaned The chickens need feeding

- The chickens need to be fed

Hai cấu trúc này có thể chuyển đổi lại cho nhau, cả hai cấu trúc này đều mang nghĩa bị động

4 Somebody + think/expect/believe/estimate/say/report + that + someone + do something

- Cách 1: It is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported that someone + do something

- Cách 2: Someone is

thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported to do something

Ví dụ:

- People think he drives dangerously

- It’s thought that he drives dangerously

- He is thought to drive dangerously People think he is a good teacher

- It is thought that he is a good teacher

- He is thought to be a good teacher

5 Somebody + think/expect/believe/estimate/say/report + that + someone + did something

- Cách 1: It is thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported that someone + did something

- Cách 2: Someone is

thought/expected/believed/estimated/said/reported to have + done something

Ví dụ:

People say he was a teacher

It’s said that he was a teacher

He is said to have been a teacher

6 It’s your duty to do something

You are supposed to do something (bổn phận của bạn là….)

Ví dụ:

It’s your duty to lock all the doors

You are supposed to lock all the doors

7 Somebody + see/make/let + someone + do + something

Someone is seen/made + to do something

Someone is let + do something

Ví dụ:

He made me stay outside yesterday

I was made to stay outside yesterday The teacher let us go home early last week Î We were let go home early last week

8 Somebody + have + someone + do something Somebody + get + someone + to do something Î Somebody + have + something + done

Ví dụ:

- He had his waiter carry the luggage home

- He had the luggage carried home by the waiter I got the postman to post the letter for me

- I had the letter posted for me by the postman

9 Don’t do something - something musn’t be done

It’s impossible to do something - something can’t be done

It’s possible to do something - something can be done

Ví dụ:

Don’t touch this switch

This switch musn’t be touched

It is impossible to do this

This can’t be done

10 Somebody + advise/ beg/ urge/ recommand someone to do something

Î Cách 1: someone is advised/ begged/ urged/ recommanded to do

something Î Cách 2: somebody advise/ beg/ urge/ recommand that

something should be done

Ví dụ:

He advised me to sell the car

I was advised to sell the car

He advised that the car should be sold

11 Somebody + agree/ arrange/ determine/ decide/ is deternined/ is anxious +to do something

- Somebody + agree/ arrange/ determine/ decide/ is deternined/ is

anxious + that something should be done

Ví dụ:

She decided to rebuild the house

she decided that the house should be rebuilt

12 Somebody + insist/ advise/ propose/ recommand/ suggest + doing something

-Somebody insist/ advise/ propose/ recommand/ suggest that something should be done

Ví dụ:

He suggested selling the radio

He suggested that radio should be sold They advised enlarging the garden They advised that the garden should be enlarged

13 Mệnh lệnh thức + Object Æ S + should/must + be +P2.

Ví dụ: Turn on the lights

The lights should be turned on

14 “Need to” là động từ thường

You don’t need to prepare the lesson

The lesson doesn’t need to be prepared

III CỦNG CỐ KIẾN THỨC

Bài tập 1: Chọn phương án thích hợp để hoàn thành những câu sau:

1 All bottles before transportation

A frozen B is frozen C was frozen D were frozen

2 Everything that remained a secret

A had be overheard B had been overheard

C had been overheared D would had been overheard

3 Everything

A were forbidden B is forbidden C is forbidded

D are forbidden

4 Everything

A are going to be forgotten B is going to be forgot

C is going to be forgotten D were going to be forgotten

5 I

A have not given the money B have not been given the money

C have not been give the money D have not be given the money

6 It for years

A has not be known B had not been known

C had not be known D have not been known

7 It that learning English is easy

A are said B said C is said D is sayed

8 John and Ann

A were not misleed B were not misleeded

C was not misled D were not misled

9 Our horses

A are well feeded B are well fed

C is well fed D is well feeded

10 Peter and Tom in an accident yesterday

A is hurt B is hurted C were hurt D were hurted

11 South Florida and Hawaii by a hurricane

A is hit B have been hit C have are hit D has been hit

12 The battles for liberation

A had be fought B had been fighted

C had been fought D has been fought

Bài tập 2: Chuyển các câu sau sang dạng bị động:

1 They must do their task now

2 He expected me to buy him a book

3 They want him to invite them to the party

4 They opened the road 10 years ago

5 He can mend all chairs for you now

6 We expected them to forgive us

7 They allowed women to vote many years ago

8 You should open the wine 3 hours before you use it

9 They suggested making the test easier

10 They think she is the most beautiful girl

11 It’s your duty to make tea for the party

12 They let their children go to the zoo last Sunday

13 He had the neighbor mend the chair

14 The walls need painting

15 He made me clean all the plates last night

16 Don’t close the door

Đáp án:

Bài 1:

1 D 2 B 3 B 4 C

5 B 6 B 7 C 8 D

9 B 10 C 11 B 12 C

Bài 2:

1 Their task must be done now

2 He expected to be bought a book

3 They want to be invited to the party by them

4 The road was opened 10 years ago

5 All chairs can be mended for you now

6 We expected to be forgiven by them

7 Women were allowed to vote many years ago

8 The wine should be opened 3 hours before it is used

9 They suggested the test should be made easier

10 She is thought to be the most beautiful girl

11 You are supposed to make tea for the party

12 Their children were let go to the zoo last Sunday

13 They had the chair mended by the neighbor

14 The walls need to be painted

15 I was made to clean all the plates last night

16 The door mustn’t be closed

IV BÀI TẬP VỀ NHÀ

Bài tập: Viết lại các câu sau sang câu bị động:

1 People say he is very rich.

2 We see her walk with him every evening

3 They had the typist type all their letters

4 I am going to ask the gardener to cut my fence tomorrow

5 Don’t let others see you

6 He needn’t repair the bike

7 People think he was an artist

8 It’s impossible to rebuild the school

9 He let me in

10 People said she was very intelligent

11 He doesn’t need to paint the house

12 You needn’t water the flowers