Matrix intermediate student book

This is a useful guide for practice full problems of english, you can easy to learn and understand all of issues of related english full problems. The more you study, the more you like it for sure because if its values.

Reading pt Brainpower Memoces {6 sstng abou are doonurg memones Ve modivng adverbs verbs wih similar meanings] Reading 2 serif aricle skim reading multiple che Speaking stimulus hased daơsvof, đccnbi§ / ng an

Gramm 96 Dreams ond heath | medals form and wse Speaking! ging formation

Modsts +

Tistening and speaking p1O_| Jods and posonat Ve conf wards, descriptive a@jeaives word | Uenng Toa oh BN HO

Payhometnctete qualities busing and siting stress, Speaking: simul beed đngusion, presenting! justhing me tr epinons

Tet praise Tad 2p pi

Toaiiie The Take Dai | Unt 1 tewated praae Speaking: smut based dustin, describing pheromers

“Grammar pis sal obs present ees ~ Tor and upon ZomTinueU | Speaking: stimulusTosed dscasion, mieviwing

The pees ashing about and dscusing jobs forms Writing atic from notes

Wet p22 ‘Computer peltends evsora formation |: puncuaton, adver work order denne ies) Reading! raring Deodras LÝ: 39a dcsenbing appearance; adjectives and] Writing 2 personal pole: placing: checking; puncuator

Tiening aad speaking p24 emit parade

‘Gime and panshiment [Ve Gime; word ares and parts of speek ashing about and explning meaning

Tieng to 2 rad programme, leone conven

‘completing notes, uefBhe Speaking stimulus-bsed discussion, presenting /justhng pear 2a about / explaining meaning

† Speaking:

Speaking: Simul based discussion, describing people eeenomena Reading s scenic amie: scanning summarising pars

Speaking ond wilting: ging an account

Great walls ging talk: making suggestions Waiting alk planing wring: checking Speaking: peg lk

Tomorrows classroom

[Tstening and speaking p50]

G sing dete atices

Reading paz New York New York Ve nouns, verbs and adjectives Contusng vets in cores, Readingan Speaking: simulusbosed dhcisson.preserting/ using ors 5 rserng ung

discussing advantages / disadvantages of tite Grammar po The future Tien the hte the future = form and we; avo and hrs cotional sentences | Speaking: Simulos bases acosNOn eT

Waiting a Tearing whe Toure | Ve phrases and expresions wedn formar icons | Reading formal m= Svat Sava Relat Waiting formal leer + che er

The pre of ame fontert verbs wth dllerent meanings rases, adverbs ajeces and vers in

230d entry ns lược alscassing he fate Speaking simulusbst2 information aersase

Tet proce Food Fp wa] Tate San Fanenc | Unt a Canta pa Speaking: sin a z

Reading an ance: ơn tác Speaking: simul based 3

Modals2 making local ondusons about the past_| Reding an advertisement nser0g ~ 35° wor

Uistening and speaking pAX_| Winn the Totes | Ve sounds and speling Ustening to 2 narative muliple==

W could be yout persuading people to agre, reaching a decison | Speaking: simulating preserting “gore

Weng pot Tabiions ard sprains] ago a8le Resdiog: matching prawns

Ambition ¥: ink words ang impersonal sve Waiting composition planning sale en+^E =erkng

Tes praise Tad 2: p6@, | Tact te taery | Unt Srtegated pacice ps6 Spedking:Smuhi repolating tae Gaon, png Ro Fe

| © noun causes ashing and ansering estos Speaking ssi or 2 sing formation geknaing actos

‘Gassing snd peaking p74 | Heath and Res] ¥> expressonsin contet © ping reasons | Titening Speaking: stimulus hase toa lephone Gall songs making note: Wentying statements scesson, sing an account! infarmation

VE nous and aaicines combining semences

[Unit 6 meqated practice

ending paz Body langage ‘Vs words wh ferent meanings expressions) Reading anal: canning choosing satements elect content

Bods language G ze ance :dscusng behaviour Speaking simulstoseddscsson,dsang people gngan acount, | comparing pacts

“Gamimar poe The preset pertect VE The Intemet ad webster (present pret fom and use; contrasted wth [Tlemng tna nanntue compieing naec Speaking: esrbngproceses

¥ the passne Tacs and Wares

¢

“Wena 8 Mosile phones [mm

đang research fora suey

| ¥ American English rhyming ne Aiterences

G asking someone to repeat dass debate (tes precise and: ps pia) Tactile Cockney | Unit itegated practice

Soesing comping pete sil bined dcsin.sesetig/

| tinge prions, ewesing pan epeon

Speaking: role, exchanging information —

eating 94 ray sions hme ad epetton feadieg a are, porns sim ang arasngcntent

Poets omer _——_ |€ đhomnggoesandpaeuy | Seeking presenting ustiyng detending opinions |

ˆ Eramwmar g36 The second conditional Wishes '6: second conditional = form and use guide desing napa suations rein wes | Speaking: stimulus based discussion, describing situations | 1 |

| | Speting simatic scsi, dicing ele pees |

‘Wing POE Trimyiimwm— [Wrmirmindwbinoma Willa copoiion parang wing TOG

Reading 9108 ening Pome Ve earesansin cones: adjectives nouns

Leaving home G escabingam imaginary stuation

“Grammar pTT0 Tel pas simple pak continuous past simple] ast perfect

€ tHiẤta sony Narrative tenes

‘peaking snulu:ed đmenvion, prceningusifingapions

| Speaking: simulushased dicsson dscusing people Ip Writing: oosng Speaking: simul bssed deci, ping an account the nat ese

Tistening and speaking p1¥4 | Travel sonics V wses oF 7 — Tistening toa teephone mesage maliple ace

| treatin the oubck using conversation files, giving oneset ime | Speaking: descrihingacintes/ places

Travel writer ofthe eae

at's practise Tand 2 p72,

prs Feat mas ni 9 moynied proce

Resding p120 Running out of te Tessar choices | V words and meanings: questions G dcussing attitudes and valves

“Speaking: reaching 3 deason, negotiating; sing conversation ies Reading an anecdote: som reading, scanning; multiple chow Speaking: presenting ting opin ging an acount

“Grammar p122 Foot and tines pos seeech = ors ard use

Speaking: stimlusbased discussion, negotiating

Speaking: stimulusbased dscision presenting / sting opinions

a.£&f2© rvnf:

xuống sóc sổ éssˆs4z| „2 - CF

Brainpower

Í Memon sex

| 1 Look at these numbers and objects for 30

seconds and try to memorise them

2 Now close your books and write down the

numbers and objects you can remember, then compare your list with a partner's Which were easier to remember?

Is

1 Reading for general meaning

‘Skim read the article Think of a good title

for it Compare it with other students’ titles

‘Another example is a young man called Dario Donatelli, He recently graduated from a university in Pittsburgh, where he specialised in techniques for remembering numbers He describes himself as quite normal, stating, ‘My memory is asjust like anyone else's, There are probably hundreds of thousands of people whose memories could work faster than rine if they had the same interest in numbers as I have~ He has become one of the great memorisers of all time, and has broken the world record for memorising the largest amount oof numbers He recently memorised a number of seventy-

“—— the numbers into pairs, or threes or fours, and I Tink them with something | am familiar with, for example, my

brother's age, a date of birth, a month of the year etc.” + He can now remember almost 100 numbers at any one time:

Exam training

skim reading helps us to identify what a whole tex is

about Before you start to answer questions about a tex

try to read it through quickly and have a general idea of

what it is about Do not worry about it the me

individual words, anings of

Your brain is like a sleeping giant During recent years,

research has shown that the brain is much more intelligent

than we ever imagined, Even the commonly-heard

statement that, on average, we use only one per cent

sof our brain may well be wrong} It now seems

Ỉ that we use even less than one per cent,

which means that an enormous amount of

‘our brain can still be developed

However, realistically, could we all do the same?)

“The important thing to remember is that our brain actually improves with time and practice The more we do to encourage it soto learn, the more successful it will be (So, perhaps the best advice might be

to take a trip to the local library or bookshop, buy a book about something that has always interested

asus but which we know very little

about, remember to read it regularly, and see how quickly we can train our minds to learn something completely new and different We may be surprised by

so what we can achieve!

‘A good example of what the brain is

to capable of is a man called ‘S’ He was

famous for having a perfect memory If

you asked him what happened to him

‘on a particular day fifteen years before,

he could not only tell you but would

vs pause for a moment and then ask, “At

what time?” His extraordinary ability was

studied for many years by a psychologist who

finally concluded that, at a very early age S's

brain fad the power to remember every Betai) about

so his life Apart from that, S was like any other human being,

“Ada on Tony Bs Sate mee urna nt Books LA)

2 Reading for specific information

Answer these questions about the text

2

3

4

How much of our brain do we actually use?

What was S' famous for?

What can Dario remember at any one time and how does he do this?

Multiple choice questions

Exam training

Multiple choice Read the first part of the question and each possible {

answer carefully Even if you think you know the right answer, check |

Read these questions, then choose the best answer, a, b, cor d

Underline the part of the text which helps you find the answer 1

Why have we been wrong about the human brain? 7

a Findings published recently have given inaccurate information

b_ Not enough people have been involved in research into the brain

We thought we might be able to do far more than we can do

d We failed to understand exactly what we were capable of

2 The writer explains that ‘' was amazing because he could

remember

a details further back in the past than anyone had expected

ball the questions he had ever been asked by anyone

_ more precise details about the past than anyone had expected

d_ information more quickly than anyone had ever done before

3 According to Dario, others could do what he doesif they had the

same

a unusual brain power

b_ interest in numbers

© opportunity to practise often

desire to break a record

4 How does the writer suggest we could improve our memory?

a_ make an effort to learn something new

bread anything, even boring books

d buy as many books as possible

Vocabulary

A Phrases 1-5 are in the article Match the words in italic

with meanings a-e

1 much more intelligent a completely

2 even less than b greater than expected

3 quite normal c exactly the same

B_ Write sentences of your own using the words in

sive somebody confidence to do something

B_ Now use one of the verbs in the correct

form to complete each sentence

1 I didn’t think | would be any good at driving a car but my father "nie to take lessons

2 don't think I'll be able to do the job

You see, I have never been properly

3 Canyou _ `2" what Susie said to me

the other day?

4 They are trying to anew software

program

5 My brothers thinking of in medicine at university -

6 ff you work hard, | am sure you “>! -v

‘your chances of getting a gaod job

+ what you are very good / bad at remembering,

*+ what you do to help yourself remember to do things

Let’s focus on modals 1

“Dreams could be more important than you think.”

11 When you wake up in the morning, do you remember any dreams

you have had?

2 Tella partner about the kind of dreams you have Do you ever:

‘* dream about answers to your problems?

© havea nightmare?

have the same dream many times?

dream about the future?

Modals in context

think is correct in 1-10

Dreaming ts

good fer you!

Most of us think that dreams are unimportant, but

recent studies show that they * may /can’t be

rrtsch more important than we think, We've all

ken up trying hard to remember the dream that

“emed so important the night before, We fee! we

seed /must remember it if we tried but we tel

‘ourselves that we > can’t /mustn’ t However, we

«can /can’ tal earn to remember our dreams,

vied once we know how to do this, we 5 musta” t /

can programme them to solve our problem’

‘The best way to try to understand your dreams:

is to keep a journal f you do this, and you 6 must /

can't do it on a regular basis, after a while, you

rotice that you often have the same dream over

and over again

=tvery night before

to take several deep

you go to bed, train yourself breaths and relax Then say t0 yourself, ‘Tonight | want to remember 8 6/20) and

Yell remember a dream As soon as | wake UP, |

smust /haven’t got to write it down’ Go to sleeP

‘vith a pad and pencil beside your bed, expecting

to remember It may sound silly and you may s2¥

"You ® can’t /must be serious!’ but itactually

work !

_ don’t normally remember your dreams,

you often wake up with only a feeling of what you

seamed about ~ for example, anger or calm = ut

‘ter a few weeks, this routine will start producing

results, Then, you ® can’t /can took back at what

you've written and try to match what happens in

7 Your life with the dreams you've had

Read the article about dreaming and choose the modal which you

B_ What is each correct modal in A expressing?

possibility logical conclusion - prohibition ability personal obligation

€ Read the article again and find out:

1 what the writer is suggesting you can do

2 how you can do this

3 why this might be a good idea

2 Recognising modals 4q)s

i |

Tip May | ask you a difficult question, Slip? Gt)

‘Slip Of course you can, but | may not be able to give <

Tip What do these English Stim slip!

‘modals' really mean? 2

Slip \ haven't they must be important a clue, but because we have to Ị study them

‘A How many modals do Tip ane Slip use?

Which modal is used to ask for permission?

B_ Choose the correct meaning, a or b, for the modals in these sentences

1 Some people can remember everything they dream,

4 Sue must be ill! She’s not in schoo! this morning,

a obligation b logical conclusion

5 You can't be cold! You're wearing three

4 Look at these two pages from Jane’s diary

Talk about what she had to do yesterday

and what she must / has (got) to do

8 Now tell a partner what you had to do

yesterday and what you must / have (got) to 7

3_ The pass mark for the exam _ _._ 10%,

1 | _ goround and see Sue | haven't

seen her for ages

2 Youe — smoke in the library 3 ‘Paul drive a car so he is having

6 you open the window, please?

7 We goto the party if we don't

want to

Which modals are used to talk about:

* possibility? * logical conclusion?

© ability? © prohibition?

* permission? + obligation?

Let’s activate!

The right age

How old do you have to be to do these things in your country?

leave school vote in an election drink alcohol - get own a credit card apply fora passport ride a moped open a bank account start school

(can start nursery school

‘What about your parents? Could they do these things at the same

age when they were younger?

Obeying signs -

What do these signs mean? Where might you see them?

5 The missing modal

Complete each sentence with a suitable QY

modal There may be more than one * iy

Draw three signs which prohibit people from doing things Ask a

partner to explain what they mean

What might happen if people do not take any notice of the signs in A

and B? Here are some ideas to help you

go to prison pay afine : spill something have an accident start a fire

get injured

Let”s practise

Vocabulary

1, Adverbs

A Choose the sentences which are true for you

1 Memorising numbers is much more difficult than memorising words

2 like studying Maths even less now than when I was younger

3 Lessons at school are quite interesting

4 My best friend and | are just like each other

5 1 know very little about the meaning of dreams

B Now rewrite the sentences which weren't true for you Use these

adverbs,

+ alot nothing like even more + very + much less + not at all

Example

‘ike studying maths even more now than when 1 was younger

2 al Adverbs with comparatives and superlatives

A Look at the adverbs in these sentences Which are used with

superlatives and which with comparatives?

1 My sister isa bit taller than | am,

2 Einstein is easily the most intelligent man that ever lived

3 Andy worked much harder for his exams than | did

4 That was just about the best dream I've ever had

Now write three sentences about yourself using some of these adverbs

Example

1 am just about the best-looking student in the school

3 Words and prepositions

Complete this text with the

correct prepositions 4

+ of + with + at without in 4

+ for » about j

Einstein

Scientists tell us that our brainpower

‘will improve with practice, but some

people are born geniuses Albert

Einstein, for example, was capable

‘using more of his brain than

‘At first Einstein’s ideas

that many people couldn't w

students who specialise *

‘science were so new and strange

caderstand them However, nowadays

Physics * _ university all study,

la by Einstein theories Nearly all areas of Physics were changed by

his theories Nearly

——

avel, and

1 Are they verbs or nouns?

2 Whats the difference between advice and advise and practice and practise?

3 Isthere any difference in the pronunciation of ise in advise and practise?

5 ull Confusing words

Complete sentences 1-10 with a word in the correct form

remember / remind

1 Can you me to buy some stamps?

2 Tim _ to post the letter

3 Pam didn’t _ talking to Paul at the party

4 _ meto goto the dentist + tomorrow

7 The teacher

8 Ifyou take my Mark to work harder _ you'll work harder

practice / practise

9 Ifyou want to improve your memory

_ memorising lists of numbers

10 The more _ vou do, the better vour

‘memory will become

Grammar

6 must and have to

Complete the sentences with must mustn't

have to / don’t have to or had to Sometumes more than one form may be possible

1 Clare isn't coming to the cyber cate Sne _ revise for her exams

2 © Mybrother isan actor in = wood

© —— he _ memonse atoie scripts?

3 Itwas raining yesterday sowe —

cancel the picnic

4 You talk during :ne exam

———!—— helpwith the

housework?

© Wichael <> go to Chicago next week

‘er 2 business meeting

xa ‘spend more time learning,

veczoulan if | want to improve my

English

When I was younger | _ share a

rooin with my sister

7 might, may, could, must, can’t

Rewrite the first sentence using the verbs in

brackets

Example

| don’t know if Sarah is coming to class

today (might not)

Sarah might not be coming to class today

1 I'm sure that isn’t Paul because he’s on

holiday (can’t)

2 Lucy's not sure whether to go to the

cinema (might not)

new computer (may not)

8 The right word

ot many people remember! _ dreams For most

up However, according * _ Stephen LaBerge,

44 practice we can put ourselves into a state where we know wes dreaming,

Stephen has called § _ state ‘lucid dreaming’ It means that baving a dream is just? —_— ` watching a filnt; but with

8 digdifference- you are in control

Many artists have used lucid dreams ® experiment with shapes and colours, while writers can try out plots and dialogue

daydreaming except that it's much

It is similar ©

" However, Stephen admits there is ® _ problem powerful

“Learning to luctd-dream can !° _/ quite bard he says

“You _ to follow a series of exercises to become aware

© _ you are dreaming, and that can take months.’ So he has invented a device to train you to recognise a lucid dream straight away: It's called ‘DreamLight’ and is a mask worn

— ` `" the eyes ‘When you start to dream,’ he says, “it recognises your rapid eye movements, and a light begins to

flash inside” _ mask When you see the light in your

dream, yousay to “Aha! The DreamLight! That means Pmdreaming!””@

their b there 10 a to b from when b as 11a more b most

with b during 13 a be —b tobe

nb are 14 a must b have this b that 15 a that b than like b as 16 a over b above

for b to 18 a you b yourself

— etwz ort ly MME te

Try these questions from a personality 1 Completing notes and sentences @)2

test and an ability test and see what the You are going to hear someone giving part of a talk

Place Starting time — — Namber of seats 22-4 4

ị B_ Nowread sentences 1-6 carefully so that you know what information

solution quickly? or

b following a carefully worked out pian? Exam training

Completing notes and sentences When completing notes, the answers |

do not need to fit grammatically, but when completing sentences the words must fit grammatically into the sentences Try to work out what | kinds of words you might need before you complete the sentences |

For each statement write T if you think it is

true, F if itis false and D if you don't know

J )® People should sort out their own

1 Inthe UK, psychometric tests are carried out by of emplovers

EI can get more done when I work alone, to recruit new staff '

\like telling people funny stories 2 Employers use them because they save and _

| show my emotions easily hie 3 The results of the tests are more reliable than the resultS of — _

4 Using these tests means that employers do not give the job to

| of person

Ability test 5 If you prepare well for the test, you stand a better chance = :

| 6 You should work through all the questions as and

What's the next shape in the sequence: Ý you can

a,b, cord?

©O@ „4 »

oe@2 „2

ceoz 99

2 How many L-shapes are required to fil the

square without leaving any gaps?

+

neseosskdyseon

2 Confusing words

difference in meaning between each past ot warzs

employers / employees job / work

interviewer / interviewee recruit / make redundant

#_ *e sse one word from each pair in A in the correct form

wu crrolete these sentences

1 Many nowadays have the right to strike

2 On occasions like these, _ are always nervous

about their chances of being asked a question they

cannot answer

3 Jim has been looking for a

now

4 The problems in the company have been caused by the

bad of the company directors

5 Jenny lost her job but a company in town is <b _

more staff at the moment so she might be lucky there

for several months

3 Descriptive adjectives

A The adjectives in 1-7 were in the talk Which of these

adjectives describe the words and phrases in ag?

b_ going on for a long time and may be boring

© something which makes you irritated

d_ not guilty

e having the ability to become something / someone else

f difficylt to work out

4 Word building and word stress

‘A Make nouns from the verbs in 1-8 using these endings

“our -ment ‹ion -ance

3 annoy vC£ 7 perform CŸ

4 attract >> 8 motivate |

B_ The main stressed syllable is marked on each verb in A

Most of the verbs have the main stress on the last

syllable,

Underline the stressed syllable on the nouns you made

and note the differences

Here are some qualities people need to do different kinds

of jobs Some letters are missing Can you fill them in?

1 patien—

5a sense of hum

2 understand_ 6 a sense of responsibil- _ ~ˆ

3 determinat_— 7 the abila + _ to work alone

4 physical streng 8 co-operat_ with others

Having a discussion Ina discussion, itis important that one person does not

do all the talking, The suggestions in How do J 2 will help you to make sure everyone has a chance to say what they think Using your partners’ names will also - encourage them to join in

Personally, I don't think that is necessary to be - ` `

is an important quality if you

What about you, Anna? What's your opinion, Anna?

What do you think, Anna?

4 Discuss these questions in small groups Use the list in 5

1 What are the jobs in the pictures?

2 Which qualities do you need for each job?

4

4 7s

In pairs, each think of a different job which isn’t in B

Describe the qualities you need to do it well, and see if your partner can guess your job

“Try a home-stay course in London ily

Stay with a host far 7 Study in the comfort of someone's home Indus a odaion powied meivelessons da

i request

What do you think a home-stay visit is?

Look at this advertisement for a home-

What might be the advantages and

disadvantages of doing a course like this?

Understanding the task Dear _ Maria

| Maria is going on a three-week home-stay course in Thank you for your letter You asked mẹ + 6

London She has written to her host family asking Lake District It certainly isa beautiful place? "*

them for advice Read this extract from Maria’s letter Visit 'm enclosing a map and a postcard > ——

at an travel to the Lake District) train or 4

weekend oụt ĩ London, Ím Winting Coach from London | think yổtrsho:.' take the train,

si ere to say? ako like to now what here 0 comfortable We can easily take you to thc station and pick

xe and what Kind of weather 10 expect you up when Tà \

1a in advance for your belp wath ‘aces to stay, | think you ought to tr

cự you in advance for Youth Hostel They'te quite cheap and good places fon meting Ị

cia Mendora — 7 > „dể ware Lake District was the home of the famous poet William place ath Who spent most of his life thee ita wonderful jor for walking There’s also 6 | &

very int i

| Match the letter style to the situations: Museum, about Lakeland life and industry Y interesting i

1 Formal * a Writing to your best friend The whole area gets very crowded in summer with peo Ì |

2 Semi-formal — b_ Writing toa travel agency Coming to visit the Lakes and the poet's home, so pea sth |

3 Informal Writing don’t know very well to someone you come b best thing to do would be to travel o me back on Monday or Tuesday a Friday morning and , set |

Ignore the missing words What style is Sally's letter unfortunately, it’s often verywet oY a

\written in? How do you know? waterproof clothing, and it might bean deat bur wt light, |

} Write notes to complete the plan of Sally's letter "ite e het ,

2 Transport 6 Weather —”

8 a because b but cáo

9a meets b meet c meeting

10 a Bestwishes b Losoflove € YOurstruly

Steps to better writing

3 Giving advice

A List the different ways Sally Martin gives advice to Maria

B With a partner, write two pieces of advice for these

situations

1 ‘i have forgotten to do my homework.”

2 ‘Idon't feel wel”

3 ‘Ihave lost my money for lunch.”

4 ‘I'd like to make more friends.’

5 ‘I never get any exercise

6 ‘I'd like to spend some time working abroad.”

4 Phrasal verbs with more than one meaning

A The phrasal verb pick up is in the letter What does it mean?

B_ Here are some other phrasal verbs with up Each verb has

two different meanings Match the meanings ah with

Sam and Gina have broken up after five years together

It’s not easy to bring up children in a crowded city

It's raining, but | think it might clear up later on today

My father has managed to give up smoking a pipe

The manager brought up the subject of the missing

money at the meeting

Could you please clear up this mess?

The soldiers fought very hard but had to give

themselves up in the end

8 The police were calledkin to break up the fight

_ 5 Using articles >rne

A Look at the first two paragraphs of Sally's letter again and find the names of places and ways of travelling

B Correct these sentences:

1 Lalways travel bythe train =

2 It's cheaper,to take bus

3 I'm going to Lake District

4 Paul went to the London yesterday

Write sentences to answer these questions

1 How do people usually travel in your country? ou,

2 Which areas, districts and cities are well known in your country? Why?

Writing your letter

6 Understanding the task Jim is coming to your country to doa course in your _ language He is staying with you and has a few days free

before his course begins He has written to you asking for’

advice about a good place to visit You are going to write a reply (about 200 words)

Exam training

Counting words Do not waste time counting the exact number of words Count the average number of words you write in each line, then count the number of lines

7 Planning Write a plan for your letter to Jim

1 Choose some of the ways of giving advice in 3A

Decide which to put in each paragraph

2 Decide on the best order for your paragraphs

3 Decide how to begin and end your letter

8 writing

To help you write your letter:

+ starta different paragraph for each new point in your plan

+ use some of the words and expressions from Sally's letter

9 Checking Itis important to read what you have written Imagine you are Jim reading the letter -

‘+ Have you included all the necessary information?

+ Is your letter written in a semi-formal, friendly style? + Have you used some contractions like /’m, isn't and 1?

‘+ Have you used definite articles where necessary?

8 Now use some of the positive and negative adjectives in

‘Ato complete these sentences,

1 If youwant a career as a model, you have to be quite

2 Tony isto He's always losing his temper

3 It's completely to smoke Everyone knows that

it’s bad for your health

4 itwas _ of Luke to lie about his qualifications

5 Don't depend on Sally She's very — _ She may say

she'll help you, but she probably won't

2 Word formation

Complete the gaps with the correct form of the word in

brackets

Mark was 7 years old when he went to his first circus show

‘tt was during the trapeze ae? (action) that ! made

up my mind to be a trapeze artist,’ says Mark And it's a

1 (decide) he's never regretted Nowadays Mark is

one of the most? _ (success) trapeze artists in

Europe and the star 3 (attract) of Le Cirque đ'Hiver

‘As soon as Mark left school, he began looking for *

(employ) in circuses in England and abroad It took a lot of

5 _ (patient) and 5 years of § _ (train) before he

was offered a job in Patis, at the? _ (fame) Cirque

d'Hiver We asked Mark why he had problems finding a

job Working in the ® _ (entertain) business isn’t

easy; explains Mark ‘t's a very competitive environment

You need a lot of motivation and the 9

(determined) to succeed But the feeling you get after a

10 _ (perform makes it all worth while.’

worspap e3uyeu J03/qEúcouphnG£ Xeu ti XIN 3| A0E0"

906i a0 108,JaweUE n0 )'ĐIAĐE pin na 391 0) apmame pue VoNEAYOL snk sodeus-1§

node ano py a B00 SOS aL Y91N0>

2u0 oi! p30 9} ,00P Mak os omsUE ‘apDapun ue vod xn 03A8 00A #

‘3p on ypeaidae pasiedio pue pouveyd

94 purple a:n0 9, adams

ak todo sued sak 94 0 Bus004>

Ì Lm z

ne una elms pee Sry ^

set onto ae evar

3 Words that go together

Choose the best answer, a, b or c, to complete these

sentences

1 Scientists _ tests to see how much S could remember

a sorted out b setout c cariedout

2 This summer we're going to some time in England

a spend b pas co

3 Tomorrow Dr Stone will —_ atalkon the interpretation of dreams

a present give © perform

4 Tom entered the competition, although he didn’t _— a chance of winning

a stand b expect = €_ give

5 Sueis the 10 o'clock train, so she should be here by lunchtime

6 After many hours of work, Monica eventually solutio’ to the maths problem

a invented b found © made

3 your mother or an aunt 6 an examination

a you're afraid of failing under pressure

b you want to start something again or you might want

to destroy a painful memory

you are anxious about not achieving your ambitions

d you want someone older or wiser to lead you to a better life

€ you feel superior or you may be trying to escaoe froma problems

† you are falling in love or you might &

(=getting bad marks) in your school 24, pened Now ask and answer these questions with a zarmex

1 How often do you dream?

2 When did you last have a dream? `

3 Was it a good dream or a bad dream?

4° What do you think itmeans? > -

|

* © Dear Clave,

harks * for your letter, T've

——— three Weeks now It’s '

Choose the best answer, ete this letter a, bor €, t0 Winter, the * —— lots of jobs, (Jobs, but also | — thing to do is +o 2 apply von There are — come here next appl

complete this letter Yon aoe itt tse lots OF students who want them!

1a for b since | ¢ during =— the Work here Well, the thir

2 a this bit © them | most students do is look © the chalets, This

4 abetter b best ¢ good Ị

5 aabout b for cto

6 a for TT

7 ashould ban — c haveto „` breakfast, most reaple gp skiing, 52 you

8 asome ‘bthe c noartice Này beds," the washing up and general

9 a must b can should | By Up For the vest of the mowing you have $0 y

10 a make b do © prepare | the skis oe kee re 9s" have, for 1 k

11a do b đen ¢ make rs mi wt ov may want to

14 a eachother b oneself c themselves = | „ fervoon you'll have © fee time,

15 a the ba © noarticle i —— you should bring along your skis! fy

16 a the bsome ca accommodatic rorey, you'll get £70 a week, 2B’ _ — your Food and a

17 aso b but because 20 ‘on ave free, So you only need to Pay

18 a While bSo CAS —— sping out in the evenings!

19 a Although b While c However T hope this helps 1 write ain

20 a for b to c~ a Susie

eee

Complete the following advertisement with * ‘Complete the factfile about the Lake District

| The Lake District is one of the most famous places in

| England Set in Cumbria, a region in the * of

| England, the district has many mountains, lakes, and |

aa kẽ The largest lake is Lake > „ whịch

Ũ —— Peak District "Ÿ' covers 16 square kilometres, and the highest mountain is —_—, ——

| called Scafell Pike I's 978 * high |

come and spend 2 weekend 5 has been its main source of income Many in3 Peak District - Britain’ 7 visit the Lake District to find out about itS most |

most popular national park! s | well-known resident, the ® u William Wordsworth |

Situated in the north of Derbyshi Wordsworth moved to the kes wih his sister Darathy in|

4 park is real “adye erbyshire, ° „ and became knawn as one of the Lake Poets |

country and has some of Bnieaa’s You can still see the small '_ — where he wrote hi | most famous works

Ä 5 ——- world-famous Pennine Way

And it’s all just four hours from

London by 6 = _ train! For more

information about ? train

and 8 —— bus services co; ntact 65678,

:

aemnonenecsconabecc ns: heaters: cscmrheeromree

How much do you know about Britain?

1 What's the name of the political union which includes England, Scotland,

Wales and Northern Ireland? |"

2 What is the geographical name for England, Scotland and Wales?

3 What is the difference between Britain and the British Isles?

4 What's the shortest distance across the Channel? Enovane

a 24kilometres b 34 kilometres c¢ 48 kilometres *

5_ How can people travel across the Channel? Choose the correct answer(3) >

a ferry b bridge ¢ tunnel i

1 Thinking about the text 1 Do you think the writer intended to be serious or

think the article will include? 2 What other opinions does the writer quote? Why do

you think he does this?

Read the text through quickly Write the time you start,

an finish eading this text How long did take? Vocabulary

Starting time _ Finishing time — _ 5 Nouns and verbs

ˆ These words are in the article Choose the best meaning Ị

1 intentionally (line 5),

Exam training - in particular on purpose - by chance ;

each paragraph while you are reading This will help + worried ° shocked » puzzled é -

remember what you have read comprehensive - difficult + confusing,

4° conquered (line 16)

A Match these headings to paragraphs 1-6 There is one fought defeated - attacked

a Asuccessfulcombination +V# « religious speakers teachers instructors

© Arecent change + shoppers » workers - politicians

d_ Adifficult race to understand 7 emigrated (line 28)

€ Anexciting event f Astrange contradiction” ane + moved house flew away left your own country

1p, 8 views (line 42) ee

Anunwilling acceptances? ¢ (MIO si sights - opinions scenes

Using the headings above, discuss with a partner what 9 bearing in mind (line 47)

he

1 Find some British, Welsh, French and

Scottish characteristics in the article

Are you surprised by any of these?

Why? Why not?

What are your nationality’s

characteristics? What major events

have helped to form them?

A’ Which of these words have a similar

meaning? Use a dictionary to help you

B_ Use one of the words to complete each

sentence More than one answer may be

possible

1 Mynew neighbours seem tobe

+ _ anice couple l

2 Londonisa popular place

with tourists Millions visit the city each

year

The British have a different

sense of humour from the French

I sawa _ astonishing sight the

other day | couldn't believe my eyes

Although we think walking is

a boring thing to do, we need the

Five plus five is ten That is"

right

7 Phrasal verbs — put -

Underline the phrasal verbs with put and

match them with the meanings in a-f

h

~ National characteristics

‘The English are not easy to understand As one of the chasactrs in

2 play called The Old County fut i'n England we never ently

‘mean what we say, do we? Do | mean that? Not entirely.’

The British are famous for their folerance and sense of humour,

5 yet, as writer Paul Gallico observed: ‘No one can be as' intentionally

tude’ as the British, which amazes Americans, who do not

understand such behaviour.’ Britain’s nearest neighbours can be just

38 astounded as the Americans French writer Andre Maurols wrote:

‘tn France, itis tmbbtit®'not to have a conversation with someone: in

ve England, it is unwise to have one No one there blames you for silence When you have not opened your mouth for three years, they will think, “This Frenchman's quite a nice fello The truth about the British is, of course,

but certain generalisations can be made B

"2 not changed in anyone's mind by the con: Tunnel - and it has not been successfull

years For this reason, Britain and the British remain deeply

individualistic To the English, the Welsh seem a much more talkative group than themselves This talkative nature is one of the Welsh national characteristics and Wales became a very popular Place with preachers and trade union leaders, particularly in the 19th century In contrast, the Scots, who have a rather different historical and religious batkground from the English (they were

never conquered by the Romans, or by the Normans after 1066), are Seen.as quiet and serious

In the 1950s, many Commonwealth citizens, mostly from the West Indies, emigrated to Britain There are now around half a million West Indians in s9 Britain and four black politicians were elected to parliament in 1987 Others came to live and work, too Asians came from the Indian subcontinent and Africa, and Chinese people trom, Hong

vs Kong, many of whom have'put ih a lot of effort to build up” successful

1 Would you please put these books away? businesses All these people, together

2 We put the meeting off until next week 3 Could you put me through to the school with Arabs and Africans, help to form

what fs now a multiracial society

¬ spn ớÏÏ_—ằẶằ—-—— so Bat althous{ the people in Britain al

Thang fares up again! “even different languages, they make up a really astonishing island

6 They have but bus ares up 282i tact, whose culture and customs ae mixed so well together that they”

6 can’t put up with that a postpone “ih © forma character which is the sum of so many parts

‘To understand Britain, however its people tell you, ‘takes many

4 Visits’ Beating in mind their inability to say what they mean, this

Gà Mou

sive mea bed forthe night DUS

return to the proper place

‘bear or stand NEA

Say Sven's

AT Probably tranlates aš “Ẩhowgí we iegard tourism as rather Lit because we do need the business the

isitors are bringing in.’

Brian Bell, Insight Guide — Great Britain

Let’s focus on the present

A Can you describe the two people in the picture? Say what they look

like, what they are wearing, what they are doing and what you

think their jobs are

B_ The picture is of footballer David Beckham (Becks) and his wife,

op star Victoria (Posh Spice) Or is it? Read these se questions

carefully, then listen and write short answers 6) 5

1 What are the real names of the people in the picture?

Who is speaking on the tape?

What was the woman studying nine months ago?

What has she become?

How much money has she earned?

What often happens when the couple go out together?

How have they kept up with changing styles?

1 The present simple or the present continuous?

A Match the statements 1-5 with the meanings a-e

work as a lookalike

'm working at home today

People are working longer and longer hours

They are always asking me to work late

5 People work to earn money

BUNS

a Thisis almost always true

Jb This is a normal routine

+€ Thisis nota normal routine

3,d_ Thisisa changing situation

Ue This happens very often and | find it annoying

B_ Write sentences of your own like those in 1-5 Use the verb study

Example { study at the local library

A._

2 Non-continuous forms %q«

Tip What are you doing?

Siip 1 do my English homework

Tip | think you mean ‘I'm doing’ my English homework, Slip

‘Stip Oh! You mean because | o

haven't finished it yet?

Tip Yes! You're doing your homework now and you still haven't finished it!

‘Are these verbs used in the continuous form?

Which of the verbs has a different meaning when used in the continuous?

feel like dislike hate prefer want

“believe know - belong to» need - see + seem think

Choose one of the verbs to complete these

sentences using the pppropriate present tense,

improve our sales figures +

2 V2 (not feel} very well this morning

3) What (you think) of my new car?

4 What (you think) about?

5 Dr Brown can't come to the phone at the moment He (see)a patient

61 (need) some change for the bus

7 Who this pen (belong) to?

8 Which you (prefer)?

‘The present perfect The present perfect has several different uses

in English tt often has a close connection with the present We can use it to talk about our general experience, to say that something is still happening now and to refer to the very recent past Which of the sentences below means:

a thisis a new experience?

b_ thisis a fact about someone's past experience?

this is still happening now, dr is still true?

d this has happened quite recently?

Camilla has become a Posh Spice lookalike

‘Andy has worked as a model

3 It'sthe first time Camilla has earned so much money

4 Gamilla and Andy have been together for nine months

ESet VO

PD AAD

waco Te = on the left to the information on the right

rmawe s6 s— 2° sentences about Camilla and Andy

ng tenes m0 appeared on TV

—_ a holiday abroad

: = lot of success,

5 ean \ _ at night clubsand restaurants

6 travel a lot of money

7 book a house in Brighton

4 The right tense

Read this article about another lookalike couple and

choose the correct form of the verb, a, b or c

2 a isfinding —b finds « find

3 a want b havewanted c amwanting

5a siarted b arestarting c start

6 a Aren'tyou b Haventyou c Dontyou

7 a amthinking b thought ¢ think

8 a works b haveworked ¢ am working

9 a isbecoming b become © became

10a amhaving b havehad c had

=

SUPERMAN

MEETS HIS

WONDER WOMAN

we Michelle Bada COMES home from work as a

sales assistant in New York, she often? +

Cory, dressed as Superman, throwing himself off the sofa

Cory still can't believe his luck at being paid to be a

superhero, ‘J _ —to be an actor ever since L$

———1 a small boy so, when people5_ ——_ tọ

Say" — — — likeSuperman?.l?7_— _ tọ

myself —why not? Now 1# _ + _- — alfthe thuế?

Michelle9— _ — “Wonder Woman at the same time

just to please Cory “If 110 —_ a hard day at work,

then I'm not so keen to Pui om the costume!” says

Which of these statements are not correct? Why not?

1 The present simple is used for an action which is

happening at the moment

2 Some verbs change their meaning when they are used

in the present continuous

3 We use the present perfect to talk about the past |

It has no connection with the present

5 Interview a lookalike

‘A With a partner, prepare a list of ten questions to ask a lookalike Here are some ideas

* functions they attend (recently), e.g parties, dinners

© how they feel when someone ‘recognises’ them

‘money they made in the last few months or years

* activities at the moment

© change in personality since becoming a lookalike

# usual training, special routine

* how life has changed since becoming a lookalike

«effect on the family -

Write a short article for a magazine about your partner's,

life as a lookalike Use your notes to help you

1 Confusing words ‘A Add in-, un- or im-to make these adjectives negative

‘ 1 desirable 4 wise :

Use one of these word nthe correct fom to complete 2 complicated 5 polite : 4

+ characteristic - identi ty - individuality » personality individuality + personalit B_ Now complete these sentences with one of the positive or =,

1 Noone discovered the true _ of the thief negative adjectives in A

2 National are often quite amusing to people 1 Before he went to university, Dave used to be a quiet,

from other countries, —_— boy Now he's often loud and bad-mannered

3 Human beings are amazing; they all have their own, 2 For most teenagers, a mobile phone is a very ~ boy, Now he's often loud and had-manner

ina crowd 3 Although the athlete was young and , he still

- won the race

2 Words that go together ~ 4 Theinstructions were and difficult to follow

sentences, 1 The British a breed are an island b ke + c cong , } qo(,Š- Kaf'5atlempt1o the problem ° dimbthe mountain was He `

2 If youwant to on TV, why don't you apply fora had to turn back

job asa news presenter? 5 Word building

<a perform 3 Tobeadown b act dtoh © appéar th ‘A Change these verbs into nouns ending in -ion s

you need to have a of humour 1 combine 4 construct

a sense b knowledge ¢ feeling 2 contradict 5 converse « ~ =

4 Ws easy tof nationalities generalisations about different ` 3 generalise

a tell b make © say B_ Now match these meanings with the nouns

a anything built or put together ‘

5 Ittook Clare three years to _ her business b acomment that applies to the majority

( @ build up b buldon c buildin € theartoftalking

6 Once you've agreed, you can’t —_ -— your mind d_ anumber of things mixed together mm

> a revise b modify ¢ change € astatement which is different from another

7 Paul alot of money He has been a computer

programmer for two years “4 6 Phrasal verbs - put

a wins beans —'c gains Use a phrasal verb with put to reply to questions 1-5

8 If you want to pass your exams, you need to —

lot of effort and revise

Use one of these words to write a reply to each question 2 © Could | speak to the head teacher, please?

syery + rather = quite - really , Ý ^^yi0u8 * Certainly —_—— m.=——

1' What do you think of your new neighbours? 3._ © Why is the meeung not beng eeò màu

2 What are your impressions of London? * We had to

3 What do you think is one of the differences between 40 Surely it doesn't Gost that ouch to acme Ga mm

the French and the English? „ ae © Itdoes They've just

4 Why do you play so many sports? © Tillbe in town next weexena “> a masta

5 1532 the answer to 16 plus 16? could find me somewhere 10 suas”

3n Tốn ä * Oh, don't worry We <an

-Grammar

7 Present simple or present-

continuous?

Complete these sentences with the correct

tense of the verb in brackets

1 Most people (want) to be rich

and famoys

2 Kateisa supermodel She _ (travel)

to Milan and Paris every month

3 David _ (not play) football today

He's injured his leg

4 Teenage tennisstars (get) 7

younger and younger

5 Tina'S (always / complain} ahout

having no money 4

6 People (go) on holiday to relax

7 Paul | (save up) to buy a new

compute ~

8 Rachel (always / play) compiiter

games, She never does her homework,

(start) work at

9 Dave isa DJ He

nine o'clock every morning

10 According to scientists, people

(beceme) taller and taller

8 Present perfect

Write five sentences about things you have

and have never done

Example

work I've never worked during the summer

holidays / I've worked part-time delivering

ẹ The right verb

Choose the correct form of the verbs in 1-10

‘Impersonator Joe Caffrey > hes played / plays / are playing Elvis, When he 3 is putting on / have put on /

puts on his white suit, he « has

looked / ig looking | looks just like

the king of rock ‘n roll At the

moment Caffrey 5 appears / has

+— appeared | is appearing in the Show

in the West End

Lee Hall § begins / have begun ƒ is

beginning to make a name for

himself as a writer whose plays 7 has looked Í are looking / look at life

and death in a comical, imaginative Way They ® are attracting / attracts /

hhave attracted large audiences to London's theatre-land Hall ° now

writes | has now written | is now writing a,new play which he * has hoped | is hoping / hopes will be as successful as ‘Cooking with Elvis’

a -al b -ul c -ol

1 beautif- 5 classic- 9 vertic

2 music- 6 wonderf- 10 soci-

4 c- 8 unusu- 12 form-

Eo NEM Complete this UK factfile

serious West indies Wales and Northern ireland talkative Africa and Hong Kong

Britain is composed of England, Scotland and Wales The UK is composed of England, Scotland,

The Welsh are more? than the English

The Scots are more 3

In the 1950s immigrants came to England from the * More recently, people arrived from India,

B How do these uses compare with

(punctuation in your language?

Studying the sample

1 Understanding the task

‘A Read the advertisement and answer the

questions

1 What isa penfriend?

2 Why might it be interesting to have a

penfriend in another country?

Simply complete the application

form below and email it to us

together with your personal profile

We'll do our best to match you on

our computer to someone you'll

really click with!

Fle Edt View Insert Format Teas Ben FvReply toall gf Forwar

From: Sam Dunsford

Tm quiet by nature but my friends say that 1 have a sense of humour 1 enjoy going to discos and we have beach barbecues in the summer Ive always been interested in music but my passion is jazz

my family live in a bungalow outside town my parents are

teachers | have two sisters the most interesting school subject for

me is history Ì can speak french 1 am not good at maths * Lintend to visit the usa as 1 find its culture fascinating Im looking forward to having a penfriend

Steps to better writing

2 Word order of adverbs

‘A Adverbs of time usually come before an ordinary verb, and after be, an auxiliary verb or a modal verb Where do the adverbs never and often come in these sentences?

1 Igotothecinema 3 Ihave been to Paris \

2 I can find time to relax 4 1am late

B_ Adverbs of manner usually come after a verb or after the object of a verb Where do the adverbs well and quickly come in these sentences? ,

1 IspeakEnglih 2 Iwrite 3 Please read this text, C_ Now write four sentences about yourself using the adverbs in A and B

|

tives in a suitable place in her profile

Ổby marking (+) They are in the correct

usually Very greatest large just fpr shor Tam ểỞ old, 2! and have 3

older quite well unfortunately much hair and cực

"always realy Tm 5< by nature but all my friends say that I have

ẹ great sense of humour | enjay ẹ with my friends and | : gre like sports 've always been 7 njoy rts but my real y

4 Adjectives and prepositions passion is ệ sebelah cel sel In sports but my rea

A Match these adjectives to the prepositions

interested - ibarrassed'yỖashamied Ừ ken

proud Ộbored - ậđỏd ` ^ "`

on ins of with by at_

1 donỖt know whether I'm" typical American or not 1 Ike fast

food but | never say ỔHi, man!Ợ Isn't that what people think

Americans do? ụ

1 intend to go to Australia one day 1 fascinating 'm looking forward to having penfriend there

1 ive with my mother and two brothers in small town My

mother works inồdffice The most interesting school subject for

3 Discuss with a partner what makes you

interested, embarrassed, ashamed, keen,

proud or bored '

Write four sentences about what you or

your partner said

* Words describing appearance

Which of these adjectives can describe:

1 hai 2 size? 3 eyes?

toed curfy ỘStocky wavy - of medium build py tt

+ black round brown ẹ short fair : slim Writing your personal profile

well-built - green - blue 7 Brainstorming

: In a group, brainstorm what to write in your profile Make notes about

these things:

* personal details

* character

B Use some of the words to write three

sentences describing your appearance

6 Indefinite articles > rề Ấ ,

ỔA Look at DanỖs personal'profile He has left

+ achievements you are quite proud of

what the information might be and * school subjects you are good or not good at

complete the gaps ẹ future plans

Dan hasalso leftoutall the indefinite 8 Planning and writing

articles We use an indefinite article: Ổẹ when we are mentioning something for A You are going to send your personal profile eon your P to the agency Use your gency Use ầ

notes and these instructions to make a plan

the first time , 1 Write some paragraph headings

Example ` 2 Organise your notes and ideas under each heading

My family live in a bungalow 3 Decide what order the paragraphs will be in

* with a singular countable noun B_ Now write your profile following your plan Use some of the adjectives

Example and adverbs in this section

I don't wear a hat with corks on it

Look at Dan's profile again Add any 9 Checking

missing indefinite articles 1 Check your punctuation

2 Check for indefinite articles

ẹ Dam has arranged the order of paragraphs in his profile differently SamỖs order is 31 Is your profile interesting? Have you included some of the adjectives file interesting? th luded ể

A The photos above show four ways of identifying criminals

Label them with the descriptions

Which of these means of identification do you think is the most and

which the least reliable? Explain why

Completing notes Sq)s

Exam training

Completing notes Try to guess what kind of information you need

before you listen Your answers should be short and do not have to be

whole sentences The words you need are on the tape but they may not

bee in the same order, or used in the same way as they are in the task

You are going to hear part of a radio programme about three of the

means of identification Before you listen, read the notes carefully,

then listen and complete them

Identity parades

Where used all over the world

What suspect is allowed to do in line

Disadvantage: an? xÊ —_

1

2 The phone call is from a police officer There is an identity parade on Tuesday

They haven't given Alex much notice

You are going to hear part of an interview with Alex Before you listen, read through the statements carefully While you listen,

decide whether Alex made these

statements or not Write yés or no next to each one

I'm not allowed to wear my own clothes

I'm paid extra to work at short notice

I sometimes find it difficult to stand stil ở

I'm sometimes asked to put on a false

We don't see the witness

I've never been identified as the suspect

If you have written no next to any of the statements, listen again and find out what Alex did say

Would you like to take part in an identity parade? Why? Why not?

GU ~

7 Functions Match functions a—e with what the speakers say in 1-5, then choose the correct alternative for each sentence

1 © What means ‘burglary’? / What does ‘burglary’ mean?

2 © Ithink it’s stealing something from | setting fire tdsomeone’s

7 : house ˆ

Speaking skills 3 © Actually, think speeding's@ / the serious crime 1 mean i's bad 7

A These words appear in the interview with 4 © I'mnotsure Don't you think burglary’s much / many more

Alex Listen to them again and underline serious than speeding?

Example interested speeding? A prison sentence?

1 business 4 committed „

2 application 3 definitely 5 additional 6 penniless © witha partner, check that you know the meanings of these crimes and & Talking about meaning

punishments

B_ Practise réading the words aloud Make the Grimes „

stressed syllable louder than the others, speeding : kidnapping - mugging - theft + robbery - burglary ` Ì

underline the stressed syllable

1 the verb form of application (7, `5, Punishments

2 theadjective form of definitely 1 1 ~ physical punishment - the death penalty + a prison sentence - a fine

3 the verb form of committed VE + community service

4° the adverb formn of additional ~

Here are some words connected with 1 Which of the crimes do you consider to be the most serious? Why? crime Ask and explain in your own words 2 What would be a suitable punishment for these crimes?

what they mean Use How do I ?to help 3 Do you know what happens to people in your country if they

+ acriminal steal - a reward a suspect

+ awitness - a prison » a burglar identify

+ aransom arrest - a thief a mugger

‘Ask what something means

&) What does the word mean? Ị

Can you tell me what means?

Explain what something means

It means someone / something

who / which

It’s kind / sort / way of

Vocabulary

1 Adjectives and prepositions

Complete these sentences using the correct preposition

and your own words :

People are sometimes ashamed -

3 Parents are sometimes very proud »

4 The students in my class are not very keen

5 Wearen't very interested

2 Words connected with crime

Use one of these words to complete the paragraph

sentence + criminal offence - judge

ransom + kidnapping + reward jury + arrest

There are many different kinds of crimes '

taking somebody away and demanding a 2

for their return, is a particularly serious 2

The police often offera+ _— ,whichis

sometimes quite a substantial sum of money, for

information leading to the 5 ofa

° „ IL nL alWayS €asy for a7 —_——_

to decide whether a suspect is guilty or not The

8 _ of a suspect often takes days, or even

weeks Having decided on their verdict, the jury do

not, however, have to decide how long a 9

to give That is the job of the

3 ul Adverbs of time and manner

Put the adverbs in brackets in the correct position

1 (well) The children speak Spanish

(quickly) Don't write so because it makes your writing difficult to read

(often) Our neighbours invite us over for a coffee

(badly) He pronounces his words so that you can’t,

understand what he says

(ever) Have you been to France?

(always) We go skiing in February

(neatly) He writes everything

(never) We seem to be able to find time to go to the swimming pool

4 all Vocabulary in use

1 procedure aan important or noticeable part

2 resemble b changed

4 feature d_unlikeanything else

Ề 5,5, altered e look like

SO“ "'@disciplined {highly developed

) 8 witness h someone who sees a crime

B_ Now use ơne of the words in A in the correct form to

wa turrgomplete these sentences

Children used to be much more when | went to school

2 What's the — if there is a fire?

3 Who do you — in your family?

4 I've never heard anything like that singer's voice It’s quite —

5 Now this new invention has several unusual —— ——

6 I didn't recognise him at first His appearance was,

5 What's the crime?

Write a word which has the same meaning as the definitions in 1-6 The first letter of each word is given

1 breaking in to steal something b

2 driving more quickly than the limits

3 killing unintentionally mo

4 killing intentionally - om

5 attacking and robbing violently

6 the act of stealing

6 Word stress Underline the stressed syllable on these verbs and nouns

1 appear appearance 6 develop de

2 punish punishment 7 inform” infor

3 apply application 8 re@pgise reo; -

4 add additional 9 comglete comes

5 identify’ identification 10 describe desepoe=

1 Mark ,Yesplease,[mlookingfor_ — pairofjeans

2 Assistant Hello Can | help you?

4 Assistant What size are you?

5 Mark Mike + black pair in the window

6 Assistant And which style do you prefer?

Dialogue 2

1 Kate ‘Yes, it is How did you get here?

2° Rachel- HiKate.IUS.CC — good party, isnt it?

3 Kate Icame by _ ”_ car Do you need _.' —

4 Care V'mnot sure | think you can take —

train through — ` mountains

Speaking

8 Queslion tags

Complete the question tags in sentences †-4

1 Fraud isa serious crime,\ ?

2 The thief robbed a bank, — ?

3 The bank has been robbed, ?

4 The sentence he received was for five years, ?

9 Giving definitions

Complete this dialogue using these phrases

—a_ would be enough

Ted You see this word ‘fraud’? What *

sally 2 ‘getting money illegally’

Ted Actually, | think robbery’sa serious crime,

Sally 4 Surely fraudis5 + — — than robberv?

Ted Well, what 6 Ca suitable punishment for

robbery?

Ted Don't you thinka short one®_! ?

Sally Well, maybe for the 9 _

10Giving an account

Student A: look at page 141 Student B: look at page 141 Writing

1W1€rror correction

Read this extract from a personal profile Some words are used incorrectly, others are missing, and there are other mistakes Can you underline and / or correct the mistakes?

on sheep farm 1'm sociable person by nature and 1 enjoy an outdoor life Theres plenty to do 1 live so1 never get bored My parents are both teacher but not

in the same school that Ì go to I'm good in Janguages but not so clever when it comes to science 1 intend to travel in abroad one day to see the rest of the world

Grammar

(choose the best answer for each gap, a, bor

Lost years

‘Imagine you have had a car accident, After the accident you

1 wake up in hospital and there are strange people around your bed

You ask them who they are, and they tell you they are your family

You suddenly 2 _ frightened You're sure yơu 2 these

people

‘This is what happened to 38-year-old Pam Halliday Six months

ago Pam 4 _ a bad car accident and lost part of her long-term

and short-term memory When she woke up Pam wanted 5 ———_

her parents, but both her parents had died several years before In

fact the last 15 years had completely disappeared from Pam's

‘memory She 6 her husband or her two teenage daughters

who rushed to her bedside The last thing Pam 7 remember

was working in a hotel as a waitress when she was 23 years old

‘When | asked for my parents someone told me they were dead,

says Pam ‘I thought ‘That § fue’ It was an awful

experience! “But the strangest thing was when 19 myself in a

mirror, she adds “| was horrified 1 1° myself as @ 23-year-old

and now suddenly 1 was old 1" _ accept what had happened?

Since then friends and family 12 to reconstruct Pam's

past for her ‘I have seen photographs of my family - thousands of

photographs - at frst 112 recognise the people? says Pam

“But now I '* who is who!

Pam's doctor is optimistic “There are signs that Pam's memory

5 _y hee says ‘Over the next few years she 16 regain the

majority of her past experiences’

“My husband Simon ‘7 incredible says Pam ‘When 1

yy ——— to him talk about things, 1 feel happy?

1@ wakeup b arewakingup c wokeup

2a feel b arefeeling c_ were feeling

3 a had never met b didntevermeet -c have never met

6 a doesn't recognise didn't recognise ¢ isn't recognising

7 a must b could c may

8 a aan'tbe b_ must be c mightbe

9 a wasseeing b haveseen c saw

10 a haveremembered b remembered c amremembering

1a cán b couldn't € mustnt

12 a tried b try have tried

15 a isreturning b returns returned

16 a hasto b maybe © might

17 a was b has been € might be

18 a waslistening (© amiistening listened

2 Choose the correct alternative for each reply 1

© Where's Graham?

# Fmnot sure He might be must be watching television

© Doyou want to go to university?

© Yes, but I have to / can pass my exams first

© Isit true that Peter broke his leg?

© Yes, he can't / doesn’t have to windsurf for three months

© Cantsmoke in here?

* No, you mustn't / don’t have to smoke

in the library

© Does Tim like Isabelle?

‘© He could / might He asked me forher phone number

© Did you enjoy going camping?

‘© Not really | had to / must get up at six ` every morning

‘© Do you need to make a phone call?

© Yes, Ido Can't / May | borrow your mobile phone?

© Why isn’t Dave coming to the concert?

‘¢ He's been working all day He ‘ must | has to be tired

Dreams often help /are often helping people solve their problems

When people see Andy for the first time, they think /are thinking he’s David Beckham

Jim is needing to / needs to practise if.he wants to win the tennis tournament

© Why isn’t Greg at the party?

¢ He's doing / does his homework Rob is always complaining / always complains about his job He should do

something about it

Mark prefers /is preferring ta play football rather than basketball

Who does this mobile phone belong to /is this mobile phone belonging to?

More and more people become /are becoming dependent on the laternet for

Vocabulary

4 Choose the correct meaning, a or b, for the verbs in italic

1 Maria offered to put Jack up while he was looking for a

flat

a tolerate ‘4b offer accommodation to

2 Louise made up a ghost story to entertain her friends

a invented b decided to tell

3 After his parents died, Brian had to bring up his

younger brothers and sisters

a leave b raise and look after

4 Mark offered to pick Pam up when she arrived at the

airport

a collect b take hold of

5 Rachel cleared up carefully after the party Her parents

were returning from holiday the next day

a tidied up b explained the problem

6 Sue put off going to university and worked abroad for a

year

a delayed going b decdednottogo

5 Complete each sentence with the correct form of one of

these words

HA perform apply construct» punish

organise appear ‘converse identify

1 When the witness made a positive

was arrested, py

2 John’s sudden at the party surprised everyone

Nobody expected him to come

3 W'sdifficult to havea with Rob, He's so shy

5 The of the new bridge over the River Thames

6 Karen completed her university — _ form and sent

7 The Red Cross is a charitable which helps

8 Many people agree that capital _ should no

1 Tina gets very — _, especially when she has to wait for someone

2 Itwasa rainy day The houses in the street looked grey

3 Drinking and driving isan _ thing to do— oy 2

_ 4 {tis to try and cheat in an examination

) 5 Dianeis quite -.Shewill say one thing and do another,

'7 ÌA witness is describing a bank robber to a police officer Complete the description with these words

stocky tall « fair « wavy - blue + short

Well, he was 1 metre 701 think, quite and big, mean 2 ‘Me looked dangerous 'd say he was in his

late 20s The colour of his hair? It was? 1 could see

it below his mask, although it was quite* _ No, it

wasn’t 5 ; it was straight, His eyes? Well, can't forget them, They were®_ — and verycold

Listening “©,

8 Listen to the first part of the recording Decide which of

A these statements the speaker makes Write yes or no next

to each one

1 Many dreams are about positive experiences

2 We can't control most of our dreams

3 People often dream about TV programmes “VQ

4 Psychologists think good and bad dreams are important —

5 Dreams help us find solutions to problems J B_ Now listen to the rest of the recording and complete

Length of dreams: from 1 _~

Number of dreams: up to?

What people want to know: 3 _

Usual dream topics: * , blocked passageways, rivers you can't „ hair and teeth disappearing

Significance of dreams wish to 6 _ , fear of7

3\owj9 ale s)ercoec

1 ' responsible } bartels fro & oe OPC! bealak

SIM 0 OTOL Le

quash 3 vowing olde

ehtot'on forna- Qw (lle

Ups and downs of the human race

These pictures show the

development of a human being

What is the main difference you

can see?

Can you think of any reasons

for the difference?

Skills

1 Timing your reading

The article on page 31 is shorter than the

‘one in Unit 2 See how long it takes you to

read it

> Understanding the text

Exam training

Scanning is reading through a text

quickly and stopping when you find the

information you are looking for This

helps you to ignore what is less important

in the text

Scan the text and answer these questions

1 What are human beings returning to?

2 What effect did the invention of

agriculture have on the diet of the

human race?

3 What effect did the climate have on the

development of humans?

4 According to some experts, what might

the future of the human race be? (There

are two possible answers)

Asummary sentence shows the main idea of the whole paragraph Read the |

whole paragraph before you decide which sentence san accurate summary |

‘A Read the article again and decide which sentence, a or b, is the better summary of paragraphs 1, 2, 3 and 4

1a Humans are now becoming taller and taller

b_ Humans are rapidly reaching the height they were long ago

2 a Ourancestors had a healthier, more varied diet b_ Ourancestors were never short of food

3 a Agriculture provided humans with more than enough food

b Agriculture affected the way human beings developed 1 cpeoe

4 a Humans change their size and shape according to theic environment

b, Global warming may have an effect on the development of humans

Vocabulary

4 Word search Look at the article again and try to find:

1 adjectives in paragraph 1 which describe

@ anormal amount or quality _b_being correct or exact

2 nouns in paragraph 2 which talk about

a all those who lived before us

b_ people who fed themselves in a certain way

3 adverbs in paragraph 4 which mean

a onlyalittle —b certainly

4 verbs in paragraph 5 which suggest the idea of arising very quickly b_ becoming smaller

5 Nouns, verbs and adjectives

‘These words and phrases are in the article Choose the

best meaning in context, a, b oF c

1 truly (line 3) 4 support (line 19)

a honestly a carry the weight of

(> really b_ give strength to

faithfully € , provide with the

2 disastrous (line 14) necessities of life

a unlucky 5 a couch potato (line 27)

b terrible a a boring person

© unbelievable <b alazy individual

3 taken over (line 15) can overweight adult

a removed 6 carry on (line 42)

b_ managed a behave strangely

occupied b lose your temper

7 c continuetodo_ ¿ 4

+6 Prepositions vetode

Use one of these prepositions to complete each sentence

with orsaLon off to in

1 When | look back — _ my childhood, | always

feelhappy > :

2 Eating too much junk food can result 1 ©)

people becoming overweight

3 We can be healthier by adding fresh fruit and

vegetables our diet

4 These shoes are too big 0 me

loved one

6 My brother is better _ Maths than 1am,

lhe

1 What are the disadvantages of being tall ina

modern world? What are the advantages?

What other things affected the development of

hyman beings in the past? What other things affect

our development nowadays?

What can we do to make sure that we do not end up

as couch potatoes? Why might the life of a couch

potato appeal to some people?

————

Too big for our poots? Ee, ten years, the a ` Yage person in Europe grows

bout another 13 millimetres Every year, more and jnore truly big people are born, So welcome to the high society, or, to be more accurate, welcome back to it

5 Tounderstand the reasons for this return to our former

height it is necessary to look back on our history For most

of our evolutionary past, ourgngestors got their food from

‘a wide variety of sources: while women were gathering herbs, fruits and berries, men were adding to our diet by

‘o killing wild animals One study found that the “hunter gatherers’ used to have a diet of 95 different plants, for example

‘Then, about 9,000 years ago, agriculture was invented — with disastrous results Most of our planet's green places

ve were taken over by farmers, which meant that just three plants - wheat rice and maize ~ became the staple diet of the human race This left us smaller and less healthy Still, agriculture spread because a piece of farmland could support ten times the number of people who lived off 1tas

zo hunter gatherers

\ During the last ide age, 10,000 years ago, people were slightly rounder and taller ~an answer to the cold |Larger,

Found bodies are undoubsedly better at keeping in the heat!

‘Since our climate began to get hotter, we appear to have (become slightly thinner and smalley As global warming

begins to take effect, we may shrink even further

Mankind’s future could be that of a couch potato, a lazy creature, with a taste for far too much junk food, comfortable sofas and home entertainment Some scientists say that not enough exercise will result in humans developing smaller skeletons and bodies which are too fat On the other hand, nowadays, in Europe,

‘America and Japan, diets are beginning to be what they were before

ss Asa result, heights in some countries are sqaring, Dut

the world has not yet been intelligent enough tơ côme to

terms with this A standard European bed length was fixed

in 1960, while the height of a door was decided in 1690, and both have remained the same ever since Even worse, the

se legroom in some planes and trains seems to have shrunk rather than grown The question is, where will itll end?

We cannot carry on growing for ever!

The Observer - Robin Mckie and Roger Tredre

Let’s focus on the past

Here are two scenes from a science fiction film What is happening in

Steven Spielberg's film Back to the Future!" “sin 1985 The

action? in the 1980 and 1950s In the film, teenager Marty

McFly * in time to 1955 He had to make sure that bi

mother and father" Two sequels wo the fim $A

in 1989 and 1990, ait

Test your knowledge!

Work with a partner Divide the verbs below into four groups

1 Regular verbs which add ed to form their past tense

2 Regular verbs which add d to form their past tense

3 Regular verbs which change y to ied to form their past tense

4 Irregular verbs What are.the irregular forms? 3

appear be becdme believe begin broadcast, build carhy

feel find get grow know leave make offer raise rise

Which regular verb endings do we pronounce /id/, /d/ or /t/2

Make sentences in the past tense using a word or phrase from the box +

in, on, at, or no preposition

Example

yesterday Sunday 6ơdock lastmonth two months ago

this morning 1998 the day before yesterday midday

mm astbirthday Christmas Eve Easter the holidays

1 What (be) unusual about the film?

When / it (be released)?

When / action (take) place?

Which year / Marty (go) back to When / sequels (appear)?

4 The past simple or the past continuous?

‘A Read the sentence below Which tense in bold do we often use:

1 toset the scene in a story? %

2 fora series of actions taking place one after another?»

When Marty returned to the 1980s, his parents ~ were living a different kind of life

ne wigter eveping a few years

‘ago, 1 walked down Oxford

Street in London when quite

by chance | ? wes 'meeting an old

friend We 3 were being pleased to

see each other so we 4 decided to

0 for a coffee in a restaurant on the

ther side of the road She 5 #45

seemitig very different on her hair

much darker thập | © wes

Yemembering We ! ossbd hotoud

when a strong wind suddenly ® wes

‘springing up My friend ® screamed +

“Oh, no!’ | © couldn't, understand why

until |" wes noticing a blatk furry bundle being carried by the wind

down the street It 12 was my-friend’s hair —a wig, actually She's an actress, you see, and she was on her way to

2 rehearsal So, there she Was,

chasing her wig down the midd £

of Oxford Street!

_m wax complete Slip’s answer? 6)

Tip Isit correct to say ‘When | was

studying English in London, 1

‘was meeting a famous actress

4 Match these statements about when to use the passive to sentences 1-6

4 We don’t know who or what did the action

b_ Both the action and the person or thing that did it are important

We probably know who or what did the action, but itis not

important, so we don't mention them

The film was produced by Steven Spielberg,

Abank in the city centre was robbed early this morning,

Latin was the language spoken in the Roman Empire

‘Aman was attacked in the city centre last night

This picture was painted by Monet

This car was made in Germany

hoose the correct form, active or passive, of the verbs in brackets

This book (write) in 1999

Who (direct) that film called Psycho? 4

The film (shoot) in Africa

The book (turn) iAto a film by Spietberg’a few years ago

ShakeSpeare (write) in English vote

=~\ odÔ

NOS

6 The right tense

Use one of these verbs in the correct form to complete the paragraph

attack build can come have -find happen {ive make

= not go park realise

Marty McFly's friend "_ a time machine One day, when he

2 his car in a shopping mall car park, he 3 “=: bya group of

terrorists Asa result, quite by accident, Marty * _ himself back 30

years in the past Marty's parents5 out with each other at that

time and Marty ® that they _ to fall for each other so that

7 The first or last time >

In small groups, ask each other about the first or last time you experienced

1 see an interesting film

© When was the last time you saw an

to take over the earth

2 teach someone how or learn how

4 dosomething

ina hurry

he #1" be born Marty eventually 97 _-ssure that this

and, when he "fue back to the present, his parents 12 _ 2

much more interesting life 8 Optional writing

EE Write a short paragraph about one of your

‹ L experiences Make alist of the verbs and

1 When do we use the past simple? tenses you need to use Try to include

2 What's the difference between the past simple and continuous? some passives

3 Why do we use the passive? Example

the present was made in / of the instructions were printed in , the letter was delivered by , the medal was presented by , the delay was caused by

———_`ễỐ a NENNEGŒEPB

1 Word building A Divide these phrasal verbs into two groups

Put the words in brackets into the correct form Check avers which mesg to think bout te Fae ah

your answers in a dictionary b_ verbs which mean to return or to return something

2 The _ of agriculture meant that man’s diet was on holiday

_Jess varied than before (develop) 3 The journey took longer than they thought By the time

3 In order to have a healthy diet, you should eat a wide they got back home it was dark ‘

——— of food (vary); _ 4 Pam didn't like hernew dress, so she took it back to the

4 Nowadays the average’ ”_ of a man is 1.80 metres shop:

(high), 5 The weather was so bad that the climbers had to turn 4

5 Rob's” _ to leave the football team surprised back and camp at the foot of the mountain

6 The earthquake caused a lot of _ Buildings were had some very happy times :

2 Words that go together 1 L usually take something back to a shop if

hị Choose the best answer, a, b, or ¢ to complete these 2 When I look at holiday photos, they bring back ~ 3 often get back home from school at {

a released b broadcast © held 4 Past simple and prepositions of time

2 The novel starts with a murder This, for the rest ofthe story the scene Rewrite the ven the correc frm compete the i Prepositions °

a gives b make resets sentences, then fill in the gaps with in, on, at, oF no

preposition

3 Assoon as Tom met Eva, he *_ for her It was love

at first sight

1 Paul (take)a trip to NewYork last week He (see) lots of interesting sights while he was there Kate's grandparents live near the sea She usually sees

4 Last night, the local bank was Police are them the summer holidays, but this year she

Ị 5 The window was broken _ accident Somebody They (watch) a romantic film together

it kicked a ball through it 4 When Karl (see) a UFO two weeks ago, he (telj

5 Mysister (come) tostay > Tuesday Her tfain wa

1 6 Our plane landed three hours late The delay was à AYeeiliel

l a made _ by bad weather b created Ocaused 6 Sarah (have) a job interview Y\ Friday The jue to arrive _ midday, but it was two hours

? company (offer) her the job _~ this moraing

7 The hit TV series Friends is in countries all over

a presented bybroadcast © played ‘A Use the verbs in the correct form to complete these

sentences

1 Theteacher (alk) about her weekend, whe

someone * (ask) her a question

2 Tom _ (waik} down the street when he —

4 Care

at the party

5_ The supermodel ‘(fall over) as she

(walk) along the catwalk

6 While they (climb) the mountain,

it (begin) to snow

7 We (drivé) to London when we

(run) in the park when |

(notice) something strange

Correct the mistakes in these sentences

1, When they were playing tennis it was

” beginning to rain

2 Tom wasn’t knowing that he was being

followed

3 When I was iving in Hollywood ! was

sometimes seeing famous actors

4 Paul was cooking dinner when the fire

5 I drove past the bank when I was seeing

the robbery

6 When Sue walked down the street, she

was hearing someone call her name

Active or passive?

Use the verbs in the correct form to

complete these sentences

1 Michael J Fox _ (star) in the film

Back tothe Future (

2 The first film about time travel t

(Retrelease) until 1960 spk

3 Millions of people (watch) the

* basketball match on television

4 Someone (steal) a valuable

painting from the museum

5 The criminal (sentence) to ten

6 Archaeologists (discover) the

remains of a roman fort

af Questions

You went to Hollywood last week When

you returned your friends asked these

questions Use the prompts to write the

questions

1 you/ (visit) a film studio?

2 Which actors / you (meet)?

3 you / (see) any films?

4 Which films / (be directed) by Steven

Spielberg?

When / Saving Private Ryan (be made)?

How / the special effects (be created)?

7 you / (be invited) to a premiére?

ten areal

& The right verb

Use the correct form of the verbs in brackets to complete this text.”

On the 28% December 1895, the first cinema,! wai opened

(open) in Paris Only 35 tickets? (sett) that day, but

by the end ofthe week more and more people > ch

(want) to see the moving pictures This first silent film ~

While the Lumiére brothers § S- \(make)'their first

film, H.G Wells ¢ = ¢writé}his famous science-fiction novel The Time Machine It was the first novel about time

travel,and (became} an instant best-seller It tells

the story of an adventurous Victorian inventor who travels

to 1917, 1940, 1966 and 802701! However, although it

5\ teomplete} in 1895, the book 9 WS got turn

audiences rushed to see it

Thirty years atter The Time Machine, other time travellers

(begin) to appear at the cinema In 1990 Michael

(take) his third trip into the future in Back

to the Future 3, while Arnold Schwarzenegger '3

(search) for his past in Total Recall Both films were box

office hits, and both '4 x (use) special effects to create

the journeys into the past and future These effects not

‘only amazed and entertained audiences,

but they also managed to turn, fantasy into reality

People !5

(can) finally

experience what it was like to travel through time

1 Canyou think of some other examples of nouns like this?

2 How do we make plurals of nouns which end in a vowel + y, e.g key?

3 Verbs which end in a consonant + y form other verb endings by

‘changing the -y to -ies or «ied How do we make other forms of verbs which end in a vowel + y, eg., Say, buy?

4 What do we change in verbs like stay or study when we add -ing?

Describe what you can see in the picture

How much do you know about this period in

history? Talk to a partner about:

1 what language the people spoke

What the people were like

what everyday life was like

what kind of things the people built what kind of entertainment they

Listening for specific information qu

Now listen again and make notes about

1-5

1 jobs that Jeff has done in his life

2 how much Jeff spent on Roman

Look at this photograph of Jeff What is

he holding? What is he wearing on his

head? What do you think his job is?

2 True or false? qu

Exam training

True or false? Read through the

statements carefully but never

decide before you listen whether they

are true or false You may think the

statement is true but it may not

Vowel sounds 4q) All the words on the left are in Jeff's talk Are the vowel sounds of the other words the sme? Which are different?

2 wear where were

and decide if these statements are true 4 took ‘soon moon

or false, 5 else tell help

1 Jeff has always done work connected with history 6 so know how

2~ Jeff took time off from his job to study Roman history 7 done sun + some

3- Jef[ gọt somebody else to make his Roman clothes and weapons 8 clothes cloth both

* 4 Jeff's original idea was to work mostly with tourists, 9 weapons weather whether

5 Jeff's talk helps people to understand why the Roman empire was 10 tour pour four

6 Jeff has.a special small-sized uniform for schoo! children to try on answers

` 3 Phrasal verbs — take off, give up, try on , disadvantages of living in each of these

\ Š 2 What other things 11 What took off when Jeff worked in the museum? ` + take off? monn, 1 Ronn , TOU help you, be the most interesting ideas and the phrases in How Do to relive Use these I ?t0,

om 3 What sorts of things can you take off? 9 Cite Tiving conditions very unhealthy

1 do people often give up? 48 @ families spent more time together ~~

6 What do children try on during Jeff's talk? + life very simple then

ƒ - 7 What other things can you try on? # young men left home to fight in the war

` B_ Use one of the verbs in the correct form to complete these sentences ‘* the world was a more exciting place

3 The plane late because of the storm each other

4) After several months of hard work, Simon’s computer company + no heating or running water

5 Ihate Shoes in shoe shops They are never the right size 5

6 Expressions Make comparisons

In what other ways can we bring history to life? Is it a good idea?

What does Jeff mean when he says he makes a living from being a Roman soldier? Could people make a living doing this sort of work in Itwas a bit/much/a lot (-er) than Iwas more than

your area? Itwasn'tas as

‘A Here are some pictures of other periods in history In groups of three, There wasn’tas much a8

On the one hand but on the other

aE" ~—

1 Do you know where these photos were taken? 2 Can you name these ere 2 Canyou name these famous walls? "3 Why were famous `3 Why were they buil e they built they

tC Good morning ladies and gentlemen,

and welcome to Hadrian’s Wall

Now before we begin our! Td

Tike to tell you something about sts ‹

history In 558¢, the Romans > ——

Briain and occupied most of the country

for around three hundred years: But they

Rhund, and most of Scotland remained

outside the Roman Empire ‘What's more,

the Romans fought many wars against the people if Scotland, so life neat the

bạtc the wall # —— they could protect themselves and keep the Scots out of ngland The wall is an important Legorical monument § ——— st stretches

it che way across the noxth of England aon the east to the west coast a total oF

117 kilometres © ——— its great 486

B Choose the best answer, a, b, cor d, to complete the talk

a travel b voyage ‘¢ tour = d

ee ds of a Roman fort at Housesteads 4a as — d achieved

Thope you will 8 the visit 5 a when : a hanh b Inspite ©)Despite d ou b because ¢ so 4 white

a lookup 7 see enjoy c delight watch — d_ look into d amaze

Steps to better writing

2 Thinking about your audience

+ Welcome your audience

Decide how you will do this Think about

1 the time of day (Good morning, afternoon, evening)

2 how to address the people in the audience (ladies,

gentlemen, children, boys, girls) Explain your plans and say you hope your audience will

enjoy the toury 1) i $

Complete the example sentences 1-6 with these words

a enjoy

are spending *

are going

interested in will

hope that you will all be _-_ what we are going to see

ouswna

3 Using articles > rue

A Invhis talk, the guide mentions Scotland and Hadrian's

Wall, Remember that we do not use an article fora

singular country, or when the name of a building starts

with a person's name Which of these buildings and

countries needs the?

Great Wall of China Buckingham Palace

Colosseum Poland United States An, Statue of Liberty

Big Ben

sears Tower kh

Ine

eNausunea

B_ Write three sentences like the one in the example about

famous buildings or monuments in your country

Writing your talk

4 Planning

A Work with a partner You are going to give a talk to visitors at a famous historical site in your country

First decide with your partner which place you are going

to talk about Use these phrases to help you

a

Make suggestions Let's choose

think sa good idea

‘© what to buy or make

5 Writing and checking Write your talk Use this checklist to help you

* Have you welcomed your listeners?

+ Have you given a brief history of the place?

+ Have you explained why the place is important? + Have you described everyday life in the place?

‘Have you thought of ways of making your talk interesting?

+ _ Haveyou included a map, photograph or picture?

Giving your talk

Giving a talk When you have to speak in a formal situation, it helps to take a few deep breaths before you begin Remember not to speak too quickly — imagine you are telling your listeners something new It also helps to

‘use pauses so that people can follow what you're saying

In small groups, give your talk to each other

A Before you begin, prepare a factfile for your partners to

fill in while they are listening to your talk Give each of

them a copy

8 When you have finished your talk, ask them to compare their factfile