Unlimited liability means that the creditors of a partnership have the right to require each partner to be personally responsible for all debts of the partnership.. All partners in a gen
Trang 12 Mutual agency means that each partner is an agent of the partnership and can commit it to contracts that are within the normal scope of its business
3 Yes, partners can limit the right of a partner Such an agreement is binding on members of the partnership It is also binding on outsiders who know of the agreement However, it is not binding on outsiders who do not know of the agreement
4 No, he does not have this right A partnership is a voluntary association and partners have the right to select the people with whom they associate as partners
5 If partners agree on the method of sharing incomes, but say nothing of losses, then any losses are shared in the same manner as income
6 The allocation of net income to the partners is reported on the statement of partners' equity
7 Unlimited liability means that the creditors of a partnership have the right to require each partner to be personally responsible for all debts of the partnership
8 All partners in a general partnership have unlimited liability A limited partnership includes both general and limited partners, and the limited partners have no personal liability for partnership debts Also, the general partners assume the management duties of the partnership
9 George's claim is not valid unless the previously agreed upon method of sharing net incomes and losses granted George an annual salary allowance of $25,000 Unless the partnership agreement says otherwise, partners have no claim to a salary allowance in payment for their services
10 No Kay is still liable to her former partners for her share of the losses
Trang 211 At all times in the accounting history of a partnership (or any organization), assets must equal liabilities plus equity When the assets are converted to cash, any gains
or losses are allocated to the capital accounts of the partners; and when creditors' claims are paid, assets and liabilities are reduced by equal amounts Therefore, when the remaining assets are in the form of cash, the amount of cash must equal the claims (equity) of the partners
12 The remaining partners should share the decline in their equities in accordance with their income-and-loss-sharing ratio
QUICK STUDIES Quick Study D-1 (10 minutes)
a The partnership will need to pay because it is a merchandising firm That is, if the vendor knows nothing to the contrary, the vendor can assume that Leon has the right, because of mutual agency, to bind the firm to contracts for the purchase of merchandise
b A public accounting firm is not in the merchandising business Consequently, because the purchase of merchandise to be sold is not within the normal scope of the business of this firm, the vendor has no right to assume Leon is acting as the agent for the partnership Hence, the partnership probably will not have to pay
Quick Study D-2 (15 minutes)
Stolton Bright Total Net income 52,000 Salary allowances
Stolton $15,000
Bright $20,000
Total salary allowances 35,000 Balance of income 17,000 Balance allocated equally
Stolton 8,500
Trang 3Quick Study D-3 (10 minutes)
If Blake is allocated a $100,000 salary allowance and there remains $4,000
to be divided equally, giving Matthai $2,000, then this shows that the partnership must have earned net income of $104,000
Quick Study D-4 (10 minutes)
Since Mourlan is a limited partner, he is not personally liable for any unpaid debts of the partnership Therefore, the partnership’s creditors cannot pursue Mourlan’s personal assets
Quick Study D-5 (10 minutes)
Choi, Capital 10,000
Amal, Capital 10,000
Stein, Capital 20,000
To record admission of Stein by purchase
Quick Study D-6 (10 minutes)
Cash 40,000
Kwon, Capital 40,000
To record admission of Kwon
Quick Study D-7 (15 minutes)
Total partnership return on equity = Net Income/Average equity
Trang 4EXERCISES Exercise D-1 (15 minutes)
4 Tax status of income Taxed only once
6 Ease of formation Requires only an agreement
7 Transferability of ownership Difficult to transfer
8 Ability to raise large amounts of capital Low ability
Trang 5Exercise D-2 (20 minutes)
a Recommended Organization: Sharif, Henry, and Korb might first consider organizing their business as a general partnership However, a problem for these new graduates is that they do not have funds and with
no past business experience will probably have trouble getting a business loan Therefore, instead of a partnership, a better course of action is probably to incorporate In this way they might be able to find investors to contribute capital for stock They can structure the financing so that they remain the major stockholders in the company Taxation: As a corporation, any income will be subject to corporate income tax Any dividends paid to the stockholders will also normally
be taxed, but at a much lower level Moreover, some lower income taxpayers could potentially pay little or no dividend tax Any salaries that Sharif, Henry, and Korb pay themselves will be a tax-deductible expense for the business
Advantages: Several key advantages to the corporate form include its limited liability and the potential to sell more stock if additional funds are needed
b Recommended Organization: The two doctors should form a partnership A general partnership will have the disadvantage of unlimited liability so they probably want to consider a limited liability partnership The partnership can borrow funds from the bank to obtain the initial needed capital for the business
Taxation: The owners will pay individual taxes on income earned by the partnership but the partnership will not be taxed
Advantages: The advantages of the partnership are ease of formation and owner authority
c Recommended Organization: Munson should consider setting up a limited partnership Given his real estate expertise, he can manage the day-to-day activities of the partnership and serve as its general partner
He can raise the necessary capital by admitting limited partners
Taxation: All partners will pay individual taxes on income distributed to
them, but the partnership entity will not pay income tax
Advantages: The advantages to Milan will be the authority over the partnership that he will have as general partner and the ease of raising capital
Trang 6To record initial capital investments
1b 2008
Oct 20 Eckert, Withdrawals 34,000
Kelley, Withdrawals 20,000 Cash 54,000
To record partners’ withdrawals
1c 2008
Dec 31 Eckert, Capital 34,000
Kelley, Capital 20,000 Eckert, Withdrawals 34,000 Kelley, Withdrawals 20,000
To close withdrawals accounts
Dec 31 Income Summary 90,000
Eckert, Capital 58,250 Kelley, Capital 31,750
To close Income Summary account.*
Trang 7($60,000 x 10%) 6,000 6,000 ($80,000 x 10%) 8,000 8,000 Total salary and interest 104,000 Balance of income 56,000
Balance allocated equally ($56,000)/2 28,000 28,000 56,000 Balance of income $ 0 Shares of each partner $84,000 $76,000
Trang 8($5,200)/2 (2,600) (2,600) (5,200) Balance of income _ _ $ 0 Shares each partner $53,400 $ 45,400
2 Net income $ (16,800)
Salary allowances $50,000 $ 40,000 90,000 Interest allowances
($60,000 x 10%) 6,000 6,000 ($80,000 x 10%) 8,000 8,000 Total salaries and interest 104,000 Balance of income (120,800) Remainder equally
$(120,800)/2 (60,400) (60,400) 120,800 Balance of income _ _ $ 0 Shares of each partner $ (4,400) $(12,400)
Trang 9First, Capital 5,100
To record admission of Madison
Supporting computations $510,000 + $120,000 = $630,000
Madison, Capital 88,500
To record admission of Madison
Supporting computations $510,000 + $80,000 = $590,000 $590,000 x 15% = $88,500 $80,000 - $88,500 = $(8,500) $(8,500) x 80% = $(6,800) $(8,500) x 20% = $(1,700)
Trang 10Cash 30,000
To record retirement of Tulip
* (5/8 x $30,000)
**(3/8 x $30,000)
Trang 11Exercise D-9 (30 minutes)
1
Initial investments $180,000 $240,000 $210,000 $630,000 Allocation of all losses
($630,000 - $60,000)/3 (190,000) (190,000) (190,000) (570,000) Capital balances $ (10,000) $ 50,000 $ 20,000 $ 60,000
To distribute remaining cash
3 a)
Aug 31 White, Capital 5,000
Blue, Capital 5,000 Red, Capital 10,000
To transfer deficiency to other partners
b)
Aug 31 White, Capital 45,000
Blue, Capital 15,000 Cash 60,000
To distribute remaining cash
Trang 12Exercise D-10 (30 minutes)
a Loss from selling assets
Total book value of assets $126,000 Total liabilities (before liquidation) $78,000
Total liabilities remaining after paying
proceeds of asset sales to creditors (28,000)
Cash proceeds from sale of assets (50,000) Loss on sale of assets* $ 76,000
* Alternative computation
1) $28,000 = $78,000 - Cash from assets’ sale
(This implies cash from assets sale is $50,000)
2) Loss on sale of assets = Book value of assets - Cash received
$76,000 x 1/10 (7,600)
$76,000 x 4/10 (30,400)
$76,000 x 5/10 _ (38,000) (76,000) Capital balances after loss $(5,100) $(16,400) $ (6,500) $(28,000)
c Liability to be paid
Each partner should pay the amount of the debit (deficit) balance in his
or her own capital account
Trang 13Exercise D-11 (30 minutes)
a Loss from selling assets
Total book value of assets $126,000 Total liabilities before liquidation $78,000
Total liabilities remaining after paying proceeds
of asset sales to creditors (28,000)
Cash proceeds from sale of assets (50,000) Loss on sale of assets $ 76,000
b Loss and deficit allocation
Turner Roth Lowe Total Capital balances before loss $ 2,500 $ 14,000 $ 31,500 $ 48,000 Allocation of loss
$76,000 x 1/10 (7,600)
$76,000 x 4/10 (30,400)
$76,000 x 5/10 _ (38,000) (76,000) Capital balances after loss (5,100) (16,400) (6,500) $(28,000) Allocation of Lowe's deficit
to Turner and Roth
$6,500 x 1/5 (1,300)
$6,500 x 4/5 (5,200) 6,500 _ Cash paid by each partner $(6,400) $(21,600) $ 0 $(28,000)
c Liability to be paid
As a limited partner, Lowe has no personal liability for the $28,000 liability Therefore, Turner and Roth must share the loss reflected in Lowe's capital account deficit as shown above
Trang 14PROBLEM SET A
Problem D-1A (50 minutes)
1
Dec 31 Income Summary 249,000
Kim Ries, Capital 83,000 Tere Bax, Capital 83,000 Josh Thomas, Capital 83,000
To close Income Summary
2
Dec 31 Income Summary 249,000
Kim Ries, Capital 62,250 Tere Bax, Capital 87,150 Josh Thomas, Capital 99,600
To close Income Summary*
*Supporting computations ($80,000/$320,000) x $249,000 = $62,250 ($112,000/$320,000) x $249,000 = $87,150 ($128,000/$320,000) x $249,000 = $99,600
3
Dec 31 Income Summary 249,000
Kim Ries, Capital 79,000 Tere Bax, Capital 72,200 Josh Thomas, Capital 97,800
To close Income Summary*
*Supporting calculations Ries Bax Thomas Total Net income $249,000 Salary allowances
Ries $66,000 Bax $56,000 Thomas $80,000 Total salaries 202,000 Balance after salary allowances 47,000 Interest allowances
Ries (10% on $80,000) 8,000 Bax (10% on $112,000) 11,200 Thomas (10% on $128,000) 12,800 Total interest 32,000
Trang 15Problem D-2A (45 minutes)
Watts = 10% x $42,000 = $ 4,200 Lyon= 10% x $63,000 = $ 6,300
Sharing Plan Calculations Watts Lyon
(d) Salary allowance $ 72,000
Interest allowances $ 4,200 6,300 50% x ($36,000 loss + $72,000
salary + $10,500 interest) (59,250) (59,250) Totals $(55,050) $ 19,050
Trang 16Problem D-2A (Concluded)
Sharing Plan Calculations Watts Lyon (a) 40% x $90,000 income $36,000
(d) Salary allowance $72,000
Interest allowances $ 4,200 6,300 50% x ($90,000 income - $72,000
salary - $10,500 interest) 3,750 3,750 Totals $ 7,950 $82,050
Sharing Plan Calculations Watts Lyon (a) 40% x $150,000 income $60,000
Trang 17Problem D-3A (40 minutes)
Part 1
Income (Loss)
(a) $450,000/3 $150,000 $150,000 $150,000 $450,000 (b) $450,000 x ($67,500/$750,000) 40,500
$450,000 x ($262,500/$750,000) 157,500
$450,000 x ($420,000/$750,000) _ _ 252,000
Total allocated $ 40,500 $157,500 $252,000 $450,000 (c) Net income $450,000 Salary allowances $ 80,000 $ 60,000 $ 90,000 (230,000) Balance of income 220,000 Interest allowances
10% x $67,500 6,750
10% x $262,500 26,250
10% x $420,000 42,000
Total interest (75,000) Bal of income 145,000 Balance allocated equally 48,333 48,333 48,333 (145,000) * Balance of income $ 0 Shares of partners partners $135,083 $134,583 $180,333
*
Rounding difference of $1
Trang 18Problem D-3A (Concluded)
Part 2
BBB PARTNERSHIP Statement of Partners' Equity For Year Ended December 31
Beginning capital balances $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 $ 0 Plus
Investments by owners 67,500 262,500 420,000 750,000 Net income
Salary allowances 80,000 60,000 90,000
Interest allowances 6,750 26,250 42,000
Balance allocated equally (32,000) (32,000) (32,000)
Total net income 54,750 54,250 100,000 209,000 Total 122,250 316,750 520,000 959,000 Less partners' withdrawals (34,000) (48,000) (64,000) (146,000) Ending capital balances $ 88,250 $268,750 $456,000 $813,000
Part 3
Dec 31 Income Summary 209,000
Bill Beck, Capital 54,750 Bruce Beck, Capital 54,250 Barb Beck, Capital 100,000
To close Income Summary
Dec 31 Bill Beck, Capital 34,000
Bruce Beck, Capital 48,000
Barb Beck, Capital 64,000
Bill Beck, Withdrawals 34,000 Bruce Beck, Withdrawals 48,000
Trang 19Problem D-4A (50 minutes)
To record withdrawal of Benson with bonus to
old partners
* [$138,000 - ($70,000 - $23,200 + $30,000)] x 3/8
**[$138,000 - ($70,000 - $23,200 + $30,000)] x 5/8
Trang 20Problem D-4A (Concluded)
$145,000 - $186,250 = $(41,250) Thus, a bonus is paid to new partner
c)
Feb 1 Cash 262,000
Meir, Capital ($46,500* x 3/10) 13,950 Benson, Capital ($46,500* x 2/10) 9,300 Lau, Capital ($46,500* x 5/10) 23,250 Rhodes, Capital 215,500
To record admission of Rhodes and bonus to old partners
* Supporting calculations ($600,000 + $262,000) x 25% = $215,500
$262,000 - $215,500 = $46,500 Thus, old partners receive a bonus