Introductory visualizing technology 5th by debra geoghan chapter 1

List the Various Types and Characteristics of Personal Computers 5.. List the Various Types and Characteristics of Multiuser Computers 7.. The Information Processing CycleInput • Raw d

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PowerPoint Presentation to Accompany

Chapter 1

What Is a Computer?

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1 Explain the Functions of a Computer

2 Describe the Evolution of Computer Hardware

3 Describe How Computers Represent Data Using Binary Code

4 List the Various Types and Characteristics of Personal

Computers

5 Give Examples of Other Personal Computing Devices

6 List the Various Types and Characteristics of Multiuser

Computers

7 Explain Ubiquitous Computing and Convergence

2

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Explain the Functions

of a Computer

Computers are programmable machines that convert raw data into useful information

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The Information Processing Cycle

Input

• Raw data, such as content entered in a form, is input

Proces s

• Raw data, when processed or manipulated, produces information

Storag e

• Information is stored for later retrieval

Outpu t

• Processed raw data – now information –

is returned to the user

O b j e c t i v e 1

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Describe the Evolution

of Computer Hardware

O b j e c t i v e 2

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First-Generation Computers

Resembled incandescent light bulbs

Emitted a lot of heat

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First-Generation Computers

O b j e c t i v e 2

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Second-Generation Computers

 Transistors replaced vacuum tubes in 1947

Revolutionized the electronics industry

 More powerful

 Smaller

 More reliable

 Reprogrammed in less time

O b j e c t i v e 2

Transistor

s

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Fourth-Generation Computers

 Microprocessor

Emerged in 1970s

Complex integrated circuit

that contains the central

processing unit (CPU), the

brain of a computer

First microprocessor was as

powerful as the ENIAC

O b j e c t i v e 2

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Moore’s Law

 Gordon Moore

1965

Number of transistors on an integrated

circuit doubled every two years

Prediction of continued exponential

growth

Current trend is closer to 18 months

Affects processing speeds and storage

capacity of modern electronic devices

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O b j e c t i v e 2

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Describe How Computers Represent

Data Using Binary Code

O b j e c t i v e 3

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Binary Code

Binary Number System: 1s & 0s

 Binary code has two possible states: on/off,

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Binary Code

Binary Number System: 1s & 0s

 ASCII – uses 7 bits and

represents 128 characters

With 8 bits there are 256 different

possible combinations (28)

 Unicode – extended ACSII

and represents over

100,000 characters

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O b j e c t i v e 3

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List the Various Types and

Characteristics

of Personal Computers

O b j e c t i v e 4

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Notebook Computers

 Portable personal computers

May use a stylus (a digital pen)

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Mac or PC?

MAC

ADVANTAGES

• Easy to set up and use

• Great multimedia capabilities

• Secure and stable

• Productivity and Entertainment software included

PC

ADVANTAGES

• Less expensive for similar configuration

• Can run many versions of Windows and Linux

• More configuration choices

• Preferred platform in most businesses

• Most computer games are only available for Windows PC

O b j e c t i v e 4

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 Ergonomic (proper) workspace:

Proper posture

Use a footrest

Elbows on armrest bent at 90°

Monitor below eye level

Frequent breaks

O b j e c t i v e 4

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 Improper workspace:

Can affect health, comfort, and productivity

Leads to discomfort and can result in

musculoskeletal disorders

O b j e c t i v e 4

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Give Examples of Other Personal

Computing Devices

O b j e c t i v e 5

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Video Game Systems and Simulations

 Game consoles: (Microsoft Xbox One, Sony

PlayStation 4, Nintendo Wii U)

High-end processors

High-end graphics capabilities

Play movies and music

Online game play

Browse the Internet

Use a game controller

O b j e c t i v e 5

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Video Game Systems and Simulations

PlayStation Portable (PSP) Vita)

Portable

Listen to music and view photos and movies

Chat and access the Internet over 3G or wireless

network

3D photo and graphic capability

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O b j e c t i v e 5

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List the Various Types and

Characteristics

of Multiuser Computers

O b j e c t i v e 6

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Servers (Cont.)

 Mainframes

Process millions of transactions a day

Found in businesses such as banks and insurance

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 Can be a single computer with multiple

processors or a group of computers working

together

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O b j e c t i v e 6

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Distributed and Grid Computing

Harnesses the power of

hundreds or thousands of computers

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O b j e c t i v e 6

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Explain Ubiquitous Computing

and Convergence

O b j e c t i v e 7

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Embedded Computers

 Embedded computers

Specialized computers

 Internet of Things (IoT)

Connection of the physical

world to the Internet

O b j e c t i v e 7

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• Mobile payment systems

O b j e c t i v e 7

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