Foundations of cost control by daniel traster chapter03

Which tools measure weight and which measure volume?. Three Methods to Convert Units• You only have to learn one • Choose the one that makes the most sense to you Unit Size Operation

Opening Questions

What is the difference between weight and volume?

Are they interchangeable?

Which tools measure weight and which

measure volume?

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Water Universal

Because of this constant, you can convert

between volume and weight on paper in

intermediate steps as long as you return to

the original type of measure (weight vs

volume) at the end.

Water is interchangeable at

1 pt = 1 # or 1 c = 8 oz

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Table 3.1

• Review table 3.1

• Which measures are American/British?

• Which are metric?

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Table 3.2 and Figure 3.1

• These facts must be memorized in order to

Three Methods to Convert Units

• You only have to

learn one

• Choose the one

that makes the most sense to you

Unit Size Operation Technique

Dimensional Analysis

Left/Right

Operation

Technique

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Unit Size-Operation Technique

Going from a larger

size unit to a smaller

one, multiply the

number (to get more of

those tiny units)

Going from a smaller size unit to a larger one, divide (to get fewer of the big units)

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Example 3a

Pounds (big) to ounces (small) Unit down, number up = multiply Ratio is 16 oz = 1#, so multiply by 16

2.25 # X 16 = 32 oz

How many ounces are in 2 ¼ pounds?

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Larg e

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Larg e

Moving to the right (small to large) =

divide

Moving to the left (large to small) =

Example 3d

Going from L to mL, move left to right =

multiply

1 L = 1000 mL 0.75L X 1000 = 750 mL

How many mL are in ¾ L?

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Example 3f

(requires intermediate step)

1000 mL = 1 L and 1 L = 33.8 oz Move oz to L (left to right) = divide

16 oz ÷ 33.8 = 0.47337 L (don’t round on an intermediate step)

Move L to mL (right to left) = multiply 0.47337 X 1000 = 473.37 or 473.4 mL

How many mL are in a 16 oz bottle of water?

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Dimensional Analysis

1 Write the ratios as fractions

2 Orient the fractions to the units cancel (each denominator’s unit is the same as the

preceding numerator’s unit)

3 Multiply the fractions

4 Any units not canceled out remain in the

answer in their same position (numerator or denominator)

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Example 3g

How many L does 2 ¾ pt represent?

To compute, enter the starting number in a calculator Then multiply by the numerators

and divide by the denominators.

Why are Recipes Converted?

• Chef may have a recipe using metric (or

British) units but the kitchen tools only

measure in the other system’s units

• Chef has converted a recipe’s yield, and it is

more practical to measure the ingredients in different units

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How to Adjust a Recipe’s Yield

Calculate a conversion factor (CF)

STEP 1: You must know the original (old) yield

and the desired (new) yield for the recipe

=

C F

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Conversion Factor

If the portion size of the recipe changes, you must calculate the total weight (or volume) of each recipe’s yield before using the conversion factor formula.

Total Yield = total portions X

portion size

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Example 3j (cont.)

The formula only works if the units for

new and old yield match.

3.4375 or 3.44

How to Adjust a Recipe’s Yield

New Ingredient Quantity = Old Ing Q X CF

The biggest challenge is converting the unit to

make the new ingredient quantity measurements practical in the real world.

STEP 2: Multiply the conversion factor times

each ingredient in the recipe to get a recipe that will produce the new yield

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Example 3k

Chicken Piccata

Yield = 100 portions

  Chicken breast, boneless, 4 oz, pounded flat 100 ea Flour, all-purpose 2 ¼ # Butter 3 # Lemon juice 1 qt Chicken stock 2 ½ qt Capers, drained, 28 oz jar 1 jar Parsley, chopped fine 1 ½ c

Convert the following recipe to serve 12 portions

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Example 3k

Chicken Piccata Yield = 12 portions

Item Old CF New

(Old X CF)

Unit Ratio Units Adjusted

0.48 or ½ c

OR 3.84 or 4 oz

Chix Stock 2.5 qt 0.12 0.27 qt 1 qt = 4 c

OR 1 qt = 32 oz

Notes on 3k Solution

• No unit conversion for “each.”

• Rounding depends on measurement tools

available.

• Lemon juice and stock convert to oz only

because they are mostly water.

• Non-standard ratios (1 jar = 28 oz) are

learned from labels or a kitchen test.

• Choice of unit and how much to round can

impact precision of the measurement.

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