BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM 11 u916 MLH

possible Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; substitutes the underlined part; or has a close meaning to the original one.. If you live on a boat, the post

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UNIT 9 1 THE POST OFFICE

T E S T 1

Choose the word which is stressed differently from the rest

1 a relative b telephone c spacious d deliver

3 a convenient b recipient c transm ission d possible

Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; substitutes the underlined part; or has a close meaning to the original one

6 Mrs Pike has just bought some k itc h e n for her new house

7 Thank you for phoning when I was ill It was v e r y o f you

a think b thought c thoughtful d thoughtfully

8 Thanks to the progress of science an d , human life has become better and better

a technology b technological c technologically d technician

9 I would like to send these le t t e r s air mail

13 That post office provides us w ith best services w it h _ well-trained staff

a the / a c 0 / the c a / the d the / 0

14 He was a kind and courteous mailman

%a polite b strict c unpleasant d rude

15 Without more training or advanced technical skills, they’ll lose their jobs,

a out o f date b backward c up to date d old

16 There was a _ _ _ _ parking area to cater for the tourist trade,

a thoughtful b courteous c possible ' d spacious

17 Newspapers and magazines are often delivered early in the morning,

a offered b given c provided H i distributed

18 Because the doctors and nurses acted properly and quickly, the baby was operated successfully

a cheaply b prom ptly c conveniently d usefully

19 If you want to send a document and do not want to lose its original shape, our facsim ile service will help you

20 She had been assisted by a stranger her motor and drove her to safety

a who started b whom starting c starting d that will start

9 8 bAi t a p t r a c n g h i e m t i e n g a n h i i • phA A Ap

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21 With our senses, we perceive e v e ry th in g

a is around us b that is around us

c whom is around us d whose is around us

22 The volunteers, _ enthusiasm was obvious, finished the work quickly

23 The musicians _yesterday have played together for many years

a to who we listened b who we listened to

c to that we listened d to whom we listened

24 Many scientists have claimed th a t like music are often good at mathematics

a children b children who c children whom d whose children

25 The student had an impressive record

a the prize was awarded b that the prize was awarded

c to whom the prize was awarded d who the prize was awarded

26 Those have used our services for more than one year can enter the competition

27 I think it was your Dad

a phoned b phoning c that phoned d which phoned

28 That man is a newcom er in our company Do you know him?

a That man is a newcom er in our company Do you know whom?

b That man who is a newcom er in our company Do you know him?

c Do you know him that man is a newcomer in our company?

d Do you know that man who is a newcom er in our company?

29 Yesterday I went t o I had never been to before

a Thanh Ba Post Office, that b Thanh Ba Post Office where

c Thanh Ba Post Office which d Thanh Ba Post Office, which

30 She has two grown children, both o f live abroad

Choose the best sentence that can be made from the cues given

31 yesterday / I / go / Thanh Ba Post Office / send some money / my brother / the city

a Yesterday I went to Thanh Ba Post Office where to send some money to

my brother who was in the city

b Yesterday I went to Thanh Ba Post Office to send some money to my brother in the city

c Yesterday when I went to Thanh Ba Post Office sending some money to

my brother in the city

d Yesterday I went to Thanh Ba Post Office and sending some m oney to

my brother in the city

32 I / arrive / 7 am / the post office / open

a W hen I arrived at 7 a.m., the post office which had just been opened

b W hen I arrived at 7 a.m., the post office had just been opened

c I arrived at 7 a.m when the post office had just been opened

d I arrived at 7 a.m at the time the post office had just opened

33 the staff / help / me / send the money / very helpful and courteous

a The staff helped me to send the money were very helpful and courteous

b The staff that helped me to send the money which were very helpful and courteous

U NIT 9: T H E P O S T OFFIC E 99

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c The staff whom helped me to send the money they were very helpful and courteous.

d The staff that helped me to send the money were very helpful and courteous

34 the service / good / only two hours later / my brother / phone / he had received the m oney

a The service was so good that only two hours later my brother phoned me

to say that he had received the money

b The service which was such a good that only two hours later my brother phoned me to tell that he had received the money

c The service was such good that only two hours later my brother phoned tctell he had received the money

d The service was so good that only two hours later when my brother phoned to tell that he had received the money

35 I / satisfied / the service / Thanh Ba Post Office

a I was satisfied with the service o f Thanh Ba Post Office

b So that, I was satisfied with the service o f Thanh Ba Post Office

c Nevertheless, I was satisfied with the service o f Thanh Ba Post Office

d I was satisfied with the service o f which Thanh Ba Post Office

Read the passage carefully and choose the correct answer

Even where there is an efficient ‘door-to-door’ delivery system, there are additional advantages in using Post Office (PO) boxes There are certain conveniences for using PO boxes

PO boxes allow mail to be picked up when sorted, rather than when it is delivered to the physical address, which will be some hours later

A mail user who regularly receives large parcels or items that must be signed for may find it convenient to pick up the rest of the mail at the same time

A mail user who moves frequently can keep a m ailing address

A mail user may desire a more famous or prestigious address For example,

in Washington, D.C., many large P.O box facilities are located near or even outside city limits

A business receivin g large volumes o f mail may m aintain separate post office boxes for separate departments, such as one for sales, one for customer service, to reduce the need to sort internally

PO boxes are m ore secure than many home m ailboxes, preven ting mail theft and identity theft

If you live on a boat, PO boxes can serve as your address, but are not necessary

36 A PO box is m ore convenient for a mail user who frequently moves,

37 If you use a PO box, you can get your mail earlier than you use a door-to- door delivery system

38 Home m ailboxes are surely opened by mail thieves

39 Each business can rent only one PO box

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40 If you live on a boat, the post office does not allow you to rent a PO box.

Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase

A post office is ( 4 1 ) authorized by a postal system for the posting, receipt,sortation, handling, transmission or (42) o f mail Post offices offer mail-related services (43) post office boxes, postage and packaging supplies (44) _ _ addition, some post offices offer (45) postal services such as passportapplications and other government forms, money orders, and banking services.Post offices also ( 4 6 ) post-office boxes to people and businesses ( 4 7 ) _prefer not to have mail delivered to their home or office, or who live or stay at addresses to ( 4 8 ) mail delivery is not ( 4 9 ) _

The back rooms o f a post office are a place (50) mail is processed fordelivery Mail may also be processed in other post offices that are not open to the general public

41 a services b equipment c sending d m ailing

TEST 2

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from tl

2 a equipped b delivered c transferred d received

5 a transfer b newspaper c thousand d relatives

6 What is y o u r in life? - Going out with friends and enjoying delicious foods

7 You can pay for the goods o n

a deliver b delivery c deliverable d delivering

8 Those telephone com panies have launched m ajor cam paigns to increasetheir number o f

a subscribe b subscription c subscribers d subscribing

9 Most schools and universities are now eq u ip p ed surveillance camerasand other security measures

U N IT 9: T H E P O S T O F F IC E 1 0 1

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10 I had asked everyone to submit questions _ _ _ _ _ advance o f the meeting,

11 It would be more co n v e n ie n t you if you used the Express Mail Service

12 Those letters were sent b y surface mail

13 is used to describe special services in which things are sent or dotrfaster than usual for a higher price

a Express b Message b Distribution d Press

14 I wish you a speedy recovery from your illness to return to work soon,

a thoughtful b gradual c courteous d quick

15 John often uses Express M oney _ to send money to his parents in the countryside

16 The M essenger Call Service helps you to notify the recipient of the time and place to receive the call

17 F a x has become more and more popular because it is cheap and convenient

a exchange b distance c sending d transm ission

18 Someone sent you a parcel this m orning and I put it on your table,

19 The class treasurer, _ , announced the balance o f the account

a to whom we gave the m oney b to that we gave the money

c whose we gave the m oney to d whom we gave the m oney

20 The engineers designed the building received an award

21 is one o f the m ost important capitals in the world

a London, that the place I was bom b London, which I was born

c London, I was born, d London, where I was born,

22 Express Money Transfer is one of the quickest w ay s helps us to send money

23 Do you rem em ber the t i m e we first visited London?

24 Sunday is the d a y few people go to work

25 Do you know the r e a s o n she quit her job?

26 The governm ent sent m oney and food to the p e o p l e houses weredestroyed by the storm last week

27 I will never fo r g e t he said he loved me

c the m om ent when d the moment in that

28 It is very difficult to integrate yourself into a co m m u n ity is quitedifferent from yours

a whose culture b the culture that c which culture d that culture

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29 He often finds fault with he describes as having no talent.

a John Smith, whom b John Smith, that

c John Smith, whose d John Smith who

30 The scheme is designed to help children have fallen on hard times

a that parents b which parents c parents of which d whose parents

over the entire distance from San Francisco to New York

34 In 1930, more than 10,000 trains which were used for m oving the

In early colonial times, correspondents depended on friends, merchants, and Native Americans to carry messages between the colonies However, most correspondence ran between the colonists and England, their mother country It was

a very hard work to handle so many letters like that In 1639, the first official notice o f a postal service in the colonies appeared The General Court of Massachusetts designated Richard Fairbanks’ tavern in Boston as the official place of mail brought from or sent overseas, in line with the practice in England and other nations to use coffee houses and taverns as mail drops Local authorities operated post routes within the colonies Then, in 1673, a monthly post was set

up between New York and Boston The service was o f short duration, but the post rider’s trail became known as the Old Boston Post Road, part o f today’s U.S Route 1 W illiam Penn established the first post office in 1683 In the South, private messengers, usually slaves, connected the huge plantations

After the Boston revolution in September 1774, the colonies began to separate from the m other country A Continental Congress was organized at Philadelphia in May 1775 to establish an independent government One o f the first questions before the delegates was how to convey and deliver the mail

36 In early colonial times,

a the English did not know how to write a mail

b merchants were not allowed to send letters

c the US was the m other country of many colonies

d England had many colonies

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37 The first place which was used as a post office was

a a tavern b a big house c an official place d a coffee house

38 In 1673, letters were sent from New York and Boston, and vice versa _ a month

a once b twice c three times d four times

39 The first post office was set up in

40 A ccording to the passage, had to work as a mailman between thehuge plantations

a delegates b governors c messengers d slaves

In many countries, (41) in Africa and the Middle East, there is nc

‘door to door’ ( 4 2 ) o f mail For example, ( 4 3 ) _ one post a letter to astreet address in Namibia, it will be (44) to sender as undeliverable.Consequently renting a post office box has traditionally been (45) onlyway to receive mail in (46) countries, although some, like Jordan, arenow introducing home delivery

Generally, post office boxes are rented from the post office either by individuals (47) _ _ _ _ _ by businesses on a basis ranging from m onthly to annual.and the cost of rent varies depending (48) the box size In the US, therental rate used ( 4 9 ) _ the same across the country Now, however, apostal facility can be in any o f seven fee groups by location; in ( 5 0 ) certain customers qualify for free box rental

41 a hardly b particularly c gradually d certainly

42 a delivery b receiving c sending d service

1 a document b newspaper c competitive d favorite

2 a technology b distribution c delivery d facsim ile

5 a graphic b subscribe c transmit d receive

6 She was given the award for a lifetim e o f p u b lic

a serve b service c servant d serviceable

104 B A l T A P T R A C NGHI&M TIE N G AN H 11 • P h A n BAl T A P

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7 To become a novelist, you must be

a imagine b im agination c im agining d im aginative

8 Can you let me have the _ o f your report? I can’t read this photocopy

a origin b original c originally d originate

9 I received that p a rce l my sister this morning, but I have not opened it yet

10 Cunningham sent a note me thanking me for dinner

11 Could you please help me mail delivery?

12 Britain has still been proud of the cheapest postal

13 The post is the public service or system by which letters and

collected and delivered

14 The winner will be notified bv post

a sent quickly b acted thoughtfully c limited strictly d inform officially

15 A consultation paper has b e e n on the Internet inviting input from Net users

16 If you go to the post office, please post these letters

17 She f e l t and protected when she was with her parents

a thoughtful b secure c spacious d convenient

18 Opening the present , she was trem bling with excitement

a her sweetheart had sent her that b her sweetheart had sent her

c to that her sweetheart had sent her d whose her sweetheart had sent her

19 My friend, I visited last week, is taking a holiday soon

20 My brother who lives a b r o a d

a returns to see us b returning to see us

c that returns to see us d where returns to see us

21 He bought the p r e s e n t from a souvenir shop in Paris

a that he gave me b that he gave me it

c that he gave it to me d he gave me it

22 The doctor are exam ining a p a tie n t was taken to hospital last night

2-3 The p a r k I used to jo g in has been demolished

24 Finding a cure for cancer is one of the biggest challenges medicalresearchers face

25 Money is a l l many people consider to be the aim of their life

26.1 have to leave for London tomorrow, means I cannot go to the party with you

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27 The film was about three young girls, are policewomen.

a whom all b all o f who c all o f whom d all o f that

28 has just won an international scholarship

a David Pike, whose parents are both teachers,

b David Pike whose parents are both teachers

c David Pike parents o f who are both teachers

d David Pike, whom parents are both teachers

29 Is there a n y th in g ?

a I can do to help you that b with that I can do to help you

c that I can do to help you with it d I can do to help you

30 Money is not r e a l l y they have often quarreled

a a reason which b a reason that c a reason, why d a reason why

31 I / write / express / some ideas / the services o f your Post Office

a I wrote to express some ideas on which the services of your Post Office

b I have written to express some ideas on the services which is of your Post Offi

c I am writing to express some ideas on the services of which is your Post Offi

d I am writing to express some ideas on the services of your Post Office

32 high quality equipment / your Post Office / the best in the area

a To buy high quality equipment, your Post Office is the best in the area

b High quality equipment which makes your Post Office seems to be t best in the area

c With high quality equipment, your Post Office seems to be the best in the

d High quality equipment, your Post Office to be the best in the area

33 I / satisfied / the staff / polite and helpful

a I am so satisfied that with the staff, who are often polite and helpful

b I am very satisfied with the staff, that are often polite and helpful

c I am quite satisfied with the staff, who are often polite and helpful

d I am too satisfied with the staff, which are often polite and helpful

34 the prices o f the services / reasonable / every pockets

a The prices o f the services which are reasonable for every pockets

b As the prices o f the services are reasonable for every pockets

c I think the prices o f the services are reasonable for every pockets

d I think the prices o f the services that are reasonable for every pockets

35 your Post Office / serve / better and better

a I want your Post Office will serve better and better

b I hope your Post Office that will serve better and better

c I hope your Post Office will serve better and better

d I wish your Post Office will serve better and better

Between the Revolutionary period and the World W ar I, the United Star post office was set out to improve transportation of the post office mails Fro those early days to the present, the post office has helped develop and subsidi every new mode o f transportation in the United States Transportation has been

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the most important element in mail delivery Even when the general public had still suspected o f the security of a new means o f transportation, the post office experimented with inventions that offered potential for m oving the mail faster, occasionally suffering embarrassment, ridicule, or even abuse in the process.

As mail delivery evolved from foot to horseback, stagecoach, steamboat, railroad, automobile, and airplane, with intermediate and overlapping use of balloons, and helicopters, post office mail contracts ensured the income necessary to build the great highways, rail lines, and airways that eventually spanned the continent

By the turn o f the 19th century, the U.S Post Office had purchased a number of stagecoaches for operation on the nation’s better post roads - a post road being any road on which the mail travels - and continued to encourage new designs to improve passenger comfort and carry mail more safely

36 The passage is a b o u t

a transportation o f the Post Office in the US

b the Post Office in the Revolutionary period

c the Post Office in the W orld War I

d transportation and public ideas

37 According to the passage, the main purpose of the Post Office i s

a to develop transportation

b to apply new means o f transportation

c to deliver mail as safely and fast as possible

d to subsidize every new mode o f transportation

38 Which means of transportation used in the Post Office is NOT referred in the passage?

39 The Post Office

a has never used helicopters in delivery

b contributes incom e to build highways, railroads, and airways

c has never been the first to use a new means o f transportation

d makes no contribution to build roads

40 Any road on which the mail travels is c a lle d

a m otorway b highway c national road d post road

Post Office service is (4 1 ) developing with some certain inventions

The first envelopes were made ( 4 2 ) cloth, animal skins, or vegetableparts The Babylonians (43) their messages in thin sheets o f clay (44) were then baked

In 1653, a Frenchman, De Valayer (45) _ _ _ a postal system in Paris Heset up mail (46) and delivered any letters placed in them if they usedenvelopes (47) only he sold (48) enemy put live mice into theletter boxes and ruined De Valayer’s business

A schoolm aster from England, Rowland Hill ( 4 9 ) the adhesive postage stamp in 1837, an act for ( 5 0 ) he was knighted Through his effortsthe first stamp in the world was issued in England in 1840 Hill created the first uniform postage rates that were based on weight, rather than size

U N IT 9: TH E P O S T O FFICE 107

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41 a more b more and more c the more d the most

45 a established b erected c rebuilt d discovered

TEST YOURSELF C

3 a fam ily b different c religion d interesting

4 a celebrate b important c usually d difficult

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the

Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; substitutes the

underlined part; or has a close meaning to the original one

11 _is a way of behaving or a belief which has been established for a long time

a Celebration b Custom c Practice d Religion

12 People often gather before m idnight to welcome the New Year

a come together b go apart c come into being d get out

13 On the first day o f the New Year p e o p le each other “Happy New Year”

14 You should make certain that everyone understands your instructions,

a safe b interesting c different d sure

15 is the b elief in and worship of a god or gods, or any such system ofbelief and worship

a Religion b Tradition c Celebration d Practice

16 In some cultures, people embrace each other to show their love and sympathy

17 I am v e r y in knowing more about the customs o f many countries

a interest b interested c interesting d interestingly

18 Can you please tell me t h e between Vietnam ese New Y ear’s celebration and Chinese one?

a different b differently c difference d differ

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19 He tried to get into teacher training college but with no

20 Your belief o f religion is quite different _mine

21 What do you like to do best _ _ _ _ New Year’s Eve?

24 Y ou know that little Italian restaurant.’ I m entioned in my letter?’

a The one which b One that c The ones which d The one whom

25 She’s one o f love to be the centre of attention

26 I had not seen for a long time, came to attend Peter’s wedding

a Many o f my old classmates b Many o f my old classmates, whom

c Many of my old classmates, that d Many o f my old classmates whom

27 If his office had called, _?

a did he return to work b would he return to work

c he would have returned to work d would he have returned to work

28 She would not have left early if s h e a good reason

a does not have b did not have c has not have d had not had

29 We do not go out because o f the rain

a We will go out i f it does not rain

b We would go out if it did not rain

c We would have gone out if it had not rained

d We would not go out if it had not rained

30 in your position, I would have another check

a If I am b Unless I was c W ere I d Was I

31 Keep s ile n t I will send you out

32 Without air and water, human beings _

a will not survive b do not survive

c would not survive d would not have survived

33 It is an Australian co m p a n y features a red kangaroo

a logo b whose logo c the logo which d which logo

34 This the third in a sequence o f three books, the first o f I really enjoyed

35 They intend to repair their house, was flooded with water

a whose basement b that basement c the basement that d which basement

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37 At that time, all commercial centers are very crowded with people

Awho comes to buy food and things to prepare for Tet

To Vietnamese people, New Year’s Eve is the most sacred time o f the year Therefore, the first houseguest to offer the first greeting is very important If thai particular guest has a lot of good luck and is wealthy, well respected, well educates, successful, famous, etc., then the family believes that they will receive luck ar.:

good fortune throughout the year The belief of xong dat still remains nowadays,

especially among families with businesses

Flower buds and blossoms are the symbols for new beginning These twc

distinctive flowers are widely sold and purchased during Tet Hoa Mai are the yellow apricot flowers often seen in Southern Viet Nam Hoa Mai are more adapt

able to the hot weather o f southern regions, thus, it is known as the primary

flower in every home Hoa Dao are the warm pink of the peach blossoms that

match well with the dry, cold weather from the North Tet is not Tet if there is nc

sight o f Hoa Mai in the South or Hoa Dao in the North in every home.

41 Vietnamese people expect very much from the first houseguest on New Year’s Eva

42 Any first houseguest who is poor and unsuccessful can get a warm welcome,

43 All flowers are used for decorating houses

44 Many Vietnamese people who live in the South like Hoa Dao very much,

45 Hoa Dao is pink.

One o f the ( 4 6 ) o f Tet is cleaning and decorating houses Houses areoften cleaned and decorated before New Y ear’s Eve The kitchen needs (47) before the 23rd night o f the last month (48) , the head o f thehousehold cleans the dust and ( 4 9 ) from the ancestral altars Somepeople may (50) their house and decorate with festive items

( 5 1 ) new clothes is often ( 5 2 ) _ exciting part o f the VietnameseNew Year ( 5 3 ) children Parents usually purchase new clothes and shoesfor their children a month prior to the New Year (54) , children cannotwear their new clothes ( 5 5 ) the first day o f the New Year and onward.The best outfit is always worn on the first day o f the year

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46 a habits b customs c symbols d odds

47 a to clean b clean c cleaning d cleaned

48 a Usually b Strangely c Luckily d Excitedly

50 a recover b repaint c recollect d remind

TEST 1

1 a endanger b disappear c prohibit d destruction

4 a condition b pollutant c however d influence

6 Many organizations have been set up and funds have been raised,

a established b collapsed c delayed d decreased

7 The number o f rare animals is decreasing rapidly

8 A species o f animal or plant that is no longer has any living members, either in the world or in a particular place

9 Those who concern are very worried about t h e _

a disappearance b establishment c supply

10 Because o f people’s with the environment, many kinds o f plants andanimals are becom ing rare

a supply b survival c influence d interference

11 Tropical forests have supplied us with many sorts o f plants for food, m edicine, and industry

a affected b influenced c changed d provided

12 It is estim ated that only 1,000 pandas remain in wild

13 England was one o f the first countries t o

a industry b industrial c industrialize d industrialization

14 T h e ir is rejected due to some problems o f pollution

a suggest b suggestion c suggestive d suggestible

15 We all regard pollution as a matter to human beings

a serious b seriously c seriousness d seriousful

U N IT 10: N A T U R E IN D A N G E R 111

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16 Human beings are adding more and more pollutan ts _ the environmen:

17 You should make s u r e what you have just told us

18 Forest destruction results floods and air pollution

19 It is automobile industry contributes the most greenhouse gas emissions into the atmosphere

20 many species o f animals have become extinct

a There are many reasons for which b Many reasons for which

c The reasons for that d For which reasons

21 We should do som ething to save those animals hunted for their fur

or for other valuable parts o f their bodies

a those are b which are c which is d that is

22 Farmers use more and m ore _ them to grow better crops but harm the environmer.:

a powerful chem icals who help b which powerful chem icals help

c powerful chem icals which help d powerful chem icals help

23 W ater is one o f the most precious reso u rce s for our life

a we depend on which b which we depend

c on which we depend d on that we depend

24 _ are very dense, warm, and wet, are havens for millions of plants and animal;

a Rain forests b Rain forests, that c Rain forest, where d Rain forests, which

25 The farmers and their cattle _ had been trapped in the storm fortunately rescued

26 Nowadays, city dwellers, enjoy a lot from the m odern material lifehave to suffer from pollution the most

27 Do you know that environm entalist _ ?

a with whom I used to work b with that I used to work

c with I used to work d with who I used to work

28 Rain forests influence the Greenhouse effect, traps heat inside theEarth’s atmosphere

29 The local authority banned us from going near the forest _ there is a serious fire

3 0 _ once roam ed the jungles in vast numbers, were estim ated to becomeextinct by the year 2025

a Bengal tigers b Bengal tigers, which

c Bengal tigers, that d Bengal tigers which

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32 Any country that has to cope with overpopulation, hunger, and poverty,

Recent research reveals that the degradation of agricultural soils, forests, woodlands, coastal fisheries, and wildlife resources is more and more serious The majority o f the estimated costs of environmental degradation comes from forests and natural resources are being depleted at an alarming rate More than 50% o f the original forest has been converted to agricultural land by slash-and-bum Despite land expansion, productivity has declined because of soil erosion Fish, timber, and non-timber forest product stocks are decreasing As a result, coastal towns have begun to experience severe water shortages Hydropower is dropping Wildlife populations and biodiversity are in serious decline and many species face extinction Poor forest management and soil degradation result in huge economic losses The degradation of water increases the costs and reduces the quality of both water and power The prospects for economic development and poverty reduction are dependent on natural resources Rural households rely on natural resources for their livelihoods, fisheries, and wildlife which provide protein in diets Urban economic activities depend on reliable hydroelectric power However, people do not have much awareness of protecting the environment on which their life depends

a forest fires b the degradation o f the environm ent

c fishery and agriculture d econom ic losses

37 W hich does not suffer from degradation?

a industry b agriculture c fishery d forestry

38 It is that makes agricultural productivity decline

a land expansion b slash-and-bum c soil erosion d agricultural land

39 W hich sentence is NOT true?

a There are water shortages in coastal towns

b Hydropower is declining

c W ater is not influenced by pollution

d We depend on natural resources to solve the problems o f poverty

40 P e o p le

a do not know much o f protecting the environment

b have a great awareness o f the environm ent

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c are doing a lot o f things to prevent pollution

d can increase econom y without natural resources

The number o f animal species that have died out since 1600 ( 4 1 ) sharplyExperts have looked for historical evidence of ( 4 2 ) As ( 4 3 ) as they cantell, between the beginning of modern historical records and the beginning ofthe 17th century, fewer ( 4 4 ) twenty species of animals died out ( 4 5 ) _

in just one century, from 1600 to 1699 seventeen more animal species are known

to have ( 4 6 ) The next century saw the extinction ( 4 7 ) thirty-sixspecies And the rate ( 4 8 ) increasing In the 1800, eighty-one more speciesdied out In ( 4 9 ) first three quarters o f the twentieth century, eighty-threespecies disappeared, ( 5 0 ) the education o f people about endangered species.The rate o f extinction has not been slowed by public information

41 a increase b increased c has increased d will increase

42 a beings b extinction c affect d influence

6 Laws have been introduced to prohibit the killing of endangered animals,

7 Hunting for meat and burning forests for soils wildlife

a protect b conserve c destroy d survive

8 National Parks are established to create the environm ent for rare animals

to survive a n d offspring

9 The World Wild Funds is working to protect and save the forests that are i n

a danger b interest c encouragement d consequence

10 Scientists think it unlikely that the species will actually becom e extinct as

a o f the oil spill

a respect b consequence c protection d production

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11 Human beings can exist without water and air.

12 Do you know e x a c t ly number of Siberian tigers in China?

13 Garbage is considered to be some kind o f

a pollute b pollutants c pollution d polluting

14 Because o f forest destruction some rare animals cannot survive, let a lo n e

a produce b production c productive d productivity

15 The people in our village are leading a _life

a peace b peaceful c peacefully d peacefulness

16 Human beings are changing the e n v iro n m e n t all respects

19 I personally think that it is easy to understand time is relative

c for which reason d the reason why

20 concerns about wildlife never keeps a wild animal as pest

a Anyone that b Anyone which c Anyone for whom d Anyone those

21 Did you listen to the lecture on the environm ent by Dr Pike, _

a whom I have ever told you about b about that I have ever told you

c I have ever told you d that I have ever told you

22 want to use rain forests are cutting them down without any hesitation

a People who b People which c People whom d W ho

23 The man showed us the c a g e he kept a fierce lion

24 Those villagers , near the forest chop down hardwoods to sell for high prices

a live b who live c whom live d for whom to live

25 We have just had an exploration through that f o r e s t

a which some pandas survive

b where there are some pandas surviving

c in which there are some pandas survive

d that some pandas survive

26 By cutting down the trees, people destroy the ecosystem of the rain fo re st _

a on which they depend b where they depend on

c which they depend d where they depend

27 _ comes from thousands of factories has caused enormous increases in

air pollution levels

a Smoke b Smoke for which c Smoke that d Smoke whose

28 The a r e a s are destroyed suffer a lot from soil erosion

a which trees b whose trees c that trees d trees which

29 I will never forget the time _ _ _ I first visit Cat Tien National Park,

U N IT 10: N A T U R E IN D A N G E R 115

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30 Those scientists are doing research on the p e r io d the Earth formed.

31 the Royal National Park / New South Wales, Australia

a The Royal National Park it is in New South Wales, Australia

b The Royal National Park, which is in New South Wales, Australia

c The Royal National Park is in that New South Wales, Australia

d The Royal National Park is in New South Wales, Australia

32 it / locate / 29km south / Sydney

a It located 29km south o f Sydney, b It locating 29km south o f Sydney,

c It is that locates 29km south of Sydney d It is located 29km south o f Sydney

33 Sir John Robertson / find / the Park / 1879

a Sir John Robertson whom found the Park in 1879

b Sir John Robertson found the Park in 1879

c Sir John Robertson found the Park since 1879

d Sir John Robertson who found the Park in 1879

34 most unique rock form ation / Eagle Rock / look like an eagle’s head

a The most unique rock formation is Eagle Rock looks like an eagle’s head

b The most unique rock formation is Eagle Rock, which looks like an eagle’s head

c A most unique rock formation is Eagle Rock, looks like an eagle’s head

d The most unique rock formation is Eagle Rock, that looks like an eagle’s head

35 the Park / protect / carefully / its rarity in the hot, arid Australian landscape

a The Park is protected carefully because its rarity in the hot, arid Australian landscape

b The Park is protected carefully due to its rarity in the hot, arid Australian landscape

c The Park protected carefully as its rarity in the hot, arid Australian landscape

d The Park it is protected carefully for its rarity in the hot, arid Australian landscape

The scarcity o f tigers and African elephants is more and more serious They are endangered because poachers hunt them in order to sell tiger pelts and elephant ivory

At least 4,000 elephants are killed each year in order to m eet the global demand for elephant ivory, which is used to make carvings, jew elry and other products although it is illegal to sell ivory since 1989 anywhere

“A m ericans should be aware that there is still a problem with elephant poaching and loss to the illegal ivory trade,” Ginette Hemley, Fund’s vice president for species conservation, told The Washington Post in September And so

our message is, ‘Don’t buy it, and don’t take that chance’.”

A W ildlife Fund report states that the United States seized 8,300 illegal ivory items between 1995 and 2002 Each week there are about 1,000 ivory auctions, the report said

As for tigers, their parts are used in traditional Chinese medicine Tiger bones are used as a pain reliever in traditional medicine Even tiger’s whiskers

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TEST 3

1 a introduce b peacefully c consequence d influence

2 a industrial b environm ent c agriculture d responsible

6 The _ _ _ is the air, water and land in or on which people, animals and plants live,

a consequence b environm ent c planet d resource

7 Certain chem icals have been banned because o f their dam aging effect on the environm ent

a destruction b introduction c influence d environm ent

8 The Earth is one o f t h e in the solar system

a planets b resources c environm ents d results

9 Deforestation is destroying large areas o f tropical rain forest

a changing b raising c becom ing d dam aging

10 The area is roped o ff because the water is seriously polluted

a contam inated b disappeared c purified d endangered

11 During a long drought, farmers had to find ways t o their crops

12 Human beings have great influence o n _ world

a the / a b a / the c 0 / a d the / 0

13 We have to suffer a lot o f floods due to our serious _ _ _ _ _ o f forests,

a destroy b destructive c destruction d destructor

14 She is a fam ous She tries her best to protect rare animals from extinction

a environm ent b environmental c environmentalist d environmentally

15 The problems o f pollution call for a p ro m p t from the government

16 They are asking for public donations to protect some certain wild animals

dying out

17 More and more rare animals a r e danger o f extinction

18 Do you know how many pandas r e m a in the wild?

19 It is many rich countries _have dealt the problem of extinction in various ways

20 was very kind o f him

21 Some co u n trie s try to reduce extinction depend on the world organization for support

118

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22 The National P a r k s , certain animal species survive, are protectedstrictly from the poaching o f hunters.

23 Some parts o f the w orld , , were cleared for farms and now land is a desert

a which like the Bragantina of Brazil b where like the Bragantina of Brazil

c like the Bragantina o f Brazil d whose like the Bragantina of Brazil

24 Smoke from factories is polluting the a i r , rain forests cannot cleanfast enough

25 Everyone must protect the ecosystem o f planet Earth,

a that a planet in danger b which a planet in danger

c where is a planet in danger d a planet in danger

26 Do you think that we are using up the resources for our survival?

a are necessary b that are necessary c which necessary d that necessary

27 Areas _ _ _ _ _ in A frica, South Am erica, and A sia are dense w ith trees, insects, birds, and animals

a where are b which are c are d are that

28 Rain forests are p l a c e s people harvest wood, delicious fruits, andpowerful medicine

a in which b in that c in where d which

29 I wonder abou t human beings are destroying the environment so seriously

a the reason that b that reason

c the reason in which d the reason for which

30 The authority gathered those villagers they explained the im portance o f forests

31 Denali National Park / the central mountains o f Alaska

a Denali National Park, which is in the central mountains o f Alaska

b Denali National Park that is in the central mountains o f Alaska

c Denali National Park, where is in the central mountains o f Alaska

d Denali National Park is in the central mountains o f Alaska

32 the park / one o f Am erica’s greatest wildness areas

a It is that the park one o f Am erica’s greatest wildness areas

b The park which is one o f Am erica’s greatest wildness areas

c It is the park one o f Am erica’s greatest wildness areas

d The park is one of Am erica’s greatest wildness areas

33 it / once / abundant sources o f gold / heavy metals

a It has been once abundant sources o f gold with heavy metals

b It is once abundant sources of gold as well as heavy metals

c It was once abundant sources of gold and heavy metals

d It will be once abundant sources o f gold and heavy metals

34 at least 600,000 visitors / come to visit / the Park / every year

a There are at least 600,000 visitors come to visit the Park every year

U NIT 10: N A T U R E IN D A N G E R 119

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b At least 600,000 visitors who come to visit the Park every year.

c At least 600,000 visitors come to visit the Park every year

d There were at least 600,000 visitors come to visit the Park every year

35 the environmentalists / have tried / prevent / tourism / destroy the wildness

a The environm entalists have tried to prevent tourism from destroyi

the wildness

b The environm entalists have tried in order that to prevent tourism fr

destroying the wildness

c The environmentalists have tried preventing tourism from destroy the wildn

d Thanks to the environm entalists have tried to prevent tourism frc

destroying the wildness

Since the w orld became industrialized, the number o f animal species th

have either becom e extinct or have neared extinction has increased Ben

tigers, for instance, which once roamed the jungles in vast numbers, now nu

ber only about 2,300 By the year 2025, it is estimated that they will beco

extinct W hat is alarm ing about the case o f the Bengal tiger is that th

extinction will have been caused almost entirely by poachers, who, according

some sources, are not always in material gain but in personal satisfy This

an example o f the callousness that is contributing to the problem o f extinctio

Animals such as the Bengal tiger, as well as other endangered animals, a

valuable parts o f the w orld’s ecosystem International laws protecting the

animals must be enacted to ensure their survival and the survival o f our plan

36 Extinction of animal species has increased since the world’s industrialization

37 There used to be a lot of Bengal tigers in the jungles,

38 Poachers hunt Bengal tigers only for money

39 We can know exactly how many species are in danger of extinction,

40 Callousness is a contribution to extinction

Human beings (41) _ to protect only the beautiful and non-threateni

parts o f our environment We tend to pay more (42) to animals on 1

than (43) other large sea animals Environmentalists have not done (44

to help save the Pacific Ocean sharks (4 5 ) population has decreasnearly to the ( 4 6 ) of extinction Sharks are (47 _ the oldest c r e a ti

on Earth, ( 4 8 ) in the seas for more than 350 million years The fact t

they have managed to live in the oceans for so many millions of years is enou

proofs of their efficiency and adaptability to change environments It is time (4

human beings to begin considering the protection of sharks as ( 5 0 ) _

important part o f a program for protection of our natural environment

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41 a make b seem c let d advise

42 a attention b pleasure c notice d fun

44 a too much b too many c much enough d enough much

48 a survived b that survived c which survived d having survived

TEST 1

4 a therefore b nuclear c reserve d lim it

5 a alternative b geothermal c environm ent d expensively

6 _ _ _ _ _ present, scientists are trying to find out the m ost suitable energy,

9 Oil, coal, and natural gas are

a solar system b nuclear power c hydropower d fossil fuels

10 energy uses natural sources of energy such as the sun, wind, or waterfor power and fuel, rather than oil, coal, or nuclear power

a Alternative b Solar c Hydroelectricity d Electricity

11 is the power from sources such as electricity and coal that makesmachines work or provides heat

a Chemical b M achine c Energy d Natural gas

12 W ater energy is used to create electricity

13 A is a structure that is used to convert the power of the wind into electricity

14 Nuclear power is cleaner than coal

15 Underground cables c a r r y to all parts o f the town

a electric b electricity c electrify d electrification

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16 We will never actually used solar energy in its

17 Although we need more energy, we should consider t h e o f a nuclearpower station

a disadvantage b disadvantageous c disadvantaged d disadvantageous!}

18 You should disconnect power before attempting to repair electrical equipment

19 The energy by the windm ill drives all the drainage pumps

a that is producing b which produces c producing d produced

20 They are m aking an artificial lake water for an area

a provided b that provided c to provide d which is provided

21 Acid rain refers to any form of precipitation _ more acidic than normal rainwater

22 Carbon dioxide is the gas human beings and other animals exhale

23 The industrialized nations have promoted the waste o f fossil fuels, _greenhouse gas emissions

a increases b to increase c increased d which increases

24 Scientists are constantly searching for new sources o f power _ _ _ _ _ modern society running

a used for keeping b that uses to keep c using for keeping d which uses to keep

25 She is the only one in the d iscu ssion to using nuclear power

a objects b objected c to object d whom objects

26 The old man _ _ _ _ _ a black suit is a famous energy researcher

a to wear b wearing c whom is wearing d is wearing

27 Johnny was the last applicant_for a position in that energy station

28 Coal, o f energy in many countries, is a serious pollutant

c being the main source d that is the main source

29 Is there any oil ?

a using b being used c to be used d to use

30 I have som ething interesting

a told you b to tell you c that tells you d telling you

Error Identification

31 Power is energy, especially electricity, is obtained in large quantities

Afrom a fuel source and used to operate lights, heating, and machinery

32 Energy being the power from sources such as e le c t n ::: and coal

Athat makes m achines work or provides heat

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34 The main restrains for the Third W orld countries where achieve their

Adevelopm ent goals are the lack o f financial resources, technological transfer

Many countries are now growing palm oil trees to gain energy The rush to energy derived from plants will lead to deforestation, push small farmers off the land and lead to serious food shortages and increased poverty unless it is carefully managed Rich countries want to see crops grown for fuel to help stabilize the price o f oil, open up new markets But the United Nations urges governments

to beware their impacts The report, which predicts winners and losers, will be studied carefully bio-fuel industry which wants to provide 25% o f the world’s energy within 20 years 17 countries have committed themselves to growing the

crops on a large scale It has been said that 10% o f all fuel must come from biofuels by 2020 The crops have the potential to stabilize the price o f oil, but forests are being cut to grow plantations of palm oil trees These crops will take the best land, which will increase global food prices Growing bio-fuel crops can

be harmful to farmers who do not own their own land, and to the poor who buy food Using bio-fuels results in some reductions in emissions but we cannot fight climate change by large scale deforestation Investments need to be planned carefully to avoid generating new environmental and social problems

a a new source o f energy from palm tree which can replace oil

b the report on energy

c winners and losers

d deforestation

37 Growing palm trees

a causes no harm b helps poor farm er to be rich

c supplies cheaper food d leads to deforestation

38 The word crops is used to refer t o

a oils b palm trees c deforestation d bio-fuel

39 W hich is not one o f the disadvantages o f growing palm trees?

a It makes the oil price stable

b It causes deforestation

c It may make food more expensive

d It may lead to climate change by large scale deforestation

40 The writer advised u s

a to grow as many palm trees as possible b not to grow palm trees any more

c to plan carefully in the investing of palm trees d to generate new social problems

U N IT 11: SO U R C E S OF E N E R G Y 123

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Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

( 4 1 ) more and more countries become ( 4 2 ) _ there will be moand more com petition for petroleum for cars, home heating, and industry Wh ’(43) petroleum contributes greatly (44) acid rain, it is less (4-5 than coal Unfortunately, petroleum is more expensive than coal and tsupply of petroleum will eventually ( 4 6 ) out Therefore, there willmore and more pressure to burn coal for energy Coal is a (47) dirt:energy source than petroleum Since we already know (48) destructr-acid rain is, it is very im portant that we increase our efforts to find a (49 -polluting source o f energy as quickly as possible ( 5 0 ) _ we cavoid further environm ental damage

42 a industry b industrial c industrialize d industrialized

43 a burning b flowing c blowing d releasing

45 a pollute b polluting c pollution d polluted

TEST 2

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the re:

6 The sun releases large amounts _ _ _ _ _ energy everyday

7 The solar energy can change electricity

8 We do not have plenty energy as we think

9 A greenhouse is warm because the glass traps the o f the sun

10 Coal power stations sulphur dioxide into the atmosphere

11 How long will it be before the world’s fuel supplies are exhausted?

a got rid of b used up c put up with d gone out

12 He had spent his entire life in China to work as an energy researcher,

124

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13 Fossil Fuels will be exhausted within a relatively short time.

a comparatively b shortly c rapidly d disadvantageously

14 The potential o f alternative sources o f energy is great

a ability to achieve b solar system c use d heat

15 There i s o f solar energy that we cannot make full use of

a plenty b plenties c plentiful d plentifully

16 Thanks to the o f scientists all over the world, our life has becomebetter and better

a create b creative c creatively d creativity

17 The seas store and release it gradually during cold periods

18 If the wind does not blow, there is no _wind energy

19 I pulled o ff the sheets which covered the furniture

a to cover b covered c that covering d covering

20 The nuclear power plant that was completed last year will come to operate tomorrow,

a com pleting b to complete c completed d which completed

21 We have a lot o f im portant documents on energy to read

a that we have to read b for reading c we read d which we read

22 The solar panel on the roofs o f the house can get enough energy forthe whole family

23 I think we should use hydroelectric p o w e r ,

a that is clean and safe b to be clean and safe

c being clean and safe d which is clean and safe

24 Solar power, a potential o f alternative sources o f energy, is a bigquestion for researchers

25 Scientists will find ways our supplies o f coal, oil, and gas

a to increase b increasing c that is increasing d increased

26 Airplanes in the twentieth century is one o f the sources o f pollution

a which invented b to invent c invented d that is invented

27 Mr Pike has established a potential business solar panels

28 Those people in favor of nuclear power do not want to refer its disadvantages

29 The h e a t from the sun is infinite

a to release b that is released c released d releasing

30 A survey on alternative sources o f e n e r g y out by those scientists will

be reported to the public next week

a which carried b that carried c carried d carrying

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32 Coal also produces the global warming issues facing we today.

Today from crude oil we make gasoline for our cars, diesel fuel for our true and ships, and je t fuel for our airplanes Crude oil is a mixture o f orgai chem icals o f liquids and dissolved gases which are o f little use in its cru state In addition, oil is used to generate electricity, heat our buildings, lubr.- cate our m achines, and even make plastics, detergents, and chemicals Oil ha_; transformed our daily lives In fact, nearly one-third o f the w orld’s oil come; from offshore fields in our oceans Areas which are the m ost popular for c£ drilling are the Arabian Gulf, and the Gulf of Mexico Recently, more attention has been focused on finding and producing oil offshore One of the first offshor;oil rigs was built in 23 feet o f water in the Gulf o f M exico in 1947 Because c:engineering and technological advances, it is possible to operate in deeper an: more hostile waters W e can now build platforms for oil production taller tha^ most o f the w orld’s skyscrapers and anchor them to the sea floor in water; deeper than 1300 feet The larger platforms hold thousands of tons o f equip

m ent and can accom m odate hundreds o f people who work and live there tc ensure that oil is produced around the clock

a all com es from offshore

c can transform human life

39 Oil is p ro d u ce d

a on platform s offshore

c in deep water

40 W hich sentence is NOT true?

a We cannot live on an oil platform

b There are many people working on an oil platform

c Oil is produced all day and night

d There is a lot o f equipment on an oil platform

b generating electricity from oil

d oil from offshore

b running cars

d growing trees

b all comes from land

d has been used up

b in undersea areas

d the world's skyscrapers

126 B A l T A P T R A C N G H IEM T IE N G A N H 11 • P H A N B A l T A P

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Fill in each numbered blank with one suitable word or phrase.

Investment in renewable energies (41) to 100 billion USD in 2006.Clean energies ( 4 2 ) powerful enough ( 4 3 ) _ any fall in high oil prices.Renewable energies are becoming generating systems o f choice A recent reporthas ( 4 4 ) that industries in rich countries are no (45) _ dominant inrenew able energies A lm ost 10% o f the 2006 investm ent was in China and India Worries about climate ( 4 6 ) , high oil prices, efforts to break dependence ( 4 7 ) energy imports and government incentives to shift away fromfossil (48) _ _ _ _ _ has increased investment W ind energy won most investmentwith 38% of the total, ahead of bio-fuels on 26% and solar (49) on 16%.Renewable energies are a (50) to fighting global warming

41 a estimates b considers c costs d spends

43 a survive b to survive c surviving d survived

TEST 3

1 a possible b scientist c expensive d plentiful

2 a potential b exhausted c pollution d infinite

Choose a, b, c, or d that best completes each unfinished sentence; substitutes the

6 It may take thousands years to form a kind o f energy

7 Finding out a new source energy is the aim o f many scientists

8 We may have a lot of energy if we can make full u se the energy from the sun

9 energy is one that comes from sun

10 Oil shortages have brought on an crisis

11 A is a wall that is built across a river in order to stop the waterflowing and to make a lake

UN IT 11: SO U R C E S OF E N E R G Y 127

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12 _ heat com es from deep inside the earth.

13 Solar energy is not only plentiful but also infinite

a strong b rapid c lim ited d without lim it

14 Our building was cut o f f so we had to stop working

15 Solar energy does not make the e n v iron m en t

a pollute b pollution c pollutant d polluted

16 Nuclear power i s We need a lot of money to build a nuclear power station

17 _ most o f our present energy comes from fossil fuels

18 _nuclear energy is dangerous

19 I do not think nuclear power is the only e n e r g y

a to choose b choosing c which chooses d that chosen

20 They are against nuclear power because they think o f the nuclear disaster

in Japan in W orld W ar II

a that happens b happened c to happen d happening

21 We have a lot o f t h in g s for our new project

a preparing b to prepare c for preparing d which prepared

22 Do you see the beautiful young g i r l over there?

a to stand b whom is standing c standing d stood

23 Just imagine what would happen to a nuclear power station by terrorists'

a which is capturing b to capture c captured d capturing

24 The instructions by Professor Johnson helped us know more aboutthe danger o f energy pollution

a that explained b explained c explaining d which explained

25 Is the electrical energy _ w ithin the batteries powerful enough tcoperate a car?

a stored b that is storing c storing d to store

26 H e a t from the sun is infinite

a which released b to release c releases d released

27 In 1892, Mr Rudolph designed an e n g in e diesel engine

a that called b which calls c calling d called

28 The printing press by Gutenburg in Germany has changed foreverthe process o f writing

a to develop b developed c developing d that developed

29 Solar e n e r g y , , has not been made full use

a a clean power b being a clean power

c that is a clean power d to be the clean power

30 We are afraid o f the ra d ia tio n from the nuclear plants

31 wind farms / generate up to 7% / U.S electricity / in 15 years

a W ind farms w hich are generated up to 7% o f U.S electricity in 15 years

128 B A l T A P T R A C N G H IE M T IE N G AN H 11 • P H A N B A l T A P

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b W ind farms generating up to 1% o f U.S electricity in 15 years.

c W ind farms to generate up to 1% o f U.S electricity in 15 years.

d W ind farms can generate up to 7% o f U.S electricity in 15 years

32 wind pow ered turbines / produce / 11,605 m egawatts o f electricity / the United States / 2006

a W ind powered turbines producing 11,605 megawatts of electricity in the United States in 2006

b W ind powered turbines which produced 11,605 megawatts o f electricity

in the United States in 2006

c W ind powered turbines produced 11,605 megawatts o f electricity in the United States in 2006

d W ind powered turbines that produced 11,605 megawatts o f electricity in the United States in 2006

33 wind power / a source of renewable energy / reduce global warming pollution

a W ind power being a source of renewable energy that can reduce global

w arm ing pollution

b W ind power, a source of renewable energy, that can reduce global warming pollution

c W ind power is a source o f renewable energy that can reduce global warming pollution

d W ind power to be a source o f renewable energy that can reduce global warm ing pollution

34 the wind / produce / clean energy / windmills / threat / birds and bats

a Because the w ind produces clean energy, w indm ills cause a threat to birds and bats

b If the wind produces clean energy, windmills cause a threat to birds and bats

c Although the wind produces clean energy but windm ills cause a threat tobirds and bats

d Although the wind produces clean energy, windm ills cause a threat to birds and bats

35 many birds / kill / by the blades o f windmills

a Many birds killed by the blades of windmills

b Many birds killing by the blades o f windmills

c Many birds that kill by the blades of windmills

d Many birds are killed by the blades of windmills

The rapid growth o f China and India means that a lot more oil will have to come from somewhere World demand has grown faster in the past five years than in the second half o f the 1990s Today we consume an average o f 85 million barrels daily and that figure will rise to 113 million barrels by 2030 A survey of the four countries with the biggest reported reserves - Saudi Arabia, Iran, Iraq and Kuwait - reveals major concerns Iran became the first major oil producer to introduce oil rationing A report on Saudi Arabia’s oil reserves showed that the figure went from 79 million barrels a day in 2002 to 84.5 million in 2004 There

U N IT 11: SO U R C E S OF E N E R G Y 129

Trang 32

are still 909 billion tons of coal worldwide, enough to last at least 155 years Bui coal is a dirty energy source The natural gas fields should last 20 years longe* than the world’s oil reserves and is expensive to extract and transport Hydr:- gen fuel cells can provide us with an energy source but there is not enoug: hydrogen to go round and the few clean ways of producing it are expensive Oil- dependent nations are turning to renewable energy sources An increase in the using o f oil all over the globe will increase the chance o f a disaster and the r i;i

o f dangerous substances getting into the atmosphere

36 The text is a b o u t

a the increasing number of oil used b harvesting oil

c oil and disasters d oil in China and India

37 The figure in the text shows t h a t

a more and more oil has been used

b less and less oil has been used

c China is the first major oil producer

d Iran is the m ost oil consumers in the world

38 Coal is

a a clean energy b the only energy in the world

c a polluting energy d never used up

39 A ccording to the writer,

a we can use hydrogen fuel to replace oil

b hydrogen fuel is clean

c clean energy is cheap enough for us to produce

d there is enough hydrogen fuel for every purposes in the world

40 We can learn from the text that

a we cannot find any cleaner energy

b the more coal we use the more polluted the atmosphere is

c the w orld’s demand on coal is decreasing

d China and India do not need coal any more

Oil (41) _ for almost half of the world’s sea trade Over land and shor.distances across the sea, crude oil can ( 4 2 ) transported by pipeline For!long distance transport by sea, (4 3 ) ships are used (4 4 ) first, oil wa;transported in (45) barrels on ordinary cargo ships Then Marcus Samueladopted the idea of building ships (46) _ _ _ _ _ to transport only crude oil and o;.(47) which were in effect floating tanks This was the birth o f the oi.tanker The main design feature of (4 8 ) oil tanker is the division of the oil-carrying space into separate tanks for different types o f oil or oil products (49 * excessive movement of the liquid at sea Some of the largest oil tankers inthe world can (50) 3 million barrels (126 million gallons) o f oil

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45 a wood b wooden c woods d woody

46 a which designed b designing c designed c that designed

49 a prevent b preventing c to prevent d prevented

TEST YOURSELF D

1. a survival b pollution c government d material

3 a complicated b automobile c activity d gradually

5 a available b individual c engineering d transportatior

Choose the word which has the underlined part pronounced differently from the re

6 a things b engineers c scientists d individuals

11 Do you know when automobiles were invented?

12 It is automobiles that provide m illions of people with transportation,

13 Large amounts o f dangerous waste are daily by the factory

14 The oil slick seriously threatens _ _ _ _ _ life around the islands,

15 The pollution problem is very complicated to solve

16 Scientists and engineers can work to find ways to lessen the amount of pollution,

17 Polluted water kills fish and other marine life

a Contaminated b Lessened c Survived d Found

18 is som ething that human beings can never avoid

19 Factories give , but cause pollution

a employ b em ployer c employee d em ploym ent

20 It is a legal _ _ that producers have to deal with the waste form their factories,

a require b requisite c requirement d requires

21 Our life quite depends on _ _ _ _ _ environment

T E S T Y O U RSE L F D 131

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22 W ith o u t air and water, living things could not survive.

26 Exposure to pollution can cause many serious illnesses to death

a that leading c which led c led d leading

27 G a rb a g e releases clouds o f toxic s m o k e _ very harmful to our health

a to bum / being b burned / which is c which burned / is d burning / to be

28 At last they could find the pipe _ dangerous chem icals into the water

a to release b releasing c released d release

29 A survey _last year showed that there was a link between asthma and pollution

a which carried out b carrying out c carried out d to carry

30 Am ong the w orld’s first industrialized countries, the United Kingdom ha;also been the first air pollution

a suffering b suffers c suffered d to suffer

31 W ater power is one o f the ways pollution

a reduces b to reduce c reducing d reduced

32 Marine biologists are concerned about the effects o f untreated se w a g e into coastal waters

33 The oil into the sea seriously harms a lot o f m arine animals

a discharged b which discharged c that discharged d to discharge

34 They buried thousands of fis h _ by poisonous chemicals from a nearby factory

a to kill b killing c which kill d killed

35 Cancer is also an illness by pollution

36 everybody / take part in / solve / the environmental pollution problem

a Everybody can take part in to solve the environmental pollution problem

b Everybody that can take part in solving the environmental pollution problem

c Everybody can take part in solving the environmental pollution problem

d Everybody whose can take part in solving the environmental pollution problem

37 we / use / public transportation / private cars / reduce exhaust fumes release into the air

a W e can use public transportation and private cars to reduce exhaust fumes releasing into the air

b We can use public transportation but private cars which reduce exhaust fumes to release into the air

c We can use public transportation instead o f private cars to reduce exhaustfumes released into the air

d We can use public transportation with private cars reducing exhaust fumes released into the air

132 BAI TAP TRAC NGHIEM TIENG ANH 11 • P h A n BAl TAP

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38 rubbish /not litter / on land and in water

a Rubbish should not be littered on land and in water

b Rubbish not littered on land and in water

c Rubbish not littering on land and in water

d Rubbish is not littering on land and in water

39 farmers / not use / fertilizers and pesticides carelessly

a Farmers should not use fertilizers and pesticides carelessly

b Farmers, they should not use fertilizers and pesticides carelessly

c Farmers, they do not use fertilizers and pesticides carelessly

d Farmers whom should not use fertilizers and pesticides carelessly

40 we / plant trees / protect forests / cut

a We need to plant trees and protect forests from being cut

b We need planting trees and protect forests cutting

c We should plant trees and protecting forests cutting

d We plant trees and protecting forests from being cut

When you get stuck in traffic, you roll up all windows of your car and open the air recirculation system You may think these measures can protect your nose from the nasty smelling fumes going up from the cars around you Actually, recent researches have shown that on-the-road exposure to pollutants can damage the heart

Over the past several years, it has been proved that air pollution worsens heart disease and even causes heart attacks Unfortunately, up to now there has not been any effective way to keep all the heart dam aging particles from entering your car Experts suggest that those who have heart disease should not travel during rush hours

The researchers from the National Research Center for Environment and Health in Germany asked 691 people who suffered heart attacks to write down

in detail their activities in the hours preceding the attacks The researchers found that the risk o f a heart attack rose by nearly 30% when people were stuck

in traffic, and it did not matter whether the person was driving or simply a passenger on a bus, or another kind o f public transportation

41 The passage is about _

a traffic jam s

b heart disease patients

c the relation between air pollution and heart disease

d means o f transport for heart disease patients

42 Polluted a i r

a has no smell b is pleasant to breathe

c is unpleasant to breathe d makes heart disease better

43 According to the w r it e r ,

a you may get a heart attack whenever you are traveling due to pollutants from cars

b traffic jam s cannot cause heart damage

c traveling during rush hours is good for heart disease patients

d heart attacks never happen during rush hours

133

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44 Experts advise heart disease p a t ie n t s

a not to go out b not to go out during rush hours

c not to use any means of transport d not to use any public transportation

45 W hich sentence is true?

a We can prevent heart attacks on road

b Traffic jam s no longer happen

c We do not need to use the air recirculation system in our cars

d We have not got any way to prevent the heart damaging particles fronj entering our cars

More than two hundred years ( 4 6 ) , the term “environmental pollution'was quite ( 4 7 ) to people They lived healthily, drank pure water, and (48 ' fresh air In those days industry was not well-developed Nowadays, thesituation is (49) different The world today is faced with many majc-threats The most ( 5 0 ) one of all is war, and (51) _ the threat of war

is pollution People all over the world are worried (52) things that are

happening to the environment Actually, it is man that is (53) the surroundings with many kinds of waste from the devices that make human life more comfortable and convenient We all know about the damage that pollution can (5 4 ) but no one wants to get rid of the material life with many device;leading to pollution Is it worth (55) a lot of time talking about pollution"

47 a worrying b necessary c strange d fam iliar

48 a swallowed b chewed c glanced d breathed

50 a endanger b endangered c danger d dangerous

51 a after b afterwards c after that d after all

53 a encouraging b destroying c establishing d organizing

55 a spend b to spend c spending d spent

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7 great effort, the athlete managed to jump over the fence.

8 ri^ore people would be attra cted cycling if conditions were better

9 Do you know when the 2006 Asian Games took place?

( a happened b deepened c added d struggled

10 The Asian Games have been advanced in all aspects since the first Games was held in 1951

a developed b competed c taken place d decreased

11 Only 489 athletes took part in the 1st Asian Games

a participated in b got rid of c gave up d added to

12 Korea was chosen to be of the 2002 Asian Games

13 The quiet country roads are ideal for cycling

a driving a car b riding a bicycle c kicking a ball d playing football

14 is the way o f life, especially the general customs and beliefs, o f aparticular group o f people at a particular time

a Friendship b Solidarity c Event d Culture

15 After the accident he lost h i s for the sport

^a enthusiasm b enthusiast c enthusiastic d enthusiastically

16 There are _ things to prepare for the Games

17 A leg injury prevented him from a c t iv e _ in the competition

a participate b participant d participation d participatory

18 The 2nd Asian Games was held in Philippines in 1954

19 Those to be an athlete have to train them selves a lot

a who want b which want c to want d wanted

20 Anyone as a referee in a sporting event must be honest

a that works b to work c works d worked

21 The m a n a black suit is a football referee

a to wear b wearing c who wear d wears

22 _ _ _ _ _ is considered to be the most popular, is also my favorite

a Football which b Football, that c Football, which d Football

23 The football season is the t i m e thousands o f football fans crowd intothe stadium to watch their favorite teams

24 Yesterday, there was an exciting match between Liverpool and ManchesterUnited,

a the two famous teams in England

b that are the two famous teams in England

c being the two famous teams in England

d to be the two famous teams in England

25 Fencing was first introduced at the 13th Asian Games, in Bangkok,Thailand in 1998

a to be held b holding c when was held d which was held

U N IT 12: T H E A S IA N G A M E S 1 3 5

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26 The O lym pic G a m e s , an im portant international sporting evetakes place every four years.

27 Do you know the city _ the next Asian Games will be held?

28 Summer is my favorite t i m e I can enjoy many sporting games

29 Athletes do their best to win medals to winners as awards

a which give b are given c to give d given

30 Each country sends its best a t h le t e s participation expresses tfriendship and solidarity

31 we / make / a lot of preparations / the com ing Asian Games

a We are m aking a lot o f preparations for the com ing Asian Games

b We are making a lot of preparations which are for the coming Asian Games

c We are making a lot of preparations that are for the coming Asian Games

d We are made a lot of preparations for the com ing Asian Games

32 all the National Sports Centers / upgrade / equip / sports facilities

a All the National Sports Centers where are upgraded and equipped wi sports facilities

b All the National Sports Centers are upgraded and equipped with sports faciliti

c All the N ational Sports Centers that are upgraded and equipped w it: sports facilities

d All the National Sports Centers which are upgraded and equipped wit: sports facilities

33 hotels and restaurants / build / international standard

a Hotels and restaurants building in international standard

b Hotels and restaurants are built with international standard

c Hotels and restaurants built with international standard

d Hotels and restaurants to be built with international standard

34 many students / be / good at English / volunteer / help / athletes / guides

a Many students are good at English volunteer to help the athletes as guide;

b Many students who are so good at English that volunteer to help th; athletes as guides

c Many students to be good at English volunteer to help the athletes as guide;

d Many students who are good at English volunteer to help the athletes as guide;

35 everybody / look forward to / the Games / great excitem ent

a Everybody looking forward to the Games with great excitement

b Everybody that is looking forward to the Games with great excitement

c Everybody is looking forward to the Games with great excitement

d Everybody is looking forward to the Games for great excitement

The Asian Games, also called the Asiad, is a multi-sport event held every

four years among athletes from all over Asia The games are regulated by the

136 B A l T A P T R A C N G H IE M T IE N G ANH 11 • P h A n B A l T A P

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Olympic Council o f Asia (OCA) under the supervision o f the International Olympic Committee (IOC) Medals are awarded in each event, with gold for first place, silver for second and bronze for third, a tradition which started in 1951.Competitors are entered by a National Olympic Committee (NOC) to represent their country o f citizenship National anthems and flags accompany the medal ceremonies, and tables showing the number of medals won by each country are widely used In general only recognised nations are represented, but a few non-sovereign countries are allowed to take part.

The 15th A sian Gam es were held in Doha, Qatar from D ecem ber 1 to December 15, 2006 The 16th Asian Games will be held in Guangzhou, China from Novem ber 12, 2010 to Novem ber 27, 2010

36 Athletes all over the world can take part in the Asian Games,

37 The Asian Games started in 1951

38 There are only three kinds o f medals

39 Competitors are not required to represent their country of citizenship,

40 The 17th Asian Games will be held in Vietnam

Up to now, Thailand (41) _ _ the host country o f the Asian Games fourtimes In 1966, Thailand held the Games for the first time It was the 5th Games with 18 countries (42) In 1970, South Korea dropped its plan tohost the games ( 4 3 ) security threats from North Korea, and the (44) host Thailand adm inistered the Games in Bangkok using the funds ofSouth Korea In 1978, Pakistan dropped its plan to host the Games due toconflicts with Bangladesh and India Thailand ( 4 5 ) to help and theGames were held in Bangkok The 13th Asian Games was held in Bangkok,Thailand (46) 6 to 20 December 1998 This is (47) largest AsianGames (48) in this millennium, with 9,469 athletes and officials fromover 41 countries participating The Games went smoothly without (49)

major problem in the spirit of the motto: Friendship Beyond Frontiers This is

also the (50) Asian Games to be hosted this century

42 a to compete b com peting c competed d compete

45 a suggested b advised c offered d made

48 a which holds b holding c that held d held

UNIT 12: T H E ASIAN G A M E S 137

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d events

10 The Olympic Games is one of the biggest sporting _

a problems b athletes c cultures

11 Swimming is one o f the sports

12 can help an athlete to im prove the strength o f muscles and th«appearance o f the body

a Shooting b Table tennis c W eightlifting d Playing chess

13 The gymnasium has just equipped with some new sports

a facilities b events c athletes d medals

14 Those athletes com peted with all their best to g e t

a friendship b cultures c medals d advance

15 Football has the most o f all sports

a attract b attractive c attraction d attractor

16 All sportsmen that take part in the Olympic Games must be a m ateu r _

a athletes b athletic c athletically d athleticism

17 We are quite o f the success o f our country at the next Asian Games

18 We all look forward to receiving more medals i n _variety of sports events

a good friend as well as his trainer

b that was c being d to be

19 He rang James,

a who was

20 came from France were really more friendly than any others

a The athletes, that b The athletes whom

c The athletes who d The athletes which

21 That is Mr Pike, a r e fe r e e , I told you about

22 He took out a photo o f P e l e , he adored

138 BAl T A P T R A C N G H IE M T IE N G ANH 11 • P H A N BAl T A P

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