Organizations and Behaviour Assignment 1 BTEC Nguyen Huu Phong 2017

Organizations and Behaviour Assignment 1 BTEC Nguyen Huu Phong 2017 tại University of Greenwich Viet Nam, đây là một trong những môn rất quan trọng và cần thiết cho những người muốn theo nghành businness cụ thể là human resource management như mình. Bài assignment này được mình làm tại trường. Các bạn có thể xem và tham khảo nhưng lư

ASSIGNMENT FRONT SHEET <No.1> Retake

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Business

Unit number and title Organisational Behaviour

Assignment due

/ _/ Assignment submitted / _/

Learner declaration:

I certify that the work submitted for this assignment is my own and research sources are fully acknowledged

Grading grid

P2.1 P2.2 P2.3 M1 M2 M3 D1 D2 D3

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Assignment title

Assume that you used to work as an intern in 2 companies A and B Leader X of company A tends to lead his group in a transactional way, while leader Y of company B leads his group in a transformational style You realize that the ways they manage, treat and motivate their subordinates are different as well Your case must be demonstrated with examples and real life evidences

In this assignment, you will have opportunities to provide evidence against the following criteria

Indicate the page numbers where the evidence can be found

no

Assessor’s Feedback LO2 Understand different approaches to management and leadership

2.1 Compare the effectiveness of

different leadership styles in

different organizations

- Define leadership Introduce and compare transactional and transformational leadership styles 

- Evidence about leadership styles applied by the leaders 

- Evidence to show the effectiveness of different leadership styles 

2.1

 Achieved

 Not achieved

2.2 Explain how organizational

theory supports the practice of

2.3 Evaluate the different

approaches to management used

by different organizations

- Evidence about management thoughts applied by the leaders 

- Evidence about management functions and managerial roles of the leaders 

- Evaluation on management approaches used by different organizations 

Merit descriptor No.1 (M1) Appropriate judgment on appropriate leadership and management approaches:

1 Judgments on each leadership style (suitable or not, why) 

2 Judgments on applied management approaches (suitable or not, why) 

3 Explanation about the impact of leadership styles and management approaches on management functions and managerial roles 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

Merit descriptor No.2 (M2) Select and design and apply appropriate methods and techniques:

1 Compare leadership styles and management approaches in different context

of the chosen companies 

2 A range of sources of information (books, articles, reliable reference sources, cases) has been used 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

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Merit descriptor No.3 (M3) Present and communicate appropriate findings:

1 Logical structure, with table of content, reference list, introduction, body (analysis), and conclusion 

2 Good academic writing: correct grammar, logical writing style, and correct use of business/technical terminologies 

3 Coherent and logical definition and implications of concepts for different background audience have been made 

4 A range of methods of presentation has been used (chart, graph, picture, diagram, table, etc…) 

5 Correct referencing, both in-text citation and in reference list, using Harvard Referencing Style (HRS) 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

Distinction descriptor No.1 (D1) Use critical reflection to evaluate own work and justify valid conclusion:

1 Thorough analysis with realistic evidence 

2 Recommendation on alternative leadership styles and management approaches (if proved to be inappropriate in M1) have been proposed against defined characteristics for success 

3 Validity of the results is evaluated (selected information has been collected from a wide range of reliable sources) 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

Distinction descriptor No.2 (D2) Take responsibility for managing and organizing activities:

1 Primary (interview) and secondary data have been used 

2 Different sources of data are collected and applied objectively 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

Summative feedback:

-

Distinction descriptor No.3 (D3) Demonstrate convergent/lateral/creative thinking

1 Application and comparisons on leadership and management theories have been made against academic models (pros and cons in terms of Vietnamese context) 

2 Extended academic models of leadership and management theories have been presented 

3 Creative thinking on practical implementation and implication of leadership and management theories 

4 Propose new ideas for the Vietnamese context 

5 Critical review, conclusions, and recommendations on terminologies in the Vietnamese context 

 Achieved

 Not achieved

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<ATTAC

HED EVIDENCE>

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Introduction

In a company, the role of skilled people in the staff are very important They contribute to create the best conditions for human life However, to the whole company exists and works well for, the role of the leaders and management again as even more important The management theory of business be applied practically

in many companies in the world and bring success In this assignment, I will analyze more thoroughly so that we understand and see the importance of the management and leadership in business

2.1 Compare the effectiveness of different

leadership styles in different organizations

According to BussinessDictionary, the leader is the person who has the ability to set a clear vision Are people likely to share that vision to others to the volunteer and they resolved to follow The leader also provides information, knowledge and methods to everyone who made the goal in sight of the leaders The leader has the ability to balance the interests and conflict of the members or stakeholders Usually the leader developer from the crisis period, they have the ability to solve the problem, thinking and creative action in difficult situations There are many suggestions that leaders do not like management, leadership cannot be taught, though can learn and improve through the course Leadership skills are trained in life environment and in humans

According to Mark Miller-VP of Marketing, Emergenetics International pointed out that there are 5 elements

to decide on a leader 5 factors which are: Trust, Action, Perspective, Focus, Vision These elements are formed and developed in each individual and depend on the innate awareness or training to personal decisions that have leadership or not

The concept of transformational leadership was initially introduced by leadership expert According to Burns (1978) stated that transformational leadership can be seen when the "leaders and followers make each other to advance to a higher level of moral and motivation." Transactional and transformational are the two modes of leadership that tend to be compared the most

Transformational leaders

According to Bass and Avolio (1994), there are four components of transformational leadership – Idealized Influence, Inspirational Motivation, Intellectual Stimulation, Individualized Consideration

1 Idealized Influence (II)

To get everyone's confidence, loyalty, admiration and respect that people determined to follow their vision, the leader expressed his influence over the expressed views of charismatic and dynamic rows They create

a certain influence over people through explaining how to achieve the vision set out a convincing and attractive They emphasize the value and also trying it with more action to strong impact on trust and the trust of the people

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2 Inspirational Motivation (IM)

The leaders stimulate and promote creativity, motivation and inspiration for everyone Leaders create a clear structure for the vision that they give and make sure each person's role in the implementation of the common vision This makes people get work, creativity to put together complete the goal and vision of the leader

3 Intellectual Stimulation (IS)

The leader made the exhortation to the people around them by creating a favourable environment for the creation and sharing of knowledge, motivation and creativity between members The leader will create an environment that encourages daring ideas and debate without fear of punishment or ridicule

4 Individualized Consideration (IC)

The leader listened to the needs and concerns of the supporters They expressed the praise to motivate each individual Leaders recognized the achievements and innovations of each individual Ensure fairness for people to grow together This creates a positive motivator for the individual, the group

President Ho Chi Minh is one example of Transformational leaders As Vietnamese people, we always understood about the leadership style of President Ho Chi Minh A leadership style inspires, encourages, and creates a spiritual influence over the people The change of a business can be difficult but Ho Chi Minh President has used his leadership style changed a nation, a country and thought of the way the leadership still affect today He has infused enthusiasm, spirit, spiritual strength for a whole nation He outlined a great vision for the country and promote people development This has brought the effective when all peoples of Vietnam stood up strong and winning are the U.S and France, the two most powerful countries on time

Transactional leaders

The leaders of this type will guide their adherents to be put off by the clarification of roles and tasks They promote lower level work by the rewards and penalties When the Transactional Leader allocates work to a subordinate, they are considered to be fully responsible for it, whether or not they have the resources or capability to carry it out When things go wrong, then the subordinate is considered to be personally at fault, and is punished for their failure

Tim Cook is an example for Transactional leaders He is a businessman and put the issue of profit on top so

he always wanted his followers to complete the work on time and set out the extent of the apparent payoff

In 2012 when Apple unveiled Apple's Maps as a strategic move against Google Maps, is a critical step by Apple However, the result failed and Tim Cook Apple Maps to stand out to apologize to the millions of users Bulk Apple array Maps officer was fired and even Scott Forstall-father of the iOS operating system also must go It is an example of the rewards and penalties to be applied when Tim Cook Apple executives After the punishment too heavy-handed to be Tim Cook put out immediately, the other members are trying

to perfect Apple Maps and try not to make mistakes Up to now, things are gradually better and efficient in management and leadership style of Tim Cook has been proven

Comparing a few different points between Transactional Leadership and Transformational Leadership First, Transactional Leadership is a type of leadership whereby rewards and punishment are used as a basis for initiating the followers Transformational Leadership is a leadership style in which the leader uses his charisma and enthusiasm to influence his followers

Next, in Transactional Leadership leader, lays stress on his relationship is with followers Conversely, in Transformational Leadership leader lays stress on the values, beliefs and needs of his followers

Transactional Leadership is best for a settled environment, but Transformation is good for the turbulent environment

Besides, Transactional Leadership works for improving the present conditions of the organization On the other hand, Transformational Leadership works for changing the present conditions of the organization

In Transactional Leadership, there is only one leader in a group In contrast to transformational leadership,

in which there can be more than one leader in a group

Transactional Leadership is focussed towards planning and execution as compared to transformational leadership which promoted innovation

Evidence to show the effectiveness of different leadership styles

Transaction Leadership

Advantages: This leadership style will motivate employees based on rewards and punishment, this understanding results in boosting staff in production and efficiency at work This leadership style brought a short class plan, help employees make an easy step by step and more easily accessible Clear structure is also a benefit of transaction leaders, employees will be provided a clear directions as to compliance with

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the structure set out to accomplish this goal Increase productivity and reduce costs as well as benefits of transactional leadership when bonuses are increased when productivity increases and incentives to encourage employees

Disadavantages Don't encourage creation is the first disadvantage of this type of leadership, the staff are only allowed to do what the manager want Leadership principles and rigid is a disadvantage for those who like to be creative The responsibility of the staff member are set high, the principle applied in work and required serious, if done wrong, they must take responsibility for results This will create a disgruntled and not convenient for employees Not interested in the feelings of the staff is also very great disadvantage, the leaders of this type only care what employees can do without emotion and attitude, failed to create motivation for employees

Transformational Leadership

Advantages: Having the ability to assess the current situation of an organization and build a vision for improvement and growth Promote enthusiasm is a benefit of this kind of leadership, staff will work with great motivation to help ensure effective The leaders will use inspiration to motivate employees, encourage their creativity and passion to overcome these difficult times

Disadvantages: Leaders of this type often need those assistants and a support person to ensure the Organization in the right direction Easy to ignore the truth and fact of being dominant emotional and passionate is a major drawback Many restrictions when need to go further and analyse the issue when the company in trouble Vulnerable to abuse of morally and spiritually is a huge drawback of this type of leadership such as multi-level staff, Adolf hitler,

2.2 Explain how organizational theory supports the practice of management in organizations

Explain at least 3 organizational theories

Taylor's scientific management approach

Frederick Winslow Taylor (1856-1916) was a mechanical worker in America, through the Director, Chief Engineer, general engineering With his seasoned experience, he has analyzed the process of manipulation, mobilization of workers, the labor process research, with the non-duplicate, spend less time and effort to achieve high productivity It is the rationalization of labor, in a broad sense is that labor held a scientific way With the research on "Managing in the factory" (1903), the Principles of scientific management in

1911, he formed the scientific management theory, open "golden era" in American management

Example: Henry Ford created the application production system by long-line 24 km in the car plants the capacity reached 7000 vehicles per day

Content management science based on the following principles: With the aforementioned content, worker productivity rose significantly, low prices; the end result is higher profits to both the server and all have high income

The main thought in Taylor's theory are:

- Optimizing the production process (through labor rationalization, construction labor norms)

- Standardized method of operation and operation conditions; specialized assignment (for the labor of the workers and for the management function)

- And the last thought "economic man" (paid according to the number of products to stimulate increased productivity and production efficiency)

Weber's bureaucratic approach

Characteristics of Weber's theory

- Arrange the agencies according to the hierarchical system, administrative structure of the message is in the Tower, each subordinate agencies under the control of the higher authorities

- Reasonable labor assignment and have the system, each agency or location have jurisdiction specific identification is shown into the tasks and powers