MÔN QUẢN LÝ THẢM THỰC VẬT: artificial regeneration 2

cách trồng cây lâm nghiệpkinh nghiệm trồng cây lâm nghiệpcẩm nang trồng cây lâm nghiệpđịnh mức trồng cây lâm nghiệpmô hình trồng cây lâm nghiệpkỹ thuật trồng cây lâm nghiệptrồng cây lâm nghiệp giá trị caotrồng cây lâm nghiệp hiệu quả Roots separated from the soil in which they were grown before they are planted Survival depends on quick reestablishment of functional contact between the roots and the soil Bare root Vs. Containerized Containerized: Extended planting season, better control of germinationgrowing conditions, shorter nursery rotations, uniformity of sizecondition, undisturbed roots, protection of roots

After two growing seasons in the field

Bare-rooted seedling Containerized seedling

Two types…

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Containerized Seedlings

Bare Root Seedlings

 Roots separated from the soil in which they were grown before they are planted

 Survival depends on quick re-establishment of functional contact between the roots and the soil

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Bare root Vs Containerized

 Containerized: Extended planting season, better control of germination/growing conditions, shorter nursery rotations, uniformity of size/condition, undisturbed roots, protection of roots

Differ from temperate regions, There is no winter resting

period in tropical countries so bare root seedling rarely

survive and mainly container plants are produced

 Bare-root: cheap to produce, low bulk, easier to transport & handle

in field

Seed collection

Containerized seedling

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Low moisture (4-12%); low temp (<5o C); Dark room

Chemical; mechanical; boiled water

Method (strip/ row/ spot); timing; density

Seed storage

Quality of mother trees; timing

Pre-treatment of seeds

Sowing the seed

Transplanting germinated seedlings Techniques

Container preparing Size; material (soil, fertilize, nutrition)

Tending Watering; covering; fertilizing

Planting technique

Container size

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Quantity of sowing seeds

The number of sowing seeds (X) can be calculated as follows

X =

NP 10

ER

Whereas

X (gr): Quantity of sowing seeds/m2 or m

N: The number of reasonable seedling/m2 or m

P (gr): The weight of 1.000 seeds

Quantity of seedlings

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Seedling Size

Caliper-diameter at root collar (most common

measure of seedling size)

Height

Seedling Size

Best indicator of seedling’s chances of survival

 Relative growth

rate

 Size relative to

competitors

 Resistance to damage

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The less dense you plant seedlings the bigger they will be in a given period of time

Transplanting of bare rooted seedlings is rarely done in the tropics, common practice in temperate regions

Transplanting of contained seedlings is the standard method in the tropics

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Planted seedlings will grow faster initially than seedlings from seed

With planting, wood yields are generally better than with seeded stands

Initial costs may be higher than for natural regeneration and direct seeding

Hole size

The most common and proven technique is the planting hole method

Planting stock (density)

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Big hard wood trees

Mangletia conifera

Pinus sp.

Canarium album

Chukrasia tabularis

…

Sawed wood (small wood)

Acasia sp.

Eucalyptus sp.

Melia azedarach

Styrax tonkinensis

…

1.660/ 2.500/ 3.300

2.200/ 2.500/ 3.300/ 4.500

Square vs Triangle

Field planting

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Tending after planting

Weeding

Fertilization

Protecting from animals

Replanted: failures below 10% are generally not replanted because of the high costs

 To assess the success of your regeneration efforts, it is

necessary to check survival of the seedlings

 One year after planting, seeding, or natural regeneration

has occurred, is a good time for assessment

 A number of plots should be taken over the entire

planting site to get an idea of success over the entire site

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r ~ 5,67 m

Plot area = 100m2 Assessing area = 5-10% total area