English matters magazine 64

Foreign Languages in Europe - the Current Situation By and tame, in Europe pupils are aned between six and nine ygaecgLd when they begin learning a foreign language in state schools.

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inside EH/2017

This & That

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by Katarzyna Szpotakowska

Tunnel of Love—agycgcnas tunnel located near the town of Tianzi Mountains - located in China, named after a leader

Kleven used by yptipics to make wishes and promises of a revolt who called himself 'hand', which means son of

heaven' gorgeous - lantustyczsy, wspanialy

heaven I nrobirsa, niebo

Antelope Canyon - a popular sgni for photographers and

nighnnecs in the USA

spot I to min)scn

sightseer I

• dogsbody—a person who has to do all types of wnrkin an office

and is paid low nngp

• overheads - the cost of the day-to-day running via business

• remuneration— naymnat for work

• sickle—a day of bring on sickleavr (when an usually

preten to be sick)

Naica Mine -located in Mexico, best known for its selenile

crystals and their extraordinary beauty extraordinary I nadzatsrzojny

HR =Human Resources I zosoby sick leave I chorobowe, L4 ludzkie employee I pracownik wage I placa, tygodnrousko to pretend I aiawut day-to-day I codzienoy

running I ru prowodzenie payment I ptsc& wynagrndzenie

F verybodyGossips!

Perez Hilton is one whoth ives on juicy blabber and opoged Hilton was born In Cuban parents in Miami in 1978 At the beginning of his professional life, he tried acting and journalism Later on, not of love for pop culture and glamorous celebrity lifestyles, he oet.tig a blog and epeottioll became a 'cewebrity' or as he calls himself 'The Queen of All Media' fijtjtuggli

he has been hated and condemned by many celebs, his blug is read by millions of internet users worldwide A reconnisable feature of the content on his website is pictures of well-known figures with Hilton's handwritten doodles Perez Hilton is known for posting controversial news and rude remarks as well as for being biased

yggtttst some selected celebrities So far, he has written two books Perez Hilton's Red Carpet Suicide (2009) and the children's book The Boy With Pink Hair (2011) He

has appeared on TV and radio an goggos occasions Perez Hilton openly ythnjts

to being gay and is claimed to he responsible for goifityg some actors, such as for example Neil Patrick Harris

which Deflui:OIi guests acting I gsa akflrrska

make theirdreams come true with the help

of artificial intelligence and the android I dzrnnnikarstwu

eventually I w kofcu, cstateczr

ruthless w.tIas I bezwzglgdny I charakterystyczny, rozpuznau

to seek revenge I szakai zemsty feature I rerha, element

suburban sat, ban / sabs'rban I miesakajycy content I zawartoib,tret/

real astute agent I agent nieruthomnici rude I niegrzeczny

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human flesh I ludzkie mrqso I byE uprzedzonym do

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amusement themed park I park runrynki numerous I urine

to make one's dreams come true outing Ito

I urzerzywntninf marzenni u/awsieflie preferencir

host I gusptdarz

What's on TV?

Taboo

A British TV series

with Tom Hardy aired

since the beginning of

2017 It is Del in 19th

century Britain The main character

returns to London after oggotho several

years in Africa He is ruthless and seeks

revenge after the death of his father

Santa Clarita Diet

A zombie comedy star-

ring Drew Banymore

The story of a suburban

wife, nether and real

estate anent who mysteriously turns into

a cannibal zombie and PIflYIQB itornan

flesh A mixture of Desoerate Housewives

and The Walking Dead as well as family

comedy,

Dgi'LOL DpLomos

by Jonathan Sidor

Even in adulthood, we all strive to develop ourselves digital I cyfrowy, wotoalny

adulthood I doroslot

after our formal education The Internet has made lifelon to strim to do oth I d4zye do zfrobieroa

learning more accessible than ever Leap into cyberspace zrgod

with English Matters as we check out where to find courses lifelong I to: przez tale zycie

to leap into oth I wJukocuyie cod

online without paying a penny

Juniversity or you have a itiahy

job doesn't mean your education

is anywhere near done Aitnot

of resources on the Internet are

available to anyone looking to continue

their schooling in ayggfg3y of fields

online courses, more popularly known

as MOOCs About 35 percent of MOOCs

are available on Coursera The website

boasts partnerships with over 140

uni-versities worldwide, ittniudio the likes

of Princeton Yale, and Stanford Qiilot)

fjji, gfy 2,000 distinct courses can

to grant sb stir I paaraottwat korirui cot

million people were enrolled jot a Coursera programme

All classes on Coursera are offered for free, but certain courses have a special paidthggjouhhgjothe "Signarnre'Ifark."

This ggogis students specialised edge in a given field along with a verified certificate that can come in It when seekin employment A standard course can run anywhere from four to ten weeks

knowl-Students watch uneor two hours of lectures per week, and then complete a hmtdftil of quizzes and exercises Many giajorossjg&

ments are peer-graded, and a web forum facilitates discussion and debate through-out the course For those of us who prefer

to set our own ggçg, Cuarsera also has a fair amount of on-demand subjects thatcan

be completed at a more igjnitrel tempo

Coursera possesses a joggggflg array

of courses for people to choose from Not surprisingly, the most popular fields tend

to deal with technical matters such as

"Progrannoning" nod "Machine Learning."

Others, like "Financial Accounting" or

"Marketing," have a clear business cation A third cluster of courses can be categorised as self-help topics meant to be Pertinent to the real world These include

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Enlightenment at Ed.X

You may have noticed that two esteemed organi-sations, Harvard and MIT, are con-spicuously absent from Coursera's list of partners

• • There's a good reason for this

These titans of higher education - teamed up to form

their own provider of MOOCs, edX, in

2012 Unlike Coarseon and other rival sites, mIX is oyitgiy not-for-profit While paid courses exist, contributions are usedujoejy tojtjmgciidri new courses and jrnjpgoyg the service as a whole

EdX's user base isn't as extensive as Coutsera's, but it's gggçj is still impressive Over seven million studensto flock to go

to include sth I obejmowtt cot ton the other hard I z drugiej strnny ordinary I przeciytny, zczajny

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purely I czysto contribution I ts(datek solely I jedynle, tylkt i wylycznio

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extensive I obszerny reach I zasyg

to flock I grornadnit sig

which are produced by a nntwodi ontPriote

hill 70 member institutions The structure

of lessons at edX is quite similar to that at

Conosera Short video tutorials are

simple-usented with interactive exercises Students

alsoitaveotilinetexlhnoks,discnssronboanis,

and labs at their disnosal Certificates are

banded Out after the completion of a course,

but edX leaves is on to individual institutions

to determine whether or not university credit

can he obtained

EdX was the brainchild of a group

of scientists, and it stays true to its

scientific roots Several courses, such

as "Circuits and Electronics" and

"Computer Science," are probably best

for tech-savvy learners Even so, a wide

yggjgy of courses from disora areas of

study are available as well "Philosophy"

and "Justice" have become popular hits

over the years If you're ccriyjtiggtsjrkier

subjects, then look no more E4X

deliv-ers guggia e in oddball categories like

"Science and Cooking," "Hollywood,"

and "Chinese Thought."

The Rest of the Pack

tion The

third-largess site for

online courses is F -

platform that bails

from the UK It is wholly owned by The

Open University in England, and a huge

chunk of its more than 80 partners are

British Pmoninenthodigs that operate

out-side the sphere of academia, like the British

Museum, are members FuiureLearu is

currently the fastest-growing MOOC

provider out there, with an assortment of

students of around three million Its claim

to fame is hgsijtig the largest audience to

ever aiggtjda single online course session

its,to a lecture on "Understanding IELTS"

conducted by The British Council

A fourth option for e-learning is Udacity, which originally looked

to challenge the other MOOC

I UDACITY giants head-on, I

Upon its creation

LJ t' E1

in 2012, Udacity offered university-slyle lessons very simitarin nature to [oil

or edX Overtime, however, it has shifted gears to focus more on practical, vocational courses that can give job seekers a boost

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by any stretch of the imagination I ruw zadnej rnierze, z pewnoscly no

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English Matters to wicej

ni± tylko magazyn

often encouraned to serve as personal coaches and give

rniir-made feedback to individual participants Well-liked courses

include "Computer Science," "Artificial Intelligence" and 'Web

Development." A paid service known as Nanodegree, meant

to give users the low-down on basic programming skills, is an

accelerated tool that can assist you in ottyighing an entry-level

analyst position at almost any major corporation At the moment,

Udacity's membership is hovering around the two-million

-person mark

lithe big names don't suit you, the list of online platforms

goes on and on Other popular providers include Canvas

Network, which em some experimental teaching techniques

Lynda.com, owned by Liokedin, has a massive video library

of tutorials that give training in a range of artistic and

profes-siooal skills For those aept.iti other languages, Miriada X and

FUN are the largest internet instructors in Spanish and French,

resoectively On any site, variety is clearly the time of the game,

so finding a topic perfect for you should ben niece of cake

Time to Hit the Books

The advent of MOOCs has come about not just because of

impressive technological advances For many people, traditional

brick-and-mortar education simply doesn't cot it It maybe

incompatible with doy-to-day life, and skvrocketinn costs have

posed ahinragice for some Free internet education could

deft-nilelybe asigpig of life in the future, so it's high time to get used

to it today Don't become a laggar who bemoans new-fatigued

technologies Whether it's something serious or just for fun, sign

up for a course that catches your fancy today U

o encouraged I znrhyrony advent of sth I radeilcie

tailor-made I tudopasnwanyl rostano rzegoi

dostnsnwony do indywidualnych advance I poslyp

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feedback I informacja w stalej siedzibie, new

artificial I sztuczny doesn't cat 101 ne

low-down on sth satysfakcjnnuje, nie zadnwala

I rajwaaniejsze niormaqe na day-to-day I codz erny

temot ruegni skyrocketing I aawrntny,

accelerated I przyiplrsznny nszalamiajqry

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Artykut vniqaVha Nannerasia kolamn ntnwnlcoek angleiskirn pornaga udnnledf SlAwka i owroty teiwka, stOre noslaly prznttamarzone proetkurnaceofle prznttamaraone, s4 slOwka nujgzyk polskr,do podkreflone noitrudnieiszych

fonetycana

Dodatok tematyceny, liSta shook, ankusa pnacy dia nautnyciela Wnoystkie 000atk: pobiereesa

Zn strony magazyrra

Strnna magazynu:

englishrnattens.pl Fanpaga no Focebonbu- faceboak.cam/ematters

Oby pobraf MP3,ta opine

Zeskzrraj kind QR tolafoennn/ tobletern I odsinirhal vngrnO

MP3 gdzokolis ekjestei Przyk+adown nplikarjo to skanowania lrodAis QR zsaldziesz Ca colattulnnedia,pl/oeytnik

lak pobnal szyhku kod MP3?

• OtwOrz uplikue1y Okra pozwoi onskanoziai kod yg

• Zbl:2 karueng swalega telefanu tak ubyobeierowa+oealy obrao body QR

• Zaskanal kod a pa rhanli

otrzyrnasz gotowe nagnanie

A well paid job where you can change the future, eat top-quality free food, and also have

a sleep if you're feeling tired! Sound too good to be true? For some people, this dream has become a reality

re you reading this at work? on while reading Sorely this makes the to have a little nao at work! Such compa-

&it you allowed to read English employees tired you may ask? Not aprob- oiesdo exist and the perks don't stop there

where a high quality free lunch is provided

daily, dedicated doctors work oosite to give

free medical care, there are games rooms

and yoga classes Some companies even

give employees massages at work! Om top

of all that the salaries are high tool Sound

good? Well, whether you're reading this

at work, home, on the train or wherever,

read onto find out all about these

amaz-ing firms

Types of Companies

The majurily oldie companies which

have this unusual but beneficial work

style are relatiyely young businesses

based in America They riminly operate

in the technology itimty and are large,

global enterprise s with many employees

around the world, but headquarters (HQ)

in California, USA These HQs are more

than an office, they're bigger even than an

entire office building They are large

com-plexes of buildings built for the respective

dollars They include recreational facilities

as well as work places, and are ately called "campuses" like universities are The atmosphere and style of these companies is epitomised and exemplified

affection-in these Fl Qs, but that's not to say it doesn't exist in other branches around the world;

in most cases, it is company itilico which

is present in all locations —some just have better facilities to exploit it

Google

The search enuiue turned internetgistt.t

is the most well-known site with amazing workplace benefits They csrqabuut their employees from birth to death, with perks rauninu from generous oarental leave

to valuable bereavement packages! The monetary bonuses include a lump su for employees who have a baby, and much higher salaries than gygtgg_e There's also holiday and work leave advantages like extended parental leave, or the option to take time off for further education (paid for hyGongle) In the office there are many reasons it's a dream place to work, such as nusite gardens, comfortable furniture and childcare facilities Around campus, there are ever more perks like yoga sessions, r

a colleague hr I y I huh s I kulrgaz procy dedicated I utfany, zoarigazuwarly medical care I opieka medyczeta

or top of that I na dudatek, puza ryrrr salary I wynatrodarriie, peus;a whether I cz

majority I ayksznif relatively j wzglydnie mainly I gldwnie technology trk'euladi tekrailad31

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branch I galyi ethos 1005 I i On:s lefts facility I tdugtdniertie search engine 53 tf! st:rtf enitin

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valuable I rennywartulciowy bereavement package bfri.vmant pwktd

I pakiet zwiyaariy z zaluby

to include 5th I zaw erat cut lump sum I tulndnorazowa wyptata du±el kooty

average I przeclqtny work leave I ur op advantage ad'soritsdt I ad ateritidt I kurtyff extended I praedfsztny

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rhildcareyacilities I udugudnierou zwlyruuo a

up eky nod dzieckiem

india Matte.' talons7

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other recreational eooioment Finally, the

biggest draw of this employer is the work

environment Google is constantly looking

to httgtove its employees' well-being and

job satisfaction, even encouraninu

work-ersist spend 20% of their time working on

innovative ideas that interest them With

such good care taken of all the 5jgff,

eve-ryone is happy to be at work and glad to

be part of the Google team (if they're not,

there's an onsite psychologist to help!) This

creates a working style and atmosphere

which breeds employee satisfaction, but

also boosts camaraderie and productivity

Like!

Employee happiness is the (outa at

Facebook The top management want

their employees to like being at work, just

as they encourage people to like things

online Social networking platforms now

account for around a gtlyt2gg of all time

spent online, with Facebook being the

most popular site This means a lot of time

also needs to be spent at Facebook HQ

running the organisation What betterway

to encourage people to spend many hours

on campus than to make it a place where

they are happy?! Perks of the job include

free gourmet meals, drinks and snacks

medical cover and savines schemes The

private health care provided caters for all

possible problems the employees could

Math Zucherberg is known to attend these meetings, listening and addressing such concerns, as well as answering questions

on his view of the world

How'd You Like Them Apples?!

Indeed employees get free apples at work The fruit, not the prod- acts! Substantial discounts oniPods, [Pads, iPhones and Macs are also offered though This is just one of the many benefits of working for the software giant Along with that, there is a dream environment

in the office; Apple only eoipiay the best and the brightest, resulting in colleagues

I and managers who are all competent and gggaki_e of contributing to a team, or offer- ing gyjge and toiggaci The company

is also praised for its excellent training, which it provides at the start of the career and on no no-going basis, helping work-ers to pttogtgiss in the company The staff

at Apple are, on averone a bit older than the employees of their competitors This is seen as an advantage by many who believe the extra experience gives them a different attitude towards their work This attitude itnaytly depends on the feeling of mak-ing a contribution to the world Whereas Google ideas help shape the modem world, Apple products contribute significant ly to many people's lives The workers at Apple

have, from needing glasses to undernoinn Stnlitit3P Aswith Google, thguglt, one of the biggest reasons people dream of working for the world's largest social media plat-form, is the work atmosphere Employees

share different style of work at Facebook

Most of the staff are young people with original, innovative ideas and a global thinking outlook They are encouraged

to meet weekly to discuss work problems

Indeed, Apple employees net free apples at work The fruit, flat the prodentot

o climbing wall klapmtt wil I irma

wspinaczkowa

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staff I zespil

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to share sth I dzielii mi outlook I pogqdy

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indeed I w rzerzy samej substantial Ira pokainy, znaczny discount I zoizka software I OprtframoWae

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to shape sth I ksztaltowat cot significantly I zoaczyco

helped make is bringing so many people

enjoyment Creating products loved by

so many, and feeling like you're making

a difference in the world is akey aspect of

Apple's appeal

Driving and the Rainforest

Tesla Motors is a rather unique

com-pany It's the only one in the world which

ciyirn_s to be "making electric cars sexy."

The whole ethos of Elon Mask and his

organisation revolves around changing the

future through ecological solutions For this

reason, the wtrridotie are mostly people

who share similar ideologies and therefore

relish in the unoortonity to wook bra place

where they can drive the world to a better

future This is the math appeal of resin: a

company which demands long boors from

its employees, but tetranls them with a

shared vision, passion and belief A

simi-larly demandinti company is Amazon It

requires staff Input in long henry but also

rewards them with many financial

incen-ifxre and career opportunities Health care

something which it greatly anttreciated

in the USA These employees will soon also have a very unusual perk - Amazon

is growing a huge facility of exotic plants, pieiy for its employceslo use It's an online retail cumnuny called Amazon, which is creating a small amazon for its staff

The Last Advantage With all the companies mentioned, there are a host itf benefits on offer, from relaxa-tion places to the opportunity to change

9 t rejoice in ath I cieszyf sfi cryxi appeal I arok, prwab rainforest I ins deozoarwy

to rtainr I tsserdzii

to rename around 5th I lotcif sit urkifczegui workforce I rita robnrza, prtencjat iudzki, prarownicy,aasoby, iudzkie

In relish In 5th I rrzkrszowaf sly czyrni, delektowaf sir czyrri

opportunity I sposobroif

to demand 5th I aryrnaguf rzegrk

In reward oh I wyrtgraf ref kogri

the people working there, while for others these are only places to dream of work-ing There are even benefits to leaving these companies; they make it easier to get employment elsewhere After all, if someone is leaving such a good company

to join a new one, they most really value the new opportunity Having worked for one of these global leaders also thaws that the individual isexpaninly capable, as they must be a dream employee to have worked for one of the world's dream mmpanies.0 demanding I w-ymogajycy

incentive I mrrywarja, budzier,czyrnik rortyisuryJry

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niezbgdnik prauowniktiw i

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czy i studoottiw kierun-

ktiw medycznych, n lakze

wnzystkich, kitty chcieliby

zgtqhifl lerminologig me-

dycznq Stownik zawie-

ra 120 lys haset, w tym

ponad 60 tysigcy hanet

w czqtici angielnko.pol-

skiej oraz blisko 60 lysiqcp

w czgtici poiskn_angielukiej W aneksie u±ytkownik znajdzie

1000 niezbqdnych zwrotliw i wyrazeti z dziedzinp angiel-

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Cena: 79,90 at

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z cwiczefliami The Eldritch Club

Powiebf science fiction The Eldritch Club to wy-jqlkowa propozycja din mifohników zagadek, fa-now seriali a ajawiakach

N

tadprzyrndzonpch i cieli niezwykfpch hiotori

lropi-Podczas leklury jqcej puwiefici w riaturalny nposOb przyswoisz wsptit- czenne amenykatiskie stownictwa (American English) no poziomie tirednio Zn-nnjenz konntrukcje leksykalno-gramalyczne

wniqgo-Cana: 19,99 zt

EDGARD

Poles become more proficient as foreign language users, or lose, I edorijda

is it quite the opposite? The current issue of English Matters

reveals the whole truth about our grasp of foreign languages grasp of otIs I wfodae,zyrof

Dhas definitely changed over the

years When we look back at

for-eign language education in Poland,

that is before the breakthrough

of 1989 when the system transformation

took otace mainly Russian and German

was taught in schools (Russian gugytijied

English and French were also studied, but

thenamberoflearnetsilcgtiitjttg them was

considerably smaller compared to those

who took comes in Russian

The change of government in Poland

bmoght about a number of political,

eco-nomic and educational changes

associ-ated with Poland's opening up to Western

Europe Polish schools had to respond to

fotthconunn chalienees, one of wldch was

the gosbong demand for foreign language

tttosteslr 090wiE for Western

Eumpeanlun-gauges Accorstina to the Central Statistical

office ofPoland,aithooglshs 1993/94itwas

stilt Russian that dominated Polish schools,

1997/98 saw dramatic changes when

English finally took the lead in Poland,

and was the unquestionable leader over

other languages

Foreign Languages in

Europe - the Current

Situation

By and tame, in Europe pupils are

aned between six and nine ygaecgLd when

they begin learning a foreign language in

state schools According to the report

pre-pared by Eurydice, Key Data on Teaching

Languages at School in Europe - 2012,

although foreign languages now cogsdlorr

part of the cutoiculurn, only about 10% of

total teaching time is ggygd to foreign

languages In many European countries

students learn two foreign languages for at

leastoneyeaeduringcomnulourvedncatinn

The second language is very often iitlln

gggj later on, so students speak it worse

It comes as no surprise that English

is the most commonly taught language

in Europe at all educational stages (it's

an njsijgaitsty language in 14 countries)

In the rngjgi of countries, the second

most popular language is gfijgr German

or French White German is mainly learnt

How Well Do Poles Know

Foreign Languages?

none two foreign

W languages one foreign three foreign language languages

in Eastern or Central Europe, French is predominantly taught in southern parts

of Europe Spanish is usually chosen as the third or fourth most commonly taught foreign language

In Poland, one obligatory foreign guage is introduced as early as in the first

lan-gg of primary school, namely English

The second foreign language is introduced

in the first grade of lower secondary school

How Well Do We Know Foreign Languages?

For many years English has been the king of foreign languages in Poland, and it does net seem to he willing to abdicate the throne, but does the fart that the majority

of Poles learn English mean that we realty know the language? What about other for-eign languages? Let's find nut

In 2015, TNS Poland,a research agency which carries nut Minion nulls, conducted

a survey with the aim of finding out how well Poles know foreign languages One thousand people aged fifteen and over were questioned about their knowledge of languages The results indicated that about 38% of the people interrogated declared that they knew one foreign language, 15%

claimed to know two foreign languages, No

tu bring about sth I przveosrt cot prwnkounc ink forthcoming I madchodzycy

challenge I wyzwan growing I rosnycy demand for sth I zapotmzebowanie no cod, popyt oacob

mastery I oparoware namely I a mioniowic according to sth I wedlug cregol altoagh I choriaz,rhoi

to take the lead I pnzejyf prowadzeone unquestionable koest)amnibl I reefloestnnnowany

by and large I ngolnie arcs binrqc/ujmuyc tuba aged between land 0 years old I by/n

o cbs 0/ ida state school I srkota punstwawa data I dare

to constitute sth I stanowit mi curriculum ka nrkjalum I program nauczanla devoted divaotsd I dionnod I puiw ycony

at least I przynalmnie/, Co najmniej compulsany I nbowiyakowy Introduced I wprnwadzany

it comes as no supnise that I n ejest nlespodzlonkli ze

commonly I powszecbrrio obligatory I ohio yzkowy majority I wiykrzok/

either or I albo alba

a predominantly I przewatajqCo w przewozoiycei mienze grade I Ic klasa primary school I szkola podstawswo secondary school I sole/a frednia

to seem I poglydaf wydawaf sit

to carry act oth I przeproaodzi/, zreal zowod rod opinion pall I bodonir opioii pablczrel

to conduct sth I przeprowadz trot sunny saves / '53 raer I aekieta

to find out sth I dowiedred sq czegci

to indicate that I uskozp'uaf, Se interrogated I pitary

to claim I twierdzif

three 440% declared that they did not know

any foreign languages

The majority of resoondents claim to

know English (57% of those who claim

to know more than one foreign language

know fiat a basic level) The second most

popular foreign language is Russian-34%

of the respondents questioned claim to

have elementary knowledge of Russian,

11 % declare knowing it quite well The

third foreign language in the mainstream

is Gertuan - it is spoken by 3896 of those

who intifitibi they have knowledge of at

least one foreign language

The survey data, however, does not

pggyg clearly whether we really are better

foreign language users, or the results are

just a matter of our increased self-esteem

The report prepared by the Central

Sta-tistical Office of Poland in 2015 (Quality

of Life in Poland 2015 edition) indicates

that about 45.8% of Poles claim to know a

foreign language communicatively (it helps

them to meet their basic language needs)

That corresponds withthe report prepared hy

the Rundsiad Research Institute (on the basis

ofthe results ofpoils conducted byMillward

Brown in six big cities in Poland), according

to which 49.6% of the interviewees (if

4000 people questioned) claim to have

elementary skills in one foreign language

According to the report, English appears to

be the most widely known foreign language

in Poland - 17% of respondents assert that

they know it well, or they even boast abont

language omficiency, while rti1oi1 5%

state they are proficient in Gemnan When

in foreign languages, English again tuniss

the hinhest Roughly 131% of respondents declare knowing Russian at a basic level (the second language after English), Getman comes next in this category

Foreign Languages

- Plain Sailing?

It seems that learning foreign guages does not fill us with iitnu any-more The data mentioned above gives

lan-on some reaslan-ons to remain optimistic - it

is not so bad with our foreign language proficiency However, because only about 17% of us claim to be proficient foreign language users, there in still lots to do

We do hope that reading English Matters

will be of meat assistance to all those who wish to become aces at using English • Bibliography:

Cereal Otalntcal Office of Poland 'Qoality of Lile in Poland 2015 edcom'lctp:IIstataos.pt/esxopirn/

lislog wlmd-2ulseditiony,2.lunl.2015.tyfib U Jan 20t7

rond.unnsllismg-rmdiriuen/qsalliy.of-hfn.u-Eurydice 'Key Data on Teaching Laoncaoen

at School in Europe - 2012 Edition hOp:lleaceo

ec.eoenpa.euleducauoolnorydire/docnments4cey date nenienl143uN.pdf 2012 Steb 303m.2017

Rondstod Do the Polish speak foreign languagen?'hnp:/trunnno.rnndscad.pllabuat-randsradf ainui-unlnewrfdo-the-polish-speok-toeeige-lon-fuagen/ 2510 Web 12 Jan 2017

wthbleesin-pevlalç K and L Staohmouska, own: Plefreeneje icoykowe niodnety polsldei olursinuumlnunanji.issll-1999.sindiausrepqstie

t, pp 99 ttt

Vocab Trainer

Al work you maybe asked to describe information on graphs In order to describe small changes, use adjectives

or adverbs:

• gotaiss for example, Prices rosegeutly

through the year

• gretigully for example, Sales increased

gradually from June to August 2014

• oijghd for example, Theprices of oil

have been fg((fgg slightly since May

2016

• 5lQoil , for example, BME'n sitato

gyfe has been going op steadily for

the loot three months

In order In describe big changes, use the following adjectives or adverbs:

• 1iaggegl for example, Prices rose suddenly in April 2015

• SiturPilo for example, Sales increased

sharply from June to August 2014

• dramatically, for example, The prices

of oil have been (Idling dramatically

since May 2016

• gigi, for example, BME's share price has been going up a lot for the last three mouths

in order to I oby,±eby gently I dcl katnie

to rise) wzrastat gradually I stopntown slightly I lekko

to fall I spudof steadily I miurowo, rfwnomlernle share prim I ceno akcji, ceno adzialu suddenly I naglu, znienacka sharply I ostx, gwaftownie alto I daft, sport

a to assert that I twierdniE/utrryrvguai, or

to appear Ito ueydawaisg

to boast about 5th I szcrynf Siy chualti sly

language proficiency I biegloki w poslugiwanlo sic lorykiom roughly rrfl I mn:ej wiqcei r grubsra

a to rank the highest I zamowaf naeqzsri puZyujc

plain sailing I bulka z reaslerv, pestkn, latwuna

to filch with sth I napeiniuf kofof czyus dread I 10k obaoa trwoga, strumS

to be of great assistance to ski byf din kogof snielky porrocy

EngLish Immersion on Roge

by Katarzyna Szpotakowska

English Matters talks to Don Allen, the founder of Krakow King's Players theatre, the

cradle of entertainment, wisdom and total immersion in the English language

When people come to see us, I'd like them

to fool as though they've escaped from their lives and they're folly immersed in the story and emotion of the characters,

—a English Matters: Could you tell EM

readers how Krakow King's Players

theatre began? How long have you been

nerfornmto in KrakOw?

Don Mien: During the summer of 2015

I had a strong desire to see some theatre

But I discovered there was nothing for me

in English, not in Krakow, not in Warsaw!

My immediate thou gt was, what a great

onnurlunily! SoIfettttg KrakOw King's

Players Our first performance took place

within two months of the idea so, I'm sure

you can appreciate, it was a crazy lime!

EM: What is the unique allure of the

theatre and what makes you so

passion-ate about it?

DA love theatre! It's a very special place and I feel two strong, oggositig, emotions calmomisand uxWernerell Ilovethe fact thatyrm canbeicdreepelmig,ssthea2cessuycuran mallyfeettheirmo000mandmcigy Arid tlove dofogit–Itowwoddcgssithulresarolgetting thmntohuildandinmrovetheniselvosmaclo,n

o immersion I zanurzenie si) founder I zo!ozcial cradle I kolebka entertainment I ruzrska wisdom I rodroi

to perform I wystqpowaE,dawai przedstaw:ersa

In discover 5th I rdkri cog immediate I natycbmizstuo

thought I mygl opportunity I spusobnola

to bond 5th I zaluryf :ui performance I Wv5t5p

to take plum I rued roiejscu within 0 months I w ngu I ruusi0ry

to appreciate sth I docenri cog allure 1 :oe(r) / a/or I powab, urok

a opposing I przeciwstawny calmness kumnas I spukfj excitement I pofekscytowanie proximity I bliskodf

to get sOlo do 5th I skioniaf kogud do z/robienra [zegof

to improve oneself I podnosiE swIl pocorn, rozwIjai 515

with the actors? How to you help them

to blossom?

DA: First, actors teed to know how to

move around the stage and how to stand It

sounds ridiculous bali oust me, there is

spe-cial way Then, we have to start revealing the

layers (the emotions) of the characters—and

that'sthebaopartlgcaolookeasy — the

same way we imagine driving a Formula 1

racing car looks easy—but once you fly, you

woo discover just how difficult it really is

As a ghggfrg I nut a treat deal into each

actor's perfonnance, I will show them how

to move, how they should say their hoas, or

question them about their motivation (for

doing things) In some cases the actors then

start to grow and develop themselves —and

that's the best point to be at! But directing is

haul work—holding everyone together and

trying to gel them to deliver the performance

you're happy with

EM: What do you offer to gghjg

audiences, and how can Itendgm

ben-efit from visiting the theatre? How do

you combine PIdM 51111,h workshops?

DA: My aim is quite simple - t want

Krakow King's Players ttegletiainpeople

But this doesn't mean performing only

comedies When people come In see us,

I'd like them to feel as thong they've

escaped from their lives and they're fully

immersed in the story and emotion of the

characters KrakOw King's Players are also

unique because, after each performance, the

actors return to the stage and share a

qnes-tint and answer session with the audience

- and reveal the highs land lows) of the

ushearsa period

Young people benefit because of the

style of language we use And one

par-ticular pubis that has been important in

making us popularwith our audience is our

style of writing All our plays have been

written by English writers but, because

nut actors are from Poland and

othercoun-tries (Bulgaria, Croatia France, India,

Netherlands, Slovakia, UK, USA), they

have helped us to amend the dialogue so

we can be better understood

A lot of our audience also feel they

want tones involved and be a part of the

is taking part in our acting workshops

People ggegthgg the workshops have the opportunity to work with a professional director, work in English and find outwhat

it takes tube an actor

We run acting workshops it high schools and also in groups for individuals

We also have a unique workshop that gives everyone the opportunity to be directed

by a professional director and tiggeay in a play - so you can get to experience, first hand, what it feels like

EM: How often do you perform?

DA: At least one weekend every month, and as we attract more theatre utitiea and begin to tour, this will increase It's also very nice that people have heard of KrakOw King's Players and we are now being invited to perform

in theatres

EM: The plays pggggd in the theatre deal with difficult subjects such as, for example, death, betraval or salvation

3 t blossom I rrzkw,tai, kwitryf

to move around sth I ptraszai sly yr caymi ridiculous rfdmkialas I aabawne, imleszre, idiotytzrre

to reveal sib I odlrrpuat cot layer Irma(:) /lea(r) I worsswa acting I wystypowarle, grarie director I to: mci yser

to put a treat deal into sth I praykiadaf daly wagy do caegoi

lines I koesse rose I !u pmzypadek

to deloor sob I frr: stworuyi rot adult I dorosly audionre odians I publiczortt,wrdowera teenager I sos:olatek

to benefit from sth I koszystaf z coegri

to combine sth with sth I lyczyf cot z rayon workshop I oorsztrs

as soon os I tdv5vr until I az Idol What criteria do you take into account when choosing the plays to be staged? DA: We choose ourplays based on one simple question—are they entertaining? We musthelieve that the audience will enjoy the enpecienceufppgodjtrgtheir(valnoah(e)rinne watching us If we believe the answer is yes and it's entertaining, then we will do it! highs and lows I szlrty i upadk: rehearsal 51 I pniba Croatia cs cr10 I Chorwacja Netherlands I Holamdra

to amend sth I ulepszyi cot

to get involved I byd zaango±owunim

4 t attend sth I uczysrczof flu cot, uczestnimzyf wozymi

to find not sth I dow:edzoi sly czegoi

to run sth I fa:prowadzc out

to appear I pojawif sit first hand I z plersszrj ryk:

at least I co rajmniej venue 'vrnlu: I mie)sce (np koncertu, sposkania)

to Increase I woraslaf, sosryt invited I zaprosarri staged I wystaarrasy death I trr:eni betrayal I zdsoda salvation I mbaw:eeie sto take sth into account I brat rot pod owogy

On enjoy sth I cieszyt sly z czetot, czurpaf

z rzegot radott spending I :ospydzooie valuable I cenny

play?

GA: Ilsigh one! I'm going to say, The

Woman In Block The story of a lawyer

obsessed witha curse that he believes has

been cast over him and his family by the

spectre of a Woman in Black, ongugun a

sceptical young actor to help him tell his

itysifing story and onQtci the fear that

grills his soul It all begins innocently

enough, but then, as they reach further into

his darkest memories, they find themselves

caught twin a world of eerie marshes and

ntnasiin winds

I've seen it a few times and I'm

impressed by it—there are only two actors,

it's a great story and you're dalittitel

enter-rained (and grsitdl) It's very good

EM: How does the work of an actor

in the theatre differ from what TV

actors do? What are the challenges?

DA: Theatre and TV/Film acting

require two different skill-sets Generally,

in theatre, you IgiEdise for fourweeks and

then perform up to ten times a week—and

you need to net it right every single per

-formance! In TV/Film (sometimes) there

is NO rehearsal - you're expected to 'do

it' immediately Plus, in TV/Film your

acting will be small and gobhig, but in the

theatre you have to give the same emotion

and feeling 10500 people in the audience

EM: What difficulties do you nggg

tee in running an English speaking

thea-tre in Poland?

DA: Finding the actors is the biggest

challenge There are many talented actors

in Poland, but speaking English and then

acting in English is out easy! But everyone

has been really p,yj ortiye And we also

have avery supportive, and famous, patron

of Krakdw King's Players, Mrs Christina

Podlasky

EM: Is it possible to see you in other

cities in Poland, anart from Krakow?

Do you, or would you like to travel

around the country with your

perfor-mances?

DA: We will be performing in Tarndw

soon It's our main ggui, this year, to

perform in towns and cities throughout

Poland So if anyone reading this would

EM: What examples are there of words and phrases that can be learnt during the plays?

Iran share with you some direct pies from the programme of our last play, It's OnlyABed!, which included some nice colloquialisms:

exifin-Catty - deliberately hurtful in one's remarks

Rogerisation - a man that can't stop flirting with women

Spoon - a way of sleeping with your arms wratnned around your partner

Sticks and stones—an English language children's rhyme

Tyrant — a cruel and oppressive ruler, EM: What will Krakow King's Players be like in 2017?

DA: We will be better known, and the most exciting and entertaining English speaking theatre in Poland! We cucrgyid have five plays in our repertoire (including

a modem day adaptation of Shakespeare's

Much Ado About Nothinu), and we will he adding at least four new plays We will also

he delivering a lot more acting workshops U

slough I trudny lawyer lola(:) I l):jar I pruwnik curse kr's! ks:rs I klqtwa, przeklefstwo cast I raucory

spectre I ajanu, nuidmo

to engage oh I argazoasaf, ratrtdnrai kugof terrifying I prnoraiajycy, straszny

to exorcise sth I porbyf siy ranged

In trip sth I inskai rot

soul I dusra

Don Allen

Don Allen began his career as an actor and performed around the UK, includ-ing the West End, and a tour across the USA He then moved into film, and directed and produced two feature films Recently he co-directed, with

Ind

a Cannes Pulme d'Or winner, a cross-media piece for the London BFi

He founded Krakdw King's Players September 2015

continues to develn) it as

innocently I niewinnie further irtairl / fr:rlar I dalej caught up In sth I awikiany w rot eerie I tu:peler gruay, upiorny marsh I bogno, momary moaning I wylycy, zawodaycy definitely I zderydawanie scared I przero±onp

to differ from sb I rtanid siq in kogot challenge I vsyzwanir

to require sth I arymagaf czegut

skill-sat I nestaw omieiytrntci

inn gel ir lunch with sb I s/kartaktooaf siy

to agree I agadzat 5i

In include 5th I nlyt:ai cot deliberately I ceitwo, a mzmysleu hurtful I runyry

remark I uwagn wrapped around sb I owinitly wokll kogot ruler I nladca,raydayry

currently I oberrre Math Ado About Nothing I ,Wiele halusu 0 nit"

We're all familiar with

the American Dream, but

what about the American

Nillhtmare? English Matters

travels to the darker corners

of US culture to illuminate

what Americans find scar

irksome and downrieht

nasty

Rmerica's pop culture often

glori-fies the glamorous Hollywood

lifestyle and the lofty gpgiu

Americans aspire to Just like

any, society, however, there is a

gaily underbelly to the United Slates that

rarely receive as much fanfare While

they may try to hang their tsilfliei

hid-den, Americans have their fair share of

the test of us

A Government Gone Bad

Americans cherish their esteemed democracy, suit's no wonder that threats

to or from their government dndgilt uglisin them Any ffln.t of corruption or political misconduct typically sends Americans ucciltry- Scandalsgutycu substantial media ototemiliwwithslfr I lyanafrmenrrztrrnt nightmare I kosamar

to illuminate oth I rrurzacai iwiatlu nacog scary I strosroy

irksome I denerwujycy, myczycy downright Iuprust nasty I paskadny, abrzydliary glamorous I peter blrcbtru lofty I szczytny, wrnitsfy goal I cal gritty I tu:nreapmyksztny, nataralistycany, duleki ud deaki

I cemrra strona

to receioe fanfare I ntrzymywac

a ofa ry

to keep sth hidden I trzymai cot w ukrycin, ukrywnd cog

worry I zmoartwirnie fairshare of 5th I du±uczegut zgnoeremeflt I rzqd

to cherish uth I reni sobie rut esteemed I powazaay, szannwany it's no wonder I sic dziwnegn threat I groiba deeply I glyboko, ru mama

to agitate ab I ptraszai ktfof, ptwadowou cryjet waburuerrie

hint I raprzejuw misconduct I niewlatciwe zachowanie, ate pmowadrenie sly

to send sb reeling I sprawii, ze pod kimi nogi siy ugirajy

to garner 5th I zgarniai cod substantial sai'stwmrfl I to: dozy

despots

4

L

forget political improprieties Americans

take their patriotism seriously and

under-stand that their democracy irgincj.tgs far

wider than any individual politician

Evenwiththis love of country, there are

certain boundaries which Americans will

not pggrnjt their government t One

such case involves the right to own gisin

Gun ownership is constitutional freedom

that goes hand_n-foaodwiththehirthaf the

USA Americans contend that they must

be prepared to overth tyrants That's

why no ourtaikin politician would advocate

stripping Americans of their firearms

Most countries have completely banned

!ngtays but Americans would fllpyut

if anyone dared gityg their precious guns

from their hands

At times, America's obsession with

its government manifests itself as

flat-out paranoia During

the Cold War,

those same fears of

gigitygie and

sub-version can rear their

univ heads Americans

could easily turn on

one of their own

tar-An Evolvinll America Another feartineedwith a hint of xeno-phobia concerns the USA's demographic shifts Tuvo fears strike at the heart of more

conservative Americans First, there is the prognosis that the United States will iggyitabl lose its white indiodju Higher hulk rates amongst Asian and Hispanic communities are modifying the cultural titukotip of the United States Illegal

a impropriety I niestosownosi

to stretch I rordipab sr boundary I gramsa

to permit sb to do sth I przrsolti komrri na fits

to cross sth I przekraczaf cot ease Sprawa

to inwhre sth I tu-dotyczyb czegoi

to own sth I p050mb rot fan I bun gun ownership I posrudanin broni

to go hard in hand with sth I llE ramy w

to contend that I tu-atrryrrrissab Zr

touuerthruw Sb I nialaf begot tyrant tatrant I tyras,

to advocate sth I poprnrab rot

to strip Sb of sth I turodbreraf komuf cot obdz erab kogol z czegot firearms I bran palna

to ban sth I zakozni rzego handgun I krdtka bran palea

to flip out I widec siy strati tad soby kontroiq

to dare I ohm ebb sg

to prim sth I wywauyb podanauytsrrl hr uvytryoboot

precious prefac I canny flat-oat I rrrAmEwrycz wprnst neighbour I sysiad

to turn on sit I zwracab sit przeciwkn komut, sboczyb no kagat, zalutakowab kogot (slownie)

rumour r mo/ri I p otka overthrow I obalenie np rzydu(

to abound I obttowab, tar byb iconym fear 11th, obawa

espionage

espano3

I sap egostwo subversion

I propagundu uwrotowa

to rear one's ugly head znoaer} dawab o sobie oat I koziofofarny

us minority I rirnrejszotf a

norelowniku nktwdzerdu lekcewaoen e eanloing I r000arjaJycy ewoluujyoy tinged with sth I lekkr zabarwrony rzyrrrs

neruphobia rena tush a /,zena loobra

I ksnnofobia, nreobgb do lab/i starch pod ludimr z rnnych krallw

to concern sth I dotyczyb cangaf shift I prresun yule, zmiooa inevitably in'evitabli I nieuchronnie majority I wiykszotb birth rain I wskainik nurodzirr community I spofecznoid make-up I rn-sb/ad, struktaro

itsowo,ggjn countless ethnic

minori-ha too Demographic trends indicate tminori-hat

whites in the USA will become a minority

by 2044

Second, these shifts are hurting the gr1

moat of the English language in America

Over 40 million Americans are native

Spanish speakers Motsovoc Spanish classes

are becoming asiggirt inmhtt000agrilnaty

schools across the country Whetberit's due

romdalsrlioguislicallerationanewbreed

ofcninaeshnck will ji)yhbold-fashioned

Americans in the coming years

Monetary Maladies

If you oppipto ynurgpge American,

you may hear the aggasid adage that the

United States is the greatest country on

Earth Whether you believe that idea or

not, many Americans buy into it As is

such, success is highly valued in American

culture This is usually tied to financial

wealth The downside is that failure to

asiebo a certain standard of living uoin

numerous Americans Theirobses-

shin with money is toxic

America's number one financial fear is

not having enough money for the future

It's fair to call America a workaholic

cul-ture Americans work longer hours and

have shorter holidays than their European

counternarrs Hnnytnyer, you won't hear

them contnlaiuiisr about it It's essential

o stirring I pal5ry

issue I koestia

It bring in sth I wprtwadzeb wnosif ml

countless I niezlirzone

ethnic minority I mniejszoia etniczna

to indicate that wskozywa& cc.,

primacy I pryrnat plerszef5twn

moreover I ponailt

staple I tu:wa.inauyif(naacaanial,stabyelement

primary school I szkola pndstawnwa

whether I cry

duo 105th I z ptwndu caegtb

breed I tu.'typ, rndzal

to be likely to I byi prtwdopodobnyni

to hit Sb I uderayf kognt

melody I toibnlyrzka, problem spnlerzny

financial future Losing your job, or even hauling in less cash than your associates, can he disastrous in numerous American circles Apart from making day-to-day life tougher, missing out onaffluence may also bear a sizeable social stigma America's worries over money can be exacerbated because they are often coupled with another significant stressor: iee

health cure costs The United Slates has the world's priciest health care network, and large portions of the population aren't covered by any medical insurance plan Many Americans dread illness and ipjuryes tenon into sb I wpafi no kognt average I przro5tny age-old I stary)ak iwiat adage I pnizekadir, vaksyrea

to bay into ill kopowaf to tied to sib I zwiyzoriy, powiyzary z czyvf wealth I btgactwt

downside I minus failure I pora±ka, niepowndznnio

In attain sth I zdobywaf cot

to patsb on edge I doprooadzai no okra) zalamaria nerwowego

enough I wystarcza)yct counterpart I odpnwiednik however I jednak/ze

to complain about sth I narzekai so cot

010 ensure sth I zupewriid (5nbie) cot secure I siabilny, pewny, bozpreczny

to haul in to h)l in I zarabiaf cot, wycrtgaf associate I wspiloilcwspilpracnwrrk disastrous I katostrofalnv apart from sth I opricz czegoi

to miss out on sth I stracif nina)5 do uzegof affluence I dostatek, dnbnobyt sizeable 'saizabl I mommy, znaczycy exacerbated I pngtnszsny, z005trmnny, tu

psaiiksmnny coupled with sth I w pnlyrzenv z czyneb, w pnrle 2 ri/mi

steep I stromy, tuwysobi health are costs I kosztyopieki zdrowotnej macmd I pokrywany

insurance plan I plan ubezprecreniovq

to dread sth I obowiaf siy czegot Illness I cbnrobo injury I uszkrdzenie, oraz, kontuzja