Kỹ năng thi tiếng anh ngữ pháp toeic

Ngữ pháp tiếng Anh ôn thi TOEIC cung cấp đầy đủ các dạng ngữ pháp trong thi Toeic, có ví dụ minh họa và bài tập hệ thống, rất hữu ích. Tài liệu luyện thi Toeic với ngữ pháp ôn thi TOEIC sẽ giúp bạn học tốt vượt qua kì thi TOEIC này.

CÂU BỊ ĐỘNG

I CẤU TRÚC BỊ ĐỘNG

hiện tại đơn is/am/are + V3/EDquá khứ đơn was/were + V3/EDhiện tại tiếp diễn is/am/are + being + V3/edquá khứ tiếp diễn was/were + being + V3/ed hiện tại hoàn thành have/has + been + V3/edquá khứ hoàn thành had + been + V3/edcan/could/will/would/must can/could/will/would/must + be + V3/edhave to/used to/be going to have to/used to/be going to + be + V3/ed

EX: Tim buy the book

The book is bought by Tim

II Một số dạng câu bị động đặc biệt

1 Những cấu trúc bị động không được sử dụng với giới từ “by”

Ex: They were preoccupied with the provisions in contract.

Her eyes is suddenly filled with tears

The sails were filled with the wind

2 Động từ have

S + have + O ( người) + V1 + O (vật)

S + have + O (vật) + V3 + BY O (người)

She has Tom (wash) her car

She has her car (wash) by Tom

3 Động từ cảm giác (perceptual verbs): see, watch, hear, observe,…

S + V + O + V1/Ving

S + be + p.p + to V1 + by O

Ving

My mother saw the children swimming on the water.

The children were seen swimming in the lake

They saw the thief steal my purse

The thief was seen to steal my purse

4 She ……….by him because she didn’t work effectively

a would not be asked

b would be not asked

c have not been accepted

d have not accepted

16 Attendance records must… to the director by next Thursday

a be submit

b submitted

19 A survey of mobile phone use… …the company.

a was conducted with

24 Interested applicants should…………a impressing resumé and cover letter

to Mr Pike by next Monday

29 Due to the rivising cost of materials, Hirosue Manufacturing will

be………….on ak of its products

ĐẠI TỪ

ĐẠI TỪ

NHÂN XƯNG

TÍNH TỪ SỞ HỮU

TỪ

ĐẠI TỪ PHẢN THÂN

mineourstheirsyourshishersits

meusthemyouhimherit

myselfourselvesthemselvesyourself/yourselveshimself

herselfitselfLàm chủ ngữ

ĐTSH = TTSH + N

Ex: My hair is longer thanhers (=her hair)

Ex: She herself carries out this job

3 By oneself = alone = on one’s own : một mình

She carries out this job by herself

1 I go for a walk by……….

4 Joe Jefferson, the purchasing manager, will contact each supplier…………to

negotiate shipping prices

10 If the task is too complicated to figure out on……… own, please don’t hesitate

to ask one of our representatives, who are here to help

a you

b your

c yours

d yourself

11 After Ms.Johnes receives all the customer evaluation forms, she will begincarefully reviewing……

MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

I MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

1 WHO: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm chủ

ngữ

Ex: He was a scientist He received The Nobel Rize

He who received The Nobel Rize was a scientist.

2 WHOM: đại từ quan hệ chỉ người, đứng sau danh từ chỉ người, chức năng làm tân

ngữ

Ex: He was a my friend I met him a year ago

He whom I met a year ago was a my friend.

3 WHICH: đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật, đứng sau danh từ chỉ vật, chức năng làm chủ ngữ

hoặc tân ngữ

Ex: The book is interesting She bought it yesterday

The book which she bought yesterday is interesting.

He often helps everyone, which makes him become friendly.

………

………

4 THAT: thay cho Who/Whom/Which.

Dùng That: - Trong mệnh đề quan hệ xác định (the, this, these, those, his, her…

- Luôn dùng “ that” sau: all, everything, something, anything, little, much,none và so sánh nhất

KHÔNG DÙNG THAT: sau dấu phẩy “,”

5 WHOSE: đại từ quan hệ chỉ sở hữu, thay thế cho tính từ sở hữu trước danh từ,

đứng sau danh từ chủ sở hữu

Ex: I will introduce you to the man His knowledge is necessary for your project

I will introduce you to the man whose knowledge is necessary for your project.

6 WHEN: đứng sau danh từ chỉ thời gian.

Ex: Thurdays is the day when she meet her father.

at/on/in which, then when

7 Where: đứng sau danh từ chỉ nơi chốn.

Ex: Paris is the place where I want to come.

at/in/to which, there where

8 WHY: đứng sau “the reason” chỉ lí do.

That is the reason why she tries to work hard.

II GIỚI TỪ TRONG MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

The teacher whom we studies with a month is Mr Rock

………

WHOM Giới từ +

WHICH

Nếu giới từ đứng cuối mệnh đề quan hệ thuộc một cụm động từ thì không đem giới

từ ra trước whom, which

Ex: That is the hat which he is looking for.

III RÚT GỌN MỆNH ĐỀ QUAN HỆ

A DẠNG CHỦ ĐỘNG : Ving

1 The man who is playing tennis with her is a actress.

The man playing tennis with her is a actress.

2 The customers who complainted about service should see the manager

………

B DẠNG BỊ ĐỘNG: V3/ed

1 The automatic system which is created by Mr Sidney is good pratice.

The automatic system created by Mr Sidney is good pratice.

2 She who was interviewed a days ago was entirely suitable

………

EXERCISES

1 The house (paint) in white is where he lives

2 Tom lives in a building (have) twenty storeys.

3 He (invite) to her birthday is teacher

4 My friend,Jack,(that, who, whose) parents live in Glasgow, invited me to

spend Christmas in Scotland

5 This is the gun with (that, whom, which) the murder was committed.

6 The meal,(that, which, whose) wasn’t very tasty, was expensive.

7 She gives her children everything (that, what, who) they want.

8 Tell me (what, that, which) you want and I’ll have you.

9 He teaches me (how/where/what/when) to play the guitar

10 (What/Which/Who/That) he have to do before receives this job.

11 He ask her (what,when,which,that) he should do it.

12 The reason (why, that, what) I phoned him was to invite him to party

13 I don’t like people (who, whom, whose) never stops talking.

14 I don’t believe the story (that, who, whom) she told us.

15 I live in Vietnam (in which/whom/that) I was born.

16 The mother teach me (how/what/where) to cook the food.

17 ………he ask for information, we will be happy to help you with all our heart

25 A Grandeur spokesperson also stated that ample parking space is

available,………an underground facility

S + Linking Verbs + as + ADJ + as + S2

Ex: This printer is as effective as that one

That bedroom is twice as heavy as the one.

Ex: He has as many books as she does

II So sánh không bằng

tính từ

S1 + Linking Verbs + not + as + adj

+ as + S2

Ex: This inflation rate this year is not as

high as last year

trạng từS1 + V + not + as + adv + as +S2

Nhấn mạnh: THÊM FAR/ MUCH

S1 + V + far/much + ADJ/ADV (ngắn) + ER + THAN + S2

far/much + more/less +ADJ/ADV (dài) + THAN + S2

Ex: My book is far thicker than yours

His car is far more expensive than mine

2 Danh từ:

S + V + more/fewer/less/ + noun + than

Ex: He has less money than she has

IV SO SÁNH KÉP

1 càng càng

The + SSH + S + V, The + SSH + S + V

Ex: The higher the sun ries, the warrner the weather is

The more difficult the test is, the bader the mark is

S + V + THE most + adj/adv (dài) + S2

least + adj/adv (dài)

Ex: He is the tallest in this class.

Bảng so sánh tính từ, trạng từ bất quy tắc

far (place + time) further furthest

old (people and things) older/elder oldest/eldest

1 She works as……….money as he do

a much

b many

c little

d a & c is correct

2 He has as……… book as she do.

6 Between them, she is……

9 One of the…………moments of my life was the moment that I saw the – face of

my new-born daughter for the first time

a great

b greatest

d more attractive than

13 Under a new law, accountants who produce false documents are subjectto……….penalties than they were a few years ago

b as

c that

d too

Ex: He not only refused to help me but he also laughed at me.

Not only did he refuse to help………

Ex: You should not travel alone under any circumstances

Under no circumstances should you travel alone

Only twice in the last thirty years……….the company seen such low salesfigures

a has

b does

Al: substantial, initial, local

Ful: successful, useful

Tive: effective, competitive, imperative, attractive, successive, consecutive, Ent: current, apparent, confident, urgent

Ous: dangerous, generous, humorous

BLE: responsible, flexible

Less: careless, harmless

Ly: frinedly, lovely, costly,

Y: rainy, muddy

Ic: economic, specific

Tory: mandatory

Ed: interested, surprised, bored

Ing`: interesting, surprising, boring

Ex: I am interested in this book

This book is interesting

That is book interesting

Everybody was (surprised/surprising) at his successful report.

He is a very (interested/interesting) person.

She studies very fastly She has made (astonishing/astonished) progress.

It was a really (terrifying/terrified) experience.

late (a/adv): trể

lately (a/adv): gần đây

hard (a/adv): chăm chỉ

hardly (a/adv): hầu như không

III Vị trí của trạng từ và tính từ

- Đứng trước danh từ

Ex: The girl have long hair.

- Đứng sau động từ to be, stay,

remain, become, seem, feel,

- Đứng trước tính từ Ex: She finishes quickly difficult job.

- Đứng trước trạng từ

Ex: Mary has fulfilled the work

look, keep, make…

Ex: She is a considerate person

She becomes confused when meeting

me

completely well.

- Đứng sau động từ thường Ex: He speaks English fluently.

- Nhấn mạnh: trạng từ đứng trước V thường.

Ex: He always deal with the mail first.

- - Đứng đầu câu

- Ex: Unfortunately, the tickets aresold out

- Be/have + adv + V2/ed/ing

Ex: This contract is successfullysigned

1 The Department of Industrial Relations no longer believes

that………reiews of employee pay and conditions are necessary

17 The weekend program of special activities for handicapped children was agreat success thanhks to those who generously………their time.

a volunteered

b volunteering

c voluntary

d voluntarily

18 Although he did not perform…………well as a student, he went on to

become one of the most respected scholars in his field

21 She isn’t hard but… she passes this test.

24 He describes the harmful effects of mercury, a chemical

substance……….know for its use in toy manufacturing

a automatical

(ask, require, request, suggest, recommend, decrease, insist, move,

propurse, urge, stipulate)

B DÙNG VỚI TÍNH TỪ

It + (be) + (that) + S2 + (not) + V1

(essential, vital, necessary, important, mandartory,

1 It's essential he his term paper by the and of next week

a submit

b submits

c will submit

GIỚI TỪ

1 at

- at 9 a m, at night, at present, at once, at night,……

- at home/ at the station/at price/ at the the end/………

2 on

- on Monday/ on March 25th/ on New Year’s Eve

- on TV/ on the second floor/ on N.DU street/ on the market/ on the Internet

- in the office/ in Paris

EX: He will present at precisely 10 p.m, on October 21th

4 for: for 5 years/ fỏ a month/

5 during + thời điểm, thời kì ( vacation/ the meeting/the performance…)

6 by + time

Ex: He must submit the applications by Tuesday

7 into: vào trong

8 with: với

Ex: The secretary will provide us with important documents.

12 behind: phía sau

13 beyond: phía trước

14 between… and: ở giữa ( so sánh hai đối tượng)

15 among: trong số (so sánh hơn hai đối tượng)

16 beside: bên cạnh

17 besides: ngoài ra

18 from: từ

19 throughout: + time: xuyên suốt Ex: throughout a year

+ place: khắp nơi Ex: throughout country

GIỚI TỪ LIÊN TỪ NGHĨA

Because of, due to,

owning to

Because, since, as, seeingthat, now that

Bởi vì

Despite, in spite of Although, even though,

even if, though Mặc dù

In order to, so as to So that, in order that Để mà

In the case of: trong

trường hợp In case: phòng khi

Moreover, further more Hơn thế nữaHowever, nevertheless Tuy nhiênTherefore, thus, so Vì vậyUnless, if….not,

otherwise, or nếu khôngWhile, whereas Trong khi

As if, as though Như thể, dường nhưProvided, as long as,

Whether….or (not) Có….không

SINCE + (N.P/ CLAUSE/TIME): bởi vì, kể từ khi

UNTIL + (N.P/CLAUSE/TIME): cho đến khi

ONCE: một khi, đã từng

NGUYÊN TẮC:

- GIỚI TỪ + N.P (despite + N.P)

- KHÔNG GIỚI TỪ + CLAUSE

1 She has lived in New York (within/for/since) last year.

2 I have taught this school (for/since) 2 years.

3 The engineer has been fixing the computer for four hours

4 She has a meeting with the manager in three hours

5 Mary will go to Paris (in/for/before/within) ten days

6 The secretary must forward this document to director (until/by/at/within)

10 p.m

7 This store is open (until/by/at/within) 11p.m

8 You can get a full refund (within/by/on/for) 30 days of purchase.

9 Her project is likely (to/on/at) sucecessful.

10 A variety (about/of/to) music makes me interested.

11 He apologized to her (for/about/from) late.

12 I retained (to/of/from) my account 10$.

13 We is very happy in honor (of/about/to) organising this banquet.

14 He and I contrary (in/to/at) this problem.

15 She reminded him (of/from/to) register for the annual meeting.

16 It is important (to/about/for) him to conduct this project.

17 Special events scheduled at the resort provide guest (with/for/to) entertainment.

18 She has worked (as/with/of) a professional violinist for over 5 years.

19 He cover letter (for/in/to) his mother.

20 The children insist (in/by/on) that present.

21 John takes advantages (about/of/in) chance to be promoted.

22 The candy based (on/of/to) ancient Chinese traditional medicine.

23 This product will increase (about/of/by) 10% in next year.

24 Rice price cut down (in/on/to).

25 Jack is about (in/to/of) aboard

26 I think you should complaint (to/about/by) the manager about the bad services.

27 Please explain the current situation (about/on/in) detail.

28 We’’ll recharge the battery for every vehicle that needs it……no extra cost

30 This carton should be kept………reach of children at all times because it containshazardous materials.

37 In a desperate move to increase their revenues to meet their sales goal, the company

is planning to offer a special discount…… its customers

43 According to the packaing date recorded on the carton, the dairy produce nedds to

be consumed on ……before the 16th of February

a but

b from

c to

d or

44 We have been very haappy working here and thank you for yourguidance…….our employment.

51 All entries for the price draw to win a fee trip for 4 to Cosmic Planet in Orlandomust be submitted………… November 23 at the latest.

61 John is a bit nervous because he will give a speech………the board members thisafternoon.

d yet

Trừ every people V (số nhiều)

2 Hình thức số nhiều nhưng chia số ít: news, physics, meals, the United States, ABCIndustries……

3 Danh từ không đếm được, furniture, water, traffic, knowledge,

homewwork………

4 Thời gian, số tiền, khoảng cách, đơn vị đo lường

5 Mệnh đề quan hệ bắt đầu Who, what, that,… đóng chức năng chủ ngữ

Who

What + S + V ( số ít)

Ex: That you do exercise regularly is useful for healthy

6 Ving/ To V1 làm chủ ngữ V (số ít)

Ex: Writting many letters makes her happy

III ĐỘNG TỪ CHIA SỐ NHIỀU

1 Danh từ tập hợp + Tính từ .Ex: The poor are hard