Mission 1 TB

n Ss shou/d be encouraged to memorise these text nexf /esson.. Ss should be encouraged to memorise these text next /esson.. Then Ss shou/d be encouraged to memorise these text meanings o

Teacher's Book

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w i t h o u t p e r m i s s i o n f o r classroom u s e o n l v

N o t e : There are three tests in two versions Each test is provided with a marking scheme

based on a total of 20 marks.

lsBN 1-84216-804-5

Unit I

U n i t l - P a r t 1

As an alternative T draws on the board the following spidergram and wiltes down some words related

to the topic (sports), then T asks Ss to come up with words related to each sport

(lf Ss have difficulty explaining the words T should help Ss

/esson after S s have read aloud the relevant brt The same

instructions apply to Ex 2 in all units.)

compete in - take part in a competition

paths - lines of direction

competing As an extension T can ask Ss to report on the most popular races in their country then comment on the

heightened - made more intense

battle royal - grand challenge

you wantstrengths - strong points

victory - complete successdesire - wish

objective - aim or goalambition - desire to succeedequally - same as

(Ss shou/d be encouraged to memorise these lext

related collocations and expressions T checks in the

Group B 53; No, he won't.

Group B 54 ls winning the Tour de France an obsession for Rominger?

Group A 54;No, it's not.

Group A 55; Will Indurain take part in more than one race in his preparation for the Tour de France? Group I 55; Yes, he will.

Group B 56; Does Rominger believe that Indurain

is capable of winning the Tour de France?

Group A 56: Yes, he does etc

(T refers Ss to fhe Grammar Reference Section fhen Ss dothe exercise The same technique applies to all GrammarChecks.)

(T should ensure fhat Ss tisten fo the cassette withbooks closed and anticipate the end of the story.)

etc

Reading Task: Part2 (p 10-11)

to beat 4 far 7 to take

complimentary 5 a lifetime's 8 to dismiss

to come 6 to win 9 a step up

b r o u g h t t o a n e n dgot the wrong end olthe stick

at a loose end

(Ss do Ex 5 on their own then T checks answers

givingleliciting definitions for all distractors and

explaining the slight differences between the words

and how they are used.)

5 1 train 2 alike 3 wounded 4 capacity

instruct (v) = to teach (instruct sb to drive)

master (v) = to become expert at sth

alike (adj) = similar

identical to (adj) : exactly alike; having no

differences (However, we say: they are so

alike that you can't tell them apart)

3 damage (v) = to harm sth (damage a car)

break (v) = to damage so that sth separates

into pieces (break a glass, break your leg etc.)

spoil (v) = to ruin; go off (spoilthe broth, spoil

capacity (n) = ability to hold an amount/number

15 D (Ln 38-40)

f i

1 0 c

(Two cassettes are availabte with all reading fefs f

should encourage Ss to listen to the tape at home and

follow the lines of each text This activity should be

oronun-ciation in each /esson lt is extremety importantthatthis

activity should not be skipped in any lesson and T

should emphasize the need for Ss to become fluent

and pronounce words correctlv.)

1 railway complex - all the buildings on a railway site

brand-new - completely new immigration points - points where people entering a country have their documents checked loudspeaker - device to increase the volume

of someone's voice predictably - as one would have guessed underground - metro, subway

cross-channel - across the English Channel undoubtedly - most certainly

2 1 d

2 n

(Ss shou/d be encouraged to memorise these text

nexf /esson.)

5 t o h i t

between speak, talk, say or tell.)

talk: to sb about sth

a few words/so/no more/for certain/for sure etc

tell: sb to do sth/sb that/sb how to do sth/the truth/

a lie/sb the time/sb one's name/a story/sb a secret/

6 (After Ss have done Ex 6 T checks answers giving

eliciting definitions for all distractors.)

luck (n) = success usu unexpected

people's lives

of a vehicle (car, train, bus etc)

lead (v) = to show sb the way, esp by going in

f r o n t (e 9 t h e g u i d e le d u s r o u n d t h e m u s e u m )

France)

(to steer a boat, to steer a car)

requirement (n) = thing that is demanded/

needed

desire (n) = strong wish to have/do sth

request (n) = thing that is asked for

sth

engage (v) = to arrange to anPloY sb

recruit (v) = to find new people to join a

com-pany/organisation

D dismiss (v) = to fire sb

with-out rough patches

B even (adj) = level, smooth, flat

D rugged (adj) = rough and uneven

7 a car - get in (to), get out of, drive, steer

off, take, drive

a plane - catch, miss, get on(to), get off, take, board,

d i s e m b a r k f r o m

a motorbike - get on, get off, ride, steer

steer

a bus - catch, miss, get on to, get off, take, drive

a b i c y c l e - g e t o n ( t o ) , g e t o f f ri d e , s t e e r

a taxi - catch, get in(to), get out of, take, drive, steer

S B ; T h a t ' s t r u e I d c h o o s e lh e : a ' : - : -

l-y o u c a n s t o p w h e r e v e r y o u w a n i a - : : - : 'scenery etc

(Suggested answers)SA; l'd like to travel by plane because it s the fastestmeans of transport

Unit 1: Part 3

1 w h i c h 2 w h e r e 3 w h o s e 4 who 5.why

U n i t l - P a r t 3

Warm-up Activities: part 3 (p 14)

T draws the following diagram on the board divided into

four sections, then elicits lrom Ss words related to natural

ski instructor chairlifts

(Suggested answers)

Indoor activities: squash, tennis, boxing, basketball,

snooker, swimming, ice hockey etc

hockey, skiing, horse riding etc

Reading Task: Part 3 (p 14-1S)

head off - set off for somewhere

slope - area raised above the oround

powdery - having the texture of powder microns - very small units of measurement asserts - claims

chairlifts - chairs which you sit on to be carried up a

h i t lfake - not real

1 steel and concrete

2 courtesy

3 i n s u l a t i o n

4 w h i s k e d

meanings of the highlighted words.)

convince = make sb feel certain

4 (Ss should be encouraged to memorise these text

next /esson.)

1 e x p e r i e n c e d 4 t o miss out 7 ski

1 base 2 internal 3 well-off 4 forbid(Ss do Ex 6 on their own, then T exptainslelicitsthe definition of each word.)

tenant = person who pays rent to a landlord to use ahouse, room, flat etc

residents = someone who lives in a place perma_

n e n t l ynative = local inhabitantcitizen = person who has lull rights as a member of acountry; person who lives in a town

dweller = person living in a specified place (used

e s p e c i a l l y i n c o m p o u n d n o u n s )

1

NATURAL FEATURES

r s $ J 5

(Suggested answer)

on the south coast of England, fifty miles from

London Apart from swimming in the sea, there were

plenty of things to do, like go to the funfair, visit the

D o l p h i n a r i u m , w a l k a l o n g th e p i e r , v i s i t B r i g h t o n

There are a lot of night clubs, or you can go to the

theatre, or to see a film at the cinema We stayed at

t h e G r a n d H o t e l , a l u x u r i o u s h o t e l o n t h e s e a f r o n t , b u t

there are also dozens of smaller hotels or bed and

breakfasts to stay in, which are cheaper

as many words as posslb/e related to pertormances.)(Suggested answers)

ptay

s r n g e r orchestra

blend with - are mixed with

vocal coach - singing instructor

tames - makes sth manageableswallows - moves sth from mouth to stomachopaque - not transparent

twinkle - sparkle

a n g u i s h - m i s e r y , t o r m e n t

to pursue - to followanimates - brings sth to life

Exam Focus: Unit 1

2 (BeforeSs do Ex 2 T asksSs questions about Batman

you en joy it? Would you like to go and see it? etc Then

(Ss shou/d be encouraged to memorise these text

meanings of the highlighted words.)

act : perform a part in a play or film; be an actor/

A C T T C S S

play = take part in a game

execute = perform a task (e.9 execute a plan)

reviews, e.g the film is set in, the film is called, it telts

the story of, it's a love storylscienceiictionlcomedy

etc, lt is well directed, the plot centres on, I can

thoroughly recommend, the plot is rather

uncon-vincing, it's a masterpiece of its kind, etc.)

(Suggested answer)

Thompson and Hugh Grant and directed by Ang Lee,

Austen

men they love

and moving Although the Jilm is not particularly

exciting in terms of action, it is dramatic enough to

keep you wondering what's going to happen next I

f i l m s

(Part 2 is a modif ied open-cloze consisting of 1Sblanks to be filled in with one word each Emphasrs isplaced on grammar and vocabula4z Ss read the textonceto getthe gist of thetext, then re-read andfill inthemlssrng words Ss read the text once more to see if thetext makes sense and check for spelling mistakes.)

9 director '10

captures

1 1 m a s t e r p i e c e '1 2 contemporary

check-ing for correct spellcheck-ing and grammatical accuracy.)

exercise usually with closed books.)

to be _isolation

Exam Focus- Listening (Part 1): Unit 1 (p.221

Ioca-tion, roles, funcIoca-tion, attitude, feelings, opinions,

inten-ti o n s etc /f conslsfs of e i g ht s h o rt u n re I ate d extracts of

mul-tiple choice questions While listening forthe firsttime,

Ss /ook out for key words related to one of the three

choices, paying attention to what is heard because

these key words may be included in the incorrect

choice While listening to the extracts agarn, Ss

check their answers.)

7 4

o uPart 1

You'll hear people talking in eight diflerent sltuafions

For Questions 7 fo 8, choose fhe besl answer, A, B

or C

1 You will hear a boy talking aboul sporls Which sport

does he mostly play at the moment?

A volleyball

B football

C hockey

Boy; Well, I have to say I was mad about football for

a while and I still like it of course, but I've been really

all say it's a boring sport and to stick to what I'm good

at I'd really like a bit of a change though

2 You will hear someone talking about the weather in

of course there's snow in Scotland - well, in the

that I can remember has been your average dark,

3 You will hear tvvo girls discussrng what to do on

Saturday night Where do they decide to go?

A the local disco

B the cinema

C the roller-skating rink

Anna.' Well, I suppose we could go to the cinema

What's on at the moment?

Fiona: Oh, that film with William Hill I'd like to see it,

but you're not keen on him,

Anna; Not really How about the disco around the

corner?

F i o n a : M a y b e o r w e c o u l d e v e n g o t o t h e n e w ro l l e r

-skatino rink in town

Anna.' Let's stick with having a good dance instead.You work in an off ice where you overhear the following

A the company's financial position

B his speech at the board meeting

C his dinner guestsBoss; Well, Mary, I'm just not sure what to do abouttonight I've got that speech to give at the board

g o t p e o p l e c o m i n g fo r d i n n e r Mary: So what's the problem?

a very important one, and another is a university

Mary: \Nell, I think (fade out)Llsten fo this actor talkino about his life Where did hemeet his wife?

A at a shooting gallery

B at a cinema

C on a film set

Dance" and, er - well, it was kind of strange how wemet We'd been shooting all day and I decided I

woman sat next to me and sort of - | don't know how

it happened - spilled her coke all over me! And that'show we got to know each other

Listen to this woman talking about her car Why is shehappy with it?

A lt is an antique car

8 /t ls a nice colour

C /t is reliable

But it does get me from A to B and back again - in factit's never let me down, and that's why I keep it.You will hear a reporter talking about earthquakes.When did the one in Mexico take place?

A lastweek

B three months ago

C last yearReporter;Well, if you think back to last year, you'll

Mexico's neighbours about 12 weeks ago, causing

4

5

6

7

Exam Focus: Unit 1

colleagues What are they looking for?

Diane: Have you looked in your br.iefcase?

Paul: My briefcase isn't here - | left it behind this

m o r n t n g

D i a n e : O h , r i g h t O h , n o ! T h e fi n a l re p o r t ' s i n i t ,

isn't it?

a b o u t

Part 1

(Part 1 /asls abouf four minutes and has to do with

be able to talk about themse/yes for about two

mtnutes-)

part 2

(Part 2 /asts abouf four minutes and focuses on

exchanging personal and factual information based

on given visual prompts Ss are given tvvo colour

photographs each and they have to talk about them

in relation to themselves without being interrupted

and helped by the T They are also asked to

comment briefly on each other's pictures.)

(Suggested answers)

Picture A shows sb show jumping whereas picture B

shows a motor race Both pictures have to do with

I think it is very exciting

N o , I d o n ' t t h i n k p r o f e s s i o n a l s p o r t s m e n s h o u l d b e

p a i d h i g h l y b e c a u s e t h e y a r e s u p p o s e d t o p r o m o t e

the sport they play, without becoming greedy

instead of sitting in an office I enjoy being active

Picture C is of a masked play whereas picture D

s h o w s a c h o i r s i n g i n g

actors look very funny in their masks

have a lesson once a week

I would like to have music and drama lessons at

school, because I think they're an important part of

e d u c a t i o n I w o u l d li k e to s i n g in a choir, and act in a

play with my school friends

memorise all outlines T checks them next lesson Thesame technique applies to all writing sectlons of fhisbook.)

(Suggested answer)Traffic in London has been disrupted all day due tostriking bus drivers Traffic is being monitored by

p o l i c e , b u t m a n y m a i n ro a d s a r e s t i l l b l o c k e d , c a u s i n glong tailbacks and (a number of) accidents nave

are the growing number of attacks on drivers and the

protectton The drivers' union has demandeo an

b y t h e b u s c o m p a n y ' s m a n a g e m e n t t h i s m o r n i n g ,

u n i o n B o b B r o w n , h e a d o f t h e d r i v e r s ' u n i o n , w a r n e othat more strikes would take place if management's

Height: short, medium-height

oval, attractiveNose.' straight, upturned, long, broken, crooked,

R o m a n

Clothes.' shabby, elegant, attractive, fashionable,

Malcolm is very reserved; he never expresses his

e m o t i o n s Mary is a sensible girl She would never do anything

s t u p i d

g e t t o B u c k i n g h a m P a l a c e James is so unreliable that you can never depeno on

h i m to b e o n t i m e

My son is very honest; he always tells the truth.Ann can be unpredictable at times - you never know

w h a t s h e ' s g o i n g to d oMichael is very serious, he hardly ever laughs

2

3

4

5

6

you who had crashed the car,

Brian is so pessimistic; he always thinks the worst is

going to happen

Liz is a sociable person; she enjoys the company of

other people

Tom is witty and fun to be wlth because he always

finds something clever to say

Lucy is a pleasant girl, she's nice and easy to get

along with

Keith is rather dull; all he talks about is his stamp

c o l l e c t i o n

every-thing that goes on around her

Edward is fairly naive for his age; there are a lot of

t h i n g s h e d o e s n ' t k n o w

(Suggested answers)

"flow"

given for each adjective

l a n g u a g e

a) unfriendly/shy: because he wasn't speaking to

anyone

angry if he's kept waiting

kind: he often feeds stray dogs and cats

n e v e r r u d e : h e l p s a l l th e c u s t o m e r s i n t h e

bookshoo

b) The fourlh paragraph

c) The last paragraph

they admire following the outline on p 26 S's Book.)

(Note: static suggest no movement at all)

d (Suggested answer)

E n g l a n d lt h a s a p o p u l a t i o n o f a b o u t 3 , 0 0 0

p e o p l e , a n d i s s u r r o u n d e d b y t h e b e a u t i f u l c o u n tryside of Dartmoor

t o c i t y li f e m i g h t fi n d it b o r i n g I t h i n k th a t it i s a

a n d t h e r e a r e e n d l e s s w a l k s to t a k e i n t h e s u r

-r o u n d -r n g c o u n t r y s l d e T h e p e o p l e a r e e x t r e m e l y

a c h a r m i n g p l a c e a n d if y o u li k e s m a l l t o w n s w h e r e

l i f e is r e l a x e d , t h e n l' m s u r e y o u w i l l th i n k s o t o o

9 O p i n i o n : c h i l d i s h , d i s g u s t i n g

Age: ancient, modern, newShape : round, flat, square

(As an extendon f asks Ss to describe other objectse.g g/asses, bag, chair T wiltes these on theboard and elicits from Ss releyanl vocabularyglasses; gold-ilmmed, biJocal /enses, bluelintedbag: black, leather, suede, gold, metal squareschair: wooden, varnished, hand-carved, Ieather, soft(Ihen Ss write a paragraph including a descilption

of the objects.)glasses: When my father arrived home yesterday,

g o l d - r i m m e d , b l u e { i n t e d g l a s s e s w i t h b i - f o c a l

l e n s e s w h i c h w e r e in s i d e a b u r g u n d y h a r d - p l a s t i c ,embossed case and were probably lying on his

O C S K

bag: When my sister said she was going shopping

I asked her to buy me a bag that I'd had my eye on

t h e t o p

bid the highest and was lucky to purchase it

o t a c e

Unit 2: Part 1

1 1 1 C 2 E 3 8 4 A 5 D

1 C - is a factual report, formal style, use of passive

voice, only facts.

2 E - story, informal style, detailed and chatty

descriptions.

3 B - story, informal style, chatty language.

4 A - factual report, formal style, use of passive

voice, only facts, high level of vocabulary.

5 D - factual report, formal style, high level of

vocabulary, only facts.

' t 2 1 8 2 E 3 D 4 F 5 C 6 A 7 c

(Suggested answers)

Story: The sun was shining as we got into the plane

Robeft was making jokes I could never have

guessed what was about to happen

We'd been flying for about ten minutes when there

w a s a l o u d b a n g , a n d s m o k e b e g a n t o p o u r o u t o f th e

control, and we crashed violently into the ground

and got us out just seconds before the plane

ex-p l o d e d

medal for bravery which he deserved: he could've

b e e n k i l l e d a s w e l l !

their plane crashed into a field in Dorset

Luckily, they were rescued in an amazing feat of

been in the air Jor about ten minutes when Robertnoticed black smoke pouring out of the propeller.The controls of the plane stopped working, and the

was able to drag the two pilots out o{ the plane

a medal for bravery

"l'd never fly again now." said Samuel afterwards

(T reads the best compositions aloud)

U n i t 2 - P a r t 1

(Suggested answer)

The picture shows some vegetables (carrots,

grapes, etc) There's also some brown bread and

e a t i n g

t h e b o d y n o t p r o d u c i n g e n o u g h i n s u l i n , t h e h o r m o n e

2 daily

3 to enjoy

2 (Ss should memorise these text related collocations

test - to try sth for a short while

degreeweaken - to become less strongshrink - to contract

shorten - to make sth smaller in length

raise (tr v) - to make higher

to occurgrow up - to become older and more mature

acquire - to get

achieve sth - to succeed in doing sth after a lot of effort

succeed (in) - to have been able to do sth

remove - to take away

delete - to rub sth out e.g a line of writing on the computer

extract - to pull out e.g a tooth/information

take out - to get e.g a book from the library

behave - to act a certain way

operate - to cause sth to work e.g a machine

fake - sth which is made to seem real e.g a painting

false - sth which is not real eg teeth

counterfeit - sth which has been made to make people think it is real eq monev

skinny - underweight

thin - not fat

lean - with no fat

MEMORY QUIZ (Suggested answer)

should eat - low fat butter and cheese; fat-free milk;

should avoid - sweets; chocolate; cakes; biscuits;

s u g a r ; w h i t e b r e a d ; b u t t e r ; c h e e s e ; c h i c k e n s k i n :

cooking with large amounts of fat

(Suggested answers)

, Having diabetes does not mean that you cannot lead

a normal life lt is advisable to control your body

recom-mended that you eat a lot oJ fruit, vegetables and

cereals You should avoid eating cakes, biscuits,

sweets and chocolate as they usually contain large

amounts of sugar and fat

1 1 h a v e b e e n

1 2 h a v e b e e n w a i t i n g

b

U n i t 2 - P a r t 2 Warm up Activities: Part 2 (p 34)

(Suggested answers)

i n t h e h o u s e , e s p e c i a l l y C a r o l i n e , s o t h e y t r i e d t opersuade Mr Helstone to take them with him Mr

them to lock all doors and not to open them to

You can have a burglar alarm installed and special

l o c k s o n a l l y o u r d o o r s a n d w i n d o w s f i t t e d I d o n ' t t h i n k

I would keep a weapon because I don't know now to

They didn't go to bed, but waited for something to

2 (Ss do Ex 2 on their own, then T while checking their

answers elicitslexplains all four distractors for each

senrcnce.)

1 t r o u b l e ( n ) - p r o b l e m s / d i f f i c u l t y

n u i s a n c e (n ) - s t h a n n o y i n g

2 disturb (v) - to make sb feel worried and upset

annoy (v) - to make sb feel slightly angry

stutter (v) - to say sth, esp the first part of o

word, with difficulty

shudder (v) - to shake with fear

fiercely (adv) - with anger

stormily (adv) - being angry in a loud way

intensely (adv) - in an extreme way

5 storage (n) - place where one keeps things for

future use

c e l l a r ( n ) - r o o m u n d e r t h e g r o u n d f l o o r o f a h o u s e

usu for storage

6 w a l k ( v ) - t o move by putting o n e f o o t i n f r o n t o f t h e

other

stride (v) - to walk with long steps

3 1 behave 2 treat 3 behave 4 treat

4 (Ss should memorise these text related collocations

s t a i r s i n t h e i r b e a u t i f u l b r a n d n e w h o m e , w h e n

crept out of bed and down the stairs

hear that he was going to be put in prison

G r a m m a r C h e c k : P a r t 2 ( p 3 7 )

(Suggested answers)

2 p r o m i s e - She promised t o b r i n g t h e m o n e y s h e owed me the next day.

3 threaten - She threatened to sack him if he didn't

work harder

4 a l l o w - H e a l l o w e d h e r to u s e h i s o h o n e w h e n e v e rshe wanted

5 beg - He begged her to go with him

11 invite - He invited her to his party on Saturday

12 warn - He warned me not to go near the fire because

I would burn mvself

(As an ertension Ss talk about a nasty experience of

their own.)

U n i t 2 - P a r t 3

(Suggested answer)

I think the trees in the oicture are olive trees Olive oil

is produced by pressing olives lt is then used in

Mediter-ranean countries Recent research has shown that

consume a lot of olive oil have lower rates of heart

(Suggested answer)

t h e y s h o u l d n ' t b e c o n s u m e d i n l a r g e q u a n t i t i e s T o

help us live longer we should live in pollution{ree

learn to relax more

1 4 A 1 5 H 1 6 F 1 7 E 1 8 B 1 9 | 2 0 D

1 varied - not all the same

food

lactose - a type of sugar found in milk

patterns - general trends

rates - how fast and how often sth haooens

puzzle - mystery

concerns - has to do with

carpenter - person who works with wood

dessert - sweet food eaten at the end of a meal

walnuts - type of nut

moderate - not extreme

(Ss shou/d memorise fhese text related collocations

5 1 b a c k u p 2 s h o w u p 3 t i e u p 4 u s e u p

6 (Ss do Ex 6 then T elicitslexplains the meaning of eachdistractor.)

1 study (n) - work for a set subject

projectreport (n) - written account of sthexamination (n) - test

regard as (v) - consider

consider (v) - to decide whether or not to do sthconfirm (v) - to make sure about

affirm (v) - to state that sth is trueassure (v) - to tell sb that sth is right

show (v) - to make sth clearindicate (v) - to show that sth will happenclarity (v) - to explain

(Suggested answers)Good lor you - walnuts; drinking wine with a meal;

saladsBad for you - smoking; drinking wine in betweenmeals; fulljat milk; butter

You had better stop smoking; What about taking

your meals only?; What if you started cooking with

You could eat yoghurt with honey and walnuts as an

start drinking skimmed milk instead of the full{atvarietv?

They were taken in and outside hotels The first

s h o w s th e i n t e r i o r o f a r a t h e r e x p e n s i v e h o t e l I t h i n k

(T draws the following spidergram on the board and

elicits from Ss names of jobs related to a hotet.)

d lt is situated in the heart of London

2 (Ss should memorise fhese lext related collocations

- The rooms are for single people - no

" s i n g l e s u p p l e m e n t " a n d t h e r e f o r egood for single travellers

t h e i r o w n b a t h r o o m

- safe

- centrally located

- easy to meet people

- long term - you can stay for months

or even years

- for both men and women

I would choose to stay at the Dorchester Hotel

trained to be very discreet and professional

a n d I c o u l d d e p e n d o n e v e r y t h i n g b e i n g s p o t l e s s l yclean and in good working order The fact that I could

b e a h i g h - c l a s s h o t e l b u t I d o n ' t m i n d p a y i n g b e c a u s ethe service is so good

I w o u l d n ' t l i k e to s t a y in o n e o f t h e lo n g te r m h o t e l s i n

crime rather than an area with cheap hotels for

accommooa-t i o n i s c h e a p b u accommooa-t a l s o d i r accommooa-t y , d a m p and dangerous

D r u g d e a l i n g is a c o m m o n f e a t u r e and the hotels

dangerous place, and I would never choose to srav

t h e r e

Exam Focus - Use of English: Unit 2 (p 45)

(Part 4 ls a text containing errors Some lines are

correctwhereas olhers contain an extra and

unneces-sary word which must be identified Ss shou/d read

through the text to get an understanding of its general

meaning Ihen Ss read the text agarn carefully line by

line to identify the unnecessary word (e.9 artrcle,

the corresponding space Ss read the text once more

lo see if their answers are correct.)

1 7 t e l e p h o n e m e s s a g e l i n e , H e l p O u t H o u s e / S h e l t e r

1 8 d e g r e e in b u s i n e s sParl2

involve-ment in a local charity For questions 9 to 18, fill in thejournalist's notepad

Journalist: As you know, Ms Dunn, we're running a

long has the group existed?

Dunn: lI was founded in - er - well, it's over five years,anyway

Journalist: Right And how long have you been volved?

in-Dunn: Only about 2 years - not qurte 2 years

Journalist: Okay, fine Now, what exactly made you

of mine ran away from home and, er - well, it was all

the group is rnvolved in at the moment? Anything

- but I think it'll be really good once it gets going

(Part 5is a fext containing ten gaps, each one

corre-sponding to a word The roots of the mlssi ng words are

given beside the text and must be transformed to

provide the missing word Ss read through the text to

read the text and the given words again to determine

the missing word Ss read once more to check if their

answers make sense and are spelled correctly.)

(Part 2 is a monologue or text involving interacting

speakers I t I asts ab o ut 3 m i n ute s Ss /isten the li r st ti m e

and fill in any gapsthey can Ss /isten agaln filling in the

rest and checking their answers to see if they make

Exam Focus: Unit 2

Journalist: Right And one last question What are

y o u r p l a n s f o r th e fu t u r e ? N o t th e g r o u p ' s , I m e a n , b u t

your own personal plans?

Dunn: Well, I'm about to start a degree in business

h e l p i n g r u n g r o u p s li k e H e l p O u t I c a n ' t s e e m y s e l f

want to keep doing this sort of work, and I think the

d e g r e e w i l l b e h e l p f u l - so that's my plan

Dunn: Thanks

E x a m F o c u s - Speaking: U n i t 2 ( p 4 7 1

Part 3

(ln Part 3 Ss are examined in pairs They are given visual

p ro m pts w h i c h g e n e rate a discusslon and th ey tal k w ith

one another Ss /ook carefully at the visual prompts

concentrating on relevant details The conversation

only aboutthetaskthe interviewer has giventhem This

part /asts about 3 minutes)

(Suggested answer)

and run towards the fire exit and leave the house I'd

be too scared to face the burglar

S B ; l ' d o p e n th e w i n d o w a n d s h o u t fo r h e l p

SA; But isn't it too dangerous? | mean he would

SB; Then I'd use my rifle then and face him The rifle

away

S A ' T h a t ' s a g o o d id e a , b u t I c o u l d n ' t d o i t I w o u l d tr y

to call the police and ask for help etc

Part 4

(ln Part 4 Ss talk with one another about matters related

ansu/ers and respond accordingly lt is impoftant to

remember that when one partner is speaking, helshe

should not be interrupted bv the other Part 4 /asts

about 4 minutes.)

(Suggested answers)

SB; That's a good idea And l'd make sure to bolt all

windows and doors when I left the house so that they

c o u l d n ' t g e t i n

keep an eye on your house when you're not there

holiday because your property is being looked after

a n d y o u c a n e n j o y y o u r h o l i d a y

day round This is because there are many banks inthe area

SB.'You are lucky I can't say the same for my area

t e m p t e d t o t r y b r e a k i n g i n SA; l'd try to leave the house without being noticed bythe burglar and I'd run to the nearest police station

(Special attention should be drawn to the layout of theaddresses and the use of commas and full stoos:name, title, place of work, number of street, name ofstreet, town, country, day, month and year lf therecipient lives in the same country as the person whosending the letter then we write only the name of thetown the person lives in (see oufllnes 2 and 3 p 48Student's Book) lf the recipient however, lives inanother country, then the names of the two countriesshould appear in the addresses (see outline 1 p 48Sludent's Book) We always leave one line blank afterthe address before we start writing Dear

lf you write to a friend of yours, or to your brotherlsister/cousin lniece, you address himlher using Dearand hislher name e.g Dear Tom, not: Dear Friend,

write to an auntluncle of yours, you address himlherusing Dear + kind of relation + name e.g Dear UncleTom not: Dear Uncle lf you write to your mum, dad,grandpa or grandma, you write Dear + kind otrelation (e.9 Dear Mum, Dear Grandma not: Dear

know the name of the recipient (see Model 1 p 49 inStudent's Book) you sign using Yours sincerely andyour full name lf you don't know the name of therecipient though, you sign using Yours faithtully andyour full name (see Model 1 p 53 m Sfudent's Book)

whereas I'm looking forward to is informal

4 Informal (A)

7 m e e t

8 in the near future

9 a m i c a b l e c o n versation

-10 reiterate

4 A - demand for action - strong (to emphasise what

you want)

Yours faithfully, James Aarons

I wish to offer my sincere apology for etc

-i n f o r m a l ) H o w h a v e y o u b e e n ; I h a v e n ' t

p l e a s e d f o r y o u , W e l l d o n e e t c

y o u , W h y d o n ' t y o u c o m e ? e t c

offer my apology for etc

recom-m e n d th a t y o u e t c

to attend etc

meeting

T is advised to go through the following tables to see fhe language used and the difference in formal and informalletter writing according to each type of letter T can ask Ss lo think of any opening and closing remarks for eachtype of letter before he does Ex 6 or, after having done Ex 6, feed Ss wrth more opening and closing remarks

Letters of invitation

O p e n i n g

Remarks

We would be honoured if you, I wish to

at, You are invited to attend, etc

I am writing to invite you to, Why don't you come

you could come to, etc

Closing

Remarks

We would be grateful if you could inform us,

you will be able to attend, etc

l'd love to see you again, I hope you'll be able tc

Exam Focus: Unit 2

party you invited me to sounds lovely, l'd be glad

to etc

Closing

Remarks

commit-ments etc

I'm afraid I can't come, I'm sorry to tell you, I'd love

t o c o m e b u t , I c a n ' t m a k e it , lw o n ' t b e a b l e t o come,etc

C l o s i n g

Remarks

other time, etc

It's a real shame, I hope we can get together some

possibly send, May I request, I would begrateful if, Could you please send further

Can you send me, Tell me iJ, Let me know, etc

Closing

Remarks

It would be of great help if you could fax methe

was requested, I am pleased to be able to

After you asked me to, This is what I found out, I

This is what you asked me about, etc

C l o s i n g

Remarks

I hope that I have been of some help to you, I

Please inform me if I can be of anv further

I hope this will help you, Let me know if you need

a n y m o r e h e l p fi n d i n g o u t a b o u t , I' m g l a d I c o u l d

h e l p y o u , e t c

Letters giving directions

Opening

Remarks

would be delighted if you could attend, and to

e n s u r e y o u c a n f i n d y o u r w a y I w i l l w r i t e s o m e

detailed directions below, In case you do not

know the exact location of the hotel/venue,

d i r e c t i o n s b e l o w / m a p b e l o w , e t c

I n c a s e y o u d o n ' t k n o w t h e w a y l ' l l g i v e y o u

y o u d o n ' t g e t l o s t , l' l l te l l y o u h o w t o g e t t h e r e ,This is just a quick note, to tell you how to get

t o , l ' v e w r i t t e n s o m e d i r e c t i o n s , a n d d r a w n amap to help, etc

C l o s i n g

Remarks

I hope that you are able to follow the directions

otven eIC

you, I hope that you can find your way alright,

M y d i r e c t i o n s s h o u l d n ' t b e to o d i f f i c u l t t o f o l l o w ,etc

A p p l i c a t i o n f o r a j o b

I was disgusted by, I was appalled at, How

dare you, I want to express my strong

C l o s i n g

Remarks

situation will improve, I hope the matter will be

Exam Focus: Unit 2

lf I were you, How about doing this, Why don't you,Let me give you some advice, etc

Glosing

Remarks I trust you will accept this advice, I hope this

w i l l b e o f h e l p , I w o u l d v e r y m u c h li k e to k n o w

Hope this helped, Let me know how it went, ls this

of any use, etc

7 1 C - reason for writing

How are you? I'm fine, but I have a bit of a

l ' l l b e f i n i s h i n g s c h o o l s o o n a n d I d o n ' t k n o w

w h a t to d o I ' m th i n k i n g o f b e c o m i n g a n u r s e li k e

you

A n y w a y , I h o p e y o u ' l l b e a b l e t o h e l p me

what you think

Love,

J u l i e

b Informal - letter of invitation

Dear Jane and Matthew,

c Informal - accepting an invitation

Dear Mike and Sarah,

L O V E ,

Jane and Matthew

d Informal - refusing an invitation

Dear Mike and Sarah,

meet some other time soon

Love,Jane and Matthew

e Informal - letter of thanksDear Katharine,

I hope you are well You looked lovely at the

w e d d i n g W e ' r e w r i t i n g t o O n c e a g a i n , t h a n k y o u v e r y m u c h fo r y o u r

L O V C ,

M a r k a n d J e n n y

f Formal - letter requesting informationDear Sir/Madam,

that your school will be running next month

I look forward to hearing from you

Yours faithfully,Sarah Brown

9 Good - Model 1

-each has a tooic

10 paragraph 1: reason for writing

set questions

1 1 (Suggested answer)

Dear Sam,

for a job as a waiter in the hotel where I worked last

stay there are French

I w o r k e d f r o m J u n e t o S e p t e m b e r b u t I' m s u r e t h a t

you could ask for a two month contract if you prefer

the only problem was that I had to share a room with

a n o t h e r w a i t e r , w h i c h I d i d n ' t l i k e v e r y m u c h I

worked twelve hours a day, six days a week, which

was quite tiring, and was paid 4000 fr (about t400)

a m o n t h e x c l u d i n g t i p s

enjoy-a b l e e x p e r i e n c e , a n d I t h i n k y o u s h o u l d g o a h e a d

and apply Apart from anything else, it's a great

My name is James Walters and I stayed in your

l e n s m o d e l

and send it to the address above if you find it I will,

of course, be happy to pay for any postage costs

y o u c a n h e l p m e w i t h th i s p r o b l e m I t h a n k y o u i n

Yours faithfully,James Walters

2 Semi-formal - expressing regretDear Mrs Potter

s u c c e s s a n d I w o u l d li k e t o t h a n k y o u fo r s e n d i n g m e

an invitation

O n c e a g a i n , I' m s o r r y to m i s s th i s y e a r ' s r e u n i o nbut I hope to be there next year

Y o u r s s i n c e r e l y ,

C a t h e r i n e S m r t h

3 Informal - letter of apology

D e a r J a c k ,I'm writing to say sorry for keeping you waiting at

family and write back soon

Love

Victoria

4 Formal - lefter of complaint

D e a r S i r / M a d a m ,

I was a customer, along with several friends, at

The manager was extremely rude to us from the

almost half an hour for a table, although we had

b o o k e d o n e Having ordered our food, we were kept waiting

cooked that we had to send it back No apology was

T h i s in c i d e n t r u i n e d o u r e v e n i n g , a n d I a m w r i t i n g i nthe hope that some action will be taken against thestaff of vour restaurant

Yours faithfully,Peter Brown

z

J

Unit 3: Part 1

5 Formal - asking for information

Dear SiriMadam

I am writing with regard to the guided tours oi

London that you offer I would be very grateful if you

tours and which areas of London they cover, as well

I h a v e a n lt a l i a n f r i e n d v i s i t i n g t h e U K t h i s s u m m e r

have any tours which include visits to galleries or

museums? My friend is a student so I would be

and also the full price of each tour

My advice is very simple; you need to find a jobquickly, no matter how bad the pay is, otherwrsethere's a danger that you may be evicted from your

quickly, not on getting a good job at the momenr.Once you have some money in your pocket, you canstart looking for a job that's right for you lf you can,t

f i n d a n y t h i n g , l e t m e k n o w im m e d i a t e l y a n d l ' l l le n dyou some money to get by on

I hope that my advice will help you Write back if

y o u n e e d a n y m o r e and l'll be happy to help! In the

The photos could have been taken somewnere rn

visit the place in the photos because it looks

interest-ing and probably doesn't have many tourists

I n t e r e s t i n g s i g h t s , f r i e n d l y p e o p l e , e x c i t i n g n i g h t li f e

etc

Tourism can benefit a country by encouraging peopte

to visit and spend money, which improves the local

country, and facilities are improved The possible

drawbacks of tourism are that it may result in areas

prosperity -state of economic well-beingaccounted for - made up (a part of sth)foreign exchange - money in a foreign currency

pouring - providing in large quantities

to expand - to become or make greater in size,number or importance

landscapes - all the features of an area that can beseen when looking across it

investment - money to buy shares or propefty,

profit or improve the quality of something

concentration - large amount of sth in a small ordefined area

to transport waste water to treatment centres

h i k i n g - g o i n g o n a l o n g w a l k , especially i n t h ecountry

(Ss shouid memorise these brt-related collocations

(After Ss have completed the listening activity, T asks

Ss fo glve a summary of the text using the rcrt.)

Reading Task: Part 1 (p 56-57)

1 t 2 A 3 c 4 C 5 H 6 D 7 8

2

3

meaning before Ss do Ex 5.)

(Ex 7 should be asslgned as HW Ss shou/d consult

their dictionaries in order to find the missrng idioms T

should do the first tvvo in class as a model.)

car etc; to repair or rebuild sth so that it looks

theatre in the world complete with stage sets,

cos-tumes and a library ol opera libretti

(Suggested answer)

the beautiful scenery as well as trying to spot the

famed Loch Ness monster They could also go to

Stirling and visit the castle and the William Wallace

monument ln Glasgow, the Ad Gallery would be of

there

(Suggested answer)

(Ss work in pairs T checks round the c/ass then asks

some pairs to repoft back to the c/ass.)

SA.' lwould love to visit New York City and go to the

top of the Empire State Building lt's no longer the

most impressive

SA.' Not me, I love the hustle and bustle of big cities

old-fash-ioned rather than modern

(Suggested answers)

f i r e w o r k s a) about 10,000b) five years old

highlights - the best parlspanel - committee; group of people who make adecision about sth

region - area

j o g - s l o w r u npanly - not entirely

s a m p l e d - t r i e dmouthfuls - bites of sth

5 S i n c e

6 for

puree - sth mixed or processed until it is creamy 6.

texture - consistency - e.g "lt had a creamy texture."

j o l l i e r - happier

stirred - mixed

paddles - oars used for rowing a boat

A T M O S P H E R E jo l l y : l i g h t - h e a r t e d ; n o i s y ; f r i v o l o u s ;

(Suggested answers)SCHOOL FAIR - races for parents and children;

d a n c i n g ; m u s i c ; s t a l l s s e l l i n g h o m e - m a d e j a m sFUN FAIR - fortune tellers; rides on a big wheel;

W I N E F A I R - w i n e ta s t i n g ; s e l l i n g o f w i n e ; b a rVILLAGE FAIR - races for parents and children;donkey rides; pottery sales; dancing; fireworks

ANTIQUES FAIR - auctions; pottery sales; old

downpour, pouring down

cneers

Weather - pouring with rain, rainy, sunny, ruoted

uninter-Food for sale - chestnut cakes, mashed chestnut,

(Suggested answers)Well the fair was really nice, except for the weather.You see, it was pouring with rain all day long

fabu-lous day There was plenty of food: chestnut cakes,

sam-pled seven dishes before they made their decision

that it was time for the dance lt was reallv a mosr

(Suggested answers)Dear Jane,

going to hold? Well, it was a tremendous success

weather I'm sure - and because it was a

We worked very hard to make the tennis club look

and tying balloons and streamers everywhere.John had the fabulous idea of hiring a "bouncycastle" for the children and it proved to be very

(Ss shou/d memorise these Ert-related collocations

(*Note: we can say to sample dishes but not: to

sample recipes)

4

5

4 cats and dogs

5 it never rains but itpours

1 A

B

D

z t \

meanings of each distractor.)

lane (n) = narrow roads usu in the country

alley (n) = narrow street, usu between or

b e h i n d b u i l d i n g s

route (n) = way Jrom one place to another

rotten (adj) : (of food) spoiled; no longer

e d i b l e

B sweet (adj) = tasting of sugar

D sour (adj) = having a sharp taste like lemon

B cruel (adj) = unkind

C strict (adj) = firm; unaccepting

D stern (adj) = grim and serious

4 A go for a spin (exp; = to go for a drive lor

oleasure

5 A moisten (v) = to make slightly wet

B soak (v) : to make extremely wet

C damP (v) = to make slightly wet

D dampen (v) = to make slightly wet

B prescription (n) = piece of paper on which a

obtained by the patient

C receipt (n) : piece of paper given to one

stating how much one has paid for sth

make another substance

successful day I forgot to tell you - | won a new tennis

racquet in the raffle

Next year you'll have to come with me I had such

a good time

Write soon,Carol

I think the text is going to be about rain/the weatheri

bad weather etc

warm, freezing etc (/f Ss have difficultyT helpsthem by

giving words related to weather and explaining their

meantng.)

sunny You can find out what the weather will be

watch-n g i t o watch-n t h e t e l e v i s i o watch-n Y o u c a n a l s o p h o n e th e

in-I ustries

Reading Task: Part 3 (p 64-65)

cf water formed just above the ground or water

sth next

regional - in a certain area

forecasters - people who predict what the weather

w i l l b e l i k e

dictate - control

demand - amount needed

capacity - amount that sth can hold

range - variety

satellites - flying objects which send information

from soace

wireless operators - people in charge of tion by radio

communica-flow - rate or pattern of the movement of sth

eg flow of trafficseaboard - coast; area by the sea

meanings of each distractor.)

1 A capacity (n) = amount of sth, usu people,that sth can holc

C volume (n) = amount of space sth contains

D capability (n) = ability to do sth

B sharp (adt) = pointed; clever

C accurate (adj) = correct to a specific level(eg accurate weather forecast, accurate labInstruments)

fine (adj) = good

happen in the future

foresight (n) = ability to plan ahead

weighty (adj) = heavy; serious

on sb/sth

exag-geratedbasic (adj) = simple

guidance(n) = act of telling sb how to

sb thinks/behaves

understand (v) = to know the reason for sthrealise (v) = to become aware of sthcomprehend (v) = understandperceive (v) = to have/get an impression ofsth/sb

U

4 4 B

D

5 A B

D

b A

B D

Unit 3: Paft 4

6

7

8

snowy, dark sky, cloudy overcast

(Ss shou/d memorise lhese expressions I checks in

the next /esson This can be done as a competition

before Ss do Ex 9 7'also explains that AA stands for

which means that if there's a beautiful sunset the

sky is red at sunrise, you can expect bad weather

s o o n

relevant vocabulary from Ss and write it on the

board eg temperature, drop, thick fog, heavy rain,

expressions such as a good start to the day, the

weather takes a turn for , fog spreads, temperatures

continue to drop etc Then Ss work in pairs to wilte the

weather forecast while T helps them if necessary

Then, each pair reads aloud their forecast T can read

in this type of writing)

(Suggested answer)

the day the weather is going to take a turn for the

w o r s e T e m p e r a t u r e s w i l l d r o p f r o m 4 ' C t o a c o l d -2 ' C

in the nodh and a thick fog will spread across borderregions in the late afternoon - so drivers beware!Showers are expected in all regions during the night

w i t h h e a v i e r r a i n in t h e H i g h l a n d s a n d a p o s s i b i l i t y o fsnow in the north The bad weather will continue

n o r t h a n d H i g h l a n d s T e m p e r a t u r e s w i l l c o n t i n u e t odrop to -3'C in the south so wrap up warmly and have

a g o o d w e e k e n d

Grammar Check: Part 3 (p 67)

Warm-up Activities: Part 4 (p 68)

5 s u s p e n d e d f r o m

6 m o u l d e d

5 to comply with

6 to cope with

7 d u r a b i e

8 t h e f i n e s t

whiten-i n g d whiten-i s c o l o u r e d t e e t h a n d c o u l d b e u s e d b y a n y o n e

(Before Ss are asslgned this as written HW, T should

dlscuss lt rn c/ass to help Ss write a proper letter of

complaint using the appropriate sty/e Reler S s to Unit

2 p 50 to revise letter writing if necessary)

(Suggested answer)

Dear Sir,

bought from "Scots" last week

had melted lt seemed that the oroduct was

money back

I hope that you will be able to olfer me a more

acceptable solution after inspecting the Micromix

I look forward to your prompt reply

(Part 1 is a modified cioze text containing 15 gapsfollowed by 15 four-option multiple choice quesflons

Ss read through the text to get an understanding of itsgeneral meaning Then Ss read the text a second timetrying to find the answer Keep in mind that somechoices are meant to be misleading Ss shou/d read athird time to check if their choices make sense)

(Part 3 is a multiple matching exercise based on a

seconds each, from monologues or exchanges

specific words related to the options)

Part 3You'll hear five people talking about different kinds ofshops For questrons 19 to 23, choose from the list A

to F the type of shop that is being described Use the

not need fo use

Speaker 1 (temale): lf you ever go to London, thereare some very famous stores you must visit The first

I s p e n t a l l d a y th e r e I d i d n ' t t h i n k it w a s p o s s i b l e , b u t

I even had lunch there These stores are alwavs

Y o u r s s i n c e r e l y

Exam Focus: Unit 3

wonderful at Christmas too You can do all your

C h r i s t m a s s h o p p i n g i n o n e g o , a n d i f y o u c a n ' t fi n d

what you're looking for, they will often help you by

trying to order it ln fact, the store has a saying: "lf it

Speaker 2 (male): When I was young I used to love

t h i n g s to l o o k a t a n d f e e l - r o p e s a n d c h a i n s o f a l l

a i s l e p r e s s i n g a l l t h e d o o r b e l l s a s l w e n t b u t I l o v e d

l o o k i n g a t t h e p a i n t b e s t I ' d n e v e r s e e n s o m a n y

different shades of pink before I used to mentally

plants beside the checkout and my dad would

some-times buy me some seeds so that I could try to grow

some flowers

Speaker 3 (temale): lt's so useJul having that little

s h o p a t t h e e n d o f t h e r o a d I d o m o s t o f m y s h o p p i n g

forget to buy, and of course I like to buy fresh bread

and milk every day, and I don't always have trme to go

t o t h e s u p e r m a r k e t T h e m a n w h o o w n s t h e s h o p is s o

a newspaper or some tea or whatever He always

department store across the road because it's t50

a n d c h a i r s h a v e n ' t f a l l e n a p a r t , a n d i t ' s j u s t t h a t y o u

d o n ' t l i k e th e c o v e r s a n y m o r e , t h e n t h e y c a n m a k e

Speaker 5 (male): Oooh I HATE shops like that

monsters for people to take back home You can

a l w a y s h e a r b a g p i p e m u s i c p l a y i n g , a n d o t h e r k i n d s

more But, I suppose that if you are interested in

history and culture, they do tend to stock lots of

interesting books and calendars with nice scenic

thinking about it, they do normally sell good sweets

Part 2 (Suggested answers)

w h e r e a s p i c t u r e B i s o f a s w i m m i n g p o o l in t h e

in a group on the other hand can befun, as you are with

p e o p l e d a n c i n g i n t r a d i t i o n a l c o s t u m e P i c t u r e D

I t h i n k I' d e n j o y t h e tr a d i t i o n a l d a n c i n g m o r e , a s I d o n ' t

l i k e c l a s s i c a l m u s i c

coun-t r y , b u coun-t o n l y in coun-t h e b i g c i coun-t i e s

whereas twenty years ago more people went to the

2 To make contrasting points

neverthe-l e s s p e o p neverthe-l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m

i s i l l e g a l , p e o p l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m K i l l i n g e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s i s i l l e g a l , b u t p e o p l e

w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m While killing e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s i s il l e g a l , p e o p l e

w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m

i l l e g a l , p e o p l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m E v e n if k i l l i n g e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s i s i l l e g a l ,

p e o p l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m

Even though killing e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s i s il l e g a l ,

p e o p l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m

Killing e n d a n g e r e d s p e c i e s i s i l l e g a l , a t t h e s a m e

t i m e p e o p l e w i l l n o t s t o p h u n t i n g t h e m

To list points

twenty years ago

twenty years ago

Thirdly, the government must revise the

out-of-date laws which were written twenty years ago

out-of-date laws which were written twenty years ago

To add more points on a topic

What is more, the city should conduct inspections

of zoos

Apart from this/that/ln addition to this, the city

not to mention the fact that the city should

To list advantages/disadvantages

Another great advantage of regular exercise is

A further advantage of regular exercise is that it

The main advantage of regular exercise is that it

To express personal opinion

offer a greater selection of clothes than small

boutiques

a greater selection of clothes than small

bou-t i q u e s

offer a greater selection of clothes than small

b o u t i q u e s

g r e a t e r s e l e c t i o n o f c l o t h e s t h a n s m a l l b o u t i q u e s

a greater selection of clothes than small

c o u r s e s a n d p r o v i d e s m o d e r n f a c i l i t i e s Taking everything into account, the universityoffers a wide range of courses and provrdes

of courses and orovides modern facilities

of courses and provides modern facilities

a wide range of courses and provides modern

many people have lost their jobs

Exam Facus: Unit 3

On the face of it the building looked safe but

n e e d o f m a j o r s t r u c t u r a l r e p a i r s

Apparently the building was safe, but after a

To state other people's opinions

raise local taxes is unfair

A lot of people think/believe that the mavor's

proposal to raise local taxes is unfair

To introduce the other side of the argument

in-creasing the school year will only overwork

stu-o e n t s Those who oppose increasing the school yearclaim that it will onlv overwork students

To express balance

the other hand it can be very stressful

To give examples

equip-m e n t

To refer to what actually happens

i t e m s

To make general statements

As a general rule girls get better exam results

t h a n b o y s On the whole, girls get better exam results than

b o y s

To make partly correct statements Considering t h e h i g h ra t e o f u n e m p l o y m e n t , s o m ecompanies have, up to a point, tried to create

m o r e p o s i t i o n s Considering t h e h i g h ra t e o f u n e m p l o y m e n t , s o m ecompanies have, to a certain extent, tried ro

c r e a t e m o r e p o s i t i o n s Considering t h e h i g h ra t e o f u n e m p l o y m e n t , s o m ecompanies have, in a way, tried to create more

D o s i t i o n s Considering t h e h i g h ra t e o f u n e m p l o y m e n t , s o m ecompanies have, in a sense, tried to create

d e c i s i o n

To bring up other points or aspects

I n a n y c a s e , a n e w c o m m u n i t y c e n t r e w i l l q r e a t l y

b e n e f i t t h e o e o o l e o f t h e t o w n

Accepting the situation

quotation used is not fi'onr a reputable source The

With fame comes adoration

Disadvantages: Lack of privacy

Ttre suggestion t h a t n e w la w s s i r o u l d b e p a s s e d i s

r u s t i f i e d b y t h e p o i n t th a t th e g o v e r n m e n t s h o u l c

h a v e Ereater c o n t r o l o v e r g u n s T he suggestion t l r a t t f re g o v e r n r n e n t s h o u l d c r e a t e

l o b s a n d w o r k p r o g r a m r n e s f o r y o u n g p e o p l e is

j u s t i f i e d b y t l - r e p o i n t t h a t y o u n g p e o p l e n e e d lr e l p

t o f i n d w o r k The suggestion that yourrg people should be

p h o t o c o p r e r s a n d t e l e p h o n e s

s c i e n t i f i c a d v a n c e m e n t ; E v e r y t h i n g c a r r b e d e s t r o y e d a t t h e t o u c h o f

a button

M a c h i n e s w i l l c o m p l e t e l y r e p l a c e h L r m a n s L e a v e f e w e r j o b s

5

b

7

Exam Focus: Unit 3

essay and come up with a well-witten composition T

question: The importance of sport

Discuss T helps Ss analyse the subject using the

discusslon clock andlor gives them ideas to

on this, they are asked to do Ex I as follow up

Psychological: Can have both good and bad effects

ban-ning athletes from competing in certain events for

c o n d i t i o n

O p p o s i t e p o i n t o f v i e w : C h i l d r e n w h o a r e le s s a b l e

to per{orm in sports are likely to feel inadequate

Paragraph 2: Opening paragraph states a strong,

f i r m o p i n i o n

Paragraph 3: Opening paragraph starts with a

rhe-t o r i c a l q u e s t i o n

a p e r s o n a l o p i n r o n

P a r a g r a p h 4 : O p e n i n g p a r a g r a p h b e g i n s b y a d

Outlines used for each topic

Topic 3 - Providing solutions to problems (see

Topic 4 - "The Ups and Downs of Living Abroad,"

1O (T should gothrough each topic and discuss the planbefore Ss write the compositions.)

stress-ful life

disadvantages: fewer schools/libraries/hospitals,

Conclusion; balanced consideration

There are many points to take into consideration

the air is cleaner and people have fewer health

p r o b l e m s S e c o n d l y , t h e h i l l s , t r e e s a n d fi e l d s f o u n d

which to live Finally, people are thought to be

crime lt can be argued that these factors lead to a

On the other hand, the country has fewer schools,

l i b r a r i e s a n d h o s p i t a l s I n a d d i t i o n , g e t t i n g t o t h e s e

i s l e s s p u b l i c t r a n s p o r t

percep-tion of quality of life

2 lmportance of tourism - discursive

re-g i o n a r e c l e a r T h o u s a n d s o f p e o p l e w o r k i n t h e

economy However, jobs are often seasonal and

i n w i n t e r t i m e

be argued that numerous sites and monuments

tour-i s m

Many people enjoy visiting foreign cities,

gaining knowledge of other countries' history and

beach, rarely even meeting a local person

I n m y o p i n i o n , t o u r i s m c a n o n l y b e n e f i t a r e g i o nfully if it is properly managed lt is also important

country than its beaches

3 Banning cars (expressing opinion)

O u t l i n e

I n t r o d u c t i o n : s t a t e y o u r o p i n i o n

M a i n b o d y :

Para 3 - second point - better public transport,

j o b sPara 4 - last point - pollution

differentlyThe enormous number of cars on the road today

i s c a u s i n g m o r e p r o b l e m s t h a n a n y o n e c o u l d h a v eimagined I strongly believe that cars should bebanned from city centres

become a normal part of city life This makes driving

s u c h a n n o y i n g j o u r n e y s

c r e a t i n g j o b s , i m p r o v e d r a i l , b u s o r t r a m c o n n e c t i o n s

f r o m th e c i t y m u c h m o r e e a s i l y a n d q u i c k l y These are important points, but by far the most

s e r i o u s r e a s o n f o r b a n n i n g c a r s i s p o l l u t i o n C a r s

to health

M a n y o l d b u i l d i n g s a r e w e a k e n e d b y th e c o n s t a n t

T o s u m u p , b a n n i n g c a r s w o u l d n o t o n l y m a k e it

to improved health and a cleaner, more pleasanr

e n v r r o n m e n t

4 Endangered animals - Providing solutions to

p r o b l e m s

- ban sale of animal oroducts

- ban hunting

C o n c l u s i o n : re s t a t e o o i n i o nThe natural environment of many animals hasbeen either destroyed or harmed during the 20th

hunting These activities have led to the possible

e x t i n c t i o n o f a l a r g e n u m b e r o f a n i m a l s One solution to this problem would be to create

Urtit 4 ParI 1

i n e x i s t e n c e I n t h e s e p a r k s m a n i s p r o h i b i t e d f r o m

b u i l d i n g o r i n t e r f e r i n g w i t h th e a n i m a l s i n a n y w a y

Asia and Africa,

-t r i e s , e g E u r o p e

widespread - occurring in a lot of places

foi' and managing forests

t i m b e r - w o o d f o r c o m m e r c i a l u s eecological balance - perfect state of naturesubstantial - vast

rain that destroy woodlands and forests

(Ss do Ex 5 on their own, then T elicitslexphins themeaning of each distractor.)

.1 A protect (v) = 16 ensure that sth or sb is safefrom harm

B shelter (v) = to give sb or sth protection

C cover (v) = to place sth over sth else in order

D r e p o r t (n ) = p a p e r g i v i n g i n f o r m a t i o n a b o u t s t h

B state (n) = country run by a politicalorganisation

D , s i t e ( n ) = p l a c e w h e r e s t h is s i t u a t e d( e g c a m p s i t e )

2

3

4

3

4 A standard (n) = certain level of sth usu quality

B amount (n) = quantity of sth

D quality (n) = degree of goodness or worth

badly damaged in an accident

B' ruin (n) = state or process of being destroyed

C damage (n) = loss of value caused by an

D disaster (n) = event that causes damage or

r u i n

6 A tip (n) = pointed edge of sth

B top (n) = highest point or part of sth

C summit (n) = meeting between two or more

D Peak (n) : highest Point of sth

6 (Ss should memorise these text related collocations

i n v o l v i n g o i l ta n k e r s a r e d a m a g i n g t h e c o a s t l i n e a n d

a n i m a l li f e th e r e B u t a l l t h i s c o u l d c h a n g e if p e o p l ebecome aware of the problems

watch-i n g T V a l l th e t watch-i m e

P e o p l e h a v e a l s o b e c o m e t o o d e p e n d e n t o n t h e i rcars and should try to cycle or walk for shorter

j o u r n e y s

m o s t

T o s e e th e o c e a n a n d f i n d th e h e r o n ' s n e s t

A h e r o n

Y e s , s h e d o e s She feels overwhelmed

Reading Test: Part 2 (p 86-87)

Europe only has 1% of its ancient forests remaining

Consequences of damaging the woodlands: if the

woodlands continue to be damaged, it will cause a

a n d t i m b e r in d u s t r i e s , a n d i t w i l l th r e a t e n t h e e c o l o

-gical balance in Europe

Action being taken by the European Community: a

, (This activity should be done after T has presented the

theory of articles See S's book p.700 f can help Ss

with ideas before helshe assigns lhis as written HW.)

P o l l u t i o n i s i n c r e a s i n g d u e t o t h e v a s t a m o u n t s o f

gases being emitted from vehicle exhausts and to

order to supply the growing demand for electricity

(Suggested answers)

and has a large red beak

1 pine tree - a type of tree that is green all year round

heron - large bird found by riversnest - place where birds lay their eggs

experienceglory - feeling of having achieved sth great

oak tree - type of large tree

twigs - small branches

meaning of each distractor.)

C old (adj) : no longer new/young

D old-fashioned (adj) - out of date

2 A arrive in/at (v) = to come to a place at the

a lake, river or sea

C Puddle (n) = smatt Patch of water

dampen = to make sth wet

sway (v) = to move slowly from side to side

lay (v) = to put sb or sth in its place carefully

perch (v) = (of birds) to sit on a branch or sth

(Before Ss are assigned this as wiltten HW, T shouldremind them of all techniques involved in writing

(Suggested answer) , a s m a l l , s h i v e r i n g b u n d l e o f fu r L o o k i n g c l o s e l y ,

s n u g g l e d i n t o h e r je r s e y , s e a r c h i n g f o r w a r m t h' ' C o m e

o n , ' s a i d J u l i e S h e c a r r i e d t h e p u p p y in t o

that it was wearing a collar, with a tag attached to it

W r i t t e n o n t h e t a g w a s : S a l l y , 0 1 7 1 3 4 6 7 1 0 0 ' ' l s

t h a t y o u r p h o n e n u m b e r S a l l y ? " J u l i e a s k e d

S a l l y w a g g e d h e r ta i l , a n d lo o k e d u p w i t h b i g , tr u s t i n g

e y e s J u l i e h a d s e c r e t l y b e e n h o p i n g t h a t S a l l y d i d n ' thave an owner so she could keep her But now sheknew that she would have to take her home The

Warm-up Activities: Part 3 (p 90)

(Suggested answers)

t h e o c e a n s

a T o e n a b l e s c i e n t i s t s t o g u i d e s u b m a r i n e s w i t h o u t

them having accidents

c They found giant tube worms

waler

Reading Task: Part 3 (p 90-91)

1 4 8 1 5 E 1 6 A 1 7 G 1 8 C 1 9 F 2 0 D

1 the most beautiJrrr

2 the clearest

3 the most picturesque

4 the most majestrc

1 A encourage (v) = to make sb want to do sth

B enable (v) = to make sb able to do sth

D entitle (v) = to give sb the right to do sth

sth

B attempt (n) = act of trying to do sth

C trY (n) = attempt

D destruction (n) = large scale damage

5 A mat (n) = smatt covering used to protect afloor

B c a r p e t ( n ) = layerof s o f t m a t e r i a l u s e d t o c o v e rthe whole floor of house

rug (n) = small carpet covering part of a floormattress (n) = thicX cushion {or sleeping onarea (n) = region

Plain (n) = flat area of landvalley (n) = area with hills on either side

subside (v) = to weaken; become lowersink (v) = to go down into waterascend (v) = to go up

descend (v) = to go downstrengthen (v) = to become strongerharden (v) = to become more solid

toughen (v) = become less soft or flexible

3 (Ss should memorise these text related collocations

3 earthquake 5 forest fire

meaning of each distractor)

(Suggested answers)There are many reasons for doing this such as:

interest, technology, investigate earth's structure,

crea-tion of mountain ranges, record changes, to

6 s u b m a r i n e 9 h o t

4