Research methods for business 5th ch5

Slide 5.3Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Edition, © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill 2009 The Process of Research Design • Rese

Trang 2

Slide 5.2

Saunders, Lewis and Thornhill, Research Methods for Business Students, 5th Edition, © Mark Saunders, Philip Lewis and Adrian Thornhill 2009

Trang 3

Slide 5.3

The Process of Research Design

• Research choices

• Research strategies

• Time horizons

Trang 4

Slide 5.4

Research Design and Tactics

The research onion

Saunders et al, (2009)

Figure 5.1 The research ‘onion’

Trang 5

Slide 5.5

Research Design The research design needs

• Clear objectives derived from the research

question

• To specify sources of data collection

• To consider constraints and ethical issues

• Valid reasons for your choice of design

Trang 6

Slide 5.6

Trang 7

Slide 5.7

Trang 8

Slide 5.8

Trang 9

Slide 5.9

Trang 10

Slide 5.10

Trang 11

Slide 5.11

Trang 12

Slide 5.12

Trang 13

Slide 5.13

Trang 14

Slide 5.14

Trang 15

Slide 5.15

Trang 16

Slide 5.16

Trang 17

Slide 5.17

Trang 18

Slide 5.18

Trang 19

Slide 5.19

Classification of the research purpose

Exploratory research is a valuable means

of finding out ‘what is happening to seek new

insights; to ask questions and to assess

phenomena in a new light’ It is particularly

useful if you wish to clarify your

understanding of a problem, such as if you

are unsure of precise nature of the problem

It may well be that time is well spent on

exploratory research, as it may show that the

research is not worth pursuing!

Trang 20

• A search of the literature;

• Interviewing ‘experts’ in the subject;

• Conducting focus group interviews

Trang 21

Slide 5.21

Descriptive studies

• The object of descriptive research is ‘ to

‘portray an accurate profile of persons, events or situations’ This may be an extension of, or a forerunner to a piece of exploratory research or, more often, a

piece of explanatory research It is necessary to have a clear picture of the phenomena on which you wish to collect data prior to collection of data

Trang 22

Slide 5.22

Explanatory research

• Studies that establish causal relationships

between variables may be termed explanatory research The emphasis her is

on studying a situation or a problem in order

to explain the relationship between variables For example, that a cursory analysis of

quantitative data on manufacturing scrap rates shows a relationship between scrap rates and the age of machine being operated

Trang 23

Slide 5.23

Research Strategies

Ethnography Case study

Archival research

Trang 24

Slide 5.24

An experiment will involve

• Definition of a theoretical hypothesis

• Selection of samples from know populations

• Random allocation of samples

• Introduction of planned intervention

• Measurement on a small number of

dependent variables

• Control of all other variables

Trang 25

Slide 5.25

Survey: key features

• Popular in business research

• Perceived as authoritative

• Allows collection of quantitative data

• Data can be analysed quantitatively

• Samples need to be representative

• Gives the researcher independence

• Structured observation and interviews can be

used

Trang 26

Slide 5.26

Research Strategies Case Study: key features

• Provides a rich understanding of a real life context

• Uses and triangulates multiple sources of data

A case study can be categorised in four ways

and based on two dimensions:

single case v multiple case holistic case v embedded case

Yin (2003)

Trang 27

Slide 5.27

Research Strategies Action research: key features

• Research IN action - not ON action

• Involves practitioners in the research

• The researcher becomes part of the organisation

• Promotes change within the organisation

• Can have two distinct foci (Schein, 1999) –

the aim of the research and the needs of the

sponsor

Trang 28

Slide 5.28

Research Strategies Grounded theory: key features

• Theory is built through induction and deduction

• Helps to predict and explain behaviour

• Develops theory from data generated by

observations

• Is an interpretative process, not a

logico-deductive one

Based on Suddaby (2006)

Trang 29

Slide 5.29

Research Strategies Ethnography: key features

• Aims to describe and explain the social world

inhabited by the researcher

• Takes place over an extended time period

• Is naturalistic

• Involves extended participant observation

Trang 30

Slide 5.30

Archival research: key features

• Uses administrative records and documents as

the principal sources of data

• Allows research questions focused on the past

• Is constrained by the nature of the records and

documents

Trang 31

• Research access is more easily available

• The researcher knows the organisation

• Has the disadvantage of familiarity

• The researcher is likely to their own

assumptions

and preconceptions

• The dual role requires careful negotiation

Trang 32

Slide 5.32

Multiple research methods

Research choices

Saunders et al, (2009)

Figure 5.4 Research choices

Trang 33

Slide 5.33

Multiple research methods

Reasons for using mixed method designs:

Trang 34

Slide 5.34

Time Horizons Select the appropriate time horizon

• Cross-sectional studies

• Longitudinal studies

Trang 35

Slide 5.35

Credibility of research findings

Trang 36

Slide 5.36

Research design ethics

Remember

‘The research design should not subject the research population to embarrassment, harm

or other material disadvantage’

Adapted from Saunders et al, (2009)

Trang 37

Slide 5.37

Summary: Chapter 5

Research design turns a research question and

objectives into a project that considers Strategies Choices Time horizons

Research projects can be categorised as Exploratory Descriptive Explanatory

Research projects may be

Trang 38

Slide 5.38

Summary: Chapter 5 Important considerations

• The main research strategies may combined

in the same project

• The opportunities provided by using multiple

methods

• The validity and reliability of results

• Access and ethical considerations

Định dạng
Số trang	38
Dung lượng	1,42 MB