GIẢI CHI TIẾT CAMBRIDGE IELTS tập 7

TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI IELTS FIGHTER 9 mù thường dùng âm thanh vọng lại từ bước chân hoặc những âm thanh khác để cảm nhận được sự xuất hiện của những vật cản hoặc trở ngại trên đường.. TRUN

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TRUNG TÂM LUYỆN THI IELTS FIGHTER 1

GIẢI CHI TIẾT

CAMBRIDGE IELTS 7

Biên soạn: Ms Ngọc Cúc Trung tâm luyện thi IELTS Fighter

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Hướng dẫn sử dụng tài liệu hiệu quả:

Cambridge IELTS là bộ tài liệu đề thi gần sát với đề thi thật do chính tổ chức Cambridge (tổ chức sáng lập kỳ thi IELTS phát hành) Chính vì vậy mà đây là nguồn tham khảo và luyện tập vô cùng hiệu quả

Tuy nhiên, do thiếu phần hướng dẫn và giải chi tiết nên các học viên khi sử dụng bộ tài liệu này cảm thấy kho khẳn hơn Thấu hiểu điều đó mà tập thể giáo viên tại IELTS Fighter cả Hà Nội và TP HCM đã chung tay nhau lại biên soạn bộ Giải đề Cambridge IELTS từ 7-11 Đây

là món quà trung tâm gửi tặng các chiến binh IELTS trên cả nước làm vũ khí chinh phục điểm cao trong kì thi IELTS nhé!

Để sử dụng bộ tài liệu hiệu quả các em cần:

Làm đề để xem mức độ bản thân hiện tại và cải thiện hướng học tập

Nếu các em chưa đến ngày thi (còn lớn hơn 1 tháng) thì không nên sử dụng đề thi để luyện

mà các em nên sử dụng đề để xem mình yếu phần nào, hổng ở đâu và học tập nhé!

Các em có thể làm 1 đề và kiểm tra trình độ bản thân, sau một thời gian làm lại xem thử sự tiến bộ của bản thân như thế nào

Làm đề trước khi xem đáp án – giải chi tiết!

Để học tập tốt, các em nên làm đề và tự chấm – kiểm tra bài làm của mình rồi mới xem đáp

án, giải chi tiết Khi đó các em mới rút ra được những bài học cho bản thân mình tốt nhất Đừng quên rút ra các điểm hay của hướng dẫn, bài mẫu cho bản thân nhé!

Hãy làm lại thêm lần nữa!

Tất nhiên rồi, sau khi rút ra các điều trên thì các em nên làm lại và áp dụng để ghi nhớ nhé Nếu có thể, các em làm lại nhiều lần là tốt nhất ^^

Gần thi, hãy bấm thời gian!

Tạo áp lực, căn thời gian và điều chỉnh lại cách làm bài của bản thân là điều cần thiết trong mọi kì thi IELTS cũng vậy các em nhé!

Cô Ngọc Cúc

và tập thể giáo viên IELTS Fighter!

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Cơ sở 1: 254 Hoàng Văn Thái – Thanh Xuân – Hà Nội

Cơ sở 2: 44 Trần Quốc Hoàn – Cầu Giấy – Hà Nội

Cơ sở 3: 410 Xã Đàn – Đống Đa – Hà Nội

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Bats have a problem: how to find their way around in the dark They hunt

at night, and cannot use light to help them find prey and avoid obstacles You might say that this is a problem of their own making, one that they could avoid simply by changing their habits and hunting by day But the daytime economy is already heavily exploited by other creatures such as birds Given that there is a living to be made at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied, natural selection has favoured bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade It

is probable that the nocturnal trades go way back in the ancestry of all mammals In the time when the dinosaurs dominated the daytime economy, our mammalian ancestors probably only managed to survive at all because they found ways of scraping a living at night Only after the mysterious mass extinction of the dinosaurs about 65 million years ago were our ancestors able to emerge into the daylight in any substantial numbers

B

Bats have an engineering problem: how to find their way and find their prey in the absence of light Bats are not the only creatures to face this difficulty today Obviously the night-flying insects that they prey on must find their way about somehow Deep-sea fish and whales have little or no light by day or by night Fish and dolphins that live in extremely muddy water cannot see because, although there is light, it is obstructed and scattered by the dirt in the water Plenty of other modern animals make their living in conditions where seeing is difficult or impossible

C

Given the questions of how to manoeuvre in the dark, what solutions might an engineer consider? The first one that might occur to him is to manufacture light, to use a lantern or a searchlight Fireflies and some fish

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(usually with the help of bacteria) have the power to manufacture their own light, but the process seems to consume a large amount of energy Fireflies use their light for attracting mates This doesn't require a prohibitive amount of energy: a male’s tiny pinprick of light can be seen

by a female from some distance on a dark night, since her eyes are exposed directly to the light source itself However using light to find one's own way around requires vastly more energy, since the eyes have

to detect the tiny fraction of the light that bounces off each part of the scene The light source must therefore be immensely brighter if it is to be used as a headlight to illuminate the path, than if it is to be used as a signal

to others In any event, whether or not the reason is the energy expense, it seems to be the case that, with the possible exception of some weird deep-sea fish, no animal apart from man uses manufactured light to find its way about

D

What else might the engineer think of? Well, blind humans sometimes seem to have an uncanny sense of obstacles in their path It has been given the name 'facial vision’, because blind people have reported that it feels a bit like the sense of touch, on the face One report tells of a totally blind boy who could ride his tricycle at good speed round the block near his home, using facial vision Experiments showed that, in fact, facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation may be referred to the front of the face, like the referred pain in a phantom limb The sensation of facial vision, it turns out, really goes in through the ears

Blind people, without even being aware of the fact, are actually using echoes of their own footsteps and of other sounds, to sense the presence

of obstacles Before this was discovered, engineers had already built instruments to exploit the principle, for example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship After this technique had been invented, it was only a matter of time before weapons designers adapted it for the detection of submarines Both sides in the Second World War relied heavily on these devices, under such codenames as Asdic (British) and Sonar (American),

as well as Radar (American) or RDF (British), which uses radio echoes rather than sound echoes

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E

The Sonar and Radar pioneers didn't know it then, but all the world now knows that bats, or rather natural selection working on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of years earlier; and their radar' achieves feats

of detection and navigation that would strike an engineer dumb with admiration It is technically incorrect to talk about bat 'radar', since they do not use radio waves It is sonar But the underlying mathematical theories

of radar and sonar are very similar; and much of our scientific understanding of the details of what bats are doing has come from applying radar theory to them The American zoologist Donald Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats, coined the term 'écholocation' to cover both sonar and radar, whether used by animals

or by human instruments

Questions 1-5

Reading Passage 1 has five paragraphs, A-E

Which paragraph contains the following information?

Write the correct letter, A-E , in boxes 1-5 on your answer sheet

NB You may use any letter more than once

1 examples of wildlife other than bats which do not rely on vision to

navigate by

2 how early mammals avoided dying out

3 why bats hunt in the dark

4 how a particular discovery has helped our understanding of bats

5 early military uses of echolocation

GỢI Ý CHỮA ĐỀ:

1 examples of

wildlife other than

bats which do not rely

on vision to navigate

by

B Deep-sea fish and whales are little or

no light by day or by night ( nghĩa là

những con cá ở sâu dưới lòng biển và

cá voi thì cả ban ngày và ban đêm đều hầu như không thấy ánh sáng)

2 how early A In the time when the dinosaurs

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mammals avoided

dying out

dominated the daytime economy, our mammalian ancestors probably only managed to survive at all

because they found ways of scraping a living at night ( nghĩa là những con khủng long thống trị vào ban ngày thì những tổ tiên động vật có vú phải tồn tại bằng cách sống sót ít ỏi vào ban đêm)

3 why bats

hunt in the dark

A Given that there is a living to be made

at night, and given that alternative daytime trades are thoroughly occupied , natural selection has

favored bats that make a go of the night-hunting trade ( nghĩa là: vì thức

ăn vào ban ngày đã hầu như bị

“chiếm” hết rồi, thế nên nguyên tắc chọc lọc tự nhiên đã chỉ ra rằng dơi phải đi săn mồi vào ban đêm.)

4 how a

particular discovery

has helped our

understanding of bats

E But the underlying physical theories

of radar and sonar are very similar,

and much of our scientific understanding of the details of what

bats are doing has come from applying radar theory to them

5 early

military uses of

echolocation

G After this technique has been

invented, it was only a matter of time before waponsasons suitable for the detection of submarines ( nghĩa là: sau khi phát minh ra công nghệ này thì việc cải thiện nó thành một vật dò tìm tàu ngầm chỉ là vấn đề sớm hay muộn mà thôi.)

 a matter of time: vấn đề về thời gian, vấn đề sớm muộn

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Questions 6-9

Complete the summary below

Choose ONE WORD ONLY from the passage for each answer

Write your answers in boxes 6-9 on your answer sheet

Facial Vision

Blind people report that so-called ‘facial vision' is comparable to the

sensation of touch on the face In fact, the sensation is more similar to the

way in which pain from a 6………… arm or leg might be felt The ability actually comes from perceiving 7………… through the ears However,

even before this was understood, the principle had been applied in

the design of instruments which calculated the 8………… of the seabed

This was followed by a wartime application in devices for

finding 9…………

Blind people report

that so-called ‘facial

vision' is comparable

to the sensation of

touch on the face In

fact, the sensation is

more similar to the

way in which pain

from a 6 …………

arm or leg might be

felt

facial vision is nothing to do with touch or the front of the face, although the sensation may be referred to the front of the face, like the referred pain in a

phantom limb

The ability actually

comes from

perceiving 7………

through the ears

being aware of the fact, are

actually using echoes of their own

footsteps and of other sounds, to sense the presence of

obstacles (nghĩa là những người

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mù thường dùng âm thanh vọng lại

từ bước chân hoặc những âm thanh khác để cảm nhận được sự xuất hiện của những vật cản hoặc trở ngại trên đường.)

before this was

principle had been

applied in the design

of instruments which

8………… of the

seabed

discovered, engineers had already built instruments

to exploit the principle, for

example to measure the depth of the sea under a ship

 measure (v) = calculate (v): đo lường, tính toán

This was followed by

a wartime application

in devices for finding

9…………

invented, it was only a matter

of time before weapons

designers adapted it for the detection of submarines

Questions 10-13

Complete the sentences below

Choose NO MORE THAN TWO WORDS from the passage for each

answer

Write your answers in boxes 10-13 on your answer sheet

10 Long before the invention of radar, ………… had resulted in a

sophisticated radar-like system in bats

11 Radar is an inaccurate term when referring to bats because …………

are not used in their navigation system

12 Radar and sonar are based on similar …………

13 The word ‘echolocation’ was first used by someone working as

a …………

10 Long before the natural The Sonar and Radar pioneers

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invention of

radar, had

resulted in a

sophisticated

radar-like system in bats

world now knows that bats, or

rather natural selection working

on bats, had perfected the system tens of millions of

years earlier (nghĩa là: lúc đó thì chưa có sự ra đời của ra-đa, nên chọn lọc tự nhiên đối với loài dơi

đã giúp hoàn thiện hệ thống này trong suốt nhiều năm trước đó.)

about bat 'radar', since they do not use radio waves (nghĩa là: sử dụng

từ “ra-đa” để nói về loài dơi thì thật ra là chưa chính xác vì chúng không sử dụng sóng radio.)

12 Radar and sonar

are based on

similar

mathematical theories

But the underlying mathematical theories of radar and sonar are very similar (nghĩa là: lý thuyết toán học của radar và sonar thì rất giống nhau.)

13 The word

‘echolocation’ was

first used by someone

working as a

Griffin, who was largely responsible for the discovery of sonar in bats, coined the term 'écholocation' to cover both sonar and radar, whether used

by animals or by human instruments (nghĩa là: Donald Griffin đã dùng cụm

“echolocation” để chỉ về cả sonar

và radar, dù là người hay vật.)

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Reading passage 2

Making Every Drop Count

A

The history of human civilisation is entwined with the history of the ways

we have learned to manipulate water resources As towns gradually expanded, water was brought from increasingly remote sources, leading to sophisticated engineering efforts such as dams and aqueducts At the height of the Roman Empire, nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today

B

During the industrial revolution and population explosion of the 19th and 20th centuries, the demand for water rose dramatically Unprecedented construction of tens of thousands of monumental engineering projects designed to control floods, protect clean water supplies, and provide water for irrigation and hydropower brought great benefits to hundreds of millions of people Food production has kept pace with soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40 % of the world’s food Nearly one fifth of all the electricity generated worldwide is produced by turbines spun by the power of falling water

C

Yet there is a dark side to this picture: despite our progress, half of the world’s population still suffers, with water services inferior to those available to the ancient Greeks and Romans As the United Nations report on access to water reiterated in November 2001, more than one billion people lack access to clean drinking water; some two and a half billion do not have adequate sanitation services Preventable water-related diseases kill an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems

D

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The consequences of our water policies extend beyond jeopardising human health Tens of millions of people have been forced to move from their homes - often with little warning or compensation - to make way for the reservoirs behind dams More than 20 % of all freshwater fish species are now threatened or endangered because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they thrive Certain irrigation practices degrade soil quality and reduce agricultural productivity Groundwater aquifers* are being pumped down faster than they are naturally replenished in parts of India, China, the USA and elsewhere And disputes over shared water resources have led to violence and continue to raise local, national and even international tensions

*underground stores of water

F

Fortunately - and unexpectedly - the demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted As a result, the pressure to build new water infrastructures has diminished over the past two decades Although population, industrial output and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations, the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed And in a few parts of the world, demand has actually fallen

G

What explains this remarkable turn of events? Two factors: people have figured out how to use water more efficiently, and communities are

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rethinking their priorities for water use Throughout the first three-quarters

of the 20th century, the quantity of freshwater consumed per person doubled on average; in the USA, water withdrawals increased tenfold while the population quadrupled But since 1980, the amount of water consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry In 1965, for instance, Japan used approximately 13 million gallons* of water to produce $1 million of commercial output; by 1989 this had dropped to 3.5 million gallons (even accounting for inflation) - almost a quadrupling of water productivity In the USA, water withdrawals have fallen by more than 20 % from their peak in 1980

H

On the other hand, dams, aqueducts and other kinds of infrastructure will still have to be built, particularly in developing countries where basic human needs have not been met But such projects must be built to higher specifications and with more accountability to local people and their environment than in the past And even in regions where new projects seem warranted, we must find ways to meet demands with fewer resources, respecting ecological criteria and to a smaller budget

* 1 gallon: 4.546 litres

Questions 14-20

Reading Passage 2 has seven paragraphs, A-H

Choose the correct heading for paragraphs A and C-H from the list of headings below

Write the correct number, i-xi, in boxes 14-20 on your answer sheet

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List of Headings

i Scientists’ call for a revision of policy

ii An explanation for reduced water use

iii How a global challenge was met

iv Irrigation systems fall into disuse

v Environmental effects

vi The financial cost of recent technological improvements

vii The relevance to health

viii Addressing the concern over increasing populations

ix A surprising downward trend in demand for water

x The need to raise standards

xi A description of ancient water supplies

14 Paragraph A xi At the height of the Roman Empire,

nine major systems, with an innovative layout of pipes and well-built sewers, supplied the occupants of Rome with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world

today (nghĩa là: vào thời của đế quốc

La Mã thì có đến 9 hệ thống ống nước tân tiến để cung cấp nước cho người dân của Rome, mà lượng nước này tương đương với mức mà thế giới công nghiệp ngày nay được cung cấp.)

15 Paragraph C vii Preventable water-related diseases kill

an estimated 10,000 to 20,000 children every day, and the

latest evidence suggests that we are falling behind in efforts to solve these problems (trong đoạn có những

từ khóa như: diseases, kill…  liên quan đến sức khỏe)

16 Paragraph D v More than 20 % of all freshwater fish

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species are now threatened or endangered because dams and water withdrawals have destroyed the free-flowing river ecosystems where they thrive (nghĩa là: hơn 20% những loài

cá nước ngọt đang bị đe dọa, hoặc gặp nguy hiểm vì những cái đập và việc lấy nước đã phá hủy hệ sinh thái dòng chảy nơi mà chúng sinh sống  liên quan đến môi trường)

17 Paragraph E i Some water experts are

now demanding that existing infrastructure be used in smarter ways rather than building new facilities, which is increasingly

considered the option of last, not first, resort (nghĩa là: các chuyên gia về nước đang yêu cầu hệ thống hạ tầng phải được sử dụng tốt hơn, hiệu quả hơn  một yêu cầu liên quan đến chính sách)

 expert (n): chuyên gia

= professional

= specialist

18 Paragraph F ix Fortunately - and unexpectedly - the

demand for water is not rising as rapidly as some predicted

19 Paragraph G ii What explains this remarkable turn of

events? Two factors: … (nêu ra hai yếu tố giải thích cho điều đặc biệt này)

20 Paragraph H x But such projects must be built to

higher specifications and with more accountability to local people

and their environment than in the past (có từ khóa: “higher specifications” và

“more accountability”  nâng tiêu chuẩn)

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Questions 21-26

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 2?

In boxes 21-26 on your answer sheet, write

YES if the statement agrees with the claims of the writer

NO if the statement contradicts the claims of the writer

NOT GIVEN if it is impossible to say what the writer thinks about this

21 Water use per person is higher in the industrial world than it was in

24 Industrial growth is increasing the overall demand for water

25 Modern technologies have led to a reduction in domestic water

consumption

26 In the future, governments should maintain ownership of water

infrastructures

21 Water use per

person is higher in

the industrial world

than it was in Ancient

Rome

NO … supplied the occupants of Rome

with as much water per person as is provided in many parts of the industrial world today (có cụm “as much water per person as….”, tức là số lượng bằng tương đương.)

YES Food production has kept pace with

soaring populations mainly because of the expansion of artificial

irrigation systems that make possible the growth of 40 % of the world’s food (nghĩa là: ngành công nghiệp sản xuất thực phẩm đã đuổi kịp với việc dân số gia tăng chủ yếu là nhờ sự mở rộng các

hệ thống tưới tiêu nhân tạo giúp tạo ra

sự gia tăng 40% thực phẩm của thế giới.)

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 to keep pace with sth: giữ cho nhịp

độ của một công việc gì đó luôn ổn định

23 Modern water

systems imitate those

of the ancient Greeks

and Romans

NOT GIVEN

Không được đưa ra trong bài

24 Industrial growth

is increasing the

overall demand for

water

NO Although population, industrial output

and economic productivity have continued to soar in developed nations, the rate at which people withdraw water from aquifers, rivers and lakes has slowed (nghĩa là: mặc cho sự phát triển vượt bậc của công nghiệp nhưng mức nước mà con người lấy ra từ sông

hồ lại không nhiều.)

 to continue to do sth: tiếp tục làm điều gì đó

YES But since 1980, the amount of water

consumed per person has actually decreased, thanks to a range of new technologies that help to conserve water in homes and industry (nghĩa là: nhờ có những công nghệ mới giúp giữ nước trong hộ gia đình và công nghiệp nên lượng nước mà mỗi người sử dụng lại giảm.)

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Reading passage 3:

EDUCATING PSYCHE

Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning, describing the effects of emotion, imagination and the unconscious on learning One theory discussed in the book is that proposed by George Lozanov, which focuses on the power of suggestion Lozanov's instructional technique is based on the evidence that the connections made in the brain through unconscious processing (which he calls non-specific mental reactivity) are more durable than those made through conscious processing Besides the laboratory evidence for this, we know from our experience that we often remember what we have perceived peripherally, long after we have forgotten what we set out

to learn If we think of a book we studied months or years ago, we will find it easier to recall peripheral details - the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the library where we sat while studying it - than the content on which we were concentrating If we think of

a lecture we listened to with great concentration, we will recall the lecturer's appearance and mannerisms, our place in the auditorium, the failure of the air-conditioning, much more easily than the ideas we went to learn Even if these peripheral details are a bit elusive, they come back readily in hypnosis or when we relive the event imaginatively, as

in psychodrama The details of the content of the lecture, on the other hand, seem to have gone forever

This phenomenon can be partly attributed to the common counterproductive approach to study (making extreme efforts to memorise, tensing muscles, inducing fatigue), but it also simply reflects the way the brain functions Lozanov therefore made indirect instruction (suggestion) central to his teaching system In suggestopedia, as he called his method, consciousness is shifted away from the curriculum to focus on something peripheral The curriculum then becomes peripheral and is dealt with by the reserve capacity of the brain

The suggestopedic approach to foreign language learning provides a good illustration In its most recent variant (1980), it consists of the reading of vocabulary and text while the class is listening to music The first session

is in two parts In the first part, the music is classical (Mozart, Beethoven, Brahms) and the teacher reads the text slowly and solemnly, with attention

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to the dynamics of the music The students follow the text in their books This is followed by several minutes of silence In the second part, they listen to baroque music (Bach, Corelli, Handel) while the teacher reads the text in a normal speaking voice During this time they have their books closed During the whole of this session, their attention

is passive; they listen to the music but make no attempt to learn the material

Beforehand, the students have been carefully prepared for the language learning experience Through meeting with the staff and satisfied students they develop the expectation that learning will be easy and pleasant and that they will successfully learn several hundred words of the foreign language during the class In a preliminary talk, the teacher introduces them to the material to be covered, but does not 'teach' it Likewise, the students are instructed not to try to learn it during this introduction

Some hours after the two-part session, there is a follow-up class at which the students are stimulated to recall the material presented Once again the approach is indirect The students do not focus their attention on trying

to remember the vocabulary, but focus on using the language to communicate (e.g through games or improvised dramatisations) Such methods are not unusual in language teaching What is distinctive in the suggestopedic method is that they are devoted entirely to assisting recall The 'learning' of the material is assumed to be automatic and effortless, accomplished while listening to music The teacher's task is

to assist the students to apply what they have learned paraconsciously, and

in doing so to make it easily accessible to consciousness Another difference from conventional teaching is the evidence that students can regularly learn 1000 new words of a foreign language during a suggestopedic session, as well as grammar and idiom

Lozanov experimented with teaching by direct suggestion during sleep, hypnosis and trance states, but found such procedures unnecessary Hypnosis, yoga, Silva mind-control, religious ceremonies and faith healing are all associated with successful suggestion, but none of their techniques seem to be essential to it Such rituals may be seen as placebos Lozanov acknowledges that the ritual surrounding suggestion in his own system is also a placebo, but maintains that without such a placebo people are unable

or afraid to tap the reserve capacity of their brains Like any placebo, it must be dispensed with authority to be effective Just as a doctor calls on

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the full power of autocratic suggestion by insisting that the patient take precisely this white capsule precisely three times a day before meals, Lozanov is categoric in insisting that the suggestopedic session be conducted exactly in the manner designated, by trained and accredited suggestopedic teachers

While suggestopedia has gained some notoriety through success in the teaching of modern languages, few teachers are able to emulate the spectacular results of Lozanov and his associates We can, perhaps, attribute mediocre results to an inadequate placebo effect The students have not developed the appropriate mind set They are often not motivated to learn through this method They do not have enough 'faith' They do not see it as 'real teaching', especially as it does not seem

to involve the 'work' they have learned to believe is essential to learning

Questions 27-30

Choose the correct letter , A, B, C or D.

Write the correct letter in boxes 27-30 on your answer sheet

27 The book Educating Psyche is mainly concerned with

A the power of suggestion in learning

B a particular technique for learning based on emotions

C the effects of emotion on the imagination and the unconscious

D ways of learning which are not traditional

28 Lozanov’s theory claims that, when we try to remember things,

A unimportant details are the easiest to recall

B concentrating hard produces the best results

C the most significant facts are most easily recalled

D peripheral vision is not important

29 In this passage, the author uses the examples of a book and a lecture

to illustrate that

A both of these are important for developing concentration

B his theory about methods of learning is valid

C reading is a better technique for learning than listening

D we can remember things more easily under hypnosis

Trang 21

30 Lozanov claims that teachers should train students to

A memorise details of the curriculum

B develop their own sets of indirect instructions

C think about something other than the curriculum content

D avoid overloading the capacity of the brain

D Educating Psyche by Bernie Neville is

a book which looks at radical new approaches to learning

 an approach to sth: cách tiếp cận với một cái gì đó

28 Lozanov’s

theory claims that,

when we try to

remember things,…

A If we think of a book we studied

months or years ago, we will find it

easier to recall peripheral details -

the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the library where we sat while studying it - than the content on which we were concentrating If we think of a lecture we listened to with

great concentration, we will recall the lecturer's appearance

and mannerisms, our place in the auditorium, the failure of the air- conditioning,

 to recall sth: gợi nhớ về cái gì đó

 detail (n): chi tiết

 in detail: một cách chi tiết

B If we think of a book we studied

months or years ago, we will find it easier to recall peripheral details - the colour, the binding, the typeface, the table at the library where we sat while studying it - than the content on which we were concentrating

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If we think of a lecture we listened to with great concentration, we will recall the lecturer's appearance

and mannerisms, our place in the auditorium, the failure of the air-conditioning, much more easily than the ideas we went to learn (người viết nhắc đến ví dụ về cuốn sách và bài giảng để cho thấy rằng điều mà ông ấy nói ở trước là: “we often remember what we have perceived peripherally” – chúng ta thường nhớ những điều mà ta nhận thức được bên ngoài.)

30 Lozanov claims

that teachers should

train students to…

C Likewise, the students are instructed

not to try to learn it during this introduction

Questions 31-36

Do the following statements agree with the information given in Reading Passage 3?

In boxes 31-36 on your answer sheet, write

TRUE if the statement agrees with the information

FALSE if the statement contradicts the information

NOT GIVEN if there is no information on this

31 In the example of suggestopedic teaching in the fourth paragraph, the

only variable that changes is the music

32 Prior to the suggestopedia class, students are made aware that the

language experience will be demanding

33 In the follow-up class, the teaching activities are similar to those used

in conventional classes

34 As an indirect benefit, students notice improvements in their memory

35 Teachers say they prefer suggestopedia to traditional approaches to

language teaching

36 Students in a suggestopedia class retain more new vocabulary than

those in ordinary classes

Trang 23

teaching in the fourth

paragraph, the only

variable that changes

is the music

solemnly  the teacher reads the text

in a normal speaking voice  tốc độ đọc của giáo viên cũng có thay đổi

 solemnly (adv): khoan thai, chậm rãi

32 _ Prior to

the suggestopedia

class, students are

made aware that the

language

experience will be

demanding

satisfied students they develop the expectation that learning will be

easy and pleasant  việc học ngôn

ngữ không yêu cầu cao mà ngược lại rất dễ dàng và thoải mái

 to be satisfied with sth: cảm thấy hài lòng về điều gì đó

>< to be dissatisfied with sth: cảm thấy không hài lòng về điều gì đó

33 _ In the

follow-up class, the

teaching activities are

similar to those used

36 _ Students

in a suggestopedia

from conventional teaching is

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class retain more new

vocabulary than those

in ordinary classes

the evidence that students

can regularly learn 1000 new words of

a foreign language during a suggestopedic session, as well

as grammar and idiom

 regularly (adv): thường xuyên

= frequently

Questions 37-40

Complete the summary using the list of words, A-K , below

Write the correct letter, A-K , in boxes 37-40 on your answer sheet

Suggestopedia uses a less direct method of suggestion than other

techniques such as hypnosis However, Lozanov admits that a certain

amount of 37……… is necessary in order to convince students, even if this is just a 38……… Furthermore, if the method is to succeed, teachers

must follow a set procedure Although Lozanov's method has become

quite 39……… the results of most other teachers using this method

have been 40………

A spectacular B teaching C lesson

D authoritarian E unpopular F ritual

G unspectacular H placebo I involved

J appropriate K well known

F Từ cần điền phải là một danh từ không

đếm được  đáp án “ritual” thỏa mãn

Trang 25

convince students

even if this is just

a 38 ………

H Phía trước từ cần điền có mạo từ “a”

 từ cần điền phải là một danh từ đếm được, không bắt đầu bằng một âm nguyên âm  chỉ có “placebo” đáp ứng được

Although Lozanov's

method has become

quite 39 ……… the

results of most other

teachers using this

method

have been 40 ………

K While suggestopedia has gained some

notoriety through success in the

teaching of modern languages,…

 notoriety (n): sự rõ ràng, ai cũng biết, sự nổi danh

Although Lozanov's

method has become

quite 39 ……… the

results of most other

teachers using this

method

have been 40 ………

G .few teachers are able to emulate

the spectacular results of Lozanov and his associates  rất ít giáo viên có thể đưa ra được những kết quả xuất sắc

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WRITING

Writing task 1:

You should spend about 20 minutes on this task

The table below gives information on consumer spending on different items in five different countries in 2002

Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant

Write at least 150 words

Percentage of national consumer expenditure by category -2002

Country Food/Drinks/Tobacco Clothing/Footwear Leisure/Education

BÀI MẪU:

The table gives the breakdown about data on consumer spending on various items (Food / Drink / Tobacco, Clothing / Footwear and Leisure /

Trang 27

Education) in five different countries (Ireland, Italy, Spain, Sweden and Turkey) in 2002

Generally, each country consumed much more in food/ drink/ tobacco where Turkey dominated the first place with 32.14%, standing in marked contrast with Sweden (only 15.77%) than in other 2 categories In terms of Clothing/ Footwear, Italy expectedly spent most with 9% compared with still Sweden seeing the smallest proportion (5.4%) As for Leisure/ Education, it was Turkey and Spain that consumed the most and least with 4.35% and 1.98% respectively

Additionally, we can see immediately that in food/ drink/ tobacco, after Turkey, Ireland, Spain and Italy came in turn with 28.91%, 18.80% and 16.36% On the contrary, in Clothing/ Footwear, we failed to see big gap from Spain, Ireland and Sweden in middle positions which saw different reductions of 2.49%, 2.57% and 3.6% in comparison with Italy, likewise,

in Leisure/ Education, still small differences were found To be exact, Turkey was followed by Sweden, Italy and Ireland in a slow falling turn with 3.22%, 3.2% and 2.21%

In conclusion, people prefer to spend on those products directly relating to food

PHÂN TÍCH BÀI MẪU:

Bài văn gồm bốn phần:

 Đoạn 1: đưa ra thông tin chính của bảng số liệu

 Đoạn 2: chỉ ra quốc gia tiêu dùng các sản phẩm này nhiều nhất

 Đoạn 3: so sánh giữa các quốc gia ở mỗi nhóm sản phẩm

 Đoạn 4: kết luận

TỪ VỰNG NỔI BẬT:

respectively (adv) theo thứ tự

Trang 28

to spend on sth chi tiêu vào cái gì đó

MẪU CÂU NỔI BẬT:

1 Generally, each country consumed much more in food/ drink/

tobacco where Turkey dominated the first place with 32.14%,

standing in marked contrast with Sweden (only 15.77%) than in

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion

Give reasons for your answer and include any relevant examples from your own knowledge or experience

Write at least 250 words

GỢI Ý LÀM BÀI:

Đây là dạng bài “argumentation” đòi hỏi thí sinh phải đưa ra suy nghĩ về

cả hai quan điểm và rút ra ý kiến của mình Đối với dạng bài này, chúng ta phải viết thật khách quan, sau đó đi sâu hơn nói rõ về suy nghĩ của mình Thực tế thì đây là dạng bài hơi khó cho các thí sinh

Trang 29

BÀI MẪU:

Whenever people talk about what make successful persons such as

outstanding athletes or musicians, their views will certainly differ from that nature fills a dominant role in determining if one may possibly

become an expert in some field to that it is nurture that exerts direct

effects

It must be admitted that there indeed exist some people born with innate talents which predict the possibility for a would-be winner In other words, without these suitable characters which more or less are beneficial to

master some skills, there is little likelihood to become elites in an area Also, there is growing evidence that those with born talents achieve more than those who do not have, which naturally become a motivator for

further triumph Therefore, an increasing number of parents begin to

observe or even experiment to judge if their children fortunately possess some talents to allow them to excel

However, some people still argue for the belief that with professional and systematic training, each one may have surprisingly brilliant performance

in not only academic but also entertainment field Those who are capable

of making amazing achievement in later days, as a matter of fact, have inherited some talents via genes if researched carefully As a result, if not having enviable talents, sound education system and hard-working can at most quality someone in one field, but never send him/her to the top

In conclusion, my strongly held view is that natural talents are the

prerequisite for anyone who desire to be excellent in some areas like sport and art, but subsequent professional training will unquestionably endow anyone with basic skills

PHÂN TÍCH BÀI MẪU

Bài văn gồm bốn phần:

 Đoạn 1: đưa ra thông tin chung, khái quát

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 Đoạn 2: đưa ra ý kiến rằng những người có tài năng bẩm sinh thì sẽ đạt được thành tựu xuất sắc

 Đoạn 3: đưa ra luận điểm thứ hai rằng những người không có năng khiếu bẩm sinh thì có thể trau dồi thêm nhưng sẽ không thể vượt qua được những người có năng khiếu

triumph (n) thắng lợi, thành công

to be capable of sth có khả năng làm điều gì đó

to desire to do sth khao khát, mong muốn làm điều gì đó

prerequisite (a) tiên quyết, cần phải có trước tiên

subsequent (a) đến sau, theo sau

MẪU CÂU NỔI BẬT:

1 It must be admitted that there indeed exist some people born with

innate talents which predict the possibility for a would-be winner

2 As a result, if not having enviable talents, sound education system and hard-working can at most quality someone in one field, but

never send him/her to the top

3 In conclusion, my strongly held view is that natural talents are the prerequisite for anyone who desire to be excellent in some areas like sport and art, but subsequent professional training will

unquestionably endow anyone with basic skills

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SPEAKING

Part 1

Keeping in contact with people

• How do you usually contact your friends? [Why?]

• Do you prefer to contact different people in different ways? [Why?]

• Do you find it easy to keep in contact with friends and family? [Why/Why not?]

• In your country, did people in the past keep in contact in the same ways

as they do today? [Why/Why not?]

- Câu hỏi 1: How do you usually contact your friends? [Why?]

Bạn thường liên lạc với bạn của mình bằng cách nào? [Tại sao?]

Đây là một câu hỏi khá đơn giản và dễ mở rộng Chúng ta chỉ cần đưa ra phương tiện liên lạc thường được sử dụng nhất, thường là điện thoại, hoặc đơn giản là qua mạng xã hội Sau đó bạn có thể đưa ra lí do bằng cách giải thích tại sao phương tiện này tiện dụng nhất, hoặc giải thích rằng những phương khác không tối ưu bằng

CÂU TRẢ LỜI MẪU 1:

Most of time, I contact my friends by making phone calls to them, and to

me it is the best way for communication I prefer to listen to their voice and tell them something that has happened I also send short messages to them because maybe they are in the middle of a meeting or a class

I usually contact them using my cell phone By using this I can contact them anywhere If they do not answer I can always leave a voicemail and they can get back to me later Sometimes I use instant messenger because

it allows me to see when my friends are available and to talk to many

people at the same time

Từ vựng nổi bật:

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Yes, I think so If my friends are in another city, I prefer to chat with them online, as it saves money When I want to communicate with my parents, I will call them as they don’t chat on the internet Sometimes I write to some

of my friends because we want to be special

Yes, I usually can use e-mail or instant messenger to contact my friends For adults I usually write letters or call on the telephone This is because many older people are unfamiliar with new technology Also at work I would tend to use e-mail more because it allows messages to be saved as well as transfer pertinent data

to be unfamiliar with sth không quen với điều gì đó

- Câu hỏi 3:

Do you find it easy to keep in contact with friends and family? [Why/Why not?]

Bạn có thấy việc giữ liên lạc với bạn bè và gia đình là dễ dàng

không? [Tại sao?]

I find it easy to keep in touch with my friends because there are many

different modes of communication available Also I find it easy to stay in touch with them because we have many similar issues we like to talk about

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and we contact each other more often because of this I do not find it as easy to stay in touch with my family because of the generation gap While

I love them I find less need to call for frequent discussion I usually just contact them once a week

I guess I have no problems keeping in touch with them especially when we conduct the daily conversation I think I am good at communication They can understand what I want to say But sometimes, I have to be careful of what I say when I stay with my parents, and I think we have a generation gap Their ideas to some extent are old-fashioned

keep in touch with giữ liên lạc với ai đó

conduct a conversation thực hiện một đoạn đối thoại, nói chuyện

- Câu hỏi 4: In your country, did people in the past keep in contact in the

same ways as they do today? [Why/Why not?]

Ở quốc gia của bạn, ngày xưa mọi người có giữ liên lạc theo những cách thức giống với bây giờ không? [Tại sao?]

Thông thường thì câu trả lời sẽ là không, lí do là bởi thế giới hiện đại ngày nay đã tạo cơ hội để mọi người liên lạc với nhau dễ dàng hơn Tuy nhiên bên cạnh đó vẫn còn những cách liên lạc vẫn được sử dụng mà chúng ta có thể nêu ra

Well, people contacted each other in different ways in the past They paid

a visit to their friends’ home, but now it is rarely the case People also wrote letters to each other, and it would take a long time for the letters to reach the receivers Several decades ago, people sent telegraphs to each other when there was something urgent These methods are really out of date People prefer emails, online chatting and text-messages better

People have definitely changed the ways they stay in contact While they used to write letters that took days to arrive at their destination, now

Trang 34

people send e-mails which arrive instantly Even phones have changed People used to have land lines in their homes but now this is not necessary because people carry cell phones with them all the time

Describe a party that you enjoyed

You should say:

 whose party it was

 what it was celebrating

 where the party was held

 who went to it

 what people did during the party

 what you enjoyed about this party

You will have to talk about the topic for one to two minutes

You have one minute to think about what you are going to say

You can make some notes to help you if you wish

GỢI Ý CHỮA BÀI:

Thí sinh phải miêu tả được những chi tiết của bữa tiệc: bữa tiệc ở đâu, khi nào, của ai,… và đặc biệt là tại sao bạn lại thấy vui vẻ, tận hưởng trong bữa tiệc đó Ở cuối phần nói, thí sinh có thể trình bày ý nghĩa của bữa tiệc

và sự tác động của nó đối với bản thân mình

BÀI NÓI MẪU 1:

The most memorable party in my Nói về lí do, địa điểm, người tham

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life should be the party that we held

last year It was held in my friend’s

home A lot of my high school

classmates attended the party It was

held to celebrate our reunion after

we went to university Some of my

old classmates organized this party

in order to recall some pleasant

memories that we shared during

years of studying in the high school

dự buổi tiệc đó

There were about twenty people at

the party Since most of us hadn’t

seen each other for nearly half a

year after our graduation from the

high school, we were really excited

to know each other’s status quo We

even bought vegetables and meat to

prepare a profuse dinner for

ourselves Although some of us

didn’t have any cooking experience

at all, all of us gave a hand by

preparing vegetables and washing

dishes We cooked some traditional

dishes, and had a big feast After the

meal, we played cards, sang songs,

and we chatted with each other,

exchanged our wonderful

experiences and so on Later, we

went to KTV to sing songs We

were screaming and laughing, and a

lot of us got drunk

Nêu số người có mặt trong bữa tiệc

và lí do tại sao người nói lại cảm thấy rất vui vẻ và thật sự tận hưởng bữa tiệc

It was really awesome, and we

made a decision to have that kind of

get-together every half a year

Với những trải nghiệm như trên, thí sinh nêu ra kết luận sau khi kết thúc bữa tiệc

BÀI NÓI MẪU 2:

One of the most enjoyable parties I Nêu ra những chi tiết khái quát về

Trang 36

attended was the 90th birthday party

of a neighbour It was quite

amazing! His younger sister aged 87

travelled hundreds of miles to be

there and the guests were aged from

about 1 year old to even older than

90 I am sure that there were over

100 people there, both friends and

family

bữa tiệc: số người tham dự, nhân dịp nào…

The party was held in a hotel

ballroom and everyone soon got to

know the other guests After the

meal, different people stood up to

do something to entertain the others

Some guests sang songs, others told

funny stories and some played

music I played some Scottish dance

music on my fiddle (violin) and

people clapped their hands and

tapped the floor with their feet

Later I played the fiddle again for

people to dance

Thí sinh kể lại những hoạt động đã diễn ra trong bữa tiệc

At the end of the evening, the 90

year old man’s friend from

schooldays — now aged 92 told

stories of what they had both done

when they were little boys at school

and everyone laughed After this the

man’s sons and daughters all stood

up and said how important their

father had been to them and how

much they loved him

At the very end of the evening we

all drank toasts to the health of the

man and all this made him cry

There was one sad note at the end,

when the old man spoke; he wished

that his wife had been there to share

in all this, but she had died 9 years

previously

Nêu ra điều ý nghĩa về bữa tiệc, lí

do khiến thí sinh thật sự thấy tận hưởng và thích thú

Trang 37

status quo (n) hiện trạng, tình trạng hiện tại

In some places people spend a lot of money on parties that celebrate

special family events Is this ever true in your country? Do you think this

is a good trend or a bad trend?

Are there many differences between family parties and parties given by friends? Why do you think this is?

National celebrations

Example questions:

What kinds of national celebration do you have in your country?

Who tends to enjoy national celebrations more: young people or old

people? Why?

Why do you think some people think that national celebrations are a waste

of government money? Would you agree or disagreewith this view? Why?

Trang 38

Câu trả lời mẫu:

The main reasons why people would organize family parties in my country would be to reunite after not seeing each other for a long time The party would provide an opportunity to tell stories and learn what they have all been doing since we last saw each other We also try to provide guidance

to each other and settle any concerns that we might have

In some places people spend a lot of money on parties that celebrate

special family events Is this ever true in your country? Do you think this

is a good trend or a bad trend?

Ở một vài nơi thì người ta chi tiền rất nhiều vào các bữa tiệc ăn mừng những sự kiện đặc biệt của gia đình Điều này có đúng với đất nước của bạn không? Theo bạn thì đây là một xu hướng tốt hay xấu?

Thí sinh nên phân tích xu hướng thật rõ ràng, đưa ra suy nghĩ của bản thân để từ đó nhận định xem tốt hay là xấu Sau đó suy xét xem đất nước của mình có hiện tượng này hay không Hoặc thí sinh có thể làm ngược lại quy trình này

Trang 39

Yes, it is true that we will spend a lot of money to celebrate family events such as a new baby, marriage, a new job, or getting into a good school I believe that though it is necessary to spend money to organize the party and provide food, drinks, etc it is just as important to remember why we are there It is more important to have quality time with family The

interaction happiness of family life is what is important not the money

Câu hỏi 3:

Are there many differences between family parties and parties given by friends? Why do you think this is?

Có nhiều khác biệt giữa tiệc gia đình và tiệc bạn bè không? Tại sao?

Thí sinh nên đưa ra từng lí do một, sau đó mở rộng cho từng lí do (nếu có thể)

There are many differences between my friend’s parties and that of my family My family parties tend to be more formal and focus on the event that we are celebrating My parties with my friends tend to be more casual and the main objective is to have fun I think that while I have fun in both cases they are different types of fun

casual (a) bình thường, không trang trọng

to focus on sth tập trung vào điều gì đó, chú trọng vào điều gì đó objective (n) mục đích, mục tiêu

NATIONAL CELEBRATIONS:

Câu hỏi 1:

What kinds of national celebration do you have in your country?

Ở đất nước bạn có những ngày lễ quốc gia nào?

Thí sinh hãy nêu ra những ngày lễ mà quốc gia mình có, sau đó có thể mở rộng nói về lí do ăn mừng, tại sao lại có ngày lễ đó, mọi người thường làm

gì vào những ngày này

Trang 40

We have several main national holidays in our country The first and most important is the Spring Festival This is to celebrate the end of the Chinese lunar year Another is the Dragon Boat festival This festival celebrates a famous Chinese poet named Qu Yuan Still another is Mid Autumn day During this holiday we eat a traditional dish known as moon cake

I think that older people tend to enjoy national celebrations more than the younger generation Older people tend to value traditional holidays

because they feel more connected to them The younger people like

western holidays such as Valentine’s Day because they like the romantic aspects that are not present in national holidays Also because of an

interest in different cultures they like to celebrate holidays that are not part

of the Chinese calendar

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