EN QCVN 41 2016 BGTVT

QCVN 41 : 2016BGTVT is composed by Directorate for Roads of Vietnam, verified by Ministry of Science and Technology and issued by Minister of Transport by Circular No.062016TTBGTVT dated 08 April, 2016.

QCVN 41: 2016/BGTVT

NATIONAL TECHNICAL REGULATION ON TRAFFIC SIGNS AND SIGNALS

HANOI - 2016

- QCVN 41 : 2016/BGTVT is composed by Directorate for Roads of Vietnam, verified byMinistry of Science and Technology and issued by Minister of Transport by CircularNo.06/2016/TT-BGTVT dated 08 April, 2016

CHAPTER I – GENERAL PROVISIONS 7

CHAPTER II - TRAFFIC CONTROL ORDERS 12

CHAPTER III - TRAFFIC SIGNS 16

CHAPTER IV - PROHIBITORY SIGNS 20

CHAPTER V - WARNING SIGNS 23

CHAPTER VI - REGULATORY SIGNS 26

CHAPTER VII - GUIDE SIGNS 27

CHAPTER VIII - ADDITIONAL PANELS AND LETTERED SIGNS 30

CHAPTER IX - ROAD MARKINGS 32

CHAPTER XI - KILOMETER AND H POSTS 36

CHAPTER XII - RIGHT OF WAY MARKERS 37

CHAPTER XIII - SIGNALING OF TRAFFIC PROHIBITION 38

CHAPTER XIV - CONVEX SAFETY MIRROR AND STEEL CORRUGATED GUARDRAIL 40

CHAPTER XV - PROVISIONS ON MANAGEMENT 41

CHAPTER XVI - ORGANIZATION OF IMPLEMENTATION 42

APPENDIX A - TRAFFIC LIGHTS 43

APPENDIX B - MEANINGS – USE OF PROHIBITORY SIGNS 48

APPENDIX C - MEANINGS – USE OF WARNING SIGNS 71

APPENDIX D - MEANINGS – USE OF REGULATORY SIGNS 96

APPENDIX E - MEANINGS – USE OF WARNING SIGNS 103

APPENDIX F - MEANINGS – USE OF ADDITIONAL PANELS 138

APPENDIX H - LINE MARKINGS ON ROADS WITH SPEED ≤60KM/H 181

APPENDIX I - KILOMETER POSTS – H POSTS – ROW MARKERS 193

APPENDIX K - LETTER AND NUMBER FONT SIZE ON SIGNS 197

APPENDIX L - TRAFFIC SIGNS ON ASIAN HIGHWAYS 201

PART 1: GENERAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Scope of regulation

This document provides regulations on the system of traffic signalization including: orders bytraffic controllers, traffic signals, road/traffic signs, road/pavement markings, road/guard posts,protecting wall and fence, kilometer posts, H posts, right of way (RoW) markers, convex mirrorand separator and guardrail

This regulation is applicable to all roadways in Vietnam roadway network including:expressway, national highway, provincial road, district road, communal road, urban road, serviceroad, and other kinds of ways in the system participating in international treaties of whichVietnam is a member – herein after referred to as Asian highways (GMS-CBTA; agreements inASEAN and other international agreements)

Article 2 Objects of regulation

This regulations is applied to road users in Vietnamese road network and relevant entities,organizations and individual involved in management, construction investment, protection,maintenance, operation and utilization of roadway transport infrastructure facilities

Article 3 Interpretation of terminology

The following words and expressions are interpreted with meanings as assigned to them in thiscontext:

3.1 Expressway (Express) refers to the road for use of motorized vehicles and some other

special vehicles allowed to enter as regulated by Law on Road Traffic, with separator to dividetwo distinctive carriageways and vehicles are not permitted to drive on this separator; no at-grade intersection with one or more ways; to be fully equipped with facilities to promote smoothtraffic and safety, with the aim at shortening travel time and entrance and exit are only arranged

at certain points;

3.2 National highway (NH) is the way linking Hanoi Capital with provincial level

administration center; way linking provincial administration center for three localities or more;linking international seaports, international airports to international border gates and main bordergates on land-way; to be based at location of special importance to regional socio-economicdevelopment;

3.3 Provincial road (PR) refers to the way connecting provincial administration center with the

counterpart of district or neighboring provinces; to be of significance to provincial economic development;

socio-3.3 District road (DR) is the route joining district administration center with that of commune,

commune cluster or adjacent district; having crucial role in socio-economic development of thesaid district;

3.5 Communal road (CR) means the route for junction of communal administration center with

hamlets, villages, mountain villages, or equivalences or connecting with neighboring communes;

it is important to communal socio-economic growth;

3.6 Urban road (UR) is the way located in the scope of inner city administrative borders.

3.7 Roads through populated areas refers to the section in inner city, township, town let, and

sections with residence by two sides, having activities which might have impact on roadway

traffic safety and is determined by signs for roads through populated areas (when necessary, todetermine direction for each road).

3.8 Service road (SR) indicates those used for special purposes such as transportation or

travelling of some organizations, agencies, individuals

3.9 Roadway or land road includes roads, roadway bridges, tunnels, ferries.

3.10 Road for motorized vehicles use only means any route or drive way or lane for motorized

vehicles traffic in isolation from carriageway for non-motorized vehicles and pedestrian byseparator or longitudinal solid markings and guided by sign or marking;

3.11 Road for some kinds of vehicles means the route, driveway or lane used specially for some

or more kinds of vehicles in traffic in isolation from driveway for other vehicles and to beguided by traffic signs or marking

3.12 Road for non-motorized vehicles and pedestrian use only is the way or part of way of lane

which is distinguished from road for motorized vehicles by separator strips or longitudinal solidmarkings;

3.13 Major road is the way on which means of transport are given with way by other vehicles

from other directions when passing intersections, to be provided with sign for major road

3.14 Major lane is the lane on which means of transport are given with priority over others

giving way in traffic at the same time

3.15 Minor roads refers to those of at-grade intersection with major road.

3.16 One-way road pertains to those on which vehicles can only travel in one direction.

3.17 Two-way road implies to roads for shared use by both directions on the same carriagewaywithout separators

3.18 Dual carriageway indicates those with both directions, arrival and departure, are isolated

by separators (if divided by road marking, it is not dual carriageway)

3.19 Carriageway/drive way means the part of road used for traffic travelling;

3.20 Road section for motorized vehicles means the part of roadway to be used for motorized

vehicles and dedicated motorcycles in traffic

3.21 Road section for motorized vehicles means the part of roadway to be used for

non-motorized vehicles in traffic

3.22 Traffic lane is a part of carriageway, to be split on longitudinal basis, with width enough

for safe vehicular traffic One carriageway may have one or more lanes;

3.23 Strip/separator is a component of road that no vehicle is allowed to drive thereon and to

divide the carriageway into two distinctive directions or to divide the carriageway for motorizedfrom non-motorized vehicles, or drive way for various types of vehicles on the same trafficdirection

3.24 Intersections are any places where two or more roadways are in junction or roadway

intersects with railway on the same plane, except for junctions with alley, by-street, back-street,

or entrance to adjacent land lots unless being stated as intersections by relevant authorities

3.25 Motorized vehicles term insinuates to categories of car; tractors, trailers or semi-trailers

powered by automobiles, two-wheeled motorcycles; three-wheeled motorcycles; motor-assistedpedal cycles (including electric motorbike) and whatsoever to be designed likewise to carrygoods and passenger on roadway Motorized vehicles include trolley (a kind of electric bus notrunning on railway)

3.26 Self-weight of vehicle refers to the weight of vehicles itself, measured in kilogram (kg) or

ton (t) in static status and to be stated with parameters required in the technical safety andenvironmental protection inspection certificate for roadway motorized vehicles excluding weight

of passenger and commodities on vehicles

3.27 Gross weight of vehicle (total load) is self-weight of vehicles plus weight of passengers

and commodities it is carrying (if any)

3.28 Allowable gross vehicle weight is gross of vehicle plus allowable carrying loading stated in

the technical safety and environmental protection inspection certificate for roadway motorizedvehicles

3.29 Axle load means the part of gross weight to be allocated on each vehicle axle (single,

double and triple axle)

3.30 Motorcar (in short car) refers to vehicles determined in the technical safety and

environmental protection inspection certificate for roadway vehicles, a kind of passenger car of

no more than 9 seats including driver, or cargo car with carrying capacity of no more than1.5000kg Motorcar also includes vehicles with similar structure to three wheeled motorbikes butits self-weight is more than 400kg or above and capacity of less than 1,5000kg;

3.31 Pickup truck has cab enclosed with the vehicle body, with carrying load as permitted in thetechnical safety and environmental protection inspection certificate for roadway motorizedvehicles less than 1,500kg and from 5 seats or less

3.32 Truck (or called lorry) means vehicles for transporting cargo or dedicated equipment with

truck tonnage as indicated in the technical safety and environmental protection inspectioncertificate for roadway motorized vehicles of 1500kg ton or more;

3.233 Passenger car refers to car as defined in the technical safety and environmental protection

inspection certificate for roadway motorized vehicles for passenger transport with more than 9seats

3.34 Bus is a kind of passenger car with setts less than footholds

3.5 Semi-trailer tractor truck is used to point motorize vehicles used exclusively for cargo or

passenger transport of which vehicle body is semi-trailer designed to connect with tractor and totransmit a considerable part of loading onto the tractor and the tractor truck has no componentfor cargo or passenger carrying (tractor is designed to power semi-trailer);

3.36 Trailer tractor truck indicates vehicle designed for special purpose to pull trailer.

3.37 Trailer is a means with structure so that total weight of trailer is not put on the tractor 3.38 Tractor is a kind of traction engineer self-moving on its chain or rubber tire to perform

works of digging, excavation, lifting, bulldozing, leveling, pulling and pushing;

3.39 Motorcycle (or motorbike) is motorized vehicles of two or three wheels and whatsoever

powered with motor with cylinder capacity of 50cm3 or more, self-weight no more than 400kg

for two wheeled motorcycle or allowable carrying capacity as stated in the technical safety andenvironmental protection inspection certificate for roadway motorized vehicles of 350kg to500kg for three wheeled motorcycle This concept shall not cover motor-assisted pedal cyclespecified in section 3.40 herein under.

3.40 Motor-assisted pedal cycle refers to vehicle driven by motor, of two or three wheels and

maximum design velocity of no more than 50km/h If driving is thermos-motor, workingcapacity or equivalent capacity shall not be more than 50cm3

3.341 Non-motorized vehicles includes bicycle (including electric bike and motor-assisted bike),

tri-cycle, cycle rickshaw, cart, wheelchair for the disable and whatever of the like nature using

no engineer for driving;

3.42 Bicycle is two or three wheeled vehicle which is moved by human power, including special

vehicle for the disable with similar functions;

3.43 Carrier cycle is arranged for carrying goods on a frame or binding on two sides;

3.344 Human powered vehicle (HPV) refers to non-motorized vehicles of one or more wheels to

be driven by human force pulling or pushing, excluding baby buggy and dedicated vehicle forthe invalids;

3.45 Cart means non-motorized vehicles powered by animals.

3.46 Road users (traffic participants) refer to any one controlling and using means of transport

in roadway, animal controllers or guides; walkers;

3.47 Priority vehicles designates vehicles being given with priority according Law on Road

Traffic;

3.48 Right of way (RoW) markers is used to show any marker to be erected at edges of

pavement to clarify boundaries of land for roadway on horizontal direction;

3.49 Overhead gantry pertains to any framework as hanger for signs over the road surface 3.50.

Cantilever post is a kind of structure to install signs or traffic lights on a roadside post with its

arm like an outrigger Cantilever post when necessary is used for road with section for motorizedvehicles in one direction from 2 lanes or more; place with high vehicular speed; many buses andtrucks; in limited sight places or those with high traffic volume

3.51 Dangerous or hazardous goods means any item containing dangerous substances when

moving on roads, and there is likelihood to harm personal life, health, the environment, safetyand national security;

3.52 Operation velocity means the speed that the driver operates his/her vehicle.

3.53 Design speed refers to the speed selected to design basic elements of the road in hard

conditions

3.54 Accumulative velocity rate 85% (V85) means the operation velocity that 85% drivers

operate at this speed or more slowly

3.55 Maximum speed limit refers to the maximal speed on a road section, route, or lane as

defined by competent authorities The driver would in no case operate vehicle at higher speed

3.56 Minimum speed limit implies the minimal speed on a road section, route, or lane as defined

by competent authorities The driver would in no case operate vehicle at a more slower speedwhen it is preferable for higher speed

3.57 Sight distance refers to the distance measured along the road surface from the head of a

running vehicle to one object ahead

3.58 Stopping Sight Distance (SSD) is the distance measured along the road surface from the

head of a running vehicle that is able to stop with safety before a static object suddenly appear

on the same lane ahead

3.59 Passing Sight Distance (PSD) is the distance measured along the road surface from the

head of a vehicle so that a running vehicle on two-direction, two-lane way is able to pass otherone driven more slowly in the same direction by overtaking the land of opposite direction andreturn to the previous lane in a safe manner

3.60 Passing maneuvers on the right is one traffic situation in which one means of transport

overtakes the other one to the right of the overtaken on the same direction in roads with only onemotorized vehicles land for each direction Vehicles are not allowed for passing maneuversexcept for some special cases defined in the Law on Road Traffic

3.61 Vehicle driving fasters on lanes refers to a traffic situation that vehicles on lanes of the

same direction of roads with more than two lanes each direction may drive faster than the others

as long as they conform to regulations on speed and type of vehicle When changing into otherlane, follow road traffic regulations

3.62 Giving way to other vehicle is a traffic situation where a vehicles giving way by

discontinuing its movement so that other vehicles will not have to turn to other direction or stopsuddenly

3.63 Grade-separate interchange means the intersection of roadways with a combination of

various flyovers or underpasses and ramps where vehicles may divert to roads of different levels

3.64 Ramp refers to a road to connect directions in the interchange.

3.65 Exit is place where vehicles diverge from the traffic flow of the main traffic.

3.66 Entrance is the place where vehicles merge into the traffic flow of the main road.

PART 2: TECHNICAL REGULATIONS CHAPTER I – ENFORCEABILITY PRIORITY OF SIGNALING SYSTEM AND

PRIORITY OF ROADS

Article 4 Enforceability priority of signaling system

4.1 When forms of signaling are arranged at the same time in the same area, with confusingmeanings, road users shall follow orders in the following sequence of priority:

4.1.1 Orders by traffic controllers;

4.1.2 Traffic light signals;

4.1.4 Orders by traffic signs;

4.1.4 Pavement markings or other signs on the road surface

4.2 When at the same location where a traffic sign is available but then other sign is temporarilyinstalled nearby, and two signs have different meanings, road users must comply with orders bythe temporary signs Temporary signs are situational to organize traffic in short term such as inevent, traffic incident or road construction or repair

Article 5 Order of major roads

5.1 Regulation on priority of major road is as below:

5.2 If two roads of the same order, at-grade intersection; major road is defined as below:

5.2.1 To be defined by competent authorities as major road;

5.2.2 Whichever has higher technical grade is regarded as major road;

5.2.3 When traffic volume is different, whichever has larger average traffic volume per daynight is prioritized

5.2.4 When traffic volume per day night is identical, whichever has more public transport cars ismain road;

5.2.5 Whichever has greater grade of pavement will be prioritized

5.3s It is invalid to specify both ways of at-grade intersection to be major roads

CHAPTER II TRAFFIC CONTROL ORDERS Article 6 Methods of traffic control

6.1 Means of traffic control:

6.2.2 By automatic traffic light system

Article 7 Traffic controllers’ orders

7.1 Orders made by traffic controllers are shown by hands, flags or traffic baton or traffic lights

In order to attract attention by road users, traffic controllers, in addition to above means, mayalso whistle;

7.2 Orders by highway police:

7.2.1.Raising arm upright to command all road users in directions to stop;

7.2.2.Extending one or both hands to signal road users from his front and behind side to stop;beckoning users from the controller’s left and right approaching in every directions; folding leftarm behind his nape many times to signal road users on his left to go faster, or folding his rightarm before his chest to show road users on his right side to come faster; or his left or right hand

is on belt position, raising hand up and down to order road users from his left or right,respectively to slow down; left of right hand of traffic controller raising vertically inperpendicular with the ground to show that users from his left or right hand to stop;

7.2.3.Right arm extending to the front to signal road users from the behind and right of controller

to stop; users form the front is permitted to turn right; road users from the left of controller may

go in any direction; pedestrian crossing behind controllers may go; and his left arm extending tothe front repeatedly in parallel with right arm to signal road users on the left of controller to turnleft in front of the traffic controller

7.3 Regulations on use of whistle for traffic control by police:

7.3.1 One long, strong whistle: stop

7.3.2 One short whistle: Go

7.3.3 One long and one short whistle: turn left;

7.3.4 Two short and strong whistles: Danger, please slow down;

7.3.5 Three short and quick whistles: Faster;

7.3.6 Continuous several whistles, strong: Stop for checking or signaling of violation.

7.4 Regulations on use of light in stop command by highway police as below: To use light withred surface to turn to the approaching vehicle

7.5 Provided that there is signal or order to stop while vehicles already passes the markinf 7.1

“Stop line” and stopping will lead to unsafe traffic, vehicle may go ahead; Pedestrian still onpedestrian crossing must accelerate or stop at safety islands, if island are unavailable, stop at themarking dividing two streams of traffic on reverse direction;

7.6 Controller points his traffic baton to any direction, such direction must stop

Article 8 Authorities of traffic controllers

All and any driver and walkers must strictly comply with orders by traffic controllers no matterhow his orders are in contrary with traffic light, traffic signs or markings

Article 9 Traffic controllers

Traffic controllers must be police wearing uniform as required by Ministry of Public Security orauthorized person wearing red badge of 10cm width at the middle of his right arm

Article 10 Traffic control with traffic light

10.1 Traffic light for traffic control is commonly used with 3 colors: green, yellow (amber) andred, mainly in round shape, to be installed vertically or horizontally;

10.1.1 Order of light colors vertically: red on top, yellow in the middle and green underneath;10.1.2 Order of light colors horizontally: red on the left, yellow in the middle and green on theright of traffic direction

10.2 In addition to three main types aforementioned, additional lights may be provided uponscope of intersections and traffic organization: Arrangement of additional lights is applied inwide intersections and places with many large sized buses and trucks in traffic hiding thevisibility

10.2.1 Additional lights have arrows or symbols as appropriate to these regulations; to bemounted on horizontal plane with green signal; Symbols on additional lights may the image of acertain vehicle or pedestrian

10.2.2 For traffic light without additional lights, in each signal of main light, we may insertarrow If arrow of this kind indicates turn-left permission, U-turn movement is also allowableunless Sign P.124 (a, b) “No U-turn” is placed;

10.2.3 Traffic light attached with count down timer is useful for showing valid duration of themain light; color of number on the timer must be the same with signal of main light in effect.10.2.4 Traffic light with red-cross symbol signaling to stop In case vehicle is insideinterchange, it shall get out of that quickly

10.3 Meanings of traffic light:

10.3.1 Green signal: Go

10.3.2 Yellow signal: Transition of signal When it luminesces, drivers must stop before “Stopline” If there is no marking of “Stop line”, stop before the traffic light by driving direction

Should vehicle and pedestrian go over the “Stop line”, and stopping may result in danger, keep

on passing interchanges quickly;

10.3.3 Flickering yellow lights: Going is permissive but be cautious in observation and givingway to pedestrian crossing or other vehicles as stated in Law on Road Traffic

10.3.4 Red signal: Stop before the stop line If there is no stop line, stop before the traffic light

by driving direction

10.4 Implications by arrow additional lights:

10.4.1 If lights are provided with additional lights of green arrow shape, vehicles are permittedgoing only when the arrow gives a light Signal of arrow permits left-turn also U-turn movementunless u-turn prohibition is indicated;

10.4.2 If additional light has image of any vehicle in green color, that vehicle may go

10.4.3 When green arrow turns on at the same time with red or yellow light, vehicle controllersfollow the arrow but giving way to vehicles from other directions;

10.4.3 When red arrows turns on at the same time with main green signal, vehicles shall notfollow the arrow direction At places where such red arrows are provided, establish a turningwaiting lane for vehicles running on prohibited direction

10.5 Traffic control with two-colored lights

10.5.1 Traffic control for pedestrian is made by two-colored lights: When signal turns to redwith symbol of person in standing position or word “Stop”; When signal turns to green withsymbol of person in walking or word “Go”;

Pedestrian are allowed to go over the road when the signal displays green and walk within therows of studs fixed on the pavement or line marking Flickering green lights signals that light isabout to turn to red; at this time pedestrian should not start passing

10.5.2 Lights with two colors of green and red without flickering is used to control traffic atintersections with railway, ferry, drawbridges, runway for airplane at negligible elevations, and

so on Green light: To go Red light: To stop Green and red lights shall not turn onsimultaneously;

10.5.3 Double red lights with alternate flickering function at intersection with railway, when itturns to red, every vehicle must stop and go only when the light switches itself off Besideflickering red lights, to call attention, electric bell or voice speaker may be equipped to remind oftrain approaching

10.6 So as to control traffic for each type of vehicle, on specific lane, it is possible to applydouble light to be hung on the carriageway, green light with arrow pointing downward, and redlight with two crosses Signals have meanings as below:

10.6.1 Green signal allows going on the lane denoted;

10.6.2 Red signal: To stop following point 10.3.4, section 10.3 this Article on lane with redlight

Article 11 Priority vehicles and Signal of Priority vehicles

11.1 The following vehicles are prioritized to go over other vehicles at intersections from anydirection in the following sequence:

11.1.1 Fire engines on duty;

11.1.2 Military vehicles and police on emergency duty; road-clearance highway police;

11.1.3 Ambulance on duty of emergency;

11.1.4 Dyke protection car, vehicles performing the tasks of overcoming consequences ofnatural disasters, epidemic or emergency state vehicles as required by laws.;

11.1.5 Convoy of hearse;

11.2 Vehicles defined in points from 11.1.1 to 11.1.4 of section 11.1 herein above, when on

duty, showing signal such as horn, flag, light as required is not speed limited; allowed to enterreverse direction way, other accessible ways, even when the traffic light turns red and onlyfollow guidance from traffic controllers

11.3 Signals of fire engines on duty:

11.3.1.The fire engines are furnished with rotary lamps on their roofs emitting red or blue lightand with horns to blow priority signals

11.4 Signals of military vehicles on emergency duty;

11.4.1 Cars are with equipped with rotating lights or flash lights in green or red color attached

on the roof, military flag at the front end on the left of drivers; horn to signal priority;

11.4.2 Motorbikes are furnished with revolving lights or flash lights in red to be attached onshaft, in the front or rear, military flag on the front and horn to signal priority;

11.5 Signals of police on emergency duty:

11.5.1 Cars are mounted with rotary lamps on roofs emitting blue-red lights, with policepennants at the heads of cars to the left of the drivers and with horns to blow priority signals;11.5.2 Motorbikes are furnished with blue or red light-emitting lamps on front or rear forks,with police pennants at the heads of the vehicles and with horns to blow priority signals

11.6 Signals of road-clearance highway police:

11.6.1 Cars are mounted with rotary lamps on roofs emitting blue-red lights, with policepennants at the heads of cars to the left of the drivers and with horns to blow priority signals;11.6.2 Motorbikes are furnished with blue or red light-emitting lamps on front or rear forks,with police pennants at the heads of the vehicles and with horns to blow priority signals;

11.7 Signals of ambulances on duty:

The ambulances are furnished with rotary lamps on roofs emitting red light and with horns toblow priority signals

11.8 Signals of dyke protection car or cars on duty in emergency following legal provisions:11.8.1 Vehicles performing the task of dyke protection carry the signboard "XE HO DE" (dykeprotection vehicle) at the heads of cars to the left of the drivers;

11.8.2 Vehicles performing the tasks of overcoming consequences of natural disasters, epidemic

or emergency state vehicles:

a) Vehicles performing the tasks of overcoming consequences of natural disasters, epidemicshall bear separate signboards;

b) Emergency state vehicles as required by laws are furnished with flag “EMERGENCY” at theheads of cars to the left of the drivers

11.9 Using priority vehicles' signals

11.9.1 The priority vehicles may use priority signals only when they are on urgent missions anddevices emitting priority signals must be provided with use permit by competent authorities11.9.2 Land road traffic means other than the priority vehicles are strictly forbidden to install oruse priority vehicles’ horns, pennants, lamps and/or signboards, while priority vehicles mustinstall horns, pennants, and lights prescribed in Article 11.3, 11.4, 11.5, 11.6 and 11.7 of hereinabove

11.8 When priority vehicles signal, road users must as soon as possible slowdown, detour orstop close to the right roadside to give a way Never obstruct prioritized vehicles

Article 12 Enforceability of traffic lights

At intersections where both traffic lights, pavement marking and traffic roads are set up at thesame place, driver shall follow traffic lights firstly In case traffic lights are not used for control

of each lane, signals of traffic lights are regarded as enforceable for the whole carriageway bythe approaching direction In case of turn-off or flickering, they follow traffic signs and marking

in validity sequence

Article 13 Traffic light mounting position and height

13.1 Surface of lights must be in perpendicular with driving direction, to the right of road users

by going direction;

13.2 By road horizontal direction: Lights must be positioned at the roadside or separator and to

be 0.5-2m far from the carriageway edges;

13.3 Vertically:

13.3.1 When arranging lights vertically on roadside posts: Height from the lowest light surface

to carriageway edges ranges from 2m to 3m for three-color-light and from 2m to 2.5m for color light of pedestrian crossover

two-13.3.2 When lights are place horizontally, minimum elevation must be 5.2m from the lowestpoint of light to the road or sidewalk surface;

13.3.3 Lights must be arranged so that it become visible with road user from distance enough toslowdown and stop

13.3.4 Lights must be installed on cantilever posts at far distance, preferably in the middle ofjunctions in wide intersections or when arranging additional lights with arrow for left-turningdirection For the approaching side (coming closer), arrange “double” light right before the stopline

13.3.5 In populated areas, urban areas with narrow streets, lights might be arranged on the body

of vertical posts installed on roadside to the right of way as stated in point 13.3.1, Article 13.3before the stop line

13.4 Dimension (size) and luminance of light bulb must be designed as appropriate tooperational conditions, especially they must be visible given that road users drive in oppositewith the sunlight

Article 14 Dimensions, shape and other regulations on traffic lights

Dimensions, shape and other regulations are stated herein under in Appendix A

CHAPTER III TRAFFIC SIGNS Article 15 Classification of traffic signs

Road traffic signs in the context of this Regulations are generally classified into 5 groups:Prohibitory signs; regulatory signs; danger and warning signs; guide signs; additional panels andlettering signs;

Traffic signs on expressway and Asian highways must be in accordance with regulations stated

in international treaties that Vietnam is a member;

15.1 Prohibitory or Restrictive Signs: to set up prohibitions or restrictions that road users must

not violate Prohibitory signs are typically round in shape, with red border, white background,with image or letter, number in black color to express the prohibition, except for some specialcases

15.2 Regulatory signs include those indicating regulations or commands to comply Road users

must comply with regulations on the signs Apart from some special signs, most signs are inround shape on blue background with white image typically for regulation to inform the roadusers

15.3 (Danger) Warning Signs: to warn road users to foresee of danger on roads and to be

prepared for timely prevention These signs are equilateral triangle with red border, yellowbackground with black image describing the thing to be signaled

15.4 Guide Signs: to provide road users with necessary instruction or useful information,

typically in rectangular or square or arrow shape on blue background

15.5 Additional panels or lettering signs are used to provide supplementary description to mainsigns or used solely

Article 16 Dimensions of traffic signs

16.1 This regulation specifies parameters on sign dimensions, images inside and lettering forurban roads with factor 1 (Refer to Figure 1 and Table 1);

16.2 For other roads, sign dimensions, images and lettering must be multiplied bycorresponding factor in Table 2, dimensions are rounded on the following principle:

- Unit digit ≤ 5, rounded to 5;

- Unit digit > 5, take value of 0 and increase tens digit by 1 unit;

Figure 1 – Dimensions of main signs Table 1 – Basic dimensions for sign of factor 1

Triangular signs Length of triangular side, LWidth of red border, B 705

Distance from peak of circle segment to peak ofbasic triangular, c

3

Table 2 – Factors of sign dimensions

y Dualway Suburb highwayNormal

(*)

Urban road(***)

Prohibitory, regulatory, danger and

warning signs

Notes

(*): Normal highway means highway rather than expressway, dual way and urban road

(**): Factors of sign dimensions in Table 2 above is not applied to expressway Expressway hasits own regulations in Chapter 9 of this Regulation

(***): For signs installed on overhead gantry, cantilever posts of dual way in urban area, usefactor of dimension as stated for suburb dual way

16.3 Details of letters, sign dimensions, image in the signs are stated in Appendix K, M and P ofthis Regulation For guide signs, depending on actuality, we may increase dimension to confirmthe clearness of information and good looking appearance

16.4 For rural roads, upon scope and operational condition, we may apply dimension factor of1.25, 1.00 or 0.75.

16.5 Dimensions of removable signs, temporary signs in short term and signs used in specialcases (in narrow separator, on alley, by-street ) may be adjusted with factor of 0.5 or 0.75 (to berounded as required)

16.6 For Asian highways, lettered signs dimension may be adjusted to make room for lettering

as regulated by this Regulation

Article 17 Letters and colors of signs

17.1 Letters on signed must be conformable to regulations on letter font in Appendix K of this

Regulations, of which:

17.1.1 Using standard font “gt1 – Compressed style” and “gt2 – normal style” for lettering

17.1.2 Capital letters are in compressed or normal style to indicate instructions for direction,

proper nouns, or highlighted information catching attention of the road users It is advisable touse compressed letters only when it is necessary to limit sign dimensions

17.1.3 Normal letters are used to express English geographic names, information of services

and on additional panels

17.1.4 On the same line, use one type of writing

17.1.5 Letters on signs must be diacritic Vietnamese language Spacing between letters rangesfrom 25% to 40% letter high, and spacing between any letters on the same line ranges from 75%

to 100% of letter high The spacing by vertical direction between lines must be at least 50%-75%

of the largest letter high of the rear line Distance between the top and bottom line from the signedge is at least 40% the high of the highest letter in the line Horizontal spacing between letters

on the top and bottom corners to the sign edge for capital letter and normal letter is 60% and100%, respectively

17.1.6 Spacing between letter indicating measurement unit (t, m, km) and the preceding number

is 50% of the letter high stating the measurement unit

17.1.7 Letter high must be selected based on vehicular speed so that road users can read clearly

in both day time and night time Minimum letter high on guide signs is 100mm for normal roadand urban road; 150mm for suburb dual way and 300m for expressway Letters for geographicnames and way direction has minimum high of 150mm It is preferable to use big letter sizegiven that harmony and aesthetic element for signs are confirmed

11.7.8 Select the shortest and most easily understandable lettering; information on signs must beconsistent with others

11.7.9 Only use colors for lettering as below: White color on black blue or red background,black color on white, yellow background, or yellow letters on blue background

11.7.10 Letters on guide signs on expressway, in addition to above regulations in section 17.1,Article 17, must follow Clause 49.3, Article 49 of this Regulation

17.2 Color on signs

Color on signs must conform to technical regulations on color and consistent in groups of signsused on roadway network

Article 18 Variable Message Signs (VMS)

18.1 Variable Message Signs (VMS) refers to a kind of electronic sign showing variablemessages on the same sign Sign is used when information displayed on the sign needs changing

by traffic situations Depending on its intended use, messages on signs may be for instruction,prohibition, regulation or danger and warning This sign is not used for advertisement, nor usinganimation, flash or movement images

Where traffic sign with statistic information is at the same place with VMS, while these twosigns are different, road users must follow regulation by the VMS

18.2 Information display on VMS

18.2.1 Information on VMS may be letter, image or symbol showing meaning of signal

18.2.2 When information is display in letters, do not arrange more than three lines, each line has

no more than 20 characters Spacing between characters and letters ranges from 25% - 40% ofletter high Spacing between words in the same line is from 75% to 100% letter high Spacingbetween lines ranges from 50% to 75% letter high Information must be in diacritic Vietnamese.Letter high is at least 450mm for road with speed limit of 70km/h or more and 300mm for roadwith speed limit of less than 70 km/h

18.2.3 Ratio of letter width and high is 0.7 to 1.0; for compressed letter style, this ratio may bereduced to the lowest 0.2

18.2.4 Brightness of VMS must satisfy technical requirements and be visible in both day andnight time Letters must be lighted on black or darker background

18.2.5 Color used on signs must be suitable to typical color of prohibitory, regulatory, warningand guide signs Red color letter indicates prohibition, yellow for warning information, white forregulatory information and blue one is for guidance while orange color indicates temporarysignals, florescent pink color refers to traffic control by actual condition, and florescent yellow-green color for pedestrian and cyclist

18.2.6 Each information is not more than two sentences Each sentence is not more than 3 lines

on signs Its meaning is clear, understandable and not confusing

18.2.7 Contents on signs must be displayed at once, do not use effect: flash, dim, or gradualclearer, horizontal and longitudinal sliding, animation

Article 19 Enforceability of signs by horizontal direction

19.1 Danger warning and guide signs are enforceable on all lanes of the same direction;

19.2 Prohibition and regulatory signs may enforce either upon all lanes or just one or some lanes

of the same direction If enforceability of prohibitory and regulatory signs is limited on one orsome lanes, it is imperative to hang signs on overhead gantry or cantilever post

Article 20 Mounting on vertical and horizontal position

20.1 Traffic signs must be mounted so as to make it easily visible to road users and they haveenough time to be in anticipation or change of speed or direction but signs shall in no wayobstruct vision or travelling of road users;

In case it is impossible to determine visible distance, or where signs is hidden, we may take thesight, as long as the road users can see traffic signs, of 150m for ways of high speed and severallanes, 100m for roads out of populated areas and 50m for roads in populated areas.

20.2 Signs must be mounted vertically on the right hand side (unless it is possible to do so) andsign surface is perpendicular with direction of travel In necessary cases when the carriageway iswide, it is essential to install signs on the left of the approaching direction to repeat the rightcounterpart Position of the duplicated signs is the same with the right one

Lettered signs are applied exclusively for non-motorized vehicles and pedestrian, in restrictedcases, sign surface may be installed in parallel with direction of travel

20.3 Distance from the sign external edge by road horizontal direction is from the edge ofcarriageway of 0.5m minimum and 1.7m maximum In difficult cases such as no roadside, nofootpath, or hidden sight or any similar case may be, it is possible to displace signs horizontallybut sign edges to the carriageway side shall not cover over the carriageway edge or to be farfrom carriageway of no more than 3.5m;

20.4 In populated areas or on sections which with sidewalk higher than the carriageway, it ispermissible to install signs on the sidewalk but sign edge must be 0.5m from sidewalk edge andsign surface shall not be in projection over the sidewalk and occupy more than width of thesidewalk Unless satisfying this principle, signs shall be mounted overhead the carriageway;20.5 On sections with areas for non-motorized vehicles separately, distinguished by separator,allow to place sign on the separator but external edge of signs must be 0.5m from edge of theseparator or island

20.6 On carriageway that each direction has two lanes or more, signs are mounted on overheadgantry of cantilever post In case it is impossible to do so, we may install additional signs on theleft of driving direction

Article 21 Overhead gantry and cantilever post

21.1 Overhead gantry and cantilever post is a steel structure bearing its own weight, weight ofsigns and wind, storm level 12;

21.2 Standing post of overhead gantry and cantilever post is installed on the roadside, sidewalk,

to be at least 0.5m far away from the road surface external border including places withemergency lanes, acceleration and deceleration lane Once standing post of the overhead gantry

is in the scope of separators, it must be situated at 0.5m far from the external edges of theseparator;

21.3 When mounting signs on the overhead gantry, the lower side of signs (or lower edge ofbeam if it is lower than lower side) is at least 5.2m from the pavement for expressway and 5.0mfor other ways (Refer to Figure 2)

Article 19 Sign mounting height

19.1 Signs are steadily mounted on its own post as regulated in Article 21 However, in urban,residential areas, signs are permitted to be installed on electric poles or permanent works as long

as it satisfies technical specifications in terms of location, height, visibility distance statedherein;

19.2 In case of hanging signs on post: Mounting height from lower edge of sign to thecarriageway edge is 18m for roads out of populated areas and 2m for roads in populated areas.Sign 507 “Turn Direction” is situated at 1m to 1.5m Lettered signs used exclusively for non-motorized vehicles and pedestrian are placed at 1.8m higher than roadside or sidewalk surface;19.3 Should signs be suspended overhead the carriageway, lower sign of signs must 5m to 5.5mhigher than carriageway center;

19.4 If it is necessary to install many signs at the same place, such signs may be placed on thesame post but no more than 3 pieces in priority: prohibitory signs (1), warning sign (2),regulatory sign (3), guide sign (4) as in the below figure:

Figure 4 – Combination chart of signs on the same post

19.5 Distance between sign edges is 5cm, elevation from the center of sign part withcarriageway edge is 1.8m for roads out of populated areas and 2m for roads and streets inpopulated areas

Article 20 Reflection on sign surface

All land road traffic signs must be covered by reflective film in accordance with TCVN7887:2008 Reflective Film for traffic signs to be visible in both day time and night time

Article 21 Regulations on sign posts

21.1 Sign posts have to be made of solid material (steel or other materials of equivalentdurability) with minimum dimension of 8cm;

21.2 Sign posts must be painted with alternate, parallel or 30odiagonal red and white stripescompared to ground plane Width of each painting stripe is 25cm÷ 30cm, white and red partwidth is identical

CHAPTER IV PROHIBITORY SIGNS Article 22 Intended use of prohibitory signs

Prohibitory signs give effect to prohibitions Road users must conform to such prohibitionshown by signs.

Article 23 Implications by prohibitory signs

23.1 Prohibitory signs include 40 types to be numbered from 101 to 140 with implication asbelow:

- Sign 101: No traffic;

- Sign 102: No entry;

- Sign 103 (a): No automobiles;

- Sign 103 (b, c): No automobiles turning left and right;

- Sign 104: No motorcycles;

- Sign 105: No automobiles and motorcycles;

- Sign 106 (a, b): No trucks;

- Sign 106 (c): No truck carrying dangerous goods (Sign C, 3h- GMS);

- Sign 107: No passenger cars and trucks;

- Sign 108: No automobiles, trailer or semi-trailer tractors;

- Sign 109: No tractors;

- Sign 110 (a): No bicycles;

- Sign 110 (b): No carrier cycles;

- Sign 111 (a): No motor-assisted pedal cycles;

- Sign 111 (b) or (c): No motorized three-wheeled vehicles (auto-rickshaw or electric cyclerickshaw);

- Sign 111 (d): No non-motorized three-wheeled vehicles (cycle rickshaw);

- Sign 112: No pedestrians;

- Sign 113: No human powered vehicles’

- Sign 114: No cart

- Sign 115: Weight limit

- Sign 116: Axle weight limit (single axle);

- Sign 117: Height limit;

- Sign 118: Width limit;

- Sign 119: Length limit;

- Sign 120: Length limit for trailer or semi-trailer tractors;

- Sign 121: Safety distance;

- Sign 122: Stop;

- Sign 123 (a, b): No turn (left, right):

- Sign 124 (a): No U-turn;

- Sign 124 (b): No car U-turn;

- Sign 125: No overtaking;

- Sign 126: No truck overtaking;

- Sign 127: Speed limit;

- Sign 128: No horn;

- Sign 129: Stop for control;

- Sign 130: No stopping and parking;

- Sign 131 (a, b c): No parking;

- Sign 132: Give way to motorized vehicles in opposite direction over narrow roads;

- Sign 133: End of no overtaking;

- Sign 134: End of speed limit;

- Sign 135: End of all prohibitions;

- Sign 136: No straight ahead;

- Sign 137: No left turn and right turn;

- Sign 138: No straight ahead and no left turn;

- Sign 139: No straight ahead and no right turn;

- Sign 140: No “cong nong” (a kind of tractor for farm use)

23.2 Uses of each sign is detailed in Appendix B

Article 24 Prohibitory signs with time limit

When it is necessary to prohibit traffic on time limit basis, additional panel Sign 508 should beinstalled under the prohibitory sign with notes in Vietnamese and English inscription (ifforeigners to be in traffic in that area or highways of international treaties)

Article 25 Prohibitory signs for several vehicles

To prohibit traffic for several means of transport, we may combine inserting symbols ofprohibited vehicles on the same sign as below:

25.1 Motorized vehicles are combined on the same sign (for example Sign 105 and Sign 107);25.2 Non-motorized vehicles are combined on the same sign (Sign 113 may be combined withSign 114);

25.3 To make it easy to see and to make room for arranging images, on each sign only combine

no more than two vehicles;

25.4 Do not combine in one sign for restricting both non-motorized vehicles and motorized onesexcept for complex traffic when it is necessary to forbid one type of non-motorized vehicle andone type of motorized vehicle (for instance, to prohibit cycle rickshaw and lorry, we maycombine Sign 111 and Sign 106);

25.5 Do not mix prohibition of pedestrians and vehicles on the same sign

Article 26 Dimensions, shape and color scheme of prohibitory signs

Signs are typically round in shape apart for Sign 122 “Stop” to be in octagonal shape; colorscheme is white background, except for Sign 102 and Sign 122 is on red background, Sign 130,Sign 131 is on blue background Signs are enclosed by a red border of 10cm width(corresponding signs of dimension factor 1) Particularly Sign 133, Sign 134 and Sign 135 hasblue border of 2cm width and Sign 122, refer to Appendix B for more details Signs havediagonal crosses of 45o, in 5cm wide red color (corresponding signs of dimension factor 1) cut incenter from the upper left to the lower right side (excluding Sign 129 is a horizontal line) Exceptfor certain signs to be detailed in Appendix B, in general signs have black images overlappingred crosses

Dimensions, shape and color of signs are specified in Appendix B and Article 15

Article 27 Location of placing prohibitory signs by direction of travel and enforceability of signs

27.1 Prohibitory signs are placed at intersections or put in advance on a certain place onprohibited way;

Signs become enforceable from the location of placement towards If due to some reasons, signsmust be placed far from the prohibitory place, establish Sign 502 to clarify distance (stated onadditional panel) from the rear of the prohibitory sign to the point that sign starts to beenforceable

27.2 When necessary to indicate effect direction of signs and starting and ending of sign, set upSign 503 “Effect direction of signs”;

27.3 There is no need to specify scope of effect/enforceability of signs for those ranging fromSign 101 to Sign 120, no sign for prohibition ending

27.4 As attachment to prohibitory signs mentioned in section 27.3, set up directional guide signsfor prohibited vehicles (except for the case road is restricted because of traffic jam withoutramp) as stated in Chapter VIII for guide signs;

27.5 Sign 121 and Sign 128 have effect till the end of the prohibited distance stated on Sign 501

or placement location of Sign 135 “End of all prohibitions”;

Sign 123 and Sign 129 are enforceable at their place;

Sign 124 is given with effect at intersections or based on Sign 503;

Signs 125, 126, 127, 130, 131 (a, b, c) are valid to reach intersections or places set up with end

of prohibition signs (Sign 133, 134, 135), Sign 130 and 131 (a, b, c) follows Sign 503

27.6 If prohibition is applied for a very long road section, at intersections in prohibited areawhere vehicles may enter, prohibitory signs must be repeated.

CHAPTER V WARNING SIGNS Article 28 Uses of warning signs

Warning signs target to giving precaution of dangerous situations which are likely to occur.They are used to inform in advance road users, mainly motorized vehicles drivers, of hazardahead for prevention When facing warning signs, drivers have to slow down to necessaryvelocity, paying attention to observation and to be ready for handling any possible case toprevent accident

Article 29 Meanings of warning signs

29.1 There are 47 types of warning signs to be numbered from 201 to 247 as below:

- Sign 201 (a, b): Dangerous bend;

- Sign 202 (a, b): Double bend;

- Sign 203 (a, b, c): Narrow carriageway;

- Sign 204: Two-way traffic;

- Sign 205 (a, b, c, d, e): Intersections;

- Sign 206: Traffic circle/Roundabout;

- Sign 207 (a, b, c, d, e, f, g, h, i, k): Intersection with minor roads;

- Sign 208: Intersection with major roads;

- Sign 209: Traffic lights;

- Sign 210: Railway crossing with barrier;

- Sign 211 (a): Railway crossing without barrier;

- Sign 211 (b): Tram crossing;

- Sign 212: Narrow bridge;

- Sign 213: Temporary bridge;

- Sign 214: Drawbridge;

- Sign 215: Riverside road;

- Sign 216: Underground way;

- Sign 217: Ferry;

- Sign 218: Underpass;

- Sign 219: Descending hill;

- Sign 220: Ascending hill;

- Sign 221 (a): Bumpy road;

- Sign 221 (b): Uneven road;

- Sign 222 (a): Slippery road;

- Sign 222 (b): Dangerous roadside;

- Sign 223 (a, b): Dangerous mountain side;

- Sign 224: Pedestrian crossing;

- Sign 225: Children crossing ahead;

- Sign 226: Cyclist crossing;

- Sign 227: Roadworks

- Sign 228 (a, b): Falling rocks;

- Sign 228 (c): Loose chippings;

- Sign 229: Airplane runway;

- Sign 230: Cattle;

- Sign 231: Wild animal crossing;

- Sign 232: Cross wind;

- Sign 233: Danger;

- Sign 234: Intersection with two-way traffic;

- Sign 235: Start of dual carriageway;

- Sign 236:End of dual carriageway;

- Sign 237: Hump bridge road;

- Sign 238: Expressway ahead;

- Sign 239: Overhead electric cable;

- Sign 240: Tunnel;

- Sign 241: Traffic queue;

- Sign 242 (a, b): Railway perpendicular crossing;

- Sign 243: Railway non-perpendicular crossing;

- Sign 244: Hazard of accident;

- Sign 245 (a, b): Slow (a), Slow by international treaties (b);

- Sign 246 (a, b, c): Obstacle ahead;

- Sign 247: Parking ahead

29.2 See Appendix C for further details of these signs uses.

Article 30 Dimensions, shape and color of warning signs

30.1 Warning signs usually take the shape of an equilateral triangle, with its apexes to be turnedround; having one horizontal side and its opposite apex is upward, except for Sign 208

“Intersection with major roads” where opposite apex is downward;

30.2 Dimensions of signs are in proportion with designed speed; background is light yellowenclosed in a read border of 5cm width (sign of dimension factor 1), excluding Sign 247 havingdimension of 0.6 times larger than factor 1 signs; images inside signs are usually black unlessotherwise specified;

Specific dimensions of images and color schemes are stated in details in Appendix C and Article15

Article 31 Placement of warning sign and effectiveness of signs

Warning signs are generally placed in advance at a distance from its danger location, dependingupon average speed of vehicles within the scope of 10km at its installation place; distance isprovided herein under:

Table 4 – Distance from installation place to danger location

Average speed of vehicles within 10km from

31.2 Distance from sign to danger location must be consistent on the whole section with thesame average speed In special case where it is necessary, signs may be sited nearer or furtherbut Sign 502 “Distance to signaled object” must be added;

Sign 208 “Intersection with major roads”: In populated areas, to place it directly before theintersections with major roads; out of populated areas: depending on nearness or farness tointersection with major roads to add Sign 502

31.3 Each kind of signs indicates one potential hazard at a particular location or short or longsection In case placing Sign 202 (a, b, c), 219, 220, 221a, 225, 228, 231, 232, whiledangerousness happens on a long distance, Sign 505 “Scope of effect” should be supplemented

to point out length of dangerous road section If the length of the same hazard is more than500m, signs must be reproduced on each interval of 500m in association with Sign 501 to clarifylength of the next dangerous section;

31.4 In scope of speed limited sections:

31.4.1 For dangerous bend where maximum speed of less than 25km/h, there is no need toinstall dangerous bend sign (Sign 201 a, b and Sign 202 a, b, c);

31.4.2 In situations of bad road, uneven or slippery road, with speed limit from 10km/h to15km/h, it is not mandatory to set signs for uneven and slippery road (Sign 221 a, b and Sign222a, b);

31.5 On streets where vehicles must run slowly, and there are continuousjunctions/intersections, it is unneedful to install Sign 205 (a, b, c, d, e) “Intersection”.

CHAPTER VI REGULATORY SIGNS Article 32 Use of regulatory signs

Regulatory signs are traffic signs intended to instruct road users what they must or should do (ornot do) under a given set of circumstances When in traffic, all vehicles and road users mustcomply with signs

Article 33 Implications by regulatory signs

33.1 Regulatory signs are categorized in 10 types to be numbered from 301 to 310 withimplications as below:

- Sign 301 (a, b, c, d, e, f, h, i): Direction to follow;

- Sign 302 (a, b): Detour direction to avoid obstacle;

- Sign 303: Intersection by roundabout;

- Sign 304: Non-motorized vehicles only;

- Sign 305: Pedestrians only;

- Sign 306: Minimum speed limit;

- Sign 307: End of minimum speed limit;

- Sign 308 (a, b): Straight ahead or turn left (right) on flyover;

- Sign 309: Sound horn;

- Sign 310 (a, b, c): Direction for truck carrying dangerous goods”

33.2 Please refer to Appendix D for details of each sign type

Article 34 Dimensions, shape and color of regulatory signs

34.1 Regulatory signs are in round shape, dimensions are in proportion with designed speed, onblue background, legend, images, number are in white color Sign 307 has red diagonal strokes

of 9cm width (sign of dimension factor 1), to be lined from upper right to lower left side Thesediagonal strokes combine with a horizontal line of 30o angle and overlap lettering Sign 310 isrectangular on white background;

34.2 See Appendix D and Article 15 for detailed dimensions and images on signs

Article 35 Location of regulatory signs erection by direction of travel and effects of signs

35.1 Regulatory signs must be directly erected near the place of regulation, if it is hard to do soleading to farther place, attach Sign 502;

35.2 Regulatory signs become effective from its place of erection For Sign 301a, if it is laidafter junction, its effectiveness begins from the placement to the next junction In no case signs

prohibit turning left or right into personal house or alleys on the same road where signs haveenforceability.

CHAPTER VII GUIDE SIGNS Article 36 Usage of guide signs

36.1 Guide signs are used to indicate direction or necessary information to assist road users incontrolling vehicles, for smooth and safe traffic control;

36.2 For road users who are not familiar with the way, guide signs are indispensable

Article 37 Implications by guide signs

37.1 There are 47 types of guide signs to be numbered from 401 to 447 as below:

- Sign 401: Start of major road;

- Sign 402: End of major road;

- Sign 403 (a, b): Motor vehicles only;

- Sign 404 (a, b): End of motor vehicles way;

- Sign 405 (a, b, c): Dead end;

- Sign 406: Prioritized over narrow roads;

- Sign 407 (a, b, c): One-way roads;

- Sign 408: Parking zone;

- Sign 409: U-turn;

- Sign 410: U-turn zone;

- Sign 411: Direction on each lane on multiple lane way divided by line marking;

- Sign 412 (a, b, c, d): “Lanes for specific vehicles”;

- Sign 413 (a): Road with passenger car lane;

- Sign 413 (b, c): Turn to road with passenger car lane;

- Sign 414 (a, b, c, d): Direction pointing;

- Sign 415: Directional arrows;

- Sign 416: Detour;

- Sign 417 (a, b, c): Direction to follow by each kind of vehicles;

- Sign 418: Carriageway for no-turning places;

- Sign 419: Boundaries instruction;

- Sign 420: Start of populated areas;

- Sign 421: End of populated areas;

- Sign 422: Historical monuments;

- Sign 423 (a, b): Pedestrian crossing;

- Sign 424 (a, b): Pedestrian overhead bridge;

- Sign 424 (c, d): Pedestrian underpass;

- Sign 425: Hospital;

- Sign 426: First aid;

- Sign 427 (a): Repair workshop;

- Sign 427 (b): Weigh station;

- Sign 434 (a): Bus stop;

- Sign 434 (b): Truck depot;

- Sign 435: Tram station

- Sign 436: Highway police station;

- Sign 437: Expressway;

- Sign 438: End of expressway;

- Sign 439: Name of bridge;

- Sign 440: Under construction

- Sign 441 (a, b, c): Ahead works;

- Sign 442: Market;

- Sign 443: Trailer tractor;

- Sign 444: Location guide sign;

- Sign 445: Description of road status;

- Sign 446: Handicapped parking;

- Sign 447: Interchange flyover

37.2 Refer to Appendix E for detailed explanation of each type

Article 38 Legend for lettering on guide signs

Guide signs with word messages placed in cities, townships or national highways on whichforeigners are frequently in traffic must be added with English inscription under Vietnameselettering but English words font size must be smaller as ½ Vietnamese version

Article 39 Dimensions, shape and color of guide signs

39.1 Guide signs take square, rectangular or rectangular shape with one chamfered side;

39.2 Signs are on blue background with white images and letters If the background is white,images and lettering is in black excluding some guide signs otherwise stated in Appendix E;39.3 Specific dimensions, lettering, number and color of guide signs are designated in Appendix

E and Article 15

Article 40 Installation location by direction of travel

Depending on features, each type of sign is placed as below:

40.1 Sign 401, 402, 403, 404 and 420, 421 must be situated right on the beginning point andending point of major roads, carriageway for automobiles and of populated areas;

40.2 Sign 407 (a, b, c), 411, 412 (a, b, c, d), 413 (a, b, c) and 418 shall be located at theintersections:

Sign 407a, 412 (a, b, c, d), 413a are placed behind the intersections;

Sign 407 (b, c), 413 (b, c) are sited in front of the intersections;

Sign 418 is erected before sign prohibiting turning and to be at least 30m far from theintersection indicated by signs;

40.3 Sign 405 (a, b, c), 414 (a, b, c, d), 416, 417 (a, b) for the purpose of instruction formotorized vehicles, shall be provided with warning signs at place to be far 20m to 50m inadvance Should no warning sign is arranged, guide signs must be situated at a distance fromdesignated intersections as stated in Article 31.1;

40.4 Sign 406, 408, 409, 410, 417c and Signs ranging from 422 to 436 are placed right beforeand close to guided section, if they are erected farther, Sign 502 will associate with them

Article 41 Regulations on directional guide signs

41.1 At all roadway intersections, directional guide signs must be put (Sign 414 a, b, c, d) Inresidential areas, it is allowable to put signs on main directions connecting such residential areaswith historical place-names, urban, residential, tourism areas, and industrial parks in the vicinity.41.2 Sign 414 (a, b) is used in case there is only one place-name of residential area to be guided.Sign 414 (c, d) is employed when there are two residential areas or more to be guided

41.3 On each direction, there should be no more than three place-names to be guided Fartherplace is stated below, and in-turn, places stated on the signs must be maintained on the nextguide signs until reaching the nearest place on the sign;

41.1 Place-names and distance on signs are regulated as follows:

41.4.1 Place-names to be guided must be those by which the route passes Selection of names to guide shall obey the following priorities and this principle is applied on every road

place-system kinds (Expressway, national highway, provincial road, communal road, district road andurban road) excluding service road:

- Name of municipalities;

- Name of provincial cities;

- Name of provincial chief town (administrative center of province level);

Notes: No name of province unless it is the same with chief town

- Name of towns;

- Name of district level towns (district level administrative center);

Notes: No name of district unless it is the same with district level town;

- Name of commune level towns;

- Historical monuments or tourist attraction;

- Name of important junctions (three or four legs), name of starting and ending point ofroute

41.4.2 On service road, only state place-names at intersections, starting or ending point of road.41.4.3 Distance stated on signs is the spacing from sign location to center of guided place-nameand it is rounded as even number to kilometers Spacing of each sub-section must be suitable tototal distance and consistent in both carriageway directions;

CHAPTER VIII ADDITIONAL PANELS AND LETTERED SIGNS Article 42 Additional panels

42.1 Effect of additional panels:

Additional panels (or the so-called supplementary signboards) are attachment to main trafficroads: warning signs, prohibitory signs, regulatory signs and guide signs to give additionaldescription for more understandable, apart for Sign 507 “Turning direction” which should beused independently;

42.2 Meanings of additional panels:

42.2.1 Additional panels consist of 9 types with number from 501 to 509 with implications asbelow:

- Sign 501: Scope of effectiveness;

- Sign 502: Distance to signaled target;

- Sign 503 (a, b, c, d, e, f): Effect direction;

- Sign 504: Lane;

- Sign 505a: Kind of vehicle;

- Sign 505b: Vehicles restricted passing bridge;

- Sign 505c: Axle weight limit passing bridge;

- Sign 506 (a, b): Direction of major road;

- Sign 507: Turning direction;

- Sign 508 (a, b): Time indication;

- Sign 509 (a, b): Statement to main sign

42.2.2 Use of each type is explained in details in Appendix F

42.3 Dimensions, shape and color of additional panels:

42.3.1 Additional panels are in rectangular or square shape;

42.3.2 Signs are on white background, with black images and lettering Sign 509 is on bluebackground with black words Sign 507 and 508 (a, b) have special features referred inAppendix G;

42.3.3 Detailed dimensions of images, lettering, numbers and color of signs are stated inAppendix G and Article 15 (dimensions of additional panels must be adequate with main signs).42.4 Place of additional panels:

Additional panels are placed right under the main sign except for Sign 507 is used independentlyand placed at the back of the bend in opposite with going direction or at the middle of safetyislands of intersection

Article 43 Lettered signs

43.1 Lettered signs are applicable to pedestrians and non-motorized vehicles whenever it isimpossible to apply signs specified in Chapter IV, VI and VII;

43.2 Rectangular signs Guide signs have white lettering on blue background whereasprohibitory or regulatory signs have white lettering on red background;

43.3 Wording on signs, depending on contents of instruction or regulation, should be as short aspossible Signs used for prohibition will begin with “NO”

Article 44 Shape, dimensions, images on additional panels and lettered signs

Shape, dimensions, images of signs are defined in Appendix G and Article 15 Shape of letteredsigns are rectangular with minimum width of 20cm

Article 45 Writing and number on additional panels and lettered signs

45.1 All of writing and numbers on signs and kilometer post are used for consistency in twotypes: normal line and thin line lettering as in Appendix K;

45.2 Font of normal line lettering for short and median lettering;

45.3 Font of thin line lettering is used for long lettering;

45.4 Use one font only for the same stroke;

45.5 Size and stroke in Appendix K is for lettering and number height of 20cm If the height oflettering and number is less or more, other dimensions and width of letter line increase ordecrease accordingly;

45.6 Height of lettering of lettered signs is at least 10cm (corresponding with dimension factor1)

CHAPTER IX ROAD MARKINGS Article 46 Significance and usefulness of road/pavement markings

46.1 Road markings (line markings/pavement markings) refer to a kind of traffic signaling tool

to guide and to control traffic, improving safety and smooth traffic;

46.2 Road markings may be used solely or accompany with traffic signs or traffic lights;

46.3 Road markings includes lines, word messages on the carriageway surface, on curb,transport works and some other components of pavement to stipulate traffic order, clarifyinglimit of transport works, to indicate direction of carriageway

Article 47 Classification of road markings

47.1 Road markings are classified into two types: Horizontal markings (including markings onroadway surface: longitudinal marking, transverse markings and other similar lines) and verticalmarkings;

47.2 Horizontal markings that are used to indicate carriageway are in white color excludingsome markings of yellow color as designated in Appendix G and Appendix H;

47.3 Vertical markings are painted on curb of sidewalk of transport works and some othercomponents of the pavement These markings are alternate black and white stripes

Article 48 Implications and technical specifications of line markings

Implications and technical specifications for road markings are provided in Appendix G andAppendix H

Article 49 Effect of road markings

When road markings are used independently, every road users must obey to its implications.Once road markings are used in association with traffic lights, traffic signs, road users mustabide by order stated in Article 3 herein above

CHAPTER X GUARD POSTS, GUARD FENCE AND BARRIER Article 50 Use of road posts or protecting

Guard posts or guard fence should be installed on the roadside on dangerous roads, giving effect

to instruct road users of scope of safe carriageway and direction

Article 51 Shape and dimensions of guard posts

Guard posts have square cross section, 15cm side; height from pavement shoulder to post peak is70cm; on curved sections, we may install guard posts with variable height, increasing step bystep from 40cm at Sc (spiral to circular curve) and St (spiral curve to tangent) to 70cm atbisector On-ground part of post is white painted, section of 10cm at the top is coated withreflective red paint

Article 52 Cases to install guard posts

It is necessary to erect guard posts in the following circumstances:

52.1.1 The outside of curve from Sc to St;

52.1.1 Bridge approaches In case bridge width is narrower than embankment width, guard postsclose to two approaches must link into a barrier or guard fence Spacing between two guardposts in this connection is 3m;

52.1.3 Two ends of culverts where culvert length is less than pavement width Guard posts mustaffiliate into a steady barrier or guard fence, interval between these two posts ranges from 2m to3m;

52.1.4 Narrow embankment sections;

52.1.5 Embankment of 2m or more;

52.1.6 Sections by side of river, stream, pond, lake…;

52.1.7 Roads intersecting at-grade with railway;

52.1.8 Along two sides of frequently or seasonally flooded sections or two sides of tunnel;52.1.9 Sections going by sand-bank, swamps, grass hill that it is difficult to distinguishcarriageway from bilateral strip of land

Article 53 Technique for guard post installation

53.1 For roads which have been newly constructed or improved, guard posts are sited close topavement shoulder and at least 0.5m distant from carriageway edges;

53.2 For existing roads and those with narrow roadside, install guard posts as close as possible

to shoulder;

53.3 If rows of trees are available on the roadside or shoulder, guard posts may be located close

to trees as long as posts are visible, never encroach road center to narrow scope of road use;53.4 At places where it is obligatory to install guard post but walled enclosure or concretebarricade of over 0.40m exist, there is no need for guard posts;

53.5 Roadside inside the rows of guard posts must be even and sound, causing no hazard tovehicles coming close to rows of guard posts and no obstacle hiding guard posts;

53.6 For road in service, if embankment and slope fail to ensure principle in item 53.2 herein, it

is permissible, as a temporary option, to erect guard posts encroaching roadside to safe scope.53.7 Guard posts have to be in a straight alignment and bending little by little at curves;

53.7.1 Spacing between two guard posts (S) on straight line is S=10m;

53.7.2 Spacing between two guard posts on curves:

a) If curve has radius R=10m ÷ 30m, spacing is S=3m;

b) If curve radius is R: 30m<R≤100m, spacing is S= 4 ÷ 6m;

c) If curve radius is R>100m, spacing is S= 8 ÷ 10m;

d) Spacing of two guard posts at Sc and St may be 3m wider than that in curves

53.7.3 Spacing between two guard posts on slope (vertical curve)

a) If slope ≥3%, spacing is 5m;

b) If slope <3%, spacing is 10m;

(Non-applicable to bridge approaches and culvert ends)

53.7.4 Each row of guard posts have at least 6 pieces

Article 54 Trees row as substitute for guard posts

On straight road section, if tree rows meet the following conditions, they may be used assubstitute for guard posts:

54.1 Spacing between two trees is around 10m and identical (diameter of 0.15 or more), instraight alignment;

54.2 Row of trees are planted on pavement shoulder or on roadside;

54.3 Tree body is painted with white lime at the height of 1.5m from pavement shoulderdownwards

Article 55 Guard fence

55.1 It is possible to construct guard fence in replacement of guard posts Guard fence asalternative for guard posts must follow regulations from Article 52 and Article 53 as if it wereguard post;

55.2 Guard fence thickness must be at least 0.2 ÷ 0.3m, 0.5 ÷ 0.6m higher than pavementshoulder, length of each fence section is 2m Spacing between two fences in both straight andcurve section is 2m

Article 56 Permanent Barrier

54.1 Permanent barrier is placed wherever the pavement is narrow, at bridge approaches, ends

of culverts or ends of prohibited roads, dead end, no vehicle section;

54.2 Components of barrier (post, rail) shall be painted in accordance with implications andtechnical specifications provided in Article 48 of this Regulation and coated with reflectivepaint;

56.3 In the event barrier is hot dip zinc coated material, painting is not required but delineatormust be attached on the horizontal rail on the top of post

Article 57 Portable barrier

57.1 Portable barrier refers to any kind of portable fencing on demand for closing or opening;

57.2 Portable barrier is installed at places where it is essential to control traffic;

57.3 Height of portable barrier is 0.85m, stretching on the whole prohibited areas;

57.4 Components of barrier (post, rail) shall be painted in accordance with implications andtechnical specifications provided in Article 48 of this Regulation and coated with reflectivepaint;

Article 58 Separators/Strips

Separators are utilized to divide road surface into two directions, approaching and descendingdirections for vehicles, or to isolate borders between lanes for motorized and non-motorizedvehicles on the same direction

58.1 There are two types of separators:

58.1.1 Raised median strip;

58.1.2 Removable strip;

58.2 Raised median strip: Masonry stone, masonry brick, concrete or steel poles, with horizontallinking of corrugated steel or curb surrounding, the inside is filled with soil for planting (forwide road) Raise median strip is fixed with height of 0.3m ÷ 0.8m, maximum of 1.27m if there

is demand for light barrier, width depends on width of road to design as appropriate Medianstrip is over-coated with white lime, or alternate diagonal red-white stripes of 30o angle againsthorizontal plane Stripes are 25cm to 30cm wide On ends or sides of strips, people may attachreflective plates at interval of 20m ÷ 25m/1 plate);

Currently in sections prohibiting pedestrians and personal two-wheeled vehicles, steel fence of1.8m ÷2m height may be installed as addition to raised median strip

58.3 Removable strip: to be made of concrete posts (blocks), composite plastic, filled with sand

or water inside, height from 0.3m ÷ 0.8m to be arranged seamlessly or with steel pipe Φ 40 ÷50passing through to create handrail system on the road surface to divide lanes or direction or toseparate lanes for motorized and non-motorized vehicles This type of separator may be removedupon use demand

Article 59 Conditions for raised median and removable strip

59.1 Raised median strip is placed when the roads have 4 lanes or more to divide lanes into twoopposite directions;

59.2 Removable strip is used for roadway of 2 or 3 lanes where it is necessary for temporarilyseparate two directions or two lanes;

CHAPTER XI KILOMETER AND H POSTS Article 60 Use of kilometer posts

Kilometer posts intend to prescribe stations/chainage accommodating needs of road managementand instructions to road users of distances on the way

Article 61 Shape, color and dimensions of kilometer posts

Shape, color and dimensions and lettering on kilometer posts are given in Appendix I.

Article 62 Location of kilometer posts by transverse direction

62.1 Kilometer posts are placed to the right side of direction of travel from the starting point(zero point) to the ending point of section Should the landform be disadvantageous, kilometerposts may be sited on the right side

62.2 Location of kilometer posts by crossing direction follows the same regulation as for guardposts stated in Article 53.1 and 53.1 If road passing by populated areas where sidewalk is higherthan carriageway, kilometer posts are on the sidewalk to be 0.75m distant from carriagewayborders (to the post center);

62.3 On roads of 4 vehicular lanes or more with median strip width ranging from 1m to 2m, it ispossible to place kilometer posts by the median strip, kilometer posts bottom is 90cm higher thansurface of carriageway

Article 63 Location of kilometer posts by longitudinal direction

63.1 Kilometer posts by longitudinal direction must be in even interval of 1000m of road center,starting from starting point named as “Km0”;

63.2 Position of starting point, Km0 and local adjustment to alignment of any road are underdecision by competent authorities having power over that system of road

63.3 On newly constructed roads, the Owner steers the Contractor based on project documentsand actual results of survey and measurements to identify stations to put kilometer posts incompliance with this Regulation, taking over the works to the O&M agencies;

63.4 Upon changes to starting point of roads and local adjustment to alignment as decided bycompetent authorities mentioned above in Article 63.2, system of kilometer posts are modifiedaccordingly Road management agencies shall in no case alter by their own choice location ofkilometer posts

Article 64 Place-names and distance stated on kilometer posts

64.1 Geographical names instructed on kilometer posts obey Appendix K of this Regulation: 64.2 Distance attached to geographical names is the length from kilometer posts to the center ofthe said names, rounded to even number to Km

Article 65 Scope of application of kilometer posts

Kilometer posts are merely applicable to system of national highways, provincial roads, districtroads, and service roads, excluding urban and communal roads

Article 66 H post (100m post)

66.1 H posts are used on national highways, it refers to posts for each 100m, to be drivenbetween two adjacent kilometer posts On each 100m from preceding kilometer post to itssucceeding one, to stake one H post On the length of 1k, there are 9 H posts namely H1, H2 toH9 Technique of staking of H posts are the same as for RoW markers;

66.2 Dimensions, shape and color, refer to Appendix I

CHAPTER XII RIGHT OF WAY MARKERS Article 67 Uses of RoW markers

RoW markers indicate a kind of traffic signal used to determine width limit of land for roadway(including roadway land and road safety corridor) according to Law on Road traffic;

Article 68 Composition of markers

68.1 RoW markers are concrete casted, containing no reinforcement, dimensions are 20x20x100(cm) Head of each markers have chamfered sides of 10o, underground part is 50cm long, withseal concrete inserted to the marker base as designed;

68.2 Front side (facing roads) bears the writing of “MỐC LỘ GIỚI” (ROW MARKERS),graved letter with black lines of 6cm height, 1m width, deep inside concrete for 3 ÷ 5mm;

68.3 Markers are white painted The upper part of 10cm (from the top downward) is redpainted;

68.4 See Appendix I for further details

Article 69 Regulations on RoW marker staking

69.1 For roads passing by populated areas, towns, and villages: one marker on each side atinterval of 100m;

69.2 Roads by fields, low hills, out of populated areas, depending on specific topographicalconditions, interval of markers may vary from 500m to 1000m;

69.3 On high mountainous areas, to drive markers at some positions typically so that it is usefulfor road safety corridor management

Article 70 Other provisions

70.1 Road authorities are responsible for staking RoW markers and handing over the same tocommunal People’s Committees for management as required For new construction projects, theowner shall direct the Contractor to provide sufficient RoW markers, documentation, afterfinishing the works, as-built documents including documents for RoW markers to clarify roadsafety corridor are delivered to road authorities and communal PCs for management;

70.2 RoW markers on roads must be presented on layout with scale of 1/10,000

CHAPTER XIII SIGNALING OF TRAFFIC PROHIBITION Article 71 Classification of traffic prohibition

There are three kinds of traffic prohibition signaling:

71.1 Prohibition of each type of vehicle;

71.2 Prohibition of each traffic direction;

71.3 Prohibition of traffic for all, for which reasons of prohibition is categorized:

71.3.1 No traffic because of traffic jam;

71.3.2 No traffic due to other special reasons

Article 72 Prohibition of each type of vehicle

72.1 If it is needed to prohibit traffic of one or more certain types of vehicles, place prohibitorysigns specified from B.3 to B.20 at Appendix B (from Sign 103 to Sign 120, excluding Sin 112for pedestrians);

72.2 Place of prohibitory signs is stated in Article 27;

72.3 Guide signs shall associate with prohibitory signs

Article 73 Prohibition of each direction

73.1 If vehicles are banned to go in reverse direction, set up Sign 102 “No entry” according toregulation in B.2, Appendix B, and for permissive direction, place Sign 407 (a) “One-way road”

as in E.7, Appendix E;

73.2 Location of prohibitory signs is stated in Article 27;

73.3 Directional guide sign must be added to prohibitory signs

Article 74 Prohibition of traffic for all

74.1 No traffic due to incidents on road and bridges:

74.1.1 On sections where vehicles and pedestrian are unable to travel owning to incidents, set

up barrier and Sign 101 “No traffic” as given in item B.1, Appendix B

74.1.2 Barrier must be located at position with detour, traffic channelization In association withbarrier and Sign 101, place directional guide signs for vehicles (Sign 416, 417 a, b, c stated inE.16 and E.17, Appendix E);

74.1.3 If on the way from channelization position to traffic jam point, there is no other way thanpermitting traffic, no barrier is placed but:

a) On main road, at 100m before channelization position, to set directional guide signs forvehicles (Sign 416, 417 a, b, c);

b) 30m after directional guide sign, install guide sign “Dead end” (Sign 405c) as given in E.5,Appendix E;

c) On stuck direction, after channelization position, repeat guide sign “Dead end” (Sign 405c) atspacing of 300m to 500m;

d) Reaching traffic jam location where it is impossible for vehicle to go, place barrier and Sign

101 “No traffic” as defined in B.1, Appendix B;

74.1.4 If the road is blocked without direction of channelization, vehicles must wait for a timethen continue travelling, place barrier and Sign 101 “No traffic” as defined in B.1, Appendix B;74.1.5 To select location of barrier for no entry providing that vehicles may u-turn or to be nearresidential areas to make room for vehicles to wait Also, to show bulletin to inform of trafficsituation and date, time when vehicles may keep on going by

74.2 Traffic prohibition for other reasons:

74.2.1 Once for special reasons, it is needful to restrict traffic in long time, place barrier andSign 101 “No traffic” as defined in B.1, Appendix B;

74.2.2 If traffic prohibition is only temporary for a short time, in addition to barrier and sign of

no traffic, arrange staff to be on duty for traffic control during prohibition duration

Article 75 Organization of traffic control station

75.1 In case traffic prohibition is sudden or traffic channelization is difficult due to trafficcomplicated conditions, in addition to signaling system as stated in Article 71 to Article 74,traffic control station should be organized

75.2 Traffic control station must have person on full time duty to control traffic;

75.2 Barrier, signage, lights, flag for traffic control are fully equipped for the station;

75.4 If it is necessary to set up traffic control station owning to damaged roads and bridges, roadauthorities will undertake;

75.5 If traffic control system is established due to construction or repair of roads and bridge orother works affecting traffic, contractors must pay to road authorities to organize station;

75.6 If station is arranged in a short term for other reasons than those stated in Article 75.4 and75.5, upon features of works, it is undertaken by police force or presided over by police inassociation with road authorities;

75.7 Before organizing station as in Article 75.6, police sector must discuss with roadauthorities for being supported

Article 76 Signaling of no traffic in emergency cases

In emergency cases in need of traffic prohibition, but signaling system is not provided on time,the following signals have effect of prohibition: a tree as barricade, a traffic guide standing at theroad center, extending two arms to make order, facing with approaching vehicles Red flag orcloth is hung on barricade Red light is used instead of flag in night time

Article 77 Signaling for partial prohibition of road surface, roadside, sidewalk

77.1 In case a part of roads such as sidewalk, roadside, pedestrian way on bridge, a part or thewhole of lane is damaged or under construction, place barrier around such parts or works so thatpeople and vehicles do not enter dangerous areas;

77.2 Barrier should be firm and stable;

77.3 In the middle of barrier, set up Sign 101 “No traffic” For roadworks under construction,Sign 227 “Roadworks” as supplementary to Sign 101;

Red flag with size 40x40cm is put on barrier for day time; red light for night time;

77.4 Barrier of roadworks on moving construction site may be of portable kind Barrier post inthis connection may only be 0.6m to 1.2m higher than the ground (it may consist of steelsections of alternative red and white stripes, to be wheeled and have plastic or rubber cones…);77.5 When traffic prohibition covers totally one lane of two-lane carriageway, provisionally twoopposite directions use the same lane, and besides signals specified in Article 77.3, we alsoarrange: