Type 1: Câu điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai If he runs, he will het there on time.. If you finish your homework, you can go out If you want to lose weight, you must ea
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Type 0: Cấu trúc câu điều kiện loại 0 dùng để diễn đạt những sự thật tổng quan, những dữ kiện
khoa học luôn luôn xảy ra với một điều kiện nhất định
Câu mệnh lệnh
If you heat ice, it turns into water
If there is a shortage of any product, prices of that product go up
If he comes, call me = call me if he comes
Type 1: Câu điều kiện có thể xảy ra ở hiện tại hoặc tương lai
If he runs, he will het there on time
The cat will scratch you if you pull her tail
Dạng đặc biệt/ biến thể
Simple
present May/might Can/may
Must/should
Khả năng
Cho phép Khuyên bảo
If the fog gets thicker, the plane may be diverted
If you finish your homework, you can go out
If you want to lose weight, you must eat less bread
Present
continuous Simple future Nhấn mạnh hđ đang diễn ra ở
hiện tại
If you are looking for Peter, you will find him upstairs
Present
Perfect Simple future May/might Nhấn mạnh hành động đã kết
thúc/hoàn thành trước 1 hhđ khác
If you have finished, you may go out
Type 2:Câu điều kiện không có thật ở hiện tại
Simple Past
- Fact: I don’t have a map (HT)
- If I had a map, I would lend it to you
- If someone tried to blackmail me, I’d call the police
- If I were you, I’d plant around the house (I’m not you)
Câu điều kiện (P1)
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= Were I you, I’d plant around the house
= If I were in your shoes, I’d plant around the house
- If I lived near my office, I’d be in time for work (I don’t live near my office)
= If I were to live near my office, I’d be in time for work
= Were he to live near his office, I’d be in time for work
Type 3: Câu điều kiện không có thật trong quá khứ
Fact: He helped me (QK), I won the prize
If he hadn’t helped me, I wouldn’t have won the prize
If we had found him earlier, we might have saved him
If I had worked harder last year, I could have passed the exam
CHÚ Ý:
1 Đảo ngữ câu ĐK3
If you had obeyed orders, the disaster wouldn’t have happened
Had you obeyed orders, the disaster wouldn’t have happened
If he hadn’t helped me, I couldn’t pass the exam
Had he not helped me, I couldn’t pass the exam
2 Câu ĐK trộn
Simple Past (II)
Past Perfect (III)
would / could / might/should + have + P.P (III)
Would + inf (II)
If I knew my mother was coming to see me, I’d have prepared more food
If I had caught that plane last night, I would be dead now
BÀI TẬP
Choose the best option to complete each of the following sentences
1 If I the bus this afternoon, I will get a taxi instead
A miss B will miss C missed D had missed
2 `We’ll have to go without John if he soon
A won’t arrive B will arrive C arrives D doesn’t arrive
3 If you your homework, I _ you watch TV
A won’t do/ let B did/ won’t let C don’t do/ won’t let D won’t do/ don’t let
4 If you _ this switch, the computer _ on
A press/ comes B will press/ comes C press/ can come D have pressed/ will comes
5 “Would you like some cake?”- “no thanks If I cake, I fat.”
A ate/ will get B ate/ would get C would eat/could get D am eating/ will get
6 Pam broke her arm in the accident It much worse if she hadn’t been wearing her seat belt
A will be B would have been C was D were
7 “My boss made me work overtime again.”_ “if I _ you, I _ my job.”
A were/ would have quit B am/ will quit
C was/ must quit D were/ would quit
8 “I don’t know whether to take that job or not”- “ _ you, I _ it ”
A if I had been/ would have taken B should I be/ will take
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C if I were/would have taken D I were/ would take
9 If you _ me about the bad service, we’d have eaten there
A didn’t tell B wouldn’t have told C hadn’t told D had told
10 The teacher was absent today, so class was canceled If she _ absent again tomorrow, class tomorrow, too
A is/ will cancel B is/ will be canceled C was/ would be canceled D was/ would cancel
11 If he me, I’ll be ready to help him
12 When winter comes, I a new coat
13 What would Tom do if he the truth?
A would know B has know C knows D knew
14 If I you, I wouldn’t do that
15 If I had been absent from class yesterday, I the math test
A would missed B would have missed C will miss D miss
16 If I _ a millionaire, I a Civic Honda
A am/ will buy B was/ would buy C was/ would have bought D were/ would buy
17 “ Here is my phone number”- “thanks, I _ you a call if I _ some help.”
A will give/ will need B would give/ needed C will give/ need D give/ need
18 If I _ wings, I _ take an airplane to fly home
A have/ won’t have to B had/ wouldn’t have to C have/ will have to D had/ didn’t have to
19 I think you should stop smoking
A if I am you, I will stop smoking
B if I were you, I will stop smoking
C if I were you, I would stop smoking
D if I had been you, I would stop smoking
20 We did not visit the museum because we had no time
A If we have time, we will visit the museum
B If we had time, we would visit the museum
C If we had had time, we would have visited the museum
D If we had had time, we will visit the museum
21 You work harder, you will be sacked
A Whether B If C However D Unless
22 Unless you _ quiet, I’ll scream
A don’t keep B keep C kept D didn’t keep
23 I won’t wake unless I the alarm
A don’t hear B heard C hear D didn’t hear
24 , he would have been able to pass the exam
A If he studied more B If he were studying more
C studying more D If he had studied more
25 If I had had some more money, I _ that book
A Would buy B will buy C would have bought D all are correct
26 if I take a map
A I will get lost B I will not get lost C I would get lost D I would not get lost
27 If cauliflowers from extreme temperatures, the heads get discolored
A will not be protected B are not protected
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C were not protected D are not being protected
28 I have time, I will go with you,
29 If you had told me that this was going to happen, I _ it
A would never have believed B don’t believe
C hadn’t believed D can’t believe
30 If Jake _ to go on the trip, would you have gone?
A doesn’t agree B didn’t agree C hadn’t agreed D wouldn’t agree
31 If I _ as young as you are, I _ in a boat round the world
A were- would sail B would be – would sail C were- will sail D would- would sail
32 _he _ hard last year, he would have lost the first prize
A Hadn’t – studied B Had- studied C Didn’t study D If – had studied
33 We _ the game if we’d had a few more minutes
A might have won B won C had won D will win
34 I _ William with me if I had known you and he didn’t get along with each other
A hadn’t brought B didn’t bring C wouldn’t have brought D won’t bring
35 _ interested in that subject, I would try to learn more about it
A Were I B Should I C I was D If I am
36 I _ you sooner had someone told me you were in the hospital
A would have visited B visited C had visited D visit
37 Do you think there would be less conflict in the world if all people _ the same language?
A spoke B speak C had spoken D will speak
38 resigned, we would have been force to sack him
A Had he not B Hadn’t he C He had not D He not had
39 , he would have been able to pass the exam
A If he studied more B If he were studying more
40 Had I had some more money, I _ that book
A Would buy B will buy C would have bought D all are correct
KEY
1 A/2 C/3 C/4 C/5 A/6 B/7 D/8 D/9 D/10 B/11 C/12 C/13 D14 B/15 B/16 D/17 C/18 B /19 C/20 C/21 D/22 B/23 C/24 D/25 C/26 B/27 B/28 A/29 A/30 C/31 A/32 A/33 A/34 C
35 A/36 A/37 A/38 A/39 D/40 C