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Like Clinton, the Bush White House used a private email server—its was owned by the Republican National Committee.. Imagine if for the last year and a half we had been talking about Hill

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09.23.2016 VOL.167 NO.11

30The Man Who Sold the World

If Donald Trump gets into the White House, his many foreign business deals will create a national

security nightmare by Kurt Eichenwald

40To Be Young, Gifted and Wack

Gurbaksh Chahal is the best of Silicon Valley—a brilliant entrepreneur—and the worst of Silicon Valley—a man who likes

to beat women by Nina Burleigh

B I G S H O T S

4 New York City

Stumble on the Trail

26 North Korea

North Korea’s Endless Loop

28 Tampons

A Generous Monthly Allowance

N E W W O R L D

46 Innovation

Got Milk (Packaging)?

48 Tech

The VCR Candidates

VIO-in London VIO-in 2010 The Silicon Valley entrepre- neur faces 12 months

in jail, three years after being charged with smacking his then-girl- friend 117 times.

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Hillary Clinton waves

outside her

daugh-ter’s apartment a few

hours after she left

the September 11

me-morial service early

feeling overheated

and dehydrated

Ama-teur video showed

her being helped

into a van, her knees

apparently buckling

Her doctor later said

she’d been diagnosed

with pneumonia two

days earlier

Repub-lican critics saw that

as further evidence

that the 68-year-old

Clinton has been

covering up serious

health problems, as

they have been saying

for months, even

though she has

re-leased more detailed

information about her

medical records than

the 70-year-old

Re-publican candidate,

Donald Trump

BIGSHOTS

on September 12, but

fi ghting continued, including a strike on

a busy market in Idlib that killed dozens of civilians Residents in the area told Reuters they believed the warplanes were Rus-sian The latest truce

is supposed to bring unrestricted human-itarian access and joint Russian-U.S military action against the Islamic State militant group, also known as ISIS, and the Nusra Front

SAMEER AL-DOUMY

BIGSHOTS

Diyarbakir, Turkey—Police detain a protest-

er in the southeastern city on September 9, after Turkish author-ities suspended more than 11,000 teachers over alleged links to the banned Kurdistan Workers’ Party (PKK) President Recep Tayyip Erdogan said Turkey had launched the largest operations

in its history against the group, which it considers a terrorist force Authorities also removed two dozen elected mayors in Kurdish-run munici-palities Since surviv-ing a coup attempt

in July, Erdogan has cracked down on both the PKK and sup-porters of U.S.-based Muslim cleric Fethul-lah Gulen, whom he accuses of orchestrat-ing the coup

ILYAS AKENGIN

Port-au-Prince, Haiti—Government health workers fumigate the streets

of Haiti’s capital on September 7 in an ef-fort to stop the spread

of mosquitoes that carry Zika and other diseases Budget con-straints and a strike by health workers have hindered prevention eff orts in the country, and the World Health Organization warned that experts were ex-pecting an epidemic

on the island, where the health system is still recovering from the 2010 earthquake Haiti has reported 3,000 suspected cases

of Zika, or about 30 per 100,000 people, compared with 82 per 100,000 in Brazil, but the WHO said it believes the gov-ernment has been underreporting

MEDICINE POLITICS NORTH KOREA CIVIL RIGHTS TAMPONS BUSINESS

P A G E O N E

fi ring U.S attorneys for political reasons

Like Clinton, the Bush White House used

a private email server—its was owned by the Republican National Committee And the Bush administration failed to store its emails, as required by law, and then refused to comply with

a congressional subpoena seeking some of those emails “It’s about as amazing a double standard

as you can get,” says Eric Boehlert, who works with the pro-Clinton group Media Matters “If you look at the Bush emails, he was a sitting pres-ident, and 95 percent of his chief advisers’ emails were on a private email system set up by the RNC Imagine if for the last year and a half we had been talking about Hillary Clinton’s emails set up on a private DNC server?”

Most troubling, researchers found a cious pattern in the White House email sys-tem blackouts, including periods when there were no emails available from the offi ce of Vice President Dick Cheney “That the vice presi-dent’s offi ce, widely characterized as the most

suspi-FOR 18 MONTHS, Republican strategists,

politi-cal pundits, reporters and Americans who follow

them have been pursuing Hillary Clinton’s

per-sonal email habits, and no evidence of a crime

has been found But now they at least have the

skills and interest to focus on a much larger and

deeper email conspiracy, one involving war, lies,

a private server run by the Republican Party and

contempt of Congress citations—all of it still

unsolved and unpunished

Clinton’s email habits look positively

trans-parent when compared with the

subpoena-dodging, email-hiding, private-server-using

George W Bush administration Between 2003

and 2009, the Bush White House “lost” 22

mil-lion emails This included milmil-lions of emails

written during the darkest period in America’s

recent history, when the Bush administration

was ginning up support for what turned out to

be a disastrous war in Iraq with false claims

that the country possessed weapons of mass

destruction (WMD), and, later, when it was

A ‘LOST’ GENERATION

George W Bush’s White House

failed to account for millions of

emails Where’s the outrage?

BY

NINA BURLEIGH

@ninaburleigh

+

RADIO SILENCE: Researchers found a suspi- cious pattern in White House email system blackouts, including periods when no emails were available from the offi ce of Dick Cheney.

PAGE ONE/POLITICS

powerful vice president in history, should have

no archived emails in its accounts for scores of days—especially days when there was discus-sion of whether to invade Iraq—beggared the imagination,” says Thomas Blanton, director

of the Washington-based National Security Archive, a nonprofi t devoted to obtaining and declassifying national security documents It is one of the key players in the eff ort to recover the supposedly lost Bush White House emails

The media paid some attention to the Bush email chicanery but spent considerably less ink and airtime than has been devoted to Clinton’s digital communications in the past 18 months

According to the Boston social media ics fi rm Crimson Hexagon, which ran a study

analyt-for Newsweek, there have been 560,397 articles

mentioning Clinton’s emails between March

2015 and September 1, 2016

In 1978, Congress passed the Presidential Records Act (PRA), which mandated that all presi-dential and vice presidential records created after January 20, 1981, be preserved and that the public, not the president, owned the records

The following year, the Reagan istration installed the White House’s rudimentary fi rst email system

admin-Despite the PRA, neither the gan nor the George H.W Bush admin-istration maintained email records, even as the number of White House emails began growing exponentially

Rea-(The Bush administration would duce around 200 million.) In 1989,

pro-a federpro-al lpro-awsuit to force the White House to comply with the PRA was

fi led by several groups, including the National Security Archive, which at the time was mostly interested in unearthing the secret history of the Cold War The suit sparked a last-minute court order, issued in the waning hours of the fi rst Bush presidency, that prevented 6,000 White House email backup tapes from being erased

When Bill Clinton moved into the White House, his lawyers supported the elder Bush in his eff ort

to uphold a side deal he’d cut with the National Archives and Records Administration to allow him

to treat his White House emails as personal At the time, George Stephanopoulos—then the White House communications director—defended the resistance, saying his boss, like Bush, didn’t want subsequent, and potentially unfriendly, adminis-trations rooting around in old emails

The Clinton White House eventually settled the suit, and White House aide John Podesta—

now Hillary Clinton’s campaign chairman—

even invited members of the National Security

Archive into the White House to demonstrate how the new system worked If anyone tried

to delete an email, a message would pop up on screen indicating that to do so would be in vio-lation of the PRA

“We were happy with that,” recalls Blanton, who edited a book on the Reagan-Bush email eva-

sion, White House E-Mail: The Top Secret Messages

the Reagan/Bush White House Tried to Destroy.

Eight years later, in 2003, a whistleblower told the National Security Archive that the George

W Bush White House was no longer saving its emails The Archive and another watchdog group, Citizens for Responsibility and Ethics in Wash-

ington (which had represented outed CIA agent Valerie Plame in her case against the Bush admin-istration), refi led their original lawsuit

The plaintiff s soon discovered that Bush aides had simply shut down the Clinton automatic email archive, and they identifi ed the start date

of the lost emails as January 1, 2003 The White House claimed it had switched to a new server and in the process was unable to maintain an archive—a claim that many found dubious Bush administration emails could have aided

a special prosecutor’s investigation into a White House eff ort to discredit a diplomat who dis-agreed with the administration’s fabricated Iraq WMD evidence by outing his CIA agent wife, Plame Special Prosecutor Patrick Fitzgerald, who was brought in to investigate that case, said in 2006 that he believed some potentially relevant emails sent by aides in Cheney’s offi ce were in the administration’s system but he couldn’t get access to them

NINETY-FIVE PERCENT OF [BUSH’S] CHIEF ADVISERS’ EMAILS WERE ON A

PRIVATE EMAIL SYSTEM SET UP BY THE RNC.

PAGE ONE/POLITICS

The supposedly lost emails also prevented

Congress from fully investigating, in 2007, the

politically motivated fi ring of nine U.S attorneys

When the Democrat-led Senate Judiciary

Com-mittee subpoenaed related emails, Bush’s

attor-ney general, Alberto Gonzalez, said many were

inaccessible or lost on a nongovernmental private

server run by the RNC and called gwb43.com

The White House, meanwhile, offi cially refused

to comply with the congressional subpoena

Senate Judiciary Chairman Patrick Leahy

(D-Vt.) called the president’s actions “Nixonian

stonewalling” and at one point took to the fl oor

in exasperation and shouted, “They say they

have not been preserved I don’t believe that!”

His House counterpart, Judiciary

Chairman John Conyers (D-Mich.),

said Bush’s assertion of executive

privilege was unprecedented and

displayed “an appalling disregard for

the right of the people to know what

is going on in their government.”

In court in May 2008,

administra-tion lawyers contended that the White

House had lost three months’ worth of

email backups from the initial days of

the Iraq War Bush aides thus evaded

a court-ordered deadline to describe

the contents of digital backup believed to contain

emails deleted in 2003 between March—when

the U.S invaded Iraq—and September They also

refused to give the NSA nonprofi t any emails

relating to the Iraq War, despite the PRA, blaming

a system upgrade that had deleted up to 5 million

emails The plaintiff s eventually contended that

the Bush administration knew about the problem

in 2005 but did nothing to fi x it

Eventually, the Bush White House admitted

it had lost 22 million emails, not 5 million Then,

in December 2009—well into Barack Obama’s

administration—the White House said it found

22 million emails, dated between 2003 and 2005,

that it claimed had been mislabeled That cache

was given to the National Archives, and it and

other plaintiff s agreed, on December 14, 2009,

to settle their lawsuit But the emails have not yet

been made available to the public

The Senate Judiciary Committee was operating

THE JUSTICE SYSTEM HAS INCLUDED LYING, MISLEAD- ING, STONEWALLING AND IGNORING THE CONGRESS.”

on a diff erent track but having no more luck In

a bipartisan vote in 2008, the committee found White House aides Karl Rove and Joshua Bolten in contempt of Congress for refusing to comply with subpoenas in the investigation of the fi red U.S attorneys The penalties for contempt are fi nes and possible jail time, but no punishment was ever handed down because a D.C federal appeals court stayed the Senate’s ruling in October 2008, while the White House appealed Rove’s lawyer claimed Rove did not “intentionally delete” any emails but was only conducting “the type of rou-tine deletions people make to keep their inboxes orderly,” according to the Associated Press

By then, Obama was weeks away from ning the election, so the Bush administration basically ran out the clock And neither the Obama administration nor the Senate commit-tee pursued the matter

win-The committee’s fi nal report on the matter was blunt: “[T]his subversion of the justice system has included lying, misleading, stonewalling and ignoring the Congress in our attempts to fi nd out precisely what happened The reasons given for

these fi rings were contrived as part of a cover-up, and the stonewalling by the White House is part and parcel of that same eff ort.”

At the time, some journalists and ists complained about a lack of transparency

editorial-on the White House’s part, but The Washingteditorial-on

Post, in an editorial, accepted the White House

explanation that the emails could have been lost due to fl awed IT systems

The mystery of what was in the missing Bush emails and why they went missing is still years away from being solved—if ever They won’t

be available to the public until 2021, when the presidential security restrictions elapse Even then, with currently available archiving and sort-ing methods, researchers will still have years of work to fi gure out whether Cheney deleted days’ worth of emails around the time of the WMD propaganda campaign that led to war

“To your question of what’s in there—we

WIN MCNAMEE/

don’t know,” the National Security Archive’s Blanton says “There was not a commitment at the top for saving it all Now was that resistance motivated by political reasons? Or was it ‘We gotta save money’?”

Like Leahy, Blanton has doubts that the emails were ever truly “lost,” given that every email exists in two places, with the sender and with the recipient But unlike watchdog group Judi-cial Watch, which has been relentless about forcing the State Department to publicly release Hillary Clinton’s emails, Blanton and his fellow researchers have decided not to press their fi ght for the release of the Bush emails

Blanton says he has no idea whether the Bush email record will be found intact after 2021, when his group will be allowed to do a system-atic search and recovery process in the National Archives “Did they fi nd all of them? We don’t know,” he says “Our hope is that by that time,

the government and the National Archives will have much better technology and tools with which to sift and sort that kind of volume.” Blanton says he’s not expecting that kind of upgrade, though “Their entire budget is less than the cost of a single Marine One helicopter,”

he says “It’s an underfunded orphan.”

Meanwhile, the episode has been nearly gotten by almost everyone but the litigants A source involved with the stymied congressional investigation recalled the period as “an intense time,” but the Obama administration didn’t encourage any follow-up, devoting its political capital to dealing with the crashing economy rather than investigating the murky doings that took place under his predecessor Since then, no major media outlet has devoted signifi cant—or, really, any—resources to obtaining the emails, or

for-to fi nding out what was in them, or what, exactly, the Bush administration was hiding (or losing)

PAGE ONE/MEDICINE

resistance could soon become deadlier than the Islamic State group (ISIS) or Bashar al-Assad’s dreaded air force And with resistant bacteria spreading fast, Syria might even become the place where antibiotics, one of the biggest lifesavers of the 20th century, stop working altogether

There are few reliable statistics on the number of fatalities in Syria related to failing drugs, and for now the problem seems man-ageable Last month, a 14-year-old boy from

a barrel-bombed Damascus suburb, whose body had rejected all available antibiotics, suc-cumbed to multiple infections not long after he arrived at a Jordanian clinic At a fi eld hospital

in Lebanon’s Bekaa Valley, medics say ineff tive antibiotics appear to have increased the death rate over the past year “In 2015, we lost two people,” says Mariam Mohamed, a volun-teer nurse at an emergency refugee clinic out-side Chtoura, halfway between Beirut and the Syrian border “So far this year, we’ve already lost four who weren’t responding to treatment.”

ec-Frazzled medical professionals believe the problem is quickly getting worse, especially in besieged swathes of Syria that doctors can’t reach

At MSF’s hospital in Amman, half of the patients now arrive with some sort of chronic infection; of those, 60 percent are resistant to multiple drugs

United Nations offi cials are so concerned they recently called for an emergency General Assem-bly summit on superbugs in late September “If

MOHAMMED ABU ARA is the face of a grave new

threat, but propped up on his bed in an airy

seg-regated hospital ward in Jordan, there’s not a

hint of menace about him With his left arm cut

off above the elbow and one of his legs encased

in a metal splint, he looks like thousands of

oth-ers whose lives have been shredded by the

vio-lence of the Syrian civil war

Yet for many regional health analysts, Abu Ara

and several others at the Doctors Without

Bor-ders Special Hospital for Reconstructive Surgery

in Amman are part of a terrifying new trend: the

growing number of Syrians who are immune to

almost all antibiotics The only way to treat them

is to amputate their aff ected limbs and inject

them with last-resort drugs For those suff ering

from less peripheral wounds, the prognosis is

even grimmer “If the infection is in the chest or

brain, he will die,” says Rashid Fakhri, surgical

coordinator for the organization, known

inter-nationally as Médecins sans frontières (MSF), in

Amman “You can’t amputate there.”

After fi ve and a half years of death and

destruc-tion, those working at hospitals and makeshift

clinics along the Syrian border thought they’d

seen every injury imaginable—from chest wounds

stanched with hookah pipes to twin brothers

whose skulls were dented by an undetonated

rocket-propelled grenade But as the confl ict

esca-lates and conditions worsen for civilians and

sol-diers alike, doctors and aid workers fear antibiotic

SYRIAN SUPERBUGS

Bashar al-Assad’s war in Syria could

produce something far more deadly

than ISIS: the end of antibiotics

BY

PETER SCHWARTZSTEIN

@PSchwartzstein

LAST RESORT: Half

the Syrian patients

we start seeing even more of these cases,” Fakhri

says, “it will be disastrous.”

Syria’s antibiotic resistance comes at a time

when similar problems are plaguing other parts of

the world About 700,000 people die every year

from antimicrobial resistance, according to a U.K

government study that suggests that fi gure could

rise to 10 million by 2050 The reasons vary, but

many blame widespread drug use in agriculture,

as farmers force-feed antibiotics to animals to

fatten them up In the U.S., large-scale livestock

farming has hastened the speed by which

bac-teria develop resistance to antibiotics,

environ-mentalists say, though representatives of major

agricultural companies insist the animals need those pills to stay healthy Either way, the world has reached a point where every existing antibi-otic—from penicillin to last-resort drugs such as polypeptides—has been compromised, according

to Antibiotic Research U.K., a British group that campaigns to raise awareness of antibiotic abuse

In Syria, part of the problem is rooted in the country’s lax attitude toward medications As in much of the Middle East, antibiotics have long been available without a prescription and are often seen as cure-alls with no side eff ects For years, doctors doled them out for everything from headaches to common colds Farmers in isolated

PAGE ONE/MEDICINE

areas self-medicated Pharmacists who knew the

risks prescribed them anyway, fearing their

cus-tomers would go elsewhere And with dozens of

pharmaceutical factories churning out products

across the country, antibiotics became available

at low cost to pretty much everyone

The outbreak of war and the subsequent

break-down of Syria’s health care system appear to have

sparked this crisis and created an environment

perfectly suited for the spread of germs The

Syrian regime’s systematic targeting of doctors

with barrel bombs and cluster munitions has

destroyed much of the country’s medical

know-how, and its repeated bombings of hospitals have

set emergency room sanitation back decades in

some areas In the besieged mountain resort of

Madaya, for instance, a veterinarian and a

den-tist in training have been left to treat the wounds

of a town of several thousand people “When we

started to receive Syrians in 2012, we thought:

They have serious injuries, but they don’t have

multi-drug resistance,” says Nagham Hussein,

director of medical operations at MSF’s Amman

hospital “But then, when the crisis became older

and older, the nice innocent bacteria changed into

nasty bacteria Everything is more diffi cult now.”

Analysts still aren’t sure whether this resistance

is spread in the streets or strictly at battlefi eld

clinics There are insuffi cient micro-laboratories

in the relevant areas, which are needed to

scruti-nize bone cultures for signs of deep infection, and

Syrians, it seems, are being killed too quickly for

analysts to keep up It’s possible, doctors say, that

explosions—from car bombs to airstrikes—are

spreading resistant bacteria through body parts

and fl esh that fl ies through the air after a blast

Or it could be that under-trained medics, forced

to deal with so many casualties, have

inadver-tently created fertile breeding grounds for

infec-tious diseases Regardless, it’s a hellish scenario

that wounded Syrians—and the doctors who treat

them—are struggling to comprehend

“There’s really no luck for us,” says Abdel

Salem, a 20-year-old from the southern Daraa

area who lost a leg in an airstrike in March 2015

and risks losing the other to an infection that took

root in his shrapnel-ridden ankle “Even when we

are safe in Jordan, we are not safe.”

First treated in a fi eld hospital run by the Free

Syrian Army, Salem was given whatever drugs

the rebel group had inside the blockaded town

by a fi ghter who doubled as a paramedic After

the Syrian army conquered the area, he says, the

government troops refused to treat him, and his

wounds were left to fester until his family

smug-gled him out of the country Before he reached

the border, fi ve diff erent doctors operated on

his legs, which were oozing puss by the time he arrived in Amman

More Syrians may wind up like him, depending

on the direction of the war, which shows few signs

of abating As long as doctors continue to perform complex operations in poorly lit basements and caves with recycled equipment, infections will remain common And until the number of qual-ifi ed medics corresponds to the high volume of injuries, analysts say it will be diffi cult to thwart the spread of resistant bacteria within Syria

There is, however, cause for some guarded optimism Jordan, which has taken in more than

a million Syrian refugees, has been ing tight new controls on the use of Colistin,

implement-an extra-strength implement-antibiotic that cimplement-an be used

as a last resort Only four pathologists across the country are licensed to distribute the drug,

and even they seldom prescribe it Patients also seem increasingly open to recounting what hap-pened to them, unlike in the war’s early days, when many were wary of saying how they were injured for fear of Assad’s forces And if the situ-ation continues to deteriorate and Colistin loses its eff ectiveness (there have already been a number of recorded cases of resistance in a few countries), then the possible discovery of a new class of antibiotics—derived from human nasal mucus—off ers some hope

Yet with the Syrian war still killing and maiming

at a pace unmatched in recent memory, doctors and scientists say there’s only one guaranteed way

to preserve one of our world’s greatest discoveries

“The problem is not the mentality of the doctors; it’s the confl ict,” says Fakhri “We have to treat the confl ict to stop antibiotic resistance.”

“IF THE INFECTION IS

IN THE CHEST OR BRAIN,

HE WILL DIE YOU CAN’T AMPUTATE THERE.”

offi cer came up behind him and twisted his arm behind his back, causing him to drop his phone

The offi cer then handcuff ed him and began to search him “Under what section are you search-ing me?” Virasami says he asked The offi cer responded, he says, by calling over to the two black men: “Do you know this guy?”

Offi cers then dragged Virasami out of the station and into the back of their van “This is unlawful This is racist,” he says he told them

The offi cers drove him to the Lewisham police station, a 10-minute drive, then led him into a small windowless room They ordered him to

AFTER REHEARSING with his hip-hop band one

evening last summer, 25-year-old Josh Virasami

began making his way to his home in Tottenham,

North London He headed into New Cross Gate

station, where he planned to take a train It was

late, but the station was busy—supporters of the

Clapton Ultras, a non-league soccer team, were

returning from a game As he walked toward the

turnstiles, Virasami noticed police offi cers

search-ing two black men, who were stood up against the

wall of the station Virasami, who is also black,

began fi lming the incident with his phone

Less than a minute later, Virasami says, a white

BY

MIRREN GIDDA

@MirrenGidda

CLENCHED FISTS ACROSS THE OCEAN

The British chapter of Black Lives Matter

is already making noise and drawing the attention of haters

PAGE ONE/CIVIL RIGHTS

strip naked, turn around, bend over and cough

Virasami says that during this body search the offi cers laughed at him

Once the search was over and he was released, Virasami says he waited at the station for two or three hours, asking the police for paperwork doc-umenting what had happened Eventually, he gave up and went home (The Lewisham police station says it has no record of this incident.)Virasami believes the offi cers who detained him are racists, an accusation that racial equal-ity campaigners have long made about British police It’s a criticism that intensifi ed on August

15 following the death of Dalian Atkinson, a black man and former soccer star who passed away after police Tasered him during an encounter in Telford, in the west of England (An investigation into Atkinson’s death is ongoing.)

As British police continue to detain, arrest and kill black people in disproportionate numbers,

a group of anti-racism campaigners—Virasami among them—are organizing and looking to the U.S., where the Black Lives Matter movement has galvanized thousands of people to protest against racial injustice Virasami and his colleagues, some

of whom know the three U.S founders of Black Lives Matter, decided to adopt the moniker for their group Armed with the most

potent name in modern ism activism—and one that pro-testers have chanted throughout Europe—Black Lives Matter UK wants to unite people across Britain

anti-rac-to defy racial inequality On August

5, the group held its fi rst protests, shutting down roads in Birming-ham, Nottingham and London

Like its U.S counterpart, Black Lives Matter UK has made oppos-ing police violence a priority Since

2004, the Independent Police Complaints mission, a government-funded organization, has collected data on the number of people the police have killed in that time frame: 1,115 people, or 93 deaths a year Black people—who make up 3.4 percent of Britain’s population—account for 7.89 percent of the fatalities

Com-In an email to Newsweek, the National Police

Chiefs’ Council says it is aware of this disparity and that black people are disproportionately represented in arrest and detention fi gures It adds, however that the reasons for this “are wider and more complex than simply contact with the police.” The NPCC says the well-known black politician David Lammy is leading an independent review—along with the U.K.’s Min-istry of Justice—into the police and the courts’

treatment of ethnic minorities (The report’s

fi ndings will be released next spring.) Lammy, who is from the center-left Labour Party, represents the borough of Tottenham, where around a fi fth of the residents are black Many of them have a deep-rooted distrust of the police In 1985, a black woman named Cynthia Jarrett died of heart failure during a police raid of her home in the Broadwater Farm estate, a pub-lic housing project in Tottenham The next day, residents of Broadwater Farm—who were sus-picious of the circumstances in which Jarrett’s death occurred—began rioting Amid the uproar,

a crowd of people hacked a British police offi cer, Keith Blakelock, to death

More than two decades later, there was another riot in Tottenham In 2011, police shot and killed a 29-year-old black man named Mark Duggan, who

lived in the Broadwater Farm estate His death sparked fi ve days of rioting across Britain, which resulted in around $265 million of damage

Today, Broadwater Farm is a more peaceful place Housing up to 4,000 people, it feels like

a self-contained town Residents live in colored tower blocks, linked by walkways; also on-site is

a nursery, a playground and a church At the back

of the estate is the Broadwater Farm community center, where Clasford Stirling, who runs the cen-ter’s soccer club and who has lived in Tottenham for decades, spends most of his time In 2007, the queen gave him an MBE—a community service award—for his work Now, Stirli ng sa ys, for all that

he has done, one problem remains unchanged

“[Police racism] hasn’t gone; it hasn’t gone at all,”

he says, sitting at a table in one of the center’s

PAGE ONE/CIVIL RIGHTS

rooms across from the sports hall “And we feel

it every day Why is it so [much easier] to assault

a black person on the street than it is your white brothers and sisters?”

Around the table, other youth workers murmur their agreement “Is there any diff erence to the

’60s?” Stirling says “The only thing is, [the police]

are not beating you visibly on the street, like they did in the ’60s But the racism is just the same.”

Advocates say the lack of diversity among British police is partly responsible: In London, 40.2 percent of the population is from an ethnic minority background, compared with just 12.4 percent of its police force

In its email to Newsweek, the NPCC says it is

aware that trust in the police is not high among ethnic minorities but police forces across Brit-ain are “work[ing] hard to build trust and strong relationships with all communities.” It adds that it does not hold collective data on how this rebuilding of trust is going

Stirling does not believe the police have made enough of an eff ort to improve community rela-tions He says he and other black parents have taught their children to be wary of the police, par-ticularly as they approach adolescence

The following day, Stirling is fi nishing soccer practice for the 14- to 17-year-olds he coaches

He calls them over, and they gather around him, squinting in the sun They are around the age Virasami was when police began to stop and search him for no apparent reason One 15-year-old boy says his school holds regular classes to teach him and his friends about their rights and what to do if the police stop them

He says the police are racist and not to be trusted, and the rest of the group nods in agree-ment “If you’re in the presence of the police, we know that if you’re black, you might be stopped,”

another teenager says “I wouldn’t call the police [if I was in trouble] If you get robbed, you’re not going to call the police.”

The group brightens, however, at a mention

of Black Lives Matter They have heard of the U.S movement and the British group One teen-ager says, “[Black Lives Matter] is good ’cause they’re trying to prove a point They’re doing something, fi nally.”

Though the name Black Lives Matter carries recognition worldwide, it inevitably invites com-parison to what’s happening in the U.S

In 2015, according to the Washington Post’s

database of police shootings (no offi cial fi gures exist), U.S police shot and killed 990 people, 258

of whom were black In Britain, offi cers are ally unarmed, so police shootings are infrequent, but Virasami says offi cers have too often avoided

punishment for the deaths of black people who have died during incidents involving the police According to the Institute of Race Relations,

a London-based charity, the last time a British police offi cer was convicted over involvement in a black person’s death was in 1971, when two police offi cers were found guilty of the lesser charge of assault—not manslaughter— during their trial for the death of a homeless man, David Oluwale The need for Black Lives Matter UK is clear, but the movement has stumbled somewhat in recent weeks On September 6, the group tried

to follow its August 5 protests with a second day

of action Early that morning, nine white porters of Black Lives Matter UK stormed a run-way at London City Airport to protest against the eff ects of climate change on sub-Saharan Africa countries The demonstrators forced the closure of the runway for more than six hours but earned the opprobrium of some people

sup-you might assume would be their allies In a series of tweets, Staff ord Scott, who works for the anti-racism charity the Monitoring Group, accused Black Lives Matter UK of “fast becom-ing a joke” for focusing on an environmental issue with a whites-only protest “These FOOLS are embarrassing BLACK people,” he tweeted Virasami says Black Lives Matter UK, which has supporters of all ethnicities, sent white activists

to the airport because it believed there was less risk the police would harm them

Black Lives Matter UK is a young movement, with young members, and it still trying to establish itself Though the September 6 protest may have angered people like Scott, who saw it as a fl ashy stunt, it earned the group widespread media cov-erage, and its fans are now waiting for the group’s next move As are its critics

“IF YOU GET ROBBED, YOU’RE NOT GOING

TO CALL THE POLICE.”

PAGE ONE/NORTH KOREA

enforce the sanctions And that includes the ple’s Republic of China, Pyongyang’s lone ally

Peo-There are only two questions that matter here:

Is Kim crazy enough to use one of his nukes in an

attack on Japan, South Korea or the United States?

The received wisdom is, no, he is not that crazy,

because such an attack would almost certainly result in the obliteration of North Korea Second, then, is the question of China Does Beijing want

to put so much pressure on the regime that it might destabilize the North, or does Pyongyang’s value

as a strategic buff er in northeast Asia—a fi rewall against the U.S.–South Korea alliance—mean that Kim can basically do whatever he wants with his nukes, so long as he doesn’t use them

Beijing is Pyongyang’s economic lifeline—

roughly 70 percent of North Korea’s total trade

is with Beijing—and its main supplier of energy and food If Beijing wanted to cut off Pyongyang, even more lights in the North would go off —and stay off There have been moments when Beijing has wielded its clout: Early in 2003, for example, Pyongyang test-fi red a missile in contravention of U.N resolutions, and China stopped shipping oil

to the North for three days In 2013, South Korean Foreign Minister Yun Byung Se said, “China appears to have increasingly viewed the North’s military adventurism as a strategic liability, instead of a strategic asset.” The following year, President Xi Jinping appeared to snub Pyongyang

by visiting Seoul before Pyongyang—the fi rst time

ONCE UPON a time, Bill Clinton thought he had

rid the world of worry about the nuclear dreams

of the cruel dictator of the Democratic

Peo-ple’s Republic of Korea, aka North Korea The

Agreed Framework was signed in 1994:

Pyong-yang promised to shelve its pursuit of a nuclear

weapon in return for energy assistance—in the

form of a light water nuclear reactor—from the

United States, Japan and South Korea

That deal died during the administration of

George W Bush, when the U.S confronted the

North about its secret eff ort to enrich uranium

in pursuit of the bomb (the program covered by

the Agreed Framework was for the North’s

pur-suit of a plutonium-based weapon) Ever since,

Pyongyang and the world have been trapped in an

endless loop: North Korea, slowly increasing its

small nuclear arsenal, conducts another nuclear

test; an outraged world passes U.N resolutions to

increase sanctions meant to infl ict suffi cient

eco-nomic pain to bring Kim Jong Un, the current

dic-tator, to heel Some time later, Kim tests another

bomb, as he did on September 9

This has become so routine you’ve probably

forgotten that this precise sequence of events

has already occurred this year In January, the

North tested a nuke—its fourth such test—and

after two months of talks the Security Council

passed Resolution 2270 Still, skeptics warned, in

order for Resolution 2270 to curtail North Korea’s

persistent violations, all U.N members need to

NORTH KOREA’S ENDLESS LOOP

Yet another nuclear test may spark

further U.N sanctions, but until China gets serious, not much will change

BY

BILL POWELL

a Chinese leader had done so For a brief time, the U.S and its key East Asian allies, South Korea and Japan, thought the campaign of “strategic patience” with the North might be working, given Beijing’s apparently mounting irritation.

That moment passed, and now, just months after detonating its fourth nuke and withstanding the latest round of U.N sanctions (and alleged Chinese anger), the North has tested an even big-ger bomb The endless loop plays on: President Barack Obama left meetings in the Laotian capital

of Vientiane stating the obvious—that he needed more help from Beijing to rein in Kim

But has anything changed in the past few months that would alter China’s strategic cal-culus? Beijing enforced some tougher sanctions after the March nuclear test, but none that would meet the “bone-numbing” standard, in Seoul’s words, necessary to get Kim’s attention Beijing knows the North’s nuclear program is more shield than spear: It is the guarantor of the Kim dynas-ty’s survival No one will pre-emptively attack the regime, since it has nukes China also believes Obama’s “pivot” to Asia is a plan to encircle China

with U.S allies nervous about Beijing’s growing military clout in the region Beijing was angered

by Seoul’s willingness to adopt the U.S.’s Terminal High-Altitude Area Defense system Though it will be deployed as a hedge against missiles from the North, Seoul’s agreement with Washington to deploy was seen in Beijing as a snub, since China has publicly warned South Korea against THAAD

As long as Beijing does not believe the North would use its nukes against its lone ally, then Pyongyang’s test of its fi fth, sixth, seventh or eighth nuke won’t change the calculus Beijing wants stability on the Korean peninsula So the cycle is likely to continue: China will agree to pun-ish Pyongyang a little bit harder each time but not enough to truly imperil the regime That leaves Washington with a problem Obama attends his

fi nal U.N General Assembly this month, and once again tougher sanctions on North Korea are

on the agenda The Security Council will probably agree on something, but will Washington adopt its own tougher sanctions against governments and companies that trade with North Korea—or even

enforce existing sanctions that could hit Chinese

entities doing business with Pyongyang?

It’s likely the Obama administration, on its way out the door, will not take such strong measures Obama said recently he views climate change as the most consequential issue he has had to deal with, and China, the world’s largest emitter of car-bon dioxide, is the key to doing something about

it Seriously upsetting Beijing is not something this president will do What a President Hillary

Clinton or Donald Trump would do is anybody’s guess (though Trump, in his limitless confi dence

in his ability to negotiate “good deals,” has said he would talk with the North Korean dictator)

Forget about it, Donald The depressing bottom line is that putting off the issue, while believing that Kim won’t hurt anybody with his nukes, remains the only option that doesn’t risk

a calamitous confrontation with the North—and Beijing Expect whoever is in the White House next to realize that

ALL SMILES: A

sales assistant in

Seoul, South

Ko-rea, watches news

of North Korea’s

latest nuclear test,

its biggest yet.

+

PAGE ONE/TAMPONS

WHEN STUDENTS at Brown University headed

to their fi rst class or hit the gym for their fi rst

workout earlier this month, they found

some-thing new in many campus bathrooms: free

tam-pons and pads Brown’s student body president,

Viet Nguyen, who pushed the initiative, will be

hand-delivering menstrual products to all

non-residential bathrooms with the help of 20

stu-dents “There’s been a lot of conversation about

why pads and tampons are a necessity, not a

lux-ury, but not a lot of action We wanted to take it

into our own hands,” says Nguyen “Low-income

students struggle with having the necessary

funding for food, let alone tampons.”

Brown is one of the fi rst higher-education

insti-tutions to implement such a widespread program

By putting menstrual products in women’s, men’s

and gender-inclusive bathrooms, Nguyen’s

cam-paign highlights an often ignored fact: Not all

people who menstruate are women “We wanted

to set a tone of trans-inclusivity and not forget that

they’re an important part of the population.”

Students at Brown aren’t the only ones going

back to school this month with unprecedented

access to menstrual products As of this fall, New

York City public schools will provide free tampons

and pads in all school buildings with sixth through

12th graders The move is part of the city’s

land-mark legislation, passed in July, ensuring free

A GENEROUS

MONTHLY ALLOWANCE

Colleges, high schools and middle

schools throughout the U.S are

fi nally embracing the tampon

This is especially true for younger teens, who are more likely to be caught off guard by the arrival

of their period and without budgets of their own

to buy emergency tampons or pads.”

Advocates hope New York City’s law will set a standard around the country In the meantime, everyday people are making a diff erence Last year, Jenn Bajec, a mother of two in Dublin City, Ohio, convinced her local elementary and middle schools to put free tampons and pads in school bathrooms It all started when her sixth-grade daughter struggled to manage her period because she had only a few minutes between classes, men-strual products were kept far away at the nurse’s offi ce, and there weren’t restrooms on every fl oor

“My daughter loved school, but when she got her period, she was so overwhelmed with it, she didn’t want to go to school anymore,” Bajec says

Earlier this year, Inside Higher Ed reported

that students at the University of Arizona, Columbia University, Emory College in Atlanta, Reed College in Portland, Oregon, the Univer-sity of Nebraska at Lincoln, UCLA and Grinnell College in Iowa, among others, have all advo-cated for free menstrual products on campus As

Courtney Couillard wrote in the Columbia

Spec-tator, “I can easily fi nd a free condom on

Bar-nard and Columbia’s campuses, but why can’t I

fi nd a free tampon in the bathrooms in Hamilton

or Milbank? Why does the administration care about my sexual protective rights, but not how I handle my monthly menstrual cycle?”

Discussing periods was once taboo, but over the past year menstruation has become a talking point for everyone from Olympians to politicians to YouTube stars Last year, musician Kiran Gandhi ran the London Marathon while free-bleeding and artist Rupi Kaur inadvertently launched a backlash against Instagram when the app “acci-dentally” removed her period-themed photos, twice Hashtag campaigns raised awareness about people in need (#TheHomelessPeriod and

#FreeTheTampons) while some criticized Donald Trump and his Republican vice presidential nomi-nee, Mike Pence, for their lame-brained comments about women’s health (#PeriodsAreNotAnInsult and #PeriodsForPence)

There were so many pop culture moments that

NPR called 2015 “the year of the period” and

Cos-mopolitan dubbed it “the year the period went

public.” This year, however, has been the year

of actual progress In January, Barack Obama likely became the fi rst president to comment on menstruation when YouTube star Ingrid Nilsen asked him why tampons and pads are taxed in

40 states His response: “I suspect it’s because men were making the laws when those taxes were passed.” More recently, Chinese swimmer

Fu Yuanhui made headlines for talking about her period at the Olympics After fi nishing fourth in the women’s 4x100-meter medley relay, she was doubled over and holding her stomach When a reporter asked why, she replied, “Actually, my period started last night, so I’m feeling pretty weak and really tired But this isn’t an excuse At the end of the day, I just didn’t swim very well.” Whoopi Goldberg launched a medical marijuana company with an entire line of products aimed at easing menstrual cramps

In August, Cora organic tampons and pads reusable menstrual pads landed in select Target stores and Target.com, making it easier to access more diverse and potentially safer period products Cora, a subscription-based organic cotton tampon company, hit shelves alongside Seventh Generation and Honest Company Cora tampons come with a BPA-free applicator and, for every monthly supply sold, the company gives period products to girls in India Lunapads Per-forma pads are the fi rst washable, reusable cloth menstrual pad to be carried in Target, accord-ing to Madeleine Shaw, co-founder of Luna-pads They’re made of natural cotton and highly

absorbent, leakproof fabrics, and they can hold three times the amount of fl uid as that of similar disposables Each pad lasts about fi ve years and replaces around 120 disposable products

Last year, U.S consumers spent $3.1 billion on pads, tampons and liners, according to Euromon-itor Procter & Gamble, Energizer Holdings and Kimberly-Clark control 85 percent of the tampon market, but since the Food and Drug Administra-tion does not require companies to disclose the ingredients in their pads and tampons, many peo-ple are turning to niche brands because they off er transparency After centuries of signaling the start

of adulthood, periods are fi nally coming of age

“LOW-INCOME STUDENTS STRUGGLE WITH HAVING THE NECESSARY FUNDING FOR FOOD, LET

IF DONALD TRUMP

GETS INTO THE

WHITE HOUSE, HIS

a sprawling business empire that has spread a secretive

fi nancial web across the world? Or will Trump instead

choose to be the most confl icted president in American

history, one whose business interests will constantly

jeop-ardize the security of the United States?

Throughout this campaign, the Trump Organization,

which pumps potentially hundreds of millions of dollars

into the Trump family’s bank accounts each year, has

been largely ignored As a private enterprise, its

busi-nesses, partners and investors are hidden from public

view, even though they are the very people who could be

enriched by—or will further enrich—Trump and his

fam-ily if he wins the presidency

A close examination by Newsweek of the Trump

Orga-nization, including confi dential interviews with business

executives and some of its international partners, reveals

an enterprise with deep ties to global fi nanciers, foreign

politicians and even criminals, although there is no

evi-dence the Trump Organization has engaged in any

ille-gal activities It also reveals a web of entanglements that

could not be unwound or simply put in a blind trust, as

other politicians have done with their stock portfolios to

avoid confl icts If Trump moves into the White House

and his family continues to receive any benefi t from the

company, during or even after his presidency, almost

every foreign policy decision he makes will raise serious

confl icts of interest and ethical quagmires

THE MUMBAI SHUFFLE

THE TRUMP Organization is not like the Bill, Hillary &

Chelsea Clinton Foundation, the charitable enterprise that

has been the subject of intense scrutiny about possible

confl icts for the Democratic presidential nominee There

are allegations that Hillary Clinton bestowed benefi ts on

contributors to the foundation in some sort of “pay to play”

scandal when she was secretary

of state, but that makes no sense because there was no “pay.”

Money contributed to the dation was publicly disclosed and went to charitable eff orts, such as fi ghting neglected trop-ical diseases that infect as many

foun-as a billion people The fi nancials audited by Pricewaterhouse-Coopers, the global independent accounting company, and the foundation’s tax fi lings show that about 90 percent of the money it raised went to its charitable programs (Trump surrogates have falsely claimed that it was only 10 percent and that the rest was used as a Clinton “slush fund.”) No member of the Clinton family received any cash from the foun-dation, nor did it fi nance any political campaigns

In fact, like the Clintons, almost the entire board of directors works for free

On the other hand, the Trump family rakes in untold millions of dollars from the Trump Organiza-tion every year Much of that comes from deals with international fi nanciers and developers, many of whom have been tied to controversial and even ille-gal activities None of Trump’s overseas contractual

business relationships examined by Newsweek were

revealed in his campaign’s fi nancial fi lings with the Federal Election Commission, nor was the amount paid to him by his foreign partners (The Trump campaign did not respond to a request for the names

of all foreign entities in partnership or contractually tied to the Trump Organization.) Trump’s fi nancial

fi lings also indicate he is a shareholder or benefi ciary

IF DONALD TRUMP

IS ELECTED PRESIDENT,

WILL HE AND HIS

FAMILY SEVER ALL