3 loại mệnh đề: Mệnh đề danh từ Ví dụ: I don't understand what the teacher said.. Mệnh đề quan hệ hay mệnh đề tính từ Mệnh đề quan hệ hay còn gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ vì nó bổ nghĩa
Trang 1Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
RELATIVE CLAUSE ( Mệnh đề quan hệ) - PHẦN 1
I Tóm tắt bài giảng
A 3 loại mệnh đề:
Mệnh đề danh từ
Ví dụ: I don't understand what the teacher said
That I dislike him is clear
What she like is clear
Whether she loves me or not is unknown
Mệnh đề quan hệ hay mệnh đề tính từ
Mệnh đề quan hệ hay còn gọi là mệnh đề tính ngữ vì nó bổ nghĩa cho danh từ và đứng ngay
sau danh từ mà nó bổ nghĩa cho
Ví dụ: The man who lent me this book is my father's friend
She is talking to the man who lent me this book
Mệnh đề trạng ngữ (Adverbial clauses)
Ví dụ: I won't leave until he answers my question
I will call him once I have finished my job
B Mệnh đề quan hệ
Đại từ quan hệ chỉ người: who - thay thế cho chủ ngữ, whom - thay thế cho tân ngữ, whose +
N - thay thế cho sở hữu cách
The girl who loves me is a teacher
The girl whom I love is a teacher
The girl whose sister loves me is a teacher
The girl whose sister I love is a teacher
That is the girl who loves me
Đại từ quan hệ chỉ vật: which - thay thế cho cả chủ ngữ và tân ngữ, whose / of which – thay
thế cho sở hữu cách
The language which we are learning is the most popular in the world (which là tân ngữ)
We are learning the language which is the most popular in the world (which là chủ ngữ)
Ví dụ:
The house is now in bad condition
Its roof was blown off by the hurricane is now in bad condition
> The house whose roof / the roof of which was blown off by the hurricane is now in bad condition
That: dùng cho cả người và vật, thay thế cho cả chủ ngữ và tân ngữ
Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn: (Restrictive relative clause) và Mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn:
(Non-restrictive relative clause)
Mệnh đề quan hệ giới hạn: The man who / that invented the steam engine was a Scottish
scientist
Mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn: James Watt, who invented the steam engine, was a Scottish
scientist > không được thay “who” bằng “that”
Trang 2Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
That không được thay thế cho sở hữu cách: whose, of which
The man whom / that we are talking about is my teacher
The man about whom we are talking is my teacher Cách dùng này trang trọng hơn
(Khi đưa giới từ lên trước đại từ quan hệ thì không dùng “that” được.)
Dùng mệnh đề quan hệ không giới hạn trong các trường hợp sau:
- Danh từ riêng (Proper noun)
- Tính từ sở hữu + Danh từ (Ví dụ: my teacher, my little )
- Tính từ chỉ định: that table
II Bài về nhà
Combine the following pairs of sentences
1 Some people live in HongKong They earn a lot of money
2 Well, They said they want a pay rise It is unreasonable
3 We often go to visit our friends in Shekou It is quite near ferry
4 Who was that lady? I saw you with last night
5 Where do those guys come from? You borrowed their car
6 Our boss had a heart attack last week He hasn’t been back to work since
7 That's the man I got the bag from him yesterday
8 Economics is a subject I am very interested in it
9 This is Joanne I gave my notes to her
10 The friend spoke French Jim was travelling with him
11 The ladder began to slip Tom was standing on it
12 This is the city I was born in this city
13 Paul is fitter than you I play tennis with him on weekends
14 The woman said the machine was very good Jim bought the machine from her
15 The chair is in bad shape You are sitting on it
16 She worked for a man The man used to be an athlete
17 They called a lawyer The lawyer lived nearby
18 I sent an email to my brother My brother lives in Australia
19 The customer liked the waitress The waitress was very friendly
20 We broke the computer The computer belonged to my father
21 I dropped a glass The glass was new
22 She loves books The books have happy endings
23 They live in a city The city is in the north of England
24 The man is in the garden The man is wearing a blue jumper
25 The girl works in a bank The girl is from India
26 My sister has three children My sister lives in Australia
27 The waiter was rude The waiter was wearing a blue shirt
28 The money is in the kitchen The money belongs to John
29 The table got broken The table was my grandmother’s
30 The television was stolen The television was bought 20 years ago
31 The fruit is on the table The fruit isn’t fresh
32 We ate the fruit I bought the fruit
33 She bought the computer Her brother had recommended the computer
34 He lost the money I had given him the money
35 We called the taxi company Julie often uses the taxi company
Trang 3Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
36 John met a girl I used to employ the girl
37 Lucy called the doctor My mother knows the doctor
38 He brought a woman I used to often meet the woman
39 We employed the lawyer Julie recommended the lawyer
40 The fruit is on the table I bought the fruit
41 The wallet belongs to John Lucy found the wallet in the garden
42 The food was delicious David cooked the food
43 The car was stolen My father gave me the car
44 The man was arrested I reported the man to the police
45 The doctor was right Lucy asked the doctor about her problem
46 The waitress was very pretty My brother dated the waitress
47 The secretary is in the office The boss likes the secretary
KEY
1 Some people who live in HongKong earn a lot of money
2 Well, They said they want a pay rise, which is unreasonable
3 We often go to visit our friends in Shekou, where is quite near ferry
4 Who was that lady, with whom I saw you last night? or Who was that lady, who I saw you with last
night?
5 Where do those guys, whose car you borrowed , come from?
6 Our boss , who had a heart attack last week , hasn’t been back to work since
7 That's the man from whom I got the bag yesterday
8 Economics is a subject in which I am very interested
9 This is Joanne, to whom I gave my notes
10 The friend with whom Jim was travelling spoke French
11 The ladder on which Tom was standing began to slip
12 This is the city in which I was born
13 Paul, which whom I play tennis on weekends , is fitter than you
14 The woman from whom Jim bought the machine said the machine was very good
15 The chair on which you are sitting is in bad shape
16 She worked for a man who / that used to be an athlete
17 They called a lawyer who / that lived nearby
18 I sent an email to my brother who / that lives in Australia
19 The customer liked the waitress who / that was very friendly
20 We broke the computer which / that belonged to my father
21 I dropped a glass which / that was new
22 She loves books which / that have happy endings
23 They live in a city which / that is in the north of England
24 The man who / that is wearing a blue jumper is in the garden
25 The girl who / that is from India works in a bank
26 My sister who / that lives in Australia has three children
27 The waiter who / that was wearing a blue shirt was rude
28 The money which / that belongs to John is in the kitchen
29 The table which / that was my grandmother’s got broken
30 The television which / that was bought 20 years ago was stolen
Trang 4Moon.vn Cô VŨ MAI PHƯƠNG – KHÓA NGỮ PHÁP
31 The fruit which / that isn’t fresh is on the table
32 We ate the fruit (which / that) I bought
33 She bought the computer(which / that) her brother had recommended
34 He lost the money (which / that) I had given him
35 We called the taxi company (which / that) Julie often uses
36 John met a girl (who / that) I used to employ
37 Lucy called the doctor (who / that) my mother knows
38 He brought a woman (who / that) I used to often meet
39 We employed the lawyer (who / that) Julie recommended
40 The fruit (which / that) I bought is on the table
41 The wallet (which / that) Lucy found in the garden belongs to John
42 The food (which / that) David cooked was delicious
43 The car (which / that) my father gave me was stolen
44 The man (who / that) I reported to the police was arrested
45 The doctor (who / that) Lucy asked about her problem was right
46 The waitress (who / that) my brother dated was very pretty
47 The secretary (who / that) the boss likes is in the office