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SpanishPod101.com Learn Spanish with FREE Podcasts

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Spanish

BEATRIZ ¡Hola!

JOSÉ ¡Hola! Buenos días

BEATRIZ ¿Cómo estás?

JOSÉ Yo estoy bien ¿Y tú?

BEATRIZ Yo estoy muy bien Gracias

English

JOSÉ Hi Good morning

BEATRIZ How are you?

JOSÉ I am well And you?

BEATRIZ I am very well Thanks

Spanish

BEATRIZ ¡Hola!

JOSÉ ¡Hola! Buenos días

BEATRIZ ¿Cómo está?

JOSÉ Yo estoy bien ¿Y usted?

BEATRIZ Yo estoy muy bien Gracias

English

BEATRIZ Hello

JOSÉ Hello Good morning

BEATRIZ How are you, Sir?

JOSÉ I am well And you, Ma'am?

BEATRIZ I am very well Thanks

Vocabulary

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cómo how interrogative adverb

gracias thanks, thank you exclamation

Vocabulary Sample Sentences

Hola, ¿cómo esta ud? "Hi, how are you?" (formal)

Buenos días. "Good morning."

Es un día bonito. "It's a nice day."

¿Cómo se llama usted? "What's your name?" (formal)

Están bien. "They are fine."

Yo estoy feliz. "I am happy."

Gracias por venir. "Thank you for coming."

Grammar Points

The verb "estar" means 'to be' It is used all the time in the Spanish language, so it is a good idea tolearn it right from the beginning Whenever we learn a verb, we always will study it in the FirstPerson, Second Person and Third Person And we will also study it in the Singular and the Plural.Today, we're going to look at the First, Second and Third Persons in the Singular

First Person Singular: "yo estoy" ( I am)

Second Person Singular: "tú estás" (you are, informally)

Third Person Singular: "él está" (he is), "ella está" (she is), "usted está" (you are, formal), and "está" (it is, impersonal).

When we break down a verb in this way, we call it a conjugation We will learn more about the

conjugations in future lessons Today, we have learned the First, Second and Third persons for theSingular conjugation of the Present Tense in the Indicative Mood

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Cultural Insight

Spanish is a language that stretches across the globe Originating in Spain, from the Castilian dialect

of Vulgar Latin, it is today the official language of 20 countries In Central America, there is CostaRica, Cuba, the Dominican Republic, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Mexico, Nicaragua, Panamaand Puerto Rico In South America, it is spoken in Argentina, Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador,Paraguay, Peru, Uruguay and Venezuela In Africa, it is the official language of Equatorial Guinea Inaddition to these, it is spoken a great deal in Canada, Morocco, the Philippines, and the United States

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Spanish

JOSÉ ¿Cómo están Claudia y usted?

BEATRIZ Nosotras estamos bien

JOSÉ ¿Y cómo están Cristina y Javier?

BEATRIZ Ellos están bien también

English

JOSÉ How are you, Ma\\'am, and Claudia?

BEATRIZ We are well

JOSÉ And how are Cristina and Javier?

BEATRIZ They are well too

Spanish

JOSÉ ¿Cómo están Claudia y tú?

BEATRIZ Nosotras estamos bien

JOSÉ ¿Y cómo están Cristina y Javier?

BEATRIZ Ellos también están bien

English

JOSÉ How are you and Claudia?

BEATRIZ We are well

JOSÉ And how are Cristina and Javier?

BEATRIZ They are well too

Vocabulary

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y and coordinating conjunctionnosotros, -as we personal pronoun

también also, as well, too adverb

¡qué bueno! Great! How Great! exclamation

Tú y yo somos amigos. You and I are friends

Nosotros estamos presentes. We are present

Hablo español también. "I speak Spanish as well."

¡Qué bueno verte! How great to see you!

Grammar Points

The verb "estar" means "to be" Last lesson, we looked at "I am", "you are", "(s)he is" These arecalled the First, Second and Third Person Singular, conjugated in the Present Tense of the IndicativeMood Today, we will look at the corresponding plural forms

First Person Plural: "nosotros estamos." (We are.)

Second Person Plural: "vosotros estáis" (You all are, informal.)

Third Person Plural: "ellos están" (they are, masculine)

Third Person Plural: "ellas están" (they are, feminine)

Third Person Plural: "ustedes están" (you all are, formal)

In Latin America, the form, "ustedes están", takes the places of "vosotros estáis" So there, the formal and informal second person plural is always "ustedes están" Again, this is only so in Latin America.

In Spain, the second person plural, "vosotros", is reserved for informal forms of address; and the thirdperson plural, "ustedes", for formal

Cultural Insight

In Spanish, there are "formal" and "informal" ways of saying things This happens quite a lot in

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speaking to other people There is the formal way of saying "You" ("usted"), and there is the informal

way: "tú" Both of them mean "you", but the formal way shows respect for the person being spoken

to, and the informal way shows confidence in the person being spoken to The form of address,

"usted", is used in business, with acquaintances and with people older than we are In general, it's usedwith people whom we don't know well or whom we want to treat with noticeable respect The form ofaddress, "tú", is used with friends, with people to whom you need not show respect, because it italready implicit Also, remember that these personal pronouns are often omitted, because the "person"

is implicit in the ending of the verb Pronouns are included frequently to distinguish one person fromanother, when there could otherwise be confusion

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Spanish

CÉSAR ¿Quién es usted?

AMANDA Yo soy Amanda ¿Y usted?

CÉSAR Yo soy César Soy músico

AMANDA ¡Qué bueno! Yo soy profesora

CÉSAR ¡Qué interesante!

English

CÉSAR Who are you, Ma\\'am?

AMANDA I am Amanda And you, Sir?

CÉSAR I am Cesar I am a musician

AMANDA Great! I am a teacher

CÉSAR How interesting!

Spanish

CÉSAR ¿Quién eres tú?

AMANDA Yo soy Amanda ¿Y tú?

CÉSAR Yo soy César Soy músico

AMANDA ¡Qué bueno! Yo soy profesora

CÉSAR ¡Qué interesante!

Click for Entire Lesson Dialogue

English

CÉSAR Who are you?

AMANDA I am Amanda And you?

CÉSAR I am Cesar I am a musician

AMANDA Great! I am a teacher

CÉSAR How interesting!

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Vocabulary

profesor(-ra) teacher, professor nounqué interesante How interesting! exclamation

¿Quién es el padre de Mario? "Who is Mario's father?"

¿Eres de los Estados Unidos? "Are you from the United States?"

Soy profesor. "I am a teacher."

¡Qué interesante el libro! What an interesting book!

First, Second and Third Persons in the Singular:

First Person Singular: "yo soy" ( I am)

Second Person Singular: "tú eres" (you are, informal)

Third Person Singular: "él es" (he is)

Third Person Singular: "ella es" (she is)

Third Person Singular: "usted es" (you are, formal)

Third Person Singular: "es" (it is, impersonal)

Cultural Insight

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Latin America is a continent diverse in cultural heritage The Amerindians, which refers to all natives

of the Americas, have a strong presence in Central and South America In countries like Bolivia andPeru, the Amerindian population makes up the majority It was in the territory of these countries thatthe Inkan, Mayan and Aztec empires flourished, and where there were numerous other civilizationsbeforehand Largely colonized by the Spanish and Portuguese, people of these ancestries make up themajority of European descendants Other immigrant populations in Latin America include Chinese,Italian, German, Croatian, and Japanese Over time, immigrant and native populations have mixed,creating multiple new ethnic groups, of which all can be called "criollo" (creole)

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Spanish

LUISA ¿Quiénes son ustedes?

ANTONIO Nosotros somos amigos de Gabriel

LUISA ¿De dónde son ustedes?

ANTONIO Nosotros somos de Nueva York

LUISA ¡La gran manzana!

English

LUISA Who are you all?

ANTONIO We are friends of Gabriel

LUISA Where are you from?

ANTONIO We are from New York

LUISA The big apple!

Spanish

Luisa ¿Quiénes sois vosotros?

Antonio Nosotros somos amigos de Gabriel

Luisa ¿De dónde sois vosotros?

Antonio Nosotros somos de Nueva York

Luisa ¡La gran manzana!

English

LUISA Who are you guys?

ANTONIO We are friends of Gabriel

LUISA Where are you guys from?

ANTONIO We're from New York

LUISA The big apple!

Vocabulary

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Spanish

3

English

3

Class

ustedes you all, informal personal pronoun

¿Quiénes son ellos? Who are they?

Ustedes hablan bien. You all speak well

Ustedes son amigos. You all are friends

Soy de Nueva York. I am from New York

Las manzanas están buenas. The apples are good

Grammar Points

The verb "ser" means "to be" We started looking at this in Newbie Lesson 3, where we focused onthe first, second and third person singular Today, we'll continue by looking at the first, second and

third person plural Remember, the verb "ser" is generally used with permanent kinds of being, such

as that of origin, profession, nationality, etc Let's take a look at the plural conjugation:

First Person Plural: "nosotros somos" (we are)

Second Person Plural: "vosotros sois" (you all are, informal) Third Person Plural: "ellos son" (they are, masculine) Third Person Plural: "ellas son" (they are, femenine) Third Person Plural: "ustedes son" (you all are, formal)

Once again, don't forget that the second person plural is not used in Latin America; instead, the

"ustedes" form, from the third person plural is used in both formal and informal situations

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early 17th century, political independence caught on like a fever throughout the continent Since then,Latin American countries have striven to develop a sense of national identity, which has been

challenged by long-standing internal struggle between Amerindians and Europeans, and betweendifferent cultural groups within the Amerindians themselves

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Spanish

SUSANA ¿De dónde es él?

DAVID Él es de Inglaterra

SUSANA ¿De dónde es ella?

DAVID Ella es de los Estados Unidos

SUSANA Ella está contenta, ¿no?

English

SUSANA Where is he from?

DAVID He\\'s from England

SUSANA Where is she from?

DAVID She\\'s from the United States

SUSANA She\\'s happy, isn\\'t she?

Spanish

SUSANA ¿De dónde es él?

DAVID Él es de Inglaterra

SUSANA ¿De dónde es ella?

DAVID Ella es de los Estados Unidos

SUSANA Ella está contenta, ¿no?

English

SUSANA Where is he from?

DAVID He's from England

SUSANA Where is she from?

DAVID She's from the United States

SUSANA She's happy, isn't she?

Vocabulary

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de dónde from where interrogative adverbial

phrase

Estados Unidos United States nouncontento, -a happy adjective

¿De dónde es usted? (Where are you from?)

Él es Martín (He is Martin.)

Ella es guapa (She is pretty.)

Soy de inglaterra (I'm from England.)

Ella es de los Estados Unidos (She is from the

United States.)

Nosotros estamos contentos (We are happy.)

Grammar Points

Ser vs Estar

We have said that "ser" tends to refer to permanent states of being, and "estar" to temporary

conditions of being Now, let's look at how the meaning of a sentence changes, when only the verbs

"ser" and "estar" are interchanged:

"Tomás está aburrido." (Thomas looks bored.]

"Tomás es aburrido." (Thomas is boring.]

Notice how the verb "está" takes on the temporary condition of being bored; while the "es" refers tohim being boring The same occurs in the following:

"El pollo está rico." (The chicken tastes delicious.)

"El pollo es rico." (Chicken is delicious.)

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Again, you can see how "estar" refers to 'this time' The chicken "está" delicious means that this time

it came out good The chicken "es" delicious means that it is delicious in general

Cultural Insight

The countries of Chile, Peru and Bolivia have long disputed the border that lies in northern Chile,coastal Bolivia and southern Peru In a dispute over taxes on Chilean nitrate companies, Boliviadeclared war on Chile, bringing with them their ally, Peru In the War of the Pacific (1879-1883),Chile seized what was then coastal Bolivia Since then, these national crossroads have never beenwithout dispute Just recently, Chile declared their rights to fishing waters off the coast of southernPeru, kindling the animosity In the town of Arica, in northern Chile, just a few miles from thePeruvian border, a giant statue of Christ faces south, which in the opinion of many Peruvians was abackhanded gesture of disrespect, as they have made Christ turn his back on Peru

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Spanish

DIEGO ¿Por qué está usted en Ecuador?

ANN Yo estoy en Ecuador para trabajar

DIEGO ¿Qué tipo de trabajo tiene usted?

DIEGO ¡Ah, usted es científica!

English

DIEGO Why are you here, Ma\\'am?

ANN I am in Ecuador to work

DIEGO What kind of job do you have, Ma\\'am?

ANN I am a biologist

DIEGO Ah, you Ma\\'am are a scientist!

Spanish

DIEGO ¿Por qué estás en Ecuador?

ANN Yo estoy en Ecuador para trabajar

DIEGO ¿Qué tipo de trabajo tienes?

DIEGO ¡Ah, eres científica!

English

DIEGO Why are you here?

ANN I'm in Ecuador to work

DIEGO What kind of job do you have?

ANN I'm a biologist

DIEGO Ah, you're a scientist!

Vocabulary

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por qué why interrogative pronounpara for, in order to preposition

científico, -a scientist noun

¿Por qué no trabajas? "Why don't you work?"

Este programa es para hacer diseño. "This program is for doing design."

A mí no me gusta trabajar en este restaurante. "I do not like to work in this restaurant."

¿Qué tipo de música le gusta escuchar? "What type of music do you like to listen to?"

Ella tiene amigas. She has girlfriends

Ella es científica. She is a scientist

Grammar Points

"ser" vs "estar"

In Newbie Lesson 5, we saw how a sentence can take either "ser" or "estar" and still be complete andcorrect, except that its meaning can change, sometimes not in our favor Today, let's focus in a littlecloser on how to distinguish the usages of these two verbs from one another The verb "ser" expresses

an intrinsic, natural or permanent quality or condition

"The verb "estar" expresses an impermanent quality or characteristic or the result of an action orprocess

1) "Angela está nerviosa." (Angela is nervous.)

Notice how "nerviosa" (nervous) here is an impermanent quality This means that Angela is not

usually nervous, but something has caused this temporary feeling to come over her

2) "Angela es nerviosa." (Angela is high-strung.)

Here, "nerviosa" (high-strung) is a permanent quality Angela has a problem with her nerves and this

nervous behavior is something that she deals with on a daily basis

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1) "Miguel está débil." (Miguel is weak.)

In this case, "débil" (weak) is an impermanent quality, which is to say that Miguel's health is usually

better than it is now He is usually strong, but he may be under the weather or injured

2) "Miguel es débil." (Miguel is a weakling.)

Now, "débil" (weakling) expresses a permanent quality Miguel has a small physique and has little

muscle mass He has never been strong and is unlikely to every be strong

Cultural Insight

During the l820's, the people inhabiting the Rio de la Plata and surrounding areas (what is nowArgentina, Brazil and Uruguay) embarked on an endeavor to forcefully define the boundaries of whatwas then the United Provinces of the Rio de la Plata (Argentina) and the Brazilian Empire in theArgentina-Brazil War The dispute was inherited from the colonizing countries of Spain and Portugal.The conflict precipitated the raising of arms, in which the United Provinces of the Rio de la Platafaced off against the Brazilian Empire until the Treaty of Montevideo was signed, granting Uruguayits independence

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Spanish

SRA ROSSI ¿De qué país es usted?

SR GUTIERREZ Yo soy estadounidense ¿Y usted, de qué país?

SRA ROSSI Yo soy argentina

SR GUTIERREZ ¿De qué ciudad es usted?

SRA ROSSI Yo soy de Mendoza

English

MRS ROSSI What country are you from, Sir?

MR GUTIERREZ I am American And you Ma\\'am, what country?

MRS ROSSI I am Argentine

MR GUTIERREZ What city are you from, Ma\\'am?

MRS ROSSI I am from Mendoza

Spanish

SRA ROSSI ¿De qué país eres tú?

SR GUTIERREZ Yo soy estadounidense ¿Y tú, de qué país?

SRA ROSSI Yo soy argentina

SR GUTIERREZ ¿De qué ciudad eres tú?

SRA ROSSI Yo soy de Mendoza

English

MRS ROSSI What country are ya' from?

MR GUTIERREZ I'm American And you, what country?

MRS ROSSI I'm Argentine

MR GUTIERREZ What city are ya' from?

MRS ROSSI I'm from Mendoza

Vocabulary

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qué what adjective, pronoun

de qué from what, from which interrogative adjectival

phrase

estadounidense American adjective, masc & fem

nounargentino, -a Argentine adjective, masc & fem

noun

¿Qué tienes? "What do you have?"

¿De qué país eres? What country are you from?

¿En qué país vives? "What country do you live in?"

El es estadounidense. He's American

Ellos son argentinos. They are Argentine

La ciudad es grande. The city is large

Grammar Points

When the question "¿de qué país eres?" (What country are you from) is asked, the response cancontain the adjectival form of the country, instead of the noun form For example, I may respond "soyestadounidense" (I am American) or "soy de los Estados Unidos) In Spanish, the name of the country

is used with the initial letter capitalized, and the adjectival form of the countries (i.e the nationalities)

is completely in lowercase Here is a list of some countries with their corresponding adjectives:

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Cultural Insight

As a result of economic and political instability in years past, many Latinos have come to the UnitedStates in search of safety and work As of now, there are about 41.3 million Latinos living in theUnited States About 2 million small businesses in America are owned by Latinos, and these bring in

$300 billion in gross annual income It is also worth mentioning that about half of the Latinos living

in the United States (41.3 million) have family members still living in Latin American countries.Having this perspective, it is not difficult to foresee the imminent need to learn Spanish as anAmerican

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Spanish

GUSTAVO ¡Tengo mucha sed!

JAIME Yo también tengo sed

GUSTAVO ¿Quiere usted una bebida?

JAIME Sí, quiero tomar un jugo

English

GUSTAVO I am quite thirsty!

JAIME I am thirsty too

GUSTAVO Do you want a drink, Sir?

JAIME Yes, I want to drink a juice

Spanish

GUSTAVO ¡Tengo mucha sed!

JAIME Yo también tengo sed

GUSTAVO ¿Quieres una bebida?

JAIME Sí, quiero tomar un jugo

English

GUSTAVO I'm really thirsty!

JAIME I'm thirsty too

GUSTAVO Do ya' want a drink?

JAIME Yeah, I wanna' drink a juice

Vocabulary

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mucho much, a lot adjective

un, -a a, some indefinite article

Mucha gente trabaja en la ciudad. "Many people work in the city."

Quiero un jugo. I want a juice

Ella bebe jugo. She drinks juice

No quiero eso. "I don't want that."

Grammar Points

To express the verb "to drink" in Spanish, we generally use "tomar" in Latin America and "beber" in

Spain; however, "beber" would be understood in either place Here are the Present Tense conjugations

in the Indicative Mood for both verbs in the Singular and Plural:

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yo tomo

(I drink)

yo bebo(I drink)

(she drinks)

ella bebe(she drinks)usted toma

(you drink, form.)

(you all drink, form.)

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Cultural Insight

In Latin America, fresh juice abounds Due to the large amount of fresh fruit grown on the steppe ofthe Andes and in tropical areas, such as the Central American rain forest and in the Amazon RiverBasin, fruit is cheap and of the highest quality, just about everywhere you go in Latin America.Usually, it is simply prepared with a little bottled water and a touch of sugar, if necessary, in ablender Common fresh fruit juices include "piña" (pineapple), "papaya" (papaya), "carambola" (starfruit), tuna (prickly pear), "maracuyá" (passion fruit), "melón" (cantaloupe), "fresa" (strawberry) and

"naranja" (orange)

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Spanish

MARÍA ¡Tengo hambre!

HECTOR Sí, yo también Quiero almorzar

ALEJANDRO ¡Qué bueno! Para el almuerzo, tenemos curanto

MARÍA ¡Qué rico es el curanto!

HECTOR ¡Tengo ganas de comer!

English

MARÍA I\\'m hungry

HECTOR Yeah, me too I want to have lunch

ALEJANDRO Great! For lunch we have Curanto

MARÍA How delicious Curanto is!

HECTOR I feel like eating

Spanish

MARÍA ¡Tengo hambre!

HECTOR Sí, yo también Quiero almorzar

ALEJANDRO ¡Qué bueno! Para el almuerzo, tenemos curanto

MARÍA ¡Qué rico es el curanto!

HECTOR ¡Tengo ganas de comer!

English

MARÍA I'm hungry

HECTOR Yeah, me too I want to have lunch

ALEJANDRO Great! For lunch we have Curanto

MARÍA How delicious Curanto is!

HECTOR I feel like eating

Vocabulary

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almorzar to have lunch, to eat lunch verb

qué rico how delicious exclamationtener ganas to feel like, to have the urge

to

verbal phrase

Ella tiene hambre. "She is hungry."

Nosotros almorzamos pollo. (We have chicken for lunch.)

¿Qué quieres para el almuerzo? What do you want for lunch?

¡Qué rico es el jugo! How delicious juice is!

Tengo ganas de comer. I feel like eating

Comí un arroz chaufa bien taypá. "I ate oodles of fried rice."

Ellos comen mucho. "They eat a lot."

Grammar Points

The verb "tener" means "to have" in the genitive sense of possession However, it is often used in 'set

phrases' or 'idiomatic expression', and when it is, it takes on new meanings Below, you will find someexamples of these phrases, with translations that highlight the meaning:

tener hambre (to be hungry)

[i.e "Yo tengo hambre." I am hungry.]

tener sed (to be thirsty)

[i.e "Ella tiene sed." She is thirsty.]

tener ganas de (to feel like)

[i.e "Nosotros tenemos ganas de comer." We feel like eating.]

tener frío (to be cold)

[i.e "Vosotros tenéis frío." You all are cold.]

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tener calor (to be hot)

[i.e "Ustedes tienen calor." You all are hot.]

tener ansias (to be anxious)

[i.e "Tú tienes ansias." You are anxious.]

tener miedo (to be affraid)

[i.e "Él tiene miedo." He is afraid.]

So you can see that 'having' in Spanish often expresses 'being', even though the verb "tener" does notchange These expressions are common, and it's valuable to pick up on them at this early stage of theprocess, as they will be encountered frequently

If it seems strange to think of "tener" as "to have", you only need to consider the words "retain",

"maintain", "attain", "obtain", "contain", "abstain" and "sustain" and notice that their root is common

with "tener" This is due to the fact that all of these words can be traced back etymologically to theLatin verb "tenere"

Cultural Insight

The Pan-American Highway ends on the island of Chiloé, where the archipelagos begin to form in thesouthern direction of Tierra del Fuego It is there that the famous Curanto is traditionally preparedwith the abundant shellfish caught locally and consumed fresh daily Traditionally, Curanto is made

by filling a large stock-pot with mussels, clams, crabs, prawns, smoked pork ribs, chicken, potatoes,onions, garlic and a bottle of white wine Rocks are heated until they are red and then removed fromthe fire and placed in a hole in the ground The pot is set upon it to cook slowly for a few hours Theshellfish, meat and potatoes are placed on a platter and everyone is served a mug of the rich, sulphurybroth

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Spanish

RENZO ¡Lucía, me muero de hambre!

LUCÍA Yo también tengo mucha hambre, Renzo

RENZO ¿Qué quiere comer usted?

LUCÍA Yo quiero comer carne

REZNO Con la carne quiero tomar un vino tinto

LUCÍA Yo tengo un Malbec

English

RENZO Lucía, I am starving!

LUCÍA I am really hungry too, Renzo

RENZO What do you want to eat, ma\\'am?

LUCÍA I want to eat meat

REZNO With the meat, I want to drink red wine

LUCÍA I have a Malbec

Spanish

RENZO ¡Lucía, me muero de hambre!

LUCÍA Yo también tengo mucha hambre, Renzo

RENZO ¿Qué quieres comer tú?

LUCÍA Yo quiero comer carne

REZNO Con la carne quiero tomar un vino tinto

LUCÍA Yo tengo un Malbec

English

RENZO Lucía, I'm starving!

LUCÍA I'm really hungry too, Renzo

RENZO What do ya' wanna' eat?

LUCÍA I wanna' eat meat

REZNO With the meat, I wanna' drink red wine

LUCÍA I have a Malbec

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Vocabulary

me muero de hambre I'm starving set phrase

tinto red, dyed adjective

Quiero comer Me muero de hambre (I want to eat.

I'm starving.)

Comemos carne (We eat meat.)

La carne está rica. The meat is delicious

Voy al restaurante con mi hermano (I'm going to

the restaurant with my brother.)

Quiero tomar vino (I want to drink wine.)

Tomamos vino tinto (We drink red wine.)

Grammar Points

In the Spanish language, like in most languages, there are many expressions associated with beinghungry You will find that these expressions are quite playful and fun to use when speaking withothers

Many of them are figurative, which means that we can't translate them literally Observe the followinglist of Spanish expressions, literal English translations and then figurative English translations:

Yo tengo hambre (I have hunger.) [I'm hungry.]

Yo me muero de hambre (I'm dying of hunger.) [I'm starving.]

Yo tengo un hambre canino (I have a canine hunger.) [I'm as hungry as a dog.]

Yo estoy hambriento (I'm famished.) [I'm famished.]

You can see that only the last expressions' literal translation coincides with the figurative translation.For this reason, it's important to memorize the figurative expressions

Also, a little reflection and observation will tell us that exaggerations with expressions of hunger (andwith those of food in general) are extremely common That being said, many of these figurativeexpressions have be interchanged regularly in informal situations

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