A worksheet by Viv Quarry www.vivquarry.com In formal written English there are virtually no differences between British and American English and it is often impossible to tell if a docu
Trang 1A worksheet by Viv Quarry (www.vivquarry.com)
In formal written English there are virtually no differences between British and American English and
it is often impossible to tell if a document was written in Britain or the United States. However, in spoken English the differences become clear, primarily through accent, and then through the various features listed below:
The differences between British and American English can summarized in the following four
categories:
1. Grammatical differences
2. Differences in pronunciation
3. Spelling differences
4. Differences in vocabulary
1. Grammatical differences
In American English the simple past is often preferred where the present perfect would be used
in Britain particularly when giving news of recent events
(US) He just went home (UK) He's just gone home
Americans use 'have sth' for states and actions, while in British English 'have got sth' is used for states like possession, illness and relationships
(US) Do you have a problem? (UK) Have you got a problem?
The past participle of 'got' in American English is 'gotten'. In British English, the past participle
is the same as the past form
(US) She's just gotten a raise . (UK) She's just got a raise
burn, dream, lean, learn, smell, spell, spill and spoil are regular in American English, but often spelt ending in a 't' in British English in both the past and past participle forms
(US) burned, dreamed, leaned, learned, smelled, spelled, spilled and spoiled
(UK) burnt, dreamt, leant, learnt, smelt, spelt, spilt and spoilt
fit, quit and wet are regular in British English, but in American English past and past participle forms are the same as the infinitive
(US) He fit the new carpet (UK) He fitted the new carpet
Other verbs which are different are:
Infinitive Past Past participle
(US) wake waked waked
Trang 225/2/2016 UK v USA English
(UK) wake woke woken
(US) dive dove dived
(UK) dive dived dived
'In informal American English 'already' can be used in questions. British English uses 'yet'
(US) Have you done it already? (UK) Have you done it yet?
In informal American English, adverbs are sometimes used without the 'ly' ending
(US) He looked at me real strange. (UK) He looked at me really strangely
2. Differences in pronunciation
The differences in pronunciation between Britain and America can only be generalized as there are many different regional accents in both countries. Nevertheless, here are some of the main differences between standard British and American English
Stressed vowel sounds are usually lengthened in American English
(US) hello /halaow/ (UK) hello /halow/
Vowels are often nasalized in American English (air comes out through the nose and mouth at the same time)
(US) mummy /mmaaimmi/ (UK) mummy /mumi/
The /o/ sound is pronounced more like an /a/ sound in American English, and the /a/ sound is usually pronounced using the back of the mouth in British English and the front of the mouth in American English
(US) pot /part/ (UK) pot /pot/
(US) can't /cairnt/, fast /fairst/, glass /glairs/, staff /stairf/, after /airfta/, example /egzairmpl/
(UK) can't /carnt/, fast /farst/, glass /glars/, staff /starf/, after /arfta/, example /egzampl/
In American English 't' in middle position is often pronounced as a 'd'
(US) writer /rida/ (UK) writer /raita/
In British English, 'r' is only pronounced before a vowel. In American English it is pronounced
in all positions
(US) car /kair/, turn /teurn/, offer /arfur/ (UK) car /ku/, turn /tun/, after /arfta/
Before 'u' and 'ew', the British pronounce 'n' as /ñ/, d as /dj/ and 't' as /ch/. Americans pronounce them as they are written
(US) new /nuw/, duke /dewk/, tune /toown/ (UK) new /ñuw/, duke /djewk/, tune /tchoon/
Words ending in 'tile' are pronounced /tiyl/ in British English and /til/ in American English
(US) fertile /fertil/, reptile /reptil/, futile /fewtil/ (UK) fertile /fertiyl/, reptile /reptiyl/
Trang 3(US) borough /burow/, thorough /thurow/ (UK) borough /buruh/, thorough /thuruh/
NOTE! THE WORDS BETWEEN SLASHES (IN BOLD) ARE WRITTEN PHONETICALLY AND ARE NOT SPELT CORRECTLY!
3. Spelling differences
In American English final 'l' is not usually doubled if it is not stressed
(US) traveler, leveling (UK) traveller, levelling
Some words end in 'ter' in American English and 'tre' in British English
(US) theater, center, meter (UK) theatre, centre, metre
Some words end in 'or' in American English and 'our' in British English
(US) labor, honor, color (UK) labour, honour, colour
Some words end in 'og' in America and 'ogue' in Britain
(US) catalog, dialog, analog (UK) catalogue, dialogue, analogue
The common suffix for a verb in the USA is ~ize. In Britain, it can be either ~ize or ~ise
(US) realize (UK) realize or realise
Some individual words are spelt differently
schedule)
Trang 425/2/2016 UK v USA English
3. Vocabulary differences
(Adapted from the internet http://pages.prodigy.com/NY/NYC/britspk/main.html) Words which have two distinct meanings in Britain and America
Braces Wire device worn to straighten teeth Straps worn to hold up trousers (US,
suspenders)
Chips Thin wafers of potato Fried rectangles of potato
Cider Nonalcoholic beverage made from apples Alcoholic beverage made from apples
Cot Small, collapsible bed Small bed for a baby (US, crib)
Decorator Person whose job is to plan the decorations for
homes and offices
Person whose job is to paint homes and offices
Faggot Rude word for a homosexual man 1. Sausage patty, 2. Sticks of wood
tied together and used to start a fire
Garden Plot of land used to cultivate flowers or vegetables
(UK allotment)
Plot of grass adjacent to a house (US, yard)
Gas Fuel for cars (a liquid) Fuel used in cooking (a gas)
Hamper Large basket for dirty clothing (clothes hamper) Large basket for food (picnic hamper)
Hump (Vulgar slang) Have sex with Carry a heavy object
Inside Lane Lane nearest center of road Lane nearest side of road
Jumper Sleeveless dress worn over a blouse Knitted pullover (US, sweater)
Trang 53. Prepare hastily Lemonade Non carbonated beverage and sugar Carbonated beverage
One way Ticket in one direction (UK= single) A street where you can drive in one
direction Overalls Loose fitting trousers with a bib front and shoulder
straps
Outer garment worn to protect clothes
(US, kerosene) Pavement Paved surface of a road Paved walkway beside a road (US=
sidewalk)
Poof Exclamation used to express that something has
happened suddenly or magically
Rude word for a homosexual man
Precinct City district, for electoral or police administration
purposes
Pedestrian shopping area
Punter Person who kicks the ball in American football Customer or gambler
Purse Where a woman keeps everything essential
(UK=handbag)
Where a woman keeps her money
Robin Larger bird; symbol of Spring Smaller bird; symbol of Christmas
Shorts Worn under trousers Worn during sport or at the beach
Stove The whole cooker Part of a cooker for heating water or
frying things
Trang 625/2/2016 UK v USA English
Stuffed Full from overeating Part of a rude expression: "Get
stuffed!"
Suspenders Straps worn to hold up trousers (UK= braces) Straps worn to hold up a woman's
stockings
Vest Garment worn over a shirt (UK= waistcoat) Garment worn under a shirt
Wash up Wash hands and face Wash dishes after a meal
Words which mean different things in the USA and the UK
Attorney Barister, Solicitor
Automobile (Motor) Car
Call collect Reverse charges
Trang 7Cotton candy Candy floss
Crosswalk Pedestrian crossing
Cuffs Turn ups (on trousers)
Divided highway Dual carriageway
Drug store Chemist('s)
Duplex Semi detached house
Faculty Staff (of a university)
Fender Wing or Bumper (car)
Freeway / Expressway Motorway
Garbage can Dustbin, rubbish bin
Garbage collector Dustman
Gear shift Gear lever (car)
Ground round Best mince
Intermission Interval (entertainment)
Intersection Crossroads
Lightening bug Glow worm
Liquor store Off licence
Trang 825/2/2016 UK v USA English
Mailman, mail carrier Postman
One way Single (ticket)
Patrolman Constable (policeman)
Pavement Surface (road)
Potato chips Crisps
Private hospital Nursing home
Railroad (car) Railway (carriage)
Rest room (Public) Toilet
Round trip Return (ticket)
Sneakers Tennis or training shoes
Spool of thread Reel of cotton
Trang 9Station wagon Estate car
Sweater Jumper, jersey, pullover
Teeter totter See saw
Traffic circle Roundabout
Trashcan Dust bin, rubbish bin
Windshield Windscreen (car)
Some phrasal verbs and prepositions are different in British an American English
Trang 1025/2/2016 UK v USA English
Back to vocabulary worksheets
USA v UK English practice exercise
Home