Each NUCLEUS is underlined and in bold capitals in the orthographic version.. Stranding “A term used in some grammars construction, or after the rest of the construction has been moved.
Trang 1SUPREME RULE:
Notice:
Syllables in bold are stressed
Each NUCLEUS is underlined and in bold capitals in the orthographic version They are in bold in the transcriptions, too.
1.
Stranding “A term used in some grammars
construction, or after the rest of the construction has been moved.” Crystal, D (2008)
Blackwell: Oxford
2.
Buttressing means “strengthening.” Speakers may strengthen the preposition so as not to create contrast by stressing the
pronoun
Any word can be
highlighted in the
utterance by
stressing it
1 CITATION
•We’ll di
•Let’s an
2 EMPHAS
•Phonetics is
•We MUST
• Please do
3 S YLIS IC
These are optional The weak form is the norm, but the strong form is possible, too
4 CONTRA AS
Expl cit:
•He was
Impl cit:
•I want to
Sh r q es io on
•A: WAS
5 HEAVY S SE
Negative co t
•You were
Main verbs “d
•We’ll do
•We could
C usative “h
•She’s had
Obl gatio “h
•He has to at
SYNTACTIC GAP:
S RANDING1
Strong, regardless
of whether they
are stressed or not
1 AUXILIAR
I wonder where
What I’m THINK What are you
2 AUXILIAR A: Who can get B: YOU can, if you
Reasons for the use of stro
underlined and in bold capitals in the orthographic version They are in bold in the transcriptions, too
grammars to refer to an element which is left unattached after it
, or after the rest of the construction has been moved.” Crystal, D (2008) A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics.
Speakers may strengthen the preposition so as not to create contrast by stressing the
N:
We’ll discuss the weak forms of ‘THE’
analyse the uses of ‘CAN’
SIS:
ics is THE subject
MUST meet soon
do transcribe REGularly
C
optional The weak form is the norm, but the strong possible,
a First word n the ch nk
•As I SAID | we should FIRE him
As I SAID | we should FIRE him
•Are they HERE?
Are they HERE?
b “But res ing” or “Rhythmic St ength
Pre ositio + pro o n
•I asked QUEStions of her
I asked QUEStions of her
Pro o n + pre ositio + pro o n
•We’ve COOKED them for her
We’ve COOKED them for her
S : “X n t Y” – eleme ts of th same set
He was talking to US, not to THEM
to marry YOU (not your mother)
on n s a d a swer s (contrast on polarity):
it? B: Yes, it WAS
EMANTIC WEIGHT:
t actio s:
weren’t inVITed
d ” & “h ve”: :
do the HOMEwork
We could have some COFfee
ave”:
had her HOUSE painted
ave to”:
to attend CLASses
RIE & P EPOSITIONS: syntactic mov ment
where they ARE (, Dan)
THINKing of is a SECret
are you LOOKing at(, Pam)?
RIE : el psis
get this SATurday off?
can, if you finish your rePORT
Prof Francisco Zabala - 2014
ong forms
underlined and in bold capitals in the orthographic version They are in bold in the transcriptions, too
which is left unattached after it has been moved out of a
A dictionary of linguistics and phonetics
Speakers may strengthen the preposition so as not to create contrast by stressing the
i?k?kh
hening”