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Early Earth and Green-worldEarth has been call the Blue Planet, but it would be just as accurate to call it the Green Planet... • Early Earth and chemical evolution pp: 15-36 • Evident

Early Earth and Green-world

Earth has been call the Blue Planet, but it would

be just as accurate to call it the Green Planet

• Early Earth and chemical evolution (pp: 15-36)

• Evident of life style: stromatolites

• Oxygen and Ozone formation

• Evolution of land plant (pp: 546-551)

• Quiz

Early Earth and Original of Life

• chemical evolution :

+ pattern component: Early in Earth history, simple chemical compounds combine to form more complex carbon – containing substance that accumulated in the Ocean.

carbon – containing substance that accumulated in the Ocean.

+ process component: Complex carbon containing

compounds formed because energy in sunlight and extremely hot water was converted to chemical

energy in the form of new chemical bonds.

Original atmosphere on the Earth

The planet: bombarded

Atmosphere: hydrogen, carbon dioxide…but no free oxygen

Water and the fitness of environment

• The polarity of water molecular results in hydrogen bonding.

• Water is the solvent of life.

• Organisms depend on the cohesion of water molecules

• Water moderate temperature on the Earth.

• Oceans and lakes don’t

freeze because ice floats

Chemical evolution hypothesis

Carbon & molecular diversity of life

• Almost molecules found in organisms contain this atom.

• Variation in carbon skeletons contributes to the diversity of

organic molecules.

• Functional groups contribute to molecular diversity of life.

The important of oxygen

• Need for respiration of living organism

• Made ozone layer.

• Filter UV

Evidences of life: stromatolites

Stromatolites at 3.5 billion

years old

Stromatolite: precipitate sediment (stone, rock) with microorganism

alternating layers of CaCo3 and gelatinous material

Str in 2.4 billion year old rock Str In modern life

Organic or inorganic compounds in deposit

• Morphology of known microoganism that still exist today.

• Compeare structure of ancient and new stromatolites.

• Ratio C 13 and C 12 inside stromatolites

C13 in inorganic limestone and organic life stone

• 3 5 Bya ago,

photosynthetic organisms release O2 to

atmosphere.

• 2.5 Bya ago, enough O2

accumulated

• O2 formed O3 layer

Early life evolved without protective

atmospheric ozone layer

• Prokaryote: 3.5 – 2.2 Bya.

• Eukaryotic life: 2.1 Bya.

• Multicellular Eukaryotic: 1.2 Bya.

• Plants, fungi, animal: 500 Mya.

Green plant

thylakoids

arrangement

photosynthetic pigments

arrangement

similar cell

wall, sperm,

peroxisome

chloroplast

synthesize

starch

Evolution of land plant

First

evidence

of land

plant:

Cuticle,

spore,

sporangia

Morphological innovation:

stomata, vascular tissue, leave

Extensive coal – forming swaps

Both wet and dry

environments blanketed with green plants for the first time

Diversification

of flowering plants

Morphological diversity in land plant

Non-vascular plants

Seedless-vascular plants

Seed plants

Lack vascular tissue

to conduct water

and support (moss)

Have vascular tissue but do not make seed (fern)

Have vascular tissue and make seed

(flowering plant)