Environmental management E363 lecture 14 tools for environmental management

E363 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT Dr.. Nguyen Thi Hoang Lien nguyenthihoanglien@hus.edu.vn LECTURE 14 TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT... Environmental monitoring is used in the preparat

E363 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT

Dr Nguyen Thi Hoang Lien

nguyenthihoanglien@hus.edu.vn

LECTURE 14 TOOLS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL

MANAGEMENT

LAW AND REGULATIONS

• Law on environmental protection 2005

• Environmental strategies and policies

• Environmental plan

• Environmental inspection

• Environmental standard(s)

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TECHNICAL TOOLS

• Environmental monitoring

Describes the processes and activities that need

to take place to characterize and monitor the quality of the environment

Environmental monitoring is used in the preparation of environmental impact assessments

, as well as in many circumstances in which human activities carry a risk of harmful effects on the natural environment In all cases the results of monitoring will be reviewed, analyzed statistically and published

Time and frequency

of monitoring

Records

Data analysis

Data communication

Storage and database management

Monitoring object(s)

Monitoring parameters

Sampling methods

Measuring and analysis methods

Equipments

Statistic analysis Program revision

Monitoring sites

Important sites

• Environmental assessment (EA)

Is a procedure ensuring the environmental implications of decisions are taken into account before the decisions are made

EA can be undertaken for individual projects, such as a dam, motorway, airport or factory (known as Environmental Impact Assessment – EIA) or for public plans or programs (known as Strategic Environmental Assessment – SEA)

EIA is an assessment of the possible positive

or negative impact that a proposed project may have on the environment, together consisting of the environmental, social and economic aspects

SEA is a systematic decision support process, aiming to ensure that environmental and possibly other sustainability aspects are considered effectively in policy, plan and program making

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• Environmental auditing

 Environmental auditing is a general term that can reflect various types or evaluations intended

to identify environmental compliance and

management system implementation gaps, along with related corrective actions

Environmental auditing performs an analogous (similar) function to financial audits

 There are generally two different types of environmental audits: compliance audits and management systems audits

• Life Cycle Analysis (LCA)

LCA is a technique to assess environmental impacts associated with all the stages of a product's life from-cradle-to-grave (i.e., from raw material extraction through materials processing, manufacture, distribution, use, repair and maintenance, and disposal or recycling)

The procedures of life cycle assessment (LCA) are part of the ISO 14000 environmental management standards: in ISO 14040:2006 and 14044:2006

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LEVI’S

• Environmental planning

Is the process of facilitating decision making to carry out development with due consideration given to the natural environmental, social, political, economic and governance factors and provides a holistic frame work to achieve sustainable outcomes

Main elements of environmental planning: social and economic development; urban development; regional development; natural

infrastructure systems; governance frameworks

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ECONOMIC TOOLS

1 Quota

2 Subsidy

3 Bank deposit

4 Environmental fund

5 Eco-label

6 Compensation

LAW ON ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION TAX

(No 57/2010/QH12)

8 Clean Mechanism Development (CDM)

CDM is one of the flexibility mechanisms defined in the Kyoto Protocol (IPCC, 2007) that provides for emissions reduction projects which generate Certified Emission Reduction (CER) units which may be traded

in emissions trading schemes

 The CDM allows industrialized countries to buy CERS and to invest in emission reductions where it is cheapest globally

 CDM projects: energy efficiency, CH4