tài liệu luyện thi B2

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 1 Accountant / əˈkaʊntənt /: kế toán viên

 16 Chef / ʃef/, Cook / kʊk /: đầu bếp

 17 Child day / tʃaɪld deɪ / giáo viên nuôi dạy trẻ

ˌendʒɪˈnɪr / : Kỹ sư phần mềm máy vi tính

 19 Construction worker / kənˈstrʌkʃn ˈwɜːrkər /:

công nhân xây dựng

 20 Custodian / kʌˈstoʊdiən/, Janitor / ˈdʒænɪtər /: người quét dọn

reprɪˈzentətɪv người đại diện của dịch vụ hỗ trợ khách hàng

 22 Data entry clerk / ˈdeɪtə ˈentri klɜːrk /: nhân viên nhập liệu

 23 Delivery person / dɪˈlɪvəri ˈpɜːrsn /: nhân viên giao hàng

Thai Nguyen University School of Foreign Languages English Department

Contents 4

LESSON 1 - GETTING TO KNOW 5

LESSON 2 - EDUCATION 10

LESSON 3 - CUSTOMS, CELEBRATIONS AND HOLIDAYS 19

LESSON 4 - SPORTS AND GAMES 30

LESSON 5 - JOBS AND JOB-HUNTING 41

LESSON 6 – MODERN LIVING 49

LESSON 7 – HEALTH AND LIFESTYLE 60

LESSON 8 – HOME, SWEET HOME 68

LESSON 1 - GETTING TO KNOWSTARTING OFF

Task 1: Discuss these questions with another student.

a How do you generally feel when you meet people for the first time?

b What are the things you want to know about people when you first meet them?

c In your country, what types of questions are OK to ask on first meeting someone? What types

of questions are not OK?

Task 2: Work in pairs Take turns to ask and answer questions about each other's

background Talk about the following.

- where you were born

- where you live now

- where you went to school

- how many brothers and sisters you have

- what you like doing in your free time

- how long you've been learning English

- if you need English for your work

How many similarities and differences are there in

your backgrounds?

Try to use some of the phrases below in your responses

In Korea, it’s OK to ask

someone’s age, so you

know whether to use

formal language.

In Mexico, it’s OK to ask about someone’s religion because some people think it’s too personal.

In Canada, it’s not OK to ask someone’s age because some people don’t like to say how old they are.

Answering personal questions

Well, actually

That's a difficult question but…

I've never given it much thought, but

As a matter of fact, / In fact,…

Generally speaking, I…

Task 3: Make a list of any other questions you could ask your partner about his or

her background Think about your own answers to your questions as well.

SKILLS FOCUS: PROVIDING INFORMATION

Task 4: Below are some possible answers to the questions For each question, decide which you think is the best Give reasons why the other answers are less satisfactory.

1 Do you work or are you a student?

a I work.

b I'm currently studying history at Moscow State University I'm in my second year.

c I work as a dentist in Budapest It's a very rewarding job and I earn good money We get

vast numbers of foreigners coming to get dental treatment in Hungary because it's far cheaper here than in many other countries As well as being cheap, we offer high quality dental care and our patients are always happy with our work I had to study for many years to be a dentist but it was worth it People generally respect you for being a dentist as

it's considered to be a good job, although perhaps it isn't as prestigious as being a doctor I

could have chosen to be a doctor and in fact, this is what my father wanted me to do However, I have some friends who are doctors and they say they work very long hours and can't spend enough time with their families I think I made the right career choice

2 Why did you choose that course or job?

a I didn't choose it.

b I chose it because French was always my best subject at school and I enjoy meeting new

people I thought interpreting would suit me, therefore, as you have to be a good communicator and of course skilled in foreign languages

3 What is the most difficult thing about your studies or job?

Asking for personal information

So, tell me what is.

Could you tell me about ? I’d like to know what… is/would be.

What would you say… is/would be?

Could you describe …?

a I'm not sure Er I would say the most difficult thing is that we have tight deadlines, so

I'll be given a project and then told it's to be completed in one week, which is nowhere near enough time That's difficult but it doesn't stop me enjoying my work

b I don't enjoy attending meetings It's often very boring and the meetings last too long.

Task 5: Listen to two students, Nagwa and Carlos Which question does each of

them answer?

1 What do you most enjoy doing with your friends?

2 Have you ever had the opportunity to really help a friend? How?

3 Would you prefer to spend your holidays with your family or your friends?

4 What’s your happiest childhood memory?

Now listen to them again and say if the following statements are true (T) or false (F).

1 They both give very brief answers

2 They give a few details to support their answers

3 They use a variety of tenses appropriately

4 They speak in a relaxed, natural way

Task 6: Match the questions to the responses in the box below.

1.Do you live with your family or with friends?

2 Do you have any brothers or sisters?

3 Are you a student or do you have a job?

4 Are you interested in football?

5 How do you prefer to travel?

6 Where do you come from?

7 Have you learned any languages other than English?

8 Are birthdays an important event in your country?

9 How do you normally get to college in the morning?

10 What color do you like?

Task 7: Develop the sentences a – j in Task 5 by adding a phrase or sentence 1 – 10

below

1 In fact, I'm not very interested in any kind of sport, to be honest with you

2 because you can see out of the window or read a book but sometimes you have to fly because of the distances involved

3 a long way from the capital city of my country

4 and I study literature I’m in my second year, and I love my college very much because my friends and teachers are really cool It makes learning there lots of fun

5 I studied Spanish at school although I don't remember very much now

6 and it's customary to share a cake or give a card or present

7 I have ten cousins that I grew up with, so I didn't ever feel lonely

8 so I usually buy my clothes in this color as I think it looks fashionable on me

9 as I'm an overseas student studying here for a year

10 and then I catch the express bus - it takes about an hour altogether

Task 8: Work alone Think about how you could answer each of the questions in

Task 5 Then work in pairs and take turns to ask and answer the questions Task 9: Write at least two simple questions about each of the topics below

Example: What type of music do you like listening to?

a No - not at all

b I like the train

c I'm from a small village in the mountains

-d I'm a student,

e Yes, I have.f.Yes, they are,

g No, I'm the only child

h Well, my favourite color is red,

i Actually, I'm staying in a university hall of residence

j I take the train to Central Station

Task 10: With a partner, ask and answer the questions you wrote in Task 8 Give

extra information to elaborate your answers Use the phrases in the list below to help you

I used to…., but now I …

What I like about it is … because…

The great thing about … is …

I suppose most people…

Homework

Read the questions below and think about how you could answer each of the following questions.

1 Are you good at recognizing people you have only met once or twice before?

2 What is the best way for people visiting your country to make friends?

3 Who do you think has had the most influence on your life so far? Why?

4 Tell me about a friend of yours and how you got to know him or her

5 Who is the best teacher you've ever had?

LESSON 2 - EDUCATIONSTARTING OFF

1 Work in pairs Find eight reasons for studying abroad by matching the beginning

of each sentence (1-8) with its endings (a-h).

1 You live in and learn about a with other ways of thinking

6 You learn to look f from other approaches to studying

7 You come in contact g to speak another language

2 Which, for you, are the three best reasons for studying abroad?

3 Can you think of other reasons for studying abroad?

4 Have you studied abroad? If so, why? If not, would you like to? Why (not)?

VOCABULARY

Task 1 Complete the sentences below about courses with nouns from the list.

a In order to study photography, you have to fulfill the course …… , which include a

foundation qualification in art

b Many people fail at medicine due to the difficulty of meeting the assessment…… .

c Most mature students enrol on a part-time…… .

d At the start of each academic year, students choose which core…… they will take

e As part of their jobs, many lecturers are expected to submit at least one academic …… per year

f Students on the fine art programme are required to present a…… of their work.

g After collecting your data, you will need to carry out an in-depth of …… it

h To get a good mark, students should show they are capable of making a critical ……

of the literature

requirements analysis criteria dissertation essay evaluation

module paper portfolio programme

i At the end of the course, each student must submit a 4,000-word long …… .

j After you have submitted your MA …… , you will have to wait about four months for your final grade Task 2 Look at the sentences in Task 1 again Which verb introduces the noun in each case? Task 3 The statements a-j below were made by students about courses they are taking Complete each sentence with a feature from the list. a The tutors provide you with a before the course b As part of our assessment, we have to plan and carry out a

c It's a very flexible programme: we have very

d It can get very stressful: we are assessed by

e Coursework has really fixed You can't get

f Everyone gets if they are experiencing difficulties

g The course is marked by of written work

h I spend a lot of time doing in a laboratory

i It's mostly : it will all be useful for my career

j There are regular in which people take turns to make presentations

SKILLS FOCUS 1: EXTENTION

Task 4 Listen to how Nikolai and Magda answer questions.

1 What is Nikolai’s favourite subject and what reasons does he give?

2 How will Magda use English in the future?

Now listen again and answer the questions below True or false?

research project deadlines easy-going tutors end-of-year examination background reading list extensions

weekly seminars individual tuition ongoing assessment

practical work vocational content

1 They answer the questions very briefly.

2 They give reasons for their answers

3 They sound positive and enthusiastic when they are speaking

Task 5 Work in pairs Take turns to ask your partner the question in the box.

SKILLS FOCUS 2: PHOTO COMPARISION AND CONTRAST

Student A

Can you describe the school you go to / went to?

What would you like to study in the future if you had the chance? Why?

How much homework do students in your country generally do?

Can you tell me what you most enjoy about learning English?

Tell me about the best teacher you’ve ever had?

Student B

Do you prefer studying alone or with other people? Why?

Can you remember your first day at school? Tell me about it.

Would you like to study in a different country? Why (not)?

How important are exams in your country?

How important is learning English to you?

Tips:

• Listen carefully to the question and make sure your answers are relevant.

• Answer the question and where possible:

- give reasons for your answer, or

- add a little extra information.

Task 6

A Look at the photos What are they

talking about?

B Choose two that you would like to

compare and answer these questions.

1 What do the photos have in common?

They both show…

2 What is different about them?

In this one… whereas in the other one…

C Listen to Bethia, a university

student talking about two of the photos

and answer the questions.

1 Which two photos is she talking about?

2 What ideas did she express? (Take notes)

3 Which of the adverbs in the box did she

use?

4 Did she mention the same similarities and differences as you?

D Listen again and tick (√) the expressions she uses from the table below

Referring to

the photos

In the first photo,…

In the second photo,…

There’s one picture of…

And another picture…

Similarities Both of…are…

They both seem to be…

Neither of them…

In this one… and in this one…

Differences One thing which is different in this one…

The main difference between … and … is … This one is … whereas / while … is …

actually almost certainly clearly obviously perhaps

possibly probably really

Speculating This person looks as if she’s/he’s…

He seems to be…

Perhaps/Maybe they’re…

They’re probably…

He could be / might be…

E Take turns to speak for a minute about the two photos you have chosen Use your answers in B and expressions from the table.

Task 7 Work in pairs Look at the pictures below, choose two that you would like to compare and take turns to speak for a minute.

SKILLS FOCUS 3: A SHORT TALK

Task 8 A Answer the questions below about the teachers you had at school.

a How well do you remember your teachers?

b Was there a teacher you especially liked? Why?

c How in general can teachers make lessons more interesting and fun? Is it important to do this? Is it always possible to do this?

B The list below gives some qualities that teachers might possess Decide if each quality is Important (I), Useful (U), or Not important (N).

Qualities of good teachers

They speak many foreign languages

They have a lot of hobbies

They set high standards

They are able to explain difficult things

They tell lots of jokes

They maintain discipline

They avoid negative criticism

They speak loudly .

They give a lot of praise

They are very athletic

They mark and return students' work quickly

They are good-looking

They know the subject well

They are polite to the students

C Which other qualities would you add to the list? Task 9 A Look at the task card below Listen to a person answering the question Make a brief note on the card of the answers they give to each prompt B Match each phrase in the list to one of the functions a-d. a Introducing your choice b Explaining the reason for your choice c Describing physical features d Describing character Physically, he/she was

The I've chosen is

What taught me was that

In terms of personality,

I can remember really well He/she looked

Character-wise, he/she was

I'll never forget him/her because

C Listen again Which phrases from B does the speaker use?

D Take one minute to think and make notes about your own talk on this topic, using your own experience Then practise speaking for two minutes using your notes and

Describe a teacher you can remember from your schooldays

You should say

- what this teacher looked like

- what subjects they taught

- what kind of person they were and explain how this person has influenced you

the phrases in B.

MAKING NOTES

Task 10 Another student made the notes below for the task in A Add the words

in the list below to the appropriate part of the diagram.

shortfatamusingrelaxedrolled tie up and down

looked out of the window while speakingmade boring subjects interesting

made difficult subjects easycheerful personality

Task 11 The notes in A and B below describe the advantages and disadvantages of different ways of making notes Answer the questions below.

a Which list relates to the technique in Task 3?

b What kind of note-taking does the other list describe?

c Which method of making notes would work best for you?

encourages creative thinking encourages logical thinking

many ways through the ideas one way through the ideas

takes little time to write can take a long time to write

uses very few words uses more words

Task 12 Using a note-taking technique you prefer, make notes on the taskcard below, using your own experience Then practise speaking for two minutes using your notes.

HOMEWORK

I Look at the pictures below and read the examiner’s instructions.

Describe a person you know who has helped you in some way

You should say

• how you know this person

• what abilities this person has

• how this person helped you and explain how this help has influenced your life

II Describe your first day at college

You should say

• Name of college and course

• What difficulties you encountered

• How you felt in the end

LESSON 3 - CUSTOMS, CELEBRATIONS AND HOLIDAYS

STARTING OFF

Pair work: How do you celebrate in your country? Check (√) the statements that are true for you Then compare with your partner.

We give thanks for a good harvest We celebrate education and learning

We visit our ancestors’ graves There is a special day to celebrate work

We celebrate a religious figure We honor the leader of our country

We celebrate the birthday of my country We do thing to protect our world

VOCABULARY

Task 1

Task 2

1 Do you know people who regularly spend some of their free time doing these activities? Maybe you do them yourself

2 What abilities do people need to do these activities successfully?

3 Why do people enjoy doing these things?

B You are going to hear two people talking about the photographs.

SKILLS FOCUS 1: PHOTO COMPARISION AND CONTRAST

A Look at the three photographs and discuss these questions in

pairs.

1 First, read the examiner's instructions.

2 Now listen to two people talking

separately about two of these photos

a Which two photos are they comparing?

b Which speaker gives a better response

to the instructions? How?

c What is the problem with the other

speaker's response?

C Listen carefully to the second

speaker again Complete some of

the things she says.

What does the speaker say? Finish her answers

to start her answer? I’m going to

D Work in pairs Think of some appropriate replacements for the adjectives in

italics in these phrases from the second speaker's talk.

1 To play chess you need a very logical mind,

2 you need endless patience.

Here are your pictures They show

different indoor leisure activities I'd

like you to compare two of the

pictures and say what skills and

abilities each activity requires and

what participants enjoy about each

activity

3 Being a successful cook is probably more to do with creative instinct than just practical,

skills

4 Chess players like solving complex problems.

E Choose two photos above and take turns to speak for a minute about them.

SKILLS FOCUS 2: PHOTO DISCUSSION

Task 3 It is a good idea to have a selection of phrases ready for starting the tasks

in the Speaking test Look at these phrases and decide which would be appropriate and which would be inappropriate.

1 A Would you like to start or shall I?

B You start

2 A I don't know what to say

B OK, so we have to talk about each of these goals and say which is closest to our opinion Well, this

3 A Shall we go through all the goals first and then decide which is closest to our opinion?

B OK, a quick look through and then decide; simple!

Task 4 Here are some words and phrases students often use in photo

discussions What are they used for? Write them in the correct boxes

What do you think?

Let’s move on to the next

picture.

Now we have to decide…

I (completely) agree.

You’ve got a point (there),

but (the way I see it)…

I think… What about you?

So, is that agreed?

I (totally) disagree.

So, how about this picture?

OK, let’s make our decision.

I don’t really agree I think…

Do you agree (with me)? I’d say…

(Yes,) that’s a good idea.

Shall we go on to the second question?

I can’t agree (with you there)

Do we agree on that?

I’m not sure I think…

Do you have any thought s on this?

You’re right.

Bringing our partner in to the conversation

Keeping the discussion moving

Agreeing

Disagreeing

Reaching a decision

Task 5

Work in pairs The pictures show important moments in people's lives.

- Discuss together what would be the best way of celebrating each of these occasions

- Decide which two of these occasions you would be happiest to celebrate

How to go about it

Task 6 Work in small groups You are going to go on holiday as a group Each group should choose a different kind of holiday in the pictures below.

a Discuss ways to persuade the other groups that this would be the best type of holiday for you all to go on Think also of the objections that the other groups might raise and of how you could counter those objections You may need to consider these aspects of the holiday:

b Regroup and take it in turns to present the holidays you have been thinking about Try to persuade the others that your idea is the best one Raise as many objections as you can to other suggestions that are made

c At the end vote on which holiday you think your group should go on You are not allowed to vote for your own suggestion

d Feed back to the class as a whole, saying which holiday your group voted for and why

SKILLS FOCUS 3: A SHORT TALK

Task 7 Work in pairs Talk about a festival in your hometown or country.

• What happens during the festival?

• What does the festival celebrate?

• Do you participate? Why (not)?

activities accommodation costfun learning experience weather

Task 8 Read the task card Give yourself one minute to plan your answer, making notes if you wish.

Now listen to the sample answer.

Now do the complete task yourselves.

• Talk about each of the photos in turn Take about each of the photo in turn Take about 11/2 to 2 minutes do this

Imagine that your college is organising an end-of-year trip for its students The

photographs show some of the options

• First, talk together about how each of these trips could benefit the students

• Then decide which one you think would be the most suitable.

• Decide which trip would be most suitable Take about 1 to 11/2 minutes do this

LESSON 4 - SPORTS AND GAMESSTARTING OFF

VOCABULARY

b) Which of the sports do you play/do?

I play basketball for my school team.

Golf is an outdoor sport You can play it on a golf course To play it you need

a golf ball, golf shoes and golf clubs

A: I reallly like/enjoy tennis because it is a fast sport that requires good reflexes.

B: Well, I find tennis tiring I’m a big fan of ice-skating as it is a physically demanding sport that involves graceful movements and good timing Besides, the only equipment you need is a pair

of skates

SKILLS FOCUS 1: PHOTO COMPARISON AND CONTRAST

Task 1:

SKILLS FOCUS 2: DISCUSSION

Task 2 Here are some words and phrases students often use in discussions What are they used for? Write them in the correct boxes

That’s a good point However, I believe that…

Task 3 You and your friend would like to take up a new sporting activity Use the

sports in Ex 1 in Vocabulary and discuss which sport would be suitable for you Use the phrases above to help you.

Example:

A: I believe that ice-skating would be a great idea because it’s an extremely exciting sport that

creates a good sense of freedom Don’t you agree?

B: That’s a good point However, it can be dangerous because it’s easy to lose your balance and

have a serious accident.

3 Work in pairs Take turns to ask your partners the questions in your box While you speak, try to use some phrases from Exercise 2 and Task 1 above.

How to go about it

The examiners want to hear how well you speak, so answer the

questions by giving your opinion and explaining the reasons for your

opinion

You can also, where possible:

• add an extra idea or explanation (You see I mean )

• give an example

Student A

• Some people would like to make all students do sports at school, do you you

agree with this idea?

• Tell us about a sport you have never done whichyou would like to try

• Which do you prefer: taking part in sports or watching them? Why?

Student B

• Which sport did you most enjoy as a child and why?

Task 5

Collaborative task

1 Your community centre is trying to organise a sports club in your area You have been asked to give your opinion on the suggestions below.

• What types of sports and games would attract teenagers as well as older people?

• Choose two of the options for the new sports club

Further discussion

Work in pairs Discuss the following questions.

• What is your favourite sport or game? Why?

• In your opinion, what are the benefits of taking up a sport?

• Do you like team or individual sports? Why?

• Some people think that sports can be tiring and energy-consuming Do you agree?

Model Interview

Listen to two candidates answering the questions.

1 Which sports and games do the candidates think would appeal to both teenagers and old

people? Which two do they finally choose for the sports club and what reasons do they give to support their decision?

2 What does each candidate say about the benefits of taking up a sport? What reasons do they give to justify their answers?

3 Do the candidates agree that sports can be tiring and energy-consuming? What reasons do theygive to justify their answers?

SKILLS FOCUS 3: A SHORT TALK

Planning your answer

1 Read the task card and the notes that one candidate made for the questions Notice that

the candidate has not used full sentences For example, instead of writing It was a final so the atmosphere was electric, he has written final so atmosph electric When we make notes, we

often omit less important words such as articles and auxiliary verbs, and we often write only the

key words We also use shorthand, such as + for and, w for with, and yrs for years Develop your

own shorthand in English as this will save you time

Notes

Describe an exciting competition or sporting event you have witnessed

You should say:

• what the competition or sporting event was

• when and where it took place

• who won and explain why it was exciting

2 Now answer questions a-d.

a Which tenses will the candidate use? Why?

b Why do you think he has written Don't sound bored?

c Is he going to follow the order of the points on the card?

d Why do you think he has noted down vocabulary? Has he written just isolated words?

3 Give yourself one minute to plan your answer to the question using the ideas in Exercise

2 Then talk for one to two minutes.

HOMEWORK

Here are some pictures showing people in different kinds of relationships

Talk with your partner about the ways in which the two people in each relationship depend on each other Then decide which two people depend on each other the most

• In what ways do the two people in each relationship depend on each other?

• Which two people depend on each other the most?

Discuss the following questions.

1 What other pairs of people are heavily dependent on one another?

2 What makes someone a good friend?

3 How far do you agree that older generations have more to teach young people than the other way round?

4 What are the advantages and disadvantages of working closely with the same personfor a long time?

5 Some people prefer to spend time socializing with colleagues or friends, rather than their family How about you?