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Coral reefs in Vietnam

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The coral reefs in Ha Long Bay have suffered from several sources of damage such as coral bleaching and destructive fishing practices. To address some of these problems, PTES has partly funded a project covering an area measuring 400m2. The project focuses on trial coral transplantation using various artificial substrates on different degraded reef sites. In addition, the project also increases public awareness by teaching the local communities the importance of protecting their coral reefs for future generations.

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The coral reefs in Ha Long Bay have

suffered from several sources of damage

such as coral bleaching and destructive

fishing practices To address some of

these problems, PTES has partly funded

a project covering an area measuring

400m2 The project focuses on trial coral

transplantation using various artificial

substrates on different degraded reef sites

In addition, the project also increases

public awareness by teaching the local

communities the importance of protecting

their coral reefs for future generations.

Nguyen Van Quan has had a huge role in

this project and will therefore be your guide

during your stay in Vietnam You will also

be accompanied by a representative from

PTES.

with thick jungle vegetation, which rise spectacularly from the ocean Several of the islands are hollow, with enormous caves

Day 5 Cat Ba Island

In the morning you will visit the floating village at Cua Van in Ha Long Bay The floating villages of fishermen ply the shallow waters for 200 species of fish and

450 different kinds of mollusks

You will then move onto the Cat Ba Islands The islands lie on a main migration route for many species of waterfowl The beaches and mangrove forests provide feeding and roosting sites for a large number of birds during the migration season, including several species of ducks, geese and shorebirds Resident and migrant species include the little grebe, spotbill duck and the white-breasted water-hen

After checking into the Princess Hotel, you can take part in some snorkeling around the local coral reef sites

Day 6 Cat Ba National Park Today, you will explore the tropical rainforest at the Cat Ba National Park,

as well as visiting a centre for the conservation of the white headed Langur

- a unique and endangered species The fauna in Cat Ba National Park has not been studied in detail but the island does not appear to support the large mammals or carnivores found on the mainland However, preliminary surveys have revealed that the fauna is distinctive with unique elements adapted to

Day 2 Institute of Marine Environment

and Resources

In the morning you will visit the Institute

of Marine Environment and Resources

to learn about the work currently being carried out on coral reefs in Vietnam

You will be given an insight into what is involved in preserving coral reefs You will then travel to Do Son town to see the mangrove forests and to view the beatiful landscape of this coastal town Here you will have lunch

After lunch, you will travel onto Ha Long Bay, which is located in Northeast Vietnam Here the coral reefs maintain the highest biodiversity in north Vietnam

You will spend this evening in Ha Long Bay Hotel

Day 3 Ha Long Bay Today you will have a short visit to the

Ha Long Bay Management board as well

as exploring the coral restoration site at Cong Do

In the afternoon, you will have some time

to go swimming off Titof Island, which

is close to Ha Long Bay The afternoon will be spent relaxing and taking in your amazing surroundings

Day 4 Limestone cave systems

After breakfast, you will spend the whole day exploring the breathtaking limestone cave system in Ha Long Bay, also known as

“the amazing paradise on earth”

The bay consists of a dense cluster of 1,969 limestone monolithic islands, each topped

Coral reefs in Vietnam

Day-by-Day Itinerary

Day 1 The Adventure Begins

Meet your PTES representative at

Heathrow airport for your flight to Noi

Bai International Airport in Vietnam On

arrival, you will be greeted by Nguyen Van

Quan You will then check into the Bach

Dang Hotel in Hai Phong City

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island conditions One such endemic

is a subspecies of Francois’ monkey

Other mammals known to occur include

leopards, bears and the European otter

Day 7 Viet Hai eco-village

For your last full day in Vietnam, you will

visit the Viet Hai eco-village

A pilot project has been carried out

to raise awareness of eco-tourism

opportunities and to demonstrate that

sustainable tourism practices can provide

higher-yield, lower-impact benefits

Activities have included training

hotels in eco-certification standards

for energy and water use, building the

capacity of a local hotel association,

promoting traditional architecture and

performances to attract eco-tourists,

and developing a community-based

cooperative in Viet Hai, a village in Cat Ba

National Park

Residents involved in tourism

development have visited other areas

of Vietnam and Thailand to learn best

practices in developing tourism that

helps the poor

Day 8 Goodbye

Having spent your last night in the Princess

Hotel, today you will transfer back to Ha

Long Bay before returning to Noi Bai

International Airport

the distinguishing feature of the region Most of the bigger islands are covered by evergreen tropical monsoon forest The largest island of the archipelago has a surface of 285 km2 and includes the Cat Ba National Park

Cat Ba encompasses a mosaic of land types derived from human uses such as bushes and woodland, limestone karst, limestone forest, agricultural areas, bamboo forest, mangrove and sea grass beds The archipelago is of global importance due to the high number of endemic species The golden-headed langur

(Trachypithecus poliocephalus) is a species endemic to the Cat Ba Island and is listed

as one of the rarest primates in the world due to its restricted range and small population size

History

The history of Vietnam begins around 2,700 years ago Successive dynasties based in China ruled Vietnam directly for most of the period from 111 BC until 938 when Vietnam regained its independence Vietnam remained a tributary state to its larger neighbour China for much of its history but repelled invasions by the Chinese as well as three invasions by the Mongols between 1255 and 1285 King Trần Nhân Tông later diplomatically submitted Vietnam to a tributary of the Yuan to avoid further conflicts The

Please note, this itinerary is a GUIDE ONLY

Due to circumstances beyond our control,

as well as to maximise opportunities for seeing animals, the following itinerary may

be subject to change

No sightings of species are guaranteed

as they are wild animals and we cannot restrict their natural movements, nor indeed would we wish to

The region

Geography

Ha Long Bay is located in Northeast Vietnam and belongs to the Quang Ninh Province Ha Long Bay stretches from the Yen Hung District, and includes large urban areas of Halong City and Cam Pha Town, as well as the Van Don Island District The area has been recognised as a home of ancient Viet people Ha Long Bay maintains an extremely rich biodiversity

The Cat Ba Biosphere Reserve, which is

in northern Vietnam, is internationally important for its limestone karst geomorphology It also has one of the best examples in the world of a fengcong and fenglin karst landscape

The 366 limestone islands have numberous cave deposits that provide evidence of a long history of erosion and landscape evolution Many of the small islands rise steeply or vertically from the shallow marine waters and are

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Coral reef transplantation project

The transplantation of the coral colonies in order to boost the recovery of the coral reef at the degraded reef sites can be carried out feasibly by using artificial substrate with coral fragments After 3 months (April to July 2005), the coral survival rate was relatively high (85-90%) Many coral colonies have attached to the surface of the substrate, with only a few of them falling out of the substrate The coral colonies have kept developing which will contribute to the coral larval sources in the future The lessons learned through the project include:

The selection of site: it is necessary

to do the transplant work on the high embankment to avoid direct strong wave movements The tropical storms that normally occur during August and September in Ha Long Bay have a huge influence on the site

The selection of the substrate model: this contributes to the success of any coral rehabilitation project The suitable substrate has

to be the right balance between effective conservation value (high coral survival rate) and economic value (low cost technique) In this project, the low cost technique has been applied and has received positive feedback

Public education awareness program: ideally this program would involve the fishermen

Continued overleaf

Food

Vietnamese cuisine is known for its common use of fish sauce, soy sauce, rice, fresh herbs, fruits and vegetables

Vietnamese recipes use many vegetables, herbs and spices, including lemon grass, lime, and kaffir lime leaves Throughout all regions of Vietnam, the emphasis is always

on serving fresh vegetables and/or fresh herbs as side dishes along with dipping sauce

The Vietnamese also have a number of Buddhist vegetarian dishes The most common meats used in Vietnamese cuisine are pork, beef, chicken, shrimp, cockles and various kinds of seafood Duck and goat are used less widely

A typical meal for the average Vietnamese family would include:

- Individual bowls of rice

- A grilled, boiled,steamed, stir fried (with vegetable) or stewed, meat or fish or other seafood dish

-A stir-fried steamed vegetable dish

- Canh (a clear broth with vegetables and often meat or seafood) or other Vietnamese-style soup

- Prepared fish sauce and/or soy sauce for dipping

All dishes are communal and to be shared apart from the individual bowls of rice

independent period temporarily ended in

the middle to late 19th century, when the

country was colonized by France

During World War II, Imperial Japan

expelled the French to occupy

Vietnam, though they retained French

administrators during their occupation

After the war, France attempted to

re-establish its colonial rule but ultimately

failed The Geneva Accords partitioned

the country in two with a promise of

democratic election to reunite the country

However, rather than peaceful

reunification, partition led to the Vietnam

War, a civil war and a major part of the

Cold War During this time, the People’s

Republic of China and the Soviet Union

supported the North while the United

States supported the South After millions

of Vietnamese deaths and the American

withdrawal from Vietnam in March 1973,

the war ended with the fall of Saigon to

the North in April 1975

The reunified Vietnam suffered further

internal repression and was isolated

internationally due to the continuing

Cold War and the Vietnamese invasion of

Cambodia In 1986, the Communist Party

of Vietnam changed its economic policy

and began reforms of the private sector

similar to those in China

Since the mid-1980s, Vietnam has enjoyed

substantial economic growth and some

reduction in political repression

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to participate in the coral restoration work From experience,

a lot of support has come from the local fishermen

The technical transferring process has been carried out by involvement of the staff at the Ha Long Bay Management

Department through an agreement with the Institute

of Marine Environment and Resources The enforcement team of Ha Long Bay Management Department have played a vital role in the project

The initial success of the coral transplantation at the degraded reef sites has been illustrated by the coral survival rate of 85-90% after a year These planted coral colonies will contribute to the future coral larvae source at the reef sites

The project has shown that low cost techniques and following simple procedures by

the local people in Ha Long Bay makes a huge impact on increaseing the conservation activity in the area

The initial results of coral transplantation at these vulerable sites brings hope that coral recovery through physical transplantation is possible and should be something which continues into the future, to ensure these amazing habitats are still around for future generations The Ha Long Bay Management Department has decided to continue with the coral rehabilitation work in following years

Essential traveller’s information

DATES Wednesday 13th - Wednesday 20th May

GROUP SIZE 10

ACCOMMODATION Your accommodation will be in comfortable staying in hotels

throughout your trip, with ensuite rooms whenever possible

FOOD Breakfast and dinner will be served in your hotel or a local restaurant

Lunches will either be picnics or in a local restaurant

FITNESS You will get the most enjoyment out of the trip if you are able to walk for

reasonably long distances at an unhurried pace You are more likely to see wildlife

if you leave the main roads and take to trails and paths but there is no reason why

you can not take a day to rest if you prefer

CLIMATE In May the tempretaure ranges from 25-30 degree Celsius It may

occasionally rain so please bring an umbrella

TOUR COST £700 per person based on two sharing Price includes

accommodation, all meals, ground transportation and excursions, services of local

guides Not included are flights, travel insurance, drinks and spirits, souvenirs etc

SINGLE ROOM SUPPLEMENT £100 Please note, we will try to find single travellers

who would prefer to share a room

FLIGHT COST £600 including taxes Prices are not guaranteed until all deposits

have been paid and are correct at time of printing (September 2008)

TRAVEL INSURANCE Travel insurance is compulsory You must have adequate

travel and medical/rescue insurance to cover the whole of your journey Please see

our optional travel insurance offer for details

PASSPORT & VISAS Please ensure that you have a full 10 year passport, which is

valid for at least six months after your return date A short term tourist visa is

necessary for your visit

RESERVATION & INFORMATION To reserve your place please fill in the enclosed

booking form and return with the necessary deposits to PTES If you have any

questions, please call 020 7498 4533 or e-mail zoe@ptes.org

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