Chapter 7 implementing IP addressing services

Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 10 DHCP Configuration Example... Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 27 The Forms of NAT • Static NAT – Mapping an unreg

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Chapter 7 - Implementing

IP Addressing Services

CCNA Exploration 4.0

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Học viện mạng Bach Khoa - Website: www.bkacad.com 2

Introducing DHCP

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DHCP Operation

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BOOTP and DHCP

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DHCP Message Format

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DHCP Discover

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DHCP Offer

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Configuring a DHCP Server

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Configuring a DHCP Server

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DHCP Configuration Example

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Multiple DHCP Pool On Single Device

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Configuring a DHCP Client

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Configuring a DHCP Client

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DHCP Relay

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DHCP Relay

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Customizing the Forwarded UDP Services

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Verifying DHCP

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Verifying DHCP

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Verifying DHCP

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Verifying DHCP

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Troubleshooting DHCP

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SCALING NETWORKS

WITH NAT

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Private and Public IP Addressing

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What is NAT ?

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NAT Terminology

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How NAT Works

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The Forms of NAT

• Static NAT – Mapping an unregistered IP address to a registered IP

address on a one-to-one basis Particularly useful when a device

needs to be accessible from outside the network

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• Dynamic NAT – Maps an unregistered IP address to a registered IP

address from a group of registered IP addresses Dynamic NAT also establishes a one-to-one mapping between unregistered and

registered IP address, but the mapping could vary depending on the registered address available in the pool, at the time of communication

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• Overloading – A form of dynamic NAT that maps multiple unregistered

IP addresses to a single registered IP address ( many-to-one ) by using different ports Known also as PAT (Port Address Translation), single address NAT or port-level multiplexed NAT

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NAT overload

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Next Available Port

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Benefits and Drawbacks of Using NAT

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Configure Static NAT on a Cisco Router

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Example

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Configure Dynamic NAT on a Cisco Router

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Configure Dynamic NAT on a Cisco Router

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Example

Translate to these outside addresses

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Configuring NAT Overload for a Single Public IP Address

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Configuring NAT Overload for a Single Public IP Address

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Configuring NAT Overload for a Pool of Public IP Addresses

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Configuring NAT Overload for a Pool of Public IP Addresses

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Port Forwarding

• Port forwarding (sometimes referred to as tunneling ) is the act of forwarding a network port from one network node to another

• This technique can allow an external user to reach a port on a private IP

address (inside a LAN) from the outside through a NAT-enabled router

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Port Forwarding

http://portforward.com

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Verifying NAT and NAT Overload

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Verifying NAT and NAT Overload

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Troubleshooting NAT and NAT Overload Configuration

• Step 1 Based on the configuration, clearly define what NAT is supposed to

achieve This may reveal a problem with the configuration

• Step 2 Verify that correct translations exist in the translation table using the

show ip nat translations command

• Step 3 Use the clear and debug commands to verify that NAT is operating as

expected Check to see if dynamic entries are recreated after they are cleared

• Step 4 Review in detail what is happening to the packet, and verify that

routers have the correct routing information to move the packet

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IPv6

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Reason for using IPv6

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IPv6 Features

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Global Reachability

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Aggregation

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Multihoming

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Autoconfiguration and Plug/Play

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Renumbering

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Efficient Header

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Extension header

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IPv6 Extension Headers

• IPv6 Header: Basic header described in the previous figure

• Hop-by-hop options header: When used for the router alert

(Resource Reservation Protocol [RSVP] and Multicast Listener

Discovery version 1 [MLDv1]) and the jumbogram, this header (value =

0) is processed by all hops in the path of a packet

• Destination options header (when the routing header is used)

• Routing header: Used for source routing and mobile IPv6 (value =

43)

• Fragment header: Used when a source must fragment a packet that is

larger than the MTU for the path between itself and a destination

device

• Authentication Header and Encapsulating Security Payload

header: Used within IPsec to provide authentication, integrity, and

confidentiality of a packet

– The Authentication Header (value = 51)

– The ESP header (value = 50)

• Upper-layer header: Typical headers used inside a packet to transport

the data The two main transport protocols are TCP (value = 6 ) and

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IPv6 Header Options

TCP Header + Data

IPv6 Header

Next Header

= Routing

Routing Header Next Header = TCP

TCP Header + Data

Fragment Header Next Header = TCP

Fragment of TCP Header + Data

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Defining Address Representation

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IPv6 Address Types

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Special Address

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IPv6 Global Unicast and Anycast address

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Assign IPv6 address

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Stateless Autoconfiguration

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IPv6 Address Configuration Example

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IPv6 to IPv4 Transition Strategies

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Cisco IOS Dual Stack

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Cisco IOS Dual Stack Configuration

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IPv6 Tunneling

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Manually Configured IPv6 Tunnel

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Manually Configured Tunnel Example

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6to4 Tunneling

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6to4 Tunneling Example

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RIPNg routing protocol

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Configure RIPng with IPv6

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Troubleshooting

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Troubleshooting

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LAB – IPv6 RIP

ipv6 unicast-routing ipv6 router rip bkacad interface lo0

ipv6 address 2003::1/64 ipv6 rip bkacad enable interface f0/0

ipv6 address 2fff::1/64 ipv6 rip bkacad enable interface s1/0

ipv6 address 2004::1/64 ipv6 rip bkacad enable

S1/1 F0/0

interface s1/1

ipv6 address 2004::2/64 ipv6 rip bkacad enable ipv6 router rip bkacad redistribute static

ipv6 install

netsh interface ipv6 add address "Local Area Connection" 2fff::2

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Summary

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Reason for using IPv6

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