GRAMMAR AND EXERCISE PASSIVE VOICE

Revision: Passive Voice ôn tập về câu bị động -Câu bị động thường có cấu trúc sau: B.. Lấy túc từ Object của câu chủ động làm chủ từ Subject câu bị động.. Trong câu bị động, luôn phải d

GRAMMAR : PASSIVE VOICE

A Revision: Passive Voice ( ôn tập về câu bị động)

-Câu bị động thường có cấu trúc sau:

B Những điều cần ghi nhớ khi đổi câu chủ động

(Active) sang câu bị động (Passive):

1 Lấy túc từ (Object) của câu chủ động làm chủ từ

(Subject) câu bị động

2 Trong câu bị động, luôn phải dùng trợ động từ “Be” với hình thức thích hợp tùy theo thì cần dùng

3 Động từ chính (main verb) trong câu bị động luôn được dùng ở dạng quá khứ phân từ (past participle)

4 Khi muốn nói thêm ai gây ra hành động,chúng ta có thể dùng chủ từ câu chủ động làm “tác nhân” (Agent) câu bị động và đứng sau “By”

5 Nhiều câu bị động không cần dùng “by” , tác nhân , nhất

là khi tác nhân là : “somebody, someone, people”, hoặc các đại từ như “me, you , him , her , us , them”

ACTIVE: Graham Bell invented The telephone

S + V + O

PASSIVE: The telephone was invented BY Graham Bell

S + V

Ex: - The floor is cleaned every morning by someody

- Many new buildings have been built in recent years

by people

Tuy nhiên, tùy theo ý nghĩa đặc thù của câu nói, đôi khi chúng ta phải dùng các tác nhân trên trong câu bị động Ex: This program is being watched by millions of people

C Bảng đối chiếu hình thức thay đổi của trợ động từ

“BE” từ câu chủ động sang câu bị động.

Present Someone writes the

report

The report is written

report

The report was written

Present progressive Someone is writing

the report

The report is being written

the report

The report was being written

the report

The report has been written

the report

The report had been being written Past perfect

progressive

Someone had been writing the report

The report had been being written

report

The report will

be written Future “be going

to”

Someone is going to write the report

The report is going to be written

written the report

The report will have been

written

Modals Verb: Động

từ khiếm khuyết

Someone can/must/may/should swrite the report

The report can/must/may/ should be written

write the report

The report has to/had to be written

D Passive with reporting verbs ( Câu bị động với các động từ thường thuật )

-Chúng ta có thể dùng cấu trúc này với một số động từ khác nhau

said said

believed believed

thought thought

known known

It is reported that Or He is reported to do sth

expected expected

considered considered

understood understood

Chú ý : Cấu trúc “He is said ” có thể theo sau bằng “to - infinitive” khi hành động xảy ra cùng thời với “He is

said/He was said ” , hoặc có thể theo sau bằng “to have + P.P” (perfect infinitive) khi hành động xảy ra trước “He is said/ He was said ”

Ex:

a.) It is said that he works for a secret company

He is said to work for a secret company (He is said to+ inf)

b.) It is said that he worked in the Far East

He is said to have worked in the Far East (He is said to

have + P.P)

c.) It was said that he had been killed in the war

He was said to have been killed in the war

( He was said to have been + p.p)

CÁC BÀI TẬP VỀ DẠNG PASSIVEE VOICE

Exercise 1:Complete each sentence using the correct form

of one of the following

1 All the information in the computer

2 A movie theater is a place where movies

3 The key always in that box

4 We don’t have to leave a tip because the service in the bill

5 English normally in most international

conferences

6 The grass usually once a week

7 Cheese from milk

8 My car at this garage once a month

9 Many accidents by careless driving

10 The fruit normally in the summer

make keep cut store service pick speak

cause include show

Exercise 2: Put the verb into the correct form,simple

present or simple past, active or passive

1 Newton’s father (die) at his birth He (bring up) by his mother and grandmother

2 The water (always/filter) before it mixed with the chemicals

3 His bike (steal) while he was having a drink in the

cafe

4 The office (always/lock) when everybody has left

5 The guards (always/lock) the office when

everybody has left

6 Where (these photos/take)? In Singapore ?

(you/take) them?

7 Why (Tan/give up) his job? Didn’t he like it?

8 Why (Hung/fire) from his job? Did he make a

serious mistake?

9 Passports (usually/check) at the airport

10 They (always/check) your tickets before they let you in

11 The 2006 World Cup for soccer (play) in

Germany

12 The English team (not play) very well in the 2006 World Cup

13 The mailman (normally deliver) the mail before 8.00 He’s never been late

14 My newspapers (usually/deliver) before 6.00 ,

so I can read them at breakfast

Exercise 3: Complete each blank with one of the following

verbs.Put the verbs in the present simple,active or passive

The letters(1) from the post box.Then a

postman(2) them to the post office.At the post

office,they(3) by a machine so that the stamps

can’t(4) again.Next they(5) carefully and put into bags before(6) to other post offices for further

sorting.Finally, a postman(7) the letters to addresses shown on the envelopes

Deliver sort take send collect stamp use

Exercise 4 : Finish the second sentence so that it has a

similar meaning to the first one

1.Someone has warned us not to go out alone

-We

2.The manager accused the accountant of cheating

-The accountant

3.We didn’t realize that someone was recording our

conversation

-We didn’t realize that our

4.Since the 1980s,people have recycled more and more paper

-Since 1980s,more

5.The volcano will affect the Earth’s climate

-The Earth’s climate

6.Today,people grow coffee in 50 different countries

-Today,coffee

7.Someone took potatoes to Ireland from South America in 1588

-Potatoes

8.A special committee is studying the report

-The report

9.The media are going to attack the minister.

-The minister

10.When I got to the office, I found that they had cancelled the meeting

-When I got to the office, I found that the

meeting

11.Has anybody told you about the change of the meeting? -Have you

12.I think someone is following us

-I think we

13.They’re going to announce the results of the

examination on Monday

-The results

14.I’m sure the police will catch the escaped prisoners

soon

-I’m sure the escaped prisoners 15.Very few people are watching that TV show

-That TV show

Exercise 5: Rewrite these sentences ,using both ways “It is said that ” or “He/She is said ”

1.People say fossil fuels will be used up soon

-It is said that

-Fossil fuels

2.They report that a plane has crashed in Bolivia

-It is reported that

-A plane

3.People believe that football is the most popular sport

-It is believed that

-Football

4.People know that Roland inherited a lot of money

-It is known that

-Roland

5.Newspapers report that the oil price is rising again

-It is said that

-The oil price

6.People expect that the official will be dismissed for

bribery

-It is expected that

-The official

7.Police think the prisoner escaped by climing over the wall -It is thought that

-The prisoner

8.They reported that the resort was badly damaged by the tsunami

-It was reported that -The resort

9.People think that the company was losing a lot of money

at that time

-It is thought that

-The company

10.People believe that several priceless paitings have been stolen

-It is believed that

-Several priceless paitings

11.They understand that the President was treated by an outstanding doctor

-It is understood that

-The President

12.Everybody considers that this a wonderful opportunity for young people

-It is considered that -This is

13.The police reported that no witnesses had come forward

to give statements

-It was reported that -No witnesses

ĐÁP ÁN CÁC BÀI TẬP Exercise 1:

1 is stored

2 are showed

3 The key always kept

4 is included

5 is normally spoken

6 is usually cut

7 is made

8 is serviced

9 are caused

10 is normally picked

Exercise 2:

1 died - was brought up

2 is always filtered

3 was stolen

4 is always looked

5 always locked

6 .were taken? Did you take them?

7 .did Tan give up

8 .was Hung fired

9 .are usually checked

10 always checked

11 was played

12 didn’t play

13 was normally delivered

14 are usually delivered

Exercise 3:

1.are collected

2.takes

3.are stamped

4.use

5.are sorted

6.being sent

7.delivers

Exercise 4:

1.have been warned not to go out alone

2.was accused of cheating by the manager

3.Conversation was being recording

4.And more paper have been recycled

5.Will be affected

6.Is grown in 50 different countries

7.To Ireland from South America were taken in 1588 8.Is being studied by a special committee

9.Is going to be attack by the media

10.Had been cancelled

11.Been told about the change of the meeting?

12.Are being followed

13.Are going to be announced on Monday

14.Will be caught soon

15.Is being watched by very few people

Exercise 5:

1 .fossil fuels will be used up soon

.are said to be used up soon

2 .a plane has crashed in Bolivia

.is reported to have crashed

3 football is the most popular sport

is believed to be the most popular sport

4 Roland inherited a lot of money

is known to have inherited a lot of money

5 the oil price is rising again

is reported to be rising again

6 the official will be dismissed for bribery

is expected to be dismissed for bribery

7 the prisoner escaped by climing over the wall

is thought to have escaped by climing over the wall

8 the resort was badly damaged by the tsunami

was reported to be badly damaged by the tsunami

9 the company was losing a lot of money at that time .is thought to have been losing a lot of money at that time 10 several priceless paitings have been stolen

are believed to have been stolen

11 the President was treated by an outstanding doctor are undestood to have been treated by an outstanding doctor

12 .this a wonderful opportunity for young people Considered to be a wonderful opportunity for young people

13 .no witnesses had come forward to give statements were reported to have had come forward to give

statements