English in focus Level C

va dat nude Viet Nam.Moi bai hoc cua bo sach deu bao gom nhung loai h'inh bai tap ren luyen bon ky nang nghe, noi, doc, viet va phan gidi thieu cac t'rnh huong giao tiep o Viet Nam cung

ENGLISH IN FOCUS

LeveI C

WORKBOOK

NICHOLAS SAMPSON NGUYEN QUOC HUNG, M.A.

n h A x u a t b a n t h A n h p h o h o c h i m i n h

va dat nude Viet Nam.

Moi bai hoc cua bo sach deu bao gom nhung loai h'inh bai tap ren luyen bon ky nang nghe, noi, doc, viet va phan gidi thieu cac t'rnh huong giao tiep

o Viet Nam cung nhu o Anh va nuoc ngoai

Vdi chuc nang giup nguoi hoc phat huy vai tro trung tam cua m'rnh, phan tieng Viet chu yeu giup nguoi hoc hieu duoc nhiem vu cua mlnh phai lam doi vdi tim g bai tap Nhung bai doc hieu khong duoc dich ra tieng Viet ma chi them phan chu thich ngon ngu, giup ngudi hoc vucrt qua nhung cho kho cua bai, vi du tir it dung den, nhom tu thanh ngu, m^u cau kho hoac nhung yeu

to van hoa lam cho bai doc kho hidu doi vdi ngudi Viet

Cac cau hoi, cac loai bai tap (activities) nhu dien vao cho trong, dmh nghla tu, xep lai trat tu cau, v.v khong dugc djch ra tieng Viet, vi trong nhieu trudng hop, dich la lam ho bai Doi vdi cac bai tap, chung toi cung khong

"dich" ma huong dan lam bai tap (instruction) bang ca hai thu tieng Nhu vay ngudi hoc vua hieu ro nhiem vu vira tiep can dugc vdi loai "chi d in " bang tieng Anh de su dung sau nay nhu khi su dung quy^n C, khi lam cac loai bai thi va kiem tra

Rieng doi vdi quyen bai tap (workbook) cua cac trinh do A va B, chung toi chi them phan hudng d in lam bai tap bang tieng Viet ben canh tieng Anh Den quy^n C se chi con lai hudng d in bang tieng Anh ma thoi Cung trong cac sach bai tap (workbooks) cac bai (units) 4, 8, 12, 16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36

va 40 khong dugc in lai vi ban than nhung bai do la bai tap (on thi) va da dugc in trong sach hgc vien (students’ books) Vi the cac ban se tha'y trong sach bai tap trong nhung bai do Tuy nhien chung toi van giu nguyen trat tu

so bai theo sach hgc vien de tranh gay lung tung cho ngudi hoc

Phan ngu phap la phan quan trgng doi vdi ngudi hgc o ngoai moi trudng ban ngu dugc viet bang tieng Viet d hai quyen trinh do A va B Phan nay trong quyen C chi dugc trinh bay bang tieng Anh Phan nay giup cho ngudi hgc hieu ro nhung quy tac ngu phap, lam ca so cho viec ren luyen ky nang.Mot trong nhung kho khan Ion nhat cua ngudi Viet khi hoc tieng Anh la phat am: trgng am, nhip dieu va ngu dieu Phan nay, cung nhu phan ngu phap, dugc giai thich bang tieng Viet d quyen A va B, bang tieng Anh d quyen C.Vdi phuong thuc phoi hgp giua hai thu tieng vdi tu cach giup su hie^u chu khong phai Mdich" chung toi hy vgng giup ngudi hgc su dung tu dien, phat huy kha nang phan doan, suy luan cua minh de? day nhanh quy trinh luyen tieng

Xin chuc cac ban hoc thanh cong

Hguyin Quoc Hung, M.A.

HUONG DAN SU* DUNG SACH

English in Focus d m6i trinh do (A, B, C) tron bo bao gom nhung tai lieu sau:

Sach Hoc vien (Student’s Book)

Sach Bai tap (Workbook)

Sach Giao vien (Teacher’s Book)

Bang ghi am (dung cho cac bai tap luyen nghe va luyen phat am theo sach)

Bang ghi am (chuong trinh phat song VOV)

Bang ghi hinh (chirong trinh phat song VTV)

Phan "Muc luc" (Contents) chi dan cho cac ban yeu cau phai dat ducrc sau khi hoc xong moi bai, ve kien thurc ngu- phap (grammar), kha nang phat am (pronunciation) va nhung chuc nang giao tiep (functions)

Cach cau tao cua chuong trinh giup hoc ''ien di tung bincrc vung chac Vi the cir sau 3 bai lai co mot bai goi la "Exam Focus" vdi muc dich giup cac ban vira on lai nhung gi da hoc trong nhung bai trudc do vira lam quen voi cac loai hinh thi va kiem tra Voi muc tieu giong nhau, cac bai "Exam Focus", turc la nhung bai (units) 4, 8, 12,

16, 20, 24, 28, 32, 36, va 40 co cau true giong nhau, chu yeu huong d in loai hinh thi doc hieu (reading comprehension) va nghe hieu (listening comprehension)

Doi voi nhung bai chinh, cac ban luyen theo yeu cau cua tung bai tap (activity) Khi

b it dau vao bai (unit), cac ban doc phan muc luc de n lm vung yeu cau phai dat duoc sau khi hoc xong bai Budc tiep theo la dung tCr dien de tra nghTa tu moi (phan Vocabulary), roi doc ky phan giai thich mot so hien tuong ngCr phap (grammar) Sau

ba viec lam tren cac ban hay bat dau lam bai tap (activity) theo yeu cau cua tung bai Xin chu y moi bai tap can dugc lam di lam lai vai Ian Neu chi lam mot Ian roi xem dap an thi chua du, vi bai tap ngoai ngu dung de luyen cho nhuan nhuyen chu khong phai chi dung de chua xem dung hay sai

Sach bai tap (Workbook) dung de lam d nha No chu yeu giup cac ban cung co ngu phap va tang cudng von tir vung Phan Ion cac bai tap d day la doc hieu va viet.Doi voi nhung bai kiem tra (Exam Focus), cac ban hay lam nhu lam mot bai kiem tra Doc ky yeu cau cua timg bai tap Khi lam bai can han dinh thoi gian Xin luu y cac ban mot dieu: nhung bai tap ve ky nang giao tiep doi hoi phai tinh den thoi gian,

Co nhung bai neu de chung ta lam "ngam nga" trong 60 phut ch ln g han, chung ta co the dat diem tuyet doi Nhung cung bai do neu chi dugc lam trong mot nira then gian tren thi ket qua khong chac da cao Cac ban nen lam cac bai nay theo cac chuong trinh phat song VTV hoac VOV

Bo bang ghi am dung de luyen nhung bai tap nghe hieu va phat am Ngoai ra con

co bo bang ghi am dung de lam nhung bai tap phat song VOV Bo bang ghi hinh dLjng

de lam nhung bai tap phat song VTV

Sach giao vien (Teacher’s Book) hudng dan cac ky thuat thuc hien cac bai luyen *-e- Idp, cung cap dap an cho cac bai luyen va tapescript cho cac bai luyen nghe hie^Xin chuc cac ban hoc thanh cong

Cac tac gia

ENGLISH IN FOCUS

CHUONG TRINH PHAT SONG DAI TRUYEN HINH VIET NAM (VTV)

VA DAI TIENG NOI VIET NAM (VOV)

Day la chirong trinh theo phuong thirc giao due tir xa (distance education) No tuan thu nhung quy djnh va phuong phap dao tao nay (tieng Anh goi la phuong thuc off-cam pus learning), vi du tinh chat dinh huong va huong dan nguoi hoc tu hoc Chuong trinh VTV va VOV deu su dung bo sach English in Focus. Ca hai chuong trinh deu huong dan du 42 bai (units) cr trinh do A Tuy nhien, moi bai trong sach co ten 11 bai tap (activities), trong khi do thoi lupng phat song bi han che (30 phiit/bai cho VTV va 15 phiit/bai cho VOV) cho nen chung toi chi co the chon mot so bai luyen (activities) quan trong de dira len song ma thoi Vi the khi theo doi chuong trinh phat song, cac ban co the thay trong mot bai (unit) chung

ta dang luyen Activity 1, thi lai sang Activity 4, roi Activity 7, v.v Muc dich giu nguyen so thu tu cac "activities" theo sach la de giup cac ban de tim bai khi theo doi chuong trinh

Viec lira chon bai luyen dua len song nh&m phat huy cao nhat the manh cua tim g loai hinh phat song Vi du doi voi phat thanh, chung toi lira chon nhung bai nghe hieu (listening comprehension) va luyen am (pronunciation practice) la chinh Nhung ngupc lai, truyen hinh lai rat manh ve viec the hien bang hinh anh nhung hoat dong giao tiep Vi the chung toi da hinh thanh mot lop hoc tren song, mot lop "thuc" (gom nhung hoc vien dang hoc o trinh do A) de dira cac ban hoc theo song vao lop Day khong phai la mot lop "mau" mang tinh chat “bieu d iln " ma la mot lop hoc thuc su nhu muon van nhung lop hoc khac Moi cac ban tham gia.Moi bai dugc phat song lap lai nhieu Ian trong mot tuan Neu cac ban theo doi ca hai chuong trinh VTV va VOV thi hau nhu dugc hoc toan bo cac "activities".Sach hoc co kern theo bang video va bang tieng de giup cac ban hoc ngoai gid phat song

Xin chuc cac ban hoc thanh cong!

Nguyen Quoc Hung, M.A.

u n it 1 Habits and Interests

{ jjr a m w ia jv

A Think o f suitable questions for the answers given Follow the example.

1 Yes I pla v th e v io lin Do you plav a musical instrument?

2 She’s 42 vears old

3 I like listening to music and collecting stamps

4 He is a Journalist

5 I was born in Hanoi

6 It’s four o’clock

7 He likes plaving badminton and football

8 No, thanks I’m not thirstv

9 It’s in the bedroom.^

10 She speaks French, Vietnamese and English

B Circle the correct pronouns in these sentences Follow the example.

1 Mr Harrison is 45 years old (He)/Him is a teacher Him/(His) subject is economics

2 Mr Harrison has two sons - they/them are both teenagers

3 His/Him wife works at the local hospital

4 They/Them go for they/their holidays in France

5 This is my friend Cathy .She/Her is a good chess player

6 ,1/My am interested in all sports, especially football

7 We/us always spend us/our holidays in Thailand

8 Neil asked I/me if I/me had ever played chess I/me said no

9 Me/My brother and his/her wife have their/our own business

10 When the player started to argue the referee told he/him to behave

C The names of many hobbies and interests are geru n ds A gerund is really the -in g form of a verb which acts as a noun For example, Mr Harrison likes cooking and he enjoys spending his holidays in France

Use the •in g form o f the verbs in the box and say whether you en jo y or d on 't

en jo y doing them Follow the example.

7

swim in the sea play chess meet new people watch televisionlisten to music eat in restaurants sing

study English buy clothes talk on the telephone

1 I ertiov swimming in the sea _

D Complete these sentences using the correct p re se n t sim p le form o f a suitable

verb Follow the example.

1 Mr and Mrs Harrison have two children

2 We _ visiting different countries

3 My parents _ tennis very well

4 Both my brothers architects

5 Charles _ many hobbies so he is busy at the weekends

6 I in a small village in the country

7 My friends and I _to the local cinema every week

8 Barbara _ to work because it is too far to walk

9 John so many books that he has a library in his house

10 I know someone who four languages

(T)oeahul a fij

A Mr Harrison can speak F r e n c h and often goes to F ra n ce Most countries have words to describe the people who live in that country (nationality') and the language those people speak Often the nationality and the language use the same word but not always

Complete the table with the correct nationalities and languages o f the g u en

C o u n try N ation ality L a n g u a g e

Complete these sentences using the examples o f these words in the box Follow the example.

bird-watching water-skiing flower-arrranging horse-riding

hill-walking model-making ice-skating stamp-collecting

1 My brother loves bird-watchina _ He can sit for hours waiting to see

an eagle or a hawk

2 My mother is very good at - she uses roses from her largerose garden

3 I have been _ twice and both times I fell off

4 My father is very patient so he likes - I could never spend so

' >

much time creating tiny little ships and buildings

5 My son is keen on and he hopes to buy his own speedboatnext year

6 I used to like _ but now it makes me feel too cold!

7 My uncle is very fit and he loves being out in the countryside so he

enjoys _very much

8 is a good hobby for children as it is quite cheap, and itteaches them about different countries

A bungee is a kind of stretchy, rubber rope which, in the past, was used

to attach luggage to a car or bike. _

The bungee jump begins as the jumper crawls out onto the jumping platform. A strong bungee is tied round the jumper’s ankles. Then, the jumperthrows himself off the platform and drops towards the river below Hebobs up and down for a few moments before being pulled into a waiting boat

Bungee jumping first became famous in Paris in 1 9 8 6 _Hackett realizedthe potential of bungee jumping Now, 10 years later, many thousands ofpeople from all over the world have "taken the plunge".

A The bungee team on the platform count down, "Five four three

two one!"

B It was then that New Zealander, A J Hackett, threw himself off the

top of the Eiffel Tower with only a thick bungee cord for company

C So it looks like bungee jumping is here to stay

D This is what makes them exciting

E Then he is taken, thrilled and exhilarated, back to the safety of land

F From bird-watching to wine-making, most people take part in some sort

of hobby

G It was he who pioneered the various bungee jumping operations now

H Now, however, it is put to a much more dramatic use!

I Just as his head splashes into the water, he is pulled back upwards by the rubber bungee

J This is usually situated high (over 40 metres high, in fact) above a river

11

u n it 2 Travelling by Air

A Complete these sentences using the correct tense o f the verbs in brackets Follow

the example.

1 Last time I flew (fly) I forgot (forget) to reconfirm my flight

I will not do (not do) that again!

2 The tickets (cost) $900 each but it was worth it - we really _(enjoy) our holiday

3 Last time I _ (go) to the airport by taxi but it was very

expensive Next time, I _ (go) by bus

4 I always (travel) by plane It (be) the fastest andbest way to travel

5 This flight (land) in two hours, at nine o’clock local time

6 Every air ticket (show) the passenger’s name and how he (pay) for the ticket

7 We have been (wait) to board our flight for three hours and

we are still waiting

8 When she (be) young, Sara _ (want) to be an air hostess.Now, she _ (want) to be a pilot

9 After the plane landed we (go) through passport control andcustoms, then we _ (collect) our luggage and finally we 'take*

a taxi to our hotel

10 They _ (fly) to Europe every year for a holiday

B Write out these numbers and times in the way you would say them in spoken

English Follow the example.

1 24 November the twenty-fourth of November

8 123,456

9 7.45 am

10 24.00 _

C Here is a list o f things which you w ou ld need, m igh t n eed or w o u ld n ’t n ee d

if you were an aeroplane pilot, about to take off on a flight Write sentences saying whether you w ould, m igh t or w ou ld n 't n eed these things Follow the example.

1 a uniform If I was a pilot I might need a uniform. _

D Complete these sentences using w ou ld need, m igh t n eed or w ou ld n 't n eed

Follow the example.

1 If I won a million dollars I wouldn't need to work any more

2 I to w7ork late tonight - I’ll call you later and tell you

3 If you bought that big dog you a bigger house

4 If I failed my exams I _ to study harder next time

5 Sheila a car if she lived closer to her office

6 It looks like it might rain later so I _ my umbrella

7 If I hadn't lost my wallet I to go to the lost property office

8 Tom some help with his homework - ask him if he does

or not

9 If you wanted to buy a car you to learn to drive first

10 If you turned that music down wre _ to shout!

a Many words and expressions include the word air Match these words in Column

A with their meanings in Column B Follow the example.

i) a company which provides passenger flights j) any machine or vehicle which flies

b Now use the words above to complete these sentences Follow the example.

1 There is a strange smell in this room I will buy some air freshener

to get rid of it

2 This box is so it keeps food fresh

3 "Which _ are you flying with?"

"I think it’s Cathay Pacific.”

4 The common cold is an virus

5 I hate flying because I always get

6 My cousin is arriving from Hong Kong at eight o’clock I’m going to meet her at the

7 If you live in a very hot country it is good to have an

8 A plane and a helicopter are both kinds of _

9 I need this letter to arrive quickly so I will send it by

^ l i s e £ n g l L t f a

The sentences in this passage are in the wrong order Read each one through carefully and then put them in the correct order Write a number from 1 -10

in the box provided Follow the example.

□ The very first plane was invented and built by two brothers called

Orville and Wilbur Wright

□ Other pilots worked for the newly established mail service

□ Almost 10 years later he was proved right when planes proved

invaluable in the First World War

□ After the war, however, no-one needed the planes or pilots any more

□ In 1907, the third flyer flew an astonishing 24 miles non-stop

□ It was only then that President Roosevelt realized the importance of

the Wright’s invention

□ It was called Flyer and it flew 120 feet on 17th December 1903

□ Working for the mail service was dangerous as the pilots had to fly

in all kinds of weather with no radios

□ Some unemployed pilots travelled around America performing amazing

flying stunts to huge crowds

□ He saw that the plane could be used as a powerful military weapon

15

u n it 3 A World of Water

A Use the -in g form o f the verb phrases in the box to rewrite these sentences Follow the example.

to buy bottled water to drink unclean water to add sugar

to boil water to swim far out to sea to live without water

1 it’s impossible for all animals and plants

Living without water is impossible for all animals and plants

9 it’s vey unhealthy and unhygienic

3 it makes tea taste different

4 it’s dangerous

5 it’s expensive

6 it’s the easiest way to make water clean

B There are many activities which use water Using the -in g form o f the verb

phrases given, say whether you love, like, d islik e or h a te doing the following things and give a reason why you feel the way you do Follow the example.

to drink cold water on a

hot day

to wash the dishes

to wash the window’s

to swim in the sea

to stand in the rain

C Complete these sentences using the correct forms o f the pairs o f verbs in the

box Follow the example.

I like watching _ the rain as long as I am dry indoors

I knew Phil didn’t like my cooking when he to a restaurantfor dinner

My baby brother Frank

Claire the vase

You will become a good swimmer if you _

I an umbrella so I often get wet!

j so he is always dirty

_ every day

My father_

When you_

.because he never caught any fish

_that water, please wash the glass

D Complete these sentences saying what you would do in these situations (There

are lots o f possible answers, so just think o f what you would do.) Follow the example.

1 If I got lost in a big city

2 If I was very thirsty

3 If I won a million dollars

4 If I saw a traffic accident

5 If I fell into the sea

6 If I was late for work

I would ask someone for directions/l would buy a map.

fcAl HQC mAi nguy CNi TRUNGTIMBQC LTfiD

17

A Water can come in many different shapes and sizes Match these words describing

water in Column A with the correct meanings in Column B Follow the example.

1 puddle e) a) when there is no rain for a long time

3 damp c) tiny particles of water floating in the air

5 steam e) a little pool of water on the ground

6 drop f) a little, but not totally, wet

7 shower g) water that is so cold, it is solid

8 drought h) the movement of water in the sea

10 stream _ j) when there is too much rain and the water

causes damage

b Use the words above to complete the following sentences Follow the example.

1 During the drought all the crops were ruined and many animals died from lack of water

2 I knew it was starting to rain when a _ of water landed on my nose

3 It wasn’t raining any more but I still got wet by stepping in a big

4 Don’t go out in the cold when your hair is _

5 Could I have some _ in my drink - it’s a little warm

6 The _ was so serious many houses were swept away and several peopledrowned

7 The children got their feet wet w'hen a huge _ swept up the beach

8 The _ was quite narrow so we jumped over it

9 Take your umbrella - it looks like there might be a soon

(TA ajl o 4 £n g liiii

Choose one o f the sentence endings from the list (A -J) to complete each blank

in the passage Follow the example.

Water is a central part of all life on Earth In fact, J However, living things are not the only things affected by water The Earth itself has been coloured, shaped and changed

One of the greatest natural monuments to the power of water is the GrandCanyon The Grand Canyon is found in Arizona, The canyon is like ahuge split in the surface of the earth It covers an immense area stretching for 350 kilometres through the desert,

The canyon was formed by the waters of the Colorado River Millions of yearsago, As it did so, the water cut a channel through Where theriver divided, towers of stone formed between the gradually widening canyon walls The various channels became deeper and deeper until, after six million years, _This process has never ended, however, and the river continues to

Today, the Grand Canyon i s Over three million people visit it every yearand no one is disappointed with what they find The canyon is indeed an awe-inspiring spectacle,

A the river began flowing through the desert

B the canyon, as we know it today, had been formed

C one of the biggest tourist attractions in America

D and measuring between 6 and 29 km wide and up to 1,740 metres deep

E and is one of the most beautiful sights in America

F cut through the desert rock and make the canyon gradually deeper

deeper

and

G as well as a breathtaking reminder of the power of water

H by the water moving across its surface

I the layers of rock which formed the desert

J there could be no life on Earth without water

19

1 I have lots of hobbies For example I enjoy listening to music.

2 We couldn’t afford tickets to the concert we couldn’t go to it

3 I could choose an instrument to play, _I wouldplay the flute

I

4 I like most music , I don’t like jazz

5 There are many kinds of modem music _is rock music

6 Neil doesn’t have a job , he is unemployed

7 I like more traditional music, _ folk music

8 Most young people like pop and rock music _ , there are somewho prefer classical and traditional music

9 Music is like a common language _, it is something everyonecan understand and enjoy

10 1 love music, I have a lot of records and CDs

B Rewrite these direct questions and statements as r e p o r te d sp eech Follow the

example.

1 "Will you carry my bags for me?" she asked him

She asked him if he would carry her baas for her. _

2 "Will you buy this hat for me?" she asked him

3 "You remind me of someone, but I’m not sure who," she said

4 "Shall I ask a policeman for directions?" he asked Fiona

5 "I will go to the bank this afternoon," she told Frank.

6 "The maid will make the bed," she explained

C Rewrite these reported questions and statements as d ir e c t sp eech Follow the

example

1 He said to his mother he would never sell that house

"I will never sell this house." he said to his mother.

2 She asked me if I would meet her before the exam

3 I said to him I would meet him at the station

4 They asked us whether we would go to the party

5 He asked her if she would help him with his homework

6 He told her he wouldn’t see her

D Write the requests these people might make, using the words in brackets Follow

the example.

1 I’m very hungry, (make/sandwich) Would you mind making me a sandwich?

2 I’m very thirsty, (get/water) _

3 I’m very tired, (carry/bags)

4 I feel ill (call/doctor) _

5 I can’t hear the television, (turn up/volume) _

6 I can’t do my English homework, (tell/answers)

7 I’m feeling rather cold, (close/window)

8 I don’t have any money, (pay/dinner)

r()oeahul arif

A When the strings o f an instrument v ib ra te they cause vib ra tion s Complete

this table with the appropriate nouns from the verbs given Use your dictionary

to help you Follow the example.

21

V erb s N oun s(to) move (the) movement(to) answer

(to) see(to) live(to) know(to) react(to) build(to) speak(to) think(to) discover

B We have looked at parts o f the body named after things they resemble Many

expressions in English include the names o f parts o f the body Match the definitions in the box with the underlined phrases in the sentences below Write the letter beside the sentence Follow the example.

a) to help someone f) to sympathize with and comfort

b) to get rid of someone someone

c) to know what to expect g) to congratulate someone

d) to say something tactless h) to finally talk about something thate) to be ready to listen has been worrying you

1 When the teacher said something very important, the class were all pars

[e]

2 If you lose your job, you may need a shoulder to crv on to make you feel

3 He had been feeling guilty for a long time until he got it off his chest by

4 Tuan gave his girlfriend the elbow because he didn’t have time to see her

7 When Lan was having trouble with her homework, Diep gave her a hand

8 He really put his foot in it when he said he disliked Son - Son was

worship For much people, music also plays an 4 _important part in there private and social lives People 5 _play music in their homes for their own please and

music is usually played at parties and dances for person 6 _

to enjoy and dance to Music is also often connected on 7 _work In the past, workers like builders and sailors 8 _often sing as they worked This was because the work 9 _they did, such as pulling ropes and hitting nails,

required the strict rhythm Songs with a strong beat, 1 0 _like sailor’s shanties, helped them to kept this rhythm 1 1 _and work effectively or safely Now that most heavy

work is carried out for machines, these workers’ songs 1 2 _are rare, but it is still common to hear music from the 1 3 _radio playing in offices and factorys Music is also used 14

by different countries to express their nationally 1 5 _identity Every countries has its own national anthem 16 _which is often sung at state events, and at international

events such as the Olympics Music can also being 17 _important to countries at times of war Some music, 1 8 _such as the Scottish bagpipes and the rhythmish

chanting of the Maori haka, is meaning to frighten the 19 enemy so much that they run away before the fighting 2 0 even starts!

23

unit 6 An English-Speaking World

3 We _ listening to the radio when there was a power cut

4 Soon, I will be far away but I thinking of you

5 This time last year I living with my parents Now I _living in my own flat

6 It was terrible! I _ eating an apple when I saw two big worms

in it They _ eating the apple too!

7 Just now I _ working in a factory and my brother _working on a farm Next year, we _ working in the same jobs.Both of us _ working in an office

8 What _ we doing for homework this week? I listening

9 Most of my friends _ coming to the party Jill coming andboth her brothers coming but Henry coming because

he is ill

10 I going on holiday in a few days This time next week I

_lying on the beach

B Complete these sentences with the correct form o f the auxiliary verb Follow the

example.

1 English is spoken by many people

2 People taught English all over the world

3 In the past, English spoken by very few people

4 In the future, English spoken by even more people

5 English _ always spoken in our English class

6 English _ brought to many countries by armies and traders

8 English _ used as a second language in several countries.

9 The class _ held on Tuesday next week

10 I told to learn English to help my career

C Complete these sentences with the correct form o f the auxiliary verb Follow the

example.

1 People have been speaking English for hundreds of years

2 English _ spoken in America since it was colonized

3 I learnt several languages in my lifetime

4 We _ never met an English person until we met Mr Jones

5 When I finish Hamlet tomorrow, I _ read every day written byShakespeare

6 We _ waiting for 20 minutes when the teacher finally arrived

7 English _ established by the time Shakespeare was bom

8 Sam passed his English exam What a relief!

9 He studying every night for a month

10 By the end of this course you _ learnt enough English to surviveabroad

D Complete these sentences using the prepositions from the box Follow the example.

1 In _ the 17th century, English speakers travelled from

Britain _to _ many different countries

2 They travelled boat and foot

3 They marched deserts and jungles

4 Now English is used by millions _ people

5 I learn English the English school in Saigon

6 I can only go to evening classes as I work _ the day

7 My teacher is American She lives _ her husband in a house

the school

25

<Z)e e ahulary

A Some verbs can be changed into adjectives by adding the suffix -able

E xam ple

The rise of English is a remarkable story

Look at the underlined verbs in the first sentences Then add -a b le and use the adjective to complete the second sentence Follow the example.

1 People will employ you if you can speak English

If you can speak English you will be more employable

2 It is difficult to predict the way English words are spelt

Spelling in English is not very _

3 It is easy to understand why countries colonized by the British speak

English

It is that America and Australia speak English

4 I love my cat It is so sweet and fluffy

My cat is very _

5 Tom’s English composition was very untidy, but the teacher accepted it anyway

The composition was _ even though it was untidy

6 Be careful not to break that vase

Be careful That vase looks

7 Greg looked at the details of the English course and decided that it would suit him

Greg decided that the course was

8 We really believed the things which happened in the film

The film was very _

9 Hien is so kind Everyone likes her

Hien is a very _ girl

b A n ton ym s are words which mean the opposite o f each other Here is a list of

words from the reading passage in your textbook Decide what part o f speech they are, and then match each one with its a n ton ym Follow the example.

1 noun rise (1.1) e) _ a) foreign

Although English 1 spoken in many countries it is not 1

really an international language This is 2 it gives an 2

unfair advantage to countries like the USA and Britain

which use English as a 3 language A truly international 3

4 would be one which had to be learned as a second 4

language by all 5 making everyone equal This was the 5

opinion of Dr L.L Zamanhof who 6 1887 created the world’s 6

most succesful international language, called Esperanto 7 word 7

esperanto 8 "one who hopes" in that language Zamanhof 8

hoped that if everyone in the world would learn one language,

it would help create goodwill and friendship 9 nations 9

Esperanto was designed to be easy to 10 Its rules of 10

grammar and spelling are simple 11 are 28 letters in the 11

alphabet and each one corresponds to only 12 sound Nouns end 12

in o, adjectives end in a and adverbs end in e Plurals are

made by adding j These 13 have no exceptions, so there are 13

14 irregular verbs and strange endings for plurals in 14

Esperanto (unlike English!)

Esperanto is now 15 in about 90 countries around the world 15

and many newspapers and books published in it Some 16 even 16

offer courses in Esperanto However, until 17 is a compulsory 17

subject in schools everywhere, it will 18 become the means of 18

international understanding Dr Zamanhof 19 19

27

u n it 7 Left or Right?

i^vamm av

A Rewrite these a ctiv e sentences in the p r e s e n t or p a s t p a s s iv e form Remember

to change the object o f the sentence into the subject The objects are underlined Follow the example.

1 The waiter served our food

Our food was served bv the water.

2 The children ate the apples

3 Left-handed people use special scissors and tin-openers

4 We know that many sports players are left-handed

5 The hotel porter carried our bags

6 Most people wear their watches on their left wrist

7 My father made these left-handed golf clubs in 1975

8 The fact that he was left-handed surprised me

B Rewrite these p a s s iv e sentences in the a ctiv e form Follow the example.

1 My whole family is employed by the same company

The same com pany employs mv whole family. _

2 My wallet was stolen by a thief

3 The company is owned by his father

4 The tourists were told not to go out by the tour guide

5 I was given a new watch by my son

6 Too many sweets are eaten by children.

C Join these pairs o f sentences together in two ways, using the structures to +

in fin itiv e and in o r d e r to (or in o rD e r n o t to ) Follow the example.

1 I went running I wanted to get fit

I went running to get fit. _

I went running in order to get fit.

2 Hugh is going to a night class He is learning English

3 They visited Nepal They climbed Everest

4 He buys a newspaper every day He reads the news

5 Shane was living with his parents He was saving money

6 I will work hard I will pass my exams

D We often use the structure so th a t when there is a modal verb (eg can, cou ld ,

w ill, w ould) in the clause o f purpose Join these pairs o f sentences, using the structure so th a t {and so th a t not) and a suitable modal verb Follow the example.

1 I lent her some money I wanted her to buy some warm clothes

I lent her some money so that she could buy some warm clothes.

2 The teacher spoke clearly We could understand what she said

3 I have bought a new car Now I can drive to work

4 I will practise driving every day I will pass my driving test

29

5 We moved to the city We wanted the children to go to a good school.

6 I took the day off work Then I could go to the dentist

A We can turn some nouns into adjectives by adding -ed The meaning is similar

to w ith or having

E xam ple

It was a long-legged horse

This means the horse had long legs

Match the adjectives with their definitions Follow the example.

e) angryf) saying one thing and doing another thing

g) food prepared well

B In the passage we learnt about the a d v a n ta g es and D is a d v a n ta g e s of being left-handed The prefix dis- is just one way we can make words negative We can also use im-, as in impossible, un-, as in unfair, and in-, as in indecent

Add the correct prefix to the words in the box and then use the a n to n y m s you

have made to complete the sentences Follow the example

1 Years ago left-handed children tried to use their right hand so as not to

displease their teachers

2 The coat was cheap because it was -one of the buttons was missing

3 Harry tried to the door, but he had the wrong key

4 Don’t be so -I’ll be ready in a few minutes

5 Only one in 10 people are left-handed It is quite to be left handed

6 Dickens did not finish his last novel -it was left

7 You got eight out of 10 for your homework Two of your answers were

8 Jack says it is terrible to be left-handed but I _ -I think there areadvantages to it

9 As soon as the train stopped we began to our luggage

10 Children should never their parents

( H a il o f £>n g l i i h _

Choose one o f the sentence endings from the list (A -L) to complete the blanks

in the passage Follow the example.

In m odem times, left-handed people C However, whether someone is left

or right-handed, For example, you need only look at a person’s fingers andhands to know whether they do physical work or not A farmer or fisherman will have rough, thickened skin on his hands _

In some countries and cultures the fingernails also In ancient China,rich people would grow their fingernails very long and paint them gold Thiswas to show that their hands These long nails were actually veryuncomfortable So, in later years, However, a similar traditionsurvives today when

Another way our hands can give away informai;ion about us is through the ancient tradition of wearing wedding rings Just by looking at a woman’s hand

we know This was originally very symbolic The wedding ring It isalso always worn on the left hand which, This was meant to symbolizethe weakness of women, and their dependency on men This symbolism is completely forgotten these days, however,

A women grow their nails quite long and paint them with bright-coloured nail varnish.

B give a clue as to what sort of work a person does

C are no longer regarded as strange or dangerous

D and men as well as women now happily wear a wedding ring

E whether she is single, engaged or married

F whereas the hands of a teacher or doctor will still be smooth and soft

G and made the most simple of tasks almost impossible!

H is worn on the fourth finger, which is the weakest finger

I this habit was limited to the fingernail on the little finger only

J for the majority of people, is the weaker hand

K were never used to do any work

L their hands can still say a lot about what sort of person they are

u n it 9 G reat Britain and

a) begin a career, hobby or activity f) stop doing something

b) let someone stay at your house g) arrange something in its

c) postpone something, arrange to do proper place

it later h) give something for free as a giftd) emit something, like a smell, or a i) remove clothing

e) subtract

1 I can’t afford to go to England this year Can we put it off until next

2 My feet are so sore in these shoes I really want to take them off CD

3 If you take awav three from 10 you are left with seven ED

4 Your books are lying on the floor Put them awav in the cupboard

5 I think I will rive ud teaching I reallv don’t eniov it □

6 I am going to take ud running to trv to get fit □

7 Don’t throw out vour old clothes -rive them awav to charitv □

8 I need somewhere to stay Would you put me ujj for a few days? □

9 This fish is riving off a verv strange smell -do vou think it might

10 You are not allowed to smoke in here Please put out vour cigarpf+p □

33

B Now use the underlined phrasal verbs from the last exercise to fill in the gaps

Remember to use the right form o f the verb Follow the example.

1 Hoa took up many hobbies after he retired, including fishing

2 Mr Dang said he’d _Tom in his house until Tom found

a house of his own

3 "I’m sorry, I can’t come Can we put it until later?"

4 The factory _ a terrible smell of bad eggs

5 If you six from 10 you get four

6 I have smoking -I haven’t had a cigarette for six months

7 The children never their toys -their mother gets angry because

of the mess

8 Sau is all his clothes as they are all too big for him now

c Decide whether you m ake or d o these thing Follow the example.

1 You make _ a mistake

2 You a favour for someone

3 You _ a lot of noise

4 You a success of something

5 You exercise to keep fit

6 You a cake

7 You _ your homework

8 Y o u a list of "things to _ "

D Use the p ast sim p le and past c o n tin u o u s tenses to write sentences using the

notes below Follow the example.

1 walk along street/see robbery/call police

I was walking along the street when I saw the robbery. When I saw the robbery I called the police.

2 play football/hurt head/go doctor

3 read book/lights go out/go bed

4 clean windows/fall off ladder/break leg

5 live with parents/finish school/start college

6 look out window/see friend/shout and wave

( D o c a i m l a v i j

A Countries often have the word la n d in their name, such as S co tla n d which means th e la n d o f th e S cottish p eo p le Many other words also use the word

lan d Match these words in Column A with their meanings in Column B

Follow the example

1 landmass _ 0 a) someone who owns land

2 landowner _ _b) towards land and away from open sea

3 landslide _ c) the act of arriving on land after a flight

4 landwards _ d) someone who owns and rents out houses or flats

5 landmark _ e) wide view of attractive countryside

6 landlord _ f) a very large area of land

7 landing _ g) well-known building or feature of a place

8 landscape _ h) movement of earth down a mountainside

B Now use the words above to complete these sentences Follow the example.

1 The landowner was very kind and let people walk across his land

2 After the long sea voyage the ship finally turned _

3 Even though the weather was bad, the plane’s _ was verysmooth

4 South America, Central America, North America, Canada and Alaska make

up one, huge _

5 The roof of the house began to leak so we complained to the, _and he had it fixed

35

6 We looked out of our hotel window and saw a beautiful .

7 After weeks of rain, a serious has blocked the only roadthrough the mountains

8 The Great Wall is the best known _ in China

Correct the following passage using the rules given Follow the example.

Corrections should be done as follows:

Word needing to be changed

a) underline the incorrect word, and

b) write the correct word in the space provided.

Missing word

a) mark the position with a X and

b) write the missing word in the space provided.

Extra word

a) put an X through the word you wish to cross out, and

b) write the word you have crossed out in the space provided.

Flags can represent an idea, like the white flag of

surrender, or the organization, like the Red Cross They 1

too can also represent information or instructions like the 2

signal flags using on board ships However, the most 3

important set of flags were the national flags which 4

represent the land, people and beliefs different countries 5

Every country in world has a unique flag although 6

most are made up of one or more of seven basic colours 7

-red, white, blue, green, yellow, black and orange Many 8

flags include symbols who are significant in that country 9

-the symbol of the cross is being on the flags of many

Christian nations, while the crescent and star, symbolizing

peace and life, on many Muslim nation’s flags 10

Many flags tell us something the history or formation 11

of their countries The of British flag, called the Union 12

Jack, is made up of three difference crosses -Saint 13

Scotland or Saint Patrick’s Cross of Ireland The flags of 14Australia and New Zealand include a Union Jack to 15 show they’re historic links with Great Britain.

National flags could also symbolize possession or

conquest When the old European powers were 16establishing their empires, those would hoist their flag 17

in whatever countries they decided they now they ruled

Mountaineers have always planted flags on the top of 18mountains and the first astronauts to land the moon 19

u n it 10 Traffic Lights

^ v a m m a r

A Join the words and their suffixes in the boxes to create suitable in d efin ite

p r o n o u n s to complete the sentences below Follow the example.

1 I don’t know anybody who doesn’t own a car

2 I’d like to go _ interesting for my holiday, like Egypt

3 I’m going to the supermarket -do you need _ ?

4 I was the only person in the building -there was else there

5 I’m so bored, I’ve got to do

6 All my friends have been abroad but I’ve never been _

7 Did _ see the traffic accident?

8 I’ve got _ important to tell you so you’d better sit down

9 I will find you wherever you go -there is _ you can hide

10 sent me these flowers, but I don’t know who

B Answer these questions truthfully using an appropriate in d e fin ite p ron ou n

Follow the example.

1 Have you ever been anywhere very cold?

Yes I have been somewhere very cold. _

or

No I haven’t been anvwhere/l have been nowhere very cold.

2 Have you ever met anyone famous?

Have you ever done anything dangerous?

Have you ever visited anywhere in China?

Have you ever talked to anyone in a different language?

6 Have you ever eaten anything unusual?

7 Have you ever been lost anywhere?

8 Have you ever lost anything precious?

C You are very jealous o f your friend Complete these sentences using an in fin itiv e

with a p r e p o s itio n saying why you are jealous of him Follow the example.

1 Frank relies on lots of good friends

I don ’t have lots of good friends to relv on

2 He sleeps in a comfortable bed

3 He approves of his children

4 He rides in an expensive car

5 He dreams about his beautiful wife

6 He lives in a beautiful house

7 He works at an antique, wooden desk

8 He walks in his beautiful garden

D Fill in the blanks with the a g r eein g or d isa g reein g expressions in the box

Follow the example.

Not at all

No, I haven’t

Yes, I will Yes, so do I

I agree

I totally disagree

1 "Will you work hard for your exam?" “Yes, 1 will.*

2 "I really like playing football, do you?" _

3 "Studying English is a waste of time." , it will help you get abetter job."

4 "Do you smoke?” _ , I’ve never smoked even one cigarette.’’

5 "Have you ever been to China?" _

6 "The film was really good." _, I enjoyed it was well."

<l)oeabularii

A Many expressions in English use colou rs Match these expressions in Column

A with their meanings in Column B Follow the example.

Colum n A

1 to feel blue hi

2 when a subject is

black and white

3 to have green fingers

9 to wave the white flag

10 once in a blue moon

Column Ba) to be very angryb) to only see the good things in life

c) very, very rarelyd) when it is clear what is right and wrong

e) to surrender or give up a flight

D to be good at growing plants

g) to be sore and covered with

bruisesh) to be sad or depressed