Finishing process and parameters

Objectives of this Project: The objects of this project is to study an effective and consistent finishing effects through stabilizing dryer on knit fabric.. Knit fabric Finishing  The

Finishing Process and parameters

Prepared By : Mazadul Hasan sheshir ID: 2010000400008

13 th Batch (session 2009-2013) Department : Wet Processing Technology Email: mazadulhasan@yahoo.com

Blog : www Textilelab.blogspot.com (visit)

Southeast University

Department Of Textile Engineering I/A 251,252 Tejgaon Dhaka Banglade sh

Prepared By :

“Study An Effective And Consistent Finishing Effect Through Stabilizing Dryer on Knit Fabric“

Total Textile Process at a Glance

Introduction

of finishing of textile We’ve tried our best to include all the important term related to textile finishing I hope we could know some important parameter and suggestion on textile finishing.

Objectives of this Project:

 The objects of this project is to study an effective and consistent finishing effects through stabilizing dryer on knit fabric

 To study about assistant device that improve quality, effect and production

 To improve crease mark, hand feel, appearance, smoothness, shrinkages etc

Knit fabric Finishing

 The term finishing, in a broad sense it covers all the processes of making the fabric good looking, good hand feeling, luster and of course for buyer requirement It

is done after dying and before delivery to market Various types of parameters are controlled during finishing section considering buyer requirement The term also includes bleaching, dyeing, mercerizing etc But normally the term is restricted to the final stage in the sequence of treatment of Knit fabrics after bleaching and dyeing However, fabrics which are neither bleached nor dyed are also finished.

Objects of finishing:

The aim of finishing is to render textile goods fit for their purpose

or end use Besides that, finishing can be done for achieving the following purposes-

 a) To improve fabric attractiveness.

- By modification of fabric appearance(optical brightening), -By altering fabric handle (Softening, Stiffening)

-Control of fabric dimension (Sanforising, Compacting)

 b) To improve service ability.

-Protection of fabric (Flame proofing, Water proofing)

-Improved performance (Water repellency, Raising)

-Easy care properties (Resin finish, Crease recovery)

Types of finishing:

 1) Chemical finishing: Softener,

Biopolishing, Enzyme, UV Protection, Anticreaase, Silicon Finish etc.

 2) Mechanical finishing: Shrinkage, Raising and Shearing,

Finishing effects:

 Easy - care

 Crease recovery

 Dimensional stability

 Good abrasion resistance

 Improved tear strength

 Good sew ability

 Soft or stiff hand feel

 Shine or luster

Sequence of finishing

Tube fabric finishing

Hydro-extractor

↓ De-watering

↓ Dryer

↓ Tubular compactor

Open fabric finishing

Hydro-extractor

↓ Slitting & De-watering

↓ Dryer

↓ Stenter

↓ Open Compactor

Observation of Different Finishing m/c:

Slitting machine:

This machine is used to make the tube fabric into open form.

Machine parts and functions :

 Rotary blade: To cut the fabric through break wales line

 Ring: To help cutting

 Guide Roller: To guide the fabric to plaiting

 Plaiting: To plate the fabric

 Sensor: sense for cutting through break wales line

Fig4: Slitting Machine

Tube Squeezer or De-Watering M/C

de-watering This is the process to remove the water from the fabric partially by squeezing This is the main function of the squeezing machine.

 Important parts

-Twist detector

-Expander

-Padder

The basic function of the squeezing m/c:

-To remove the water from the fabric

-To control the width of the fabric

-To control the length of the fabric

-To control the spirality of the fabric

-To control the over feeding system

-To increase the softness of the fabric

-To remove the crease mark of the fabric

Dryer m/c:

Dryer machine is used to dry the fabric with the help of the steam Besides drying it controls the shrinkage and prepares the fabric for the next process

Types of Dryer :

 Gas Dryer

 Stem Dryer

The basic function of the dryer:

 To dry the fabric

 To control the over feed system (Shrinkage control)

 To control the GSM of the fabric

Important Parts of dryer m/c:

 Conveyor net

 Chamber

 Burner

 Exhaust air fan

 Over feed roller

 Filter net

 Fan

 Nozzle

Stenter machine:

Stenter machine is very important for finishing

knit fabric in open form It can be used for the

following functions:

 Heat setting is done by the stenter for lycra fabric,

synthetic and blended fabric

Skew and bow are controlled through stenter

Finishing chemical apply on fabric by the stenter

Loop of the knit fabric is controlled

 GSM, Dia, Spirality, Shrinkage, Moisture of the fabric is

controlled by stenter

Fabric is dried by the stentering process

Curing treatment for resin, water repellent fabric is done by the stenter

picture of stenter m/c:

Parts of Stenter Machine:

Before stenter After stenter

Finishing effect of stenter m/c

There are some faults found in stenter machine for specially S/j fabrics:

•Even input in stenter

•Man power reduction

•Use sensor for even temperature, even pressure, even steam, reduction fuel for producing steam or hot air

Figure-: Plevia Machine

COMPACTOR MACHINE:

Compactor is a textile finishing machine which is

designed specially for compacting 100% cotton knitted fabric like jersey, pique, interlock & rib etc as well as cotton blended fabric in rope form

The basic functions of the Tube compactor m/c:

 Tube compactor is used to finish knit fabric in tube form

 To control the GSM (Increase & decrease).

 To control dia.

 To control the shrinkage (Increase & decrease).

Functions of the Open Compactor m/c:

 To compact the fabric in open form

 To control the GSM (Increase & decrease).

 To control the dia.

 To control the shrinkage (Increase & decrease).

 Special note on compactor finishing:

 In case of light color padder pressure should be low

Otherwise shade will be lighter

 If the padder is not clean, then line mark can appear in the fabric

 Fabric dia, extension, speed, compaction & overfeed will

vary depending on the fabric type and finishing

requirements

 In the case of low GSM S/J fabric padder pressure and

speed will be maximum

 In the case of high GSM S/J fabric then padder pressure and speed will be minimum

 In case of Lycra single jersey fabric, speed & padder

pressure will be minimum

Before Compactor After Compactor

Finishing effect of Compactor m/c

 Small amount of water is

 Access water is removed.

 Low GSM can be adjusted.

 Crease mark isn’t appeared

 Luster medium

 Hand feel good

 GSM is adjusted

 Shrinkage is removed

can easily control of low GSM fabric About 10 GSM can be controlled Dimensional stability can be also controlled.

Brio machine:

It is one of the latest finishing m/c in textile It can be

used in stead of Tumble dryer It can finish of textile material without any change of fabric appearance

Function of Brio machine:

 To dry evenly

 It makes good appearance of fabric

 To control the GSM

 To remove crease mark

 Significant luster improve

 To create finishing effect by vibration

 Ideal for decorative and sensitive fabric

Before Brio After Brio

Before Brio After Brio

Finishing effect of Brio m/c:

 Crease marks are appeared

 Luster is not good

 Very good appearance

 Hand feel is good

 GSM is adjusted

Graphical view of 140GSM s/j fabric spirality % (Before Brio Process)

Graphical view of spirality %.(After Brio Process)

S/ No spirility%

1 2.5%

2 5%

3 1%

4 1.33%

Graphical veiw shrinkage %.

 Dust storage unit is present.

 Dia of the fabric will reduce after brushing (ex-20%) and thus fabric must run to the stenter m/c after

brushing.

 fabric GSM will reduce.

 This is a mechanical action and once produced cannot be changed

Before brush After brush

 Conclusion: In this project, different important

factors are discussed on knit fabric finishing that can impact on finishing All the reports are done by

practical knowledge from different industry and

finally some important factors which are obtained from knitting to dyeing and finishing So deviations are obtained and the reason of the problem must observe to avoid in further Because customers are always worried about the product quality We hope this project work will be very helpful in our practical industrial life

Finishing machine manufacturer

1 Yarn Manufacturing Technology

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