Italian Now A Level One Worktext - Giáo trình tiếng Ý

Familiar SpeechGreetings Titles: Part 1The Use of Titles in Italy The Forms che, fra, and tra Masculine and Feminine NounsThe Article: Part 1 Hellos and Good-byesTransportation in Italy

An ideal worktext for classroom use in beginning high school and college Italian courses,

Italian Now! Level 1 emphasizes practical, functional use of spoken and written Italian as it is used in

everyday situations It also offers a solid foundation in the basics of Italian grammar, vocabulary,

verb forms, idioms, and sentence structure Other features include:

■ Dialogues ■ Word Games

■ Entertaining Stories

■ Humorous Cartoon-Style Illustrations

■ Photos of Italian Landmarks

■ Enjoyable exercises to help you achieve proficiency in speaking, listening, reading, and writing Italian

■ Entertaining stories, dialogues, word games

■ Practical, functional use of Italian in everyday situations that will stimulate communication in Italian

■ An ideal text and workbook for both classroom use and self-instruction

Let’s talk in Italian!

© Copyright 2005 by Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.

All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced

in any form, by photostat, microfilm, xerography,

or any other means, or incorporated into any information retrieval system, electronic or mechanical, without the written permission

of the copyright owner.

All inquiries should be addressed to:

Barron’s Educational Series, Inc.

250 Wireless Boulevard Hauppauge, New York 11788

http://www.barronseduc.com

Library of Congress Control No 2004057497

ISBN-13: 978-0-7641-3073-1 ISBN-10: 0-7641-3073-0

Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data

Danesi, Marcel, 1946–

Italian now! : level 1 = L’italiano d’oggi : livello primario / [Marcel Danesi].

p cm.

ISBN 0-7641-3073-0 (alk paper)

1 Italian language—Textbooks for foreign speakers—English

2 Italian language—Self-instruction I Title: Italiano d’oggi II Title PC1129.E5D37 2005

458.2 ′421—dc22 2004057497

PRINTED IN THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA

19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10

7_3073_FM_7_3073_FM 4/27/10 9:27 AM Page ii

Table of Contents

Preface ix

About This Book x

Pronunciation and Spelling xii

Part 1: Basic Skills 1

Polite AddressMasculine vs Feminine Forms

IntroductionsGreeting Someone in Italy

Polite vs Familiar SpeechGreetings

Titles: Part 1The Use of Titles in Italy

The Forms che, fra, and tra

Masculine and Feminine NounsThe Article: Part 1

Hellos and Good-byesTransportation in Italy

GenderThe Article: Part 2

The Verb essere: Part 1Subject Pronouns: Part 1Schooling in Italy

Cardinal NumbersPlural FormsThe Article: Part 3Italian Currency

Part 2: Expanding Basic Skills 59

Telling TimeThe Article: Part 4Contractions: Part 1Italian Time

The WeatherThe Adjective bello: Part 1

The People and Regions of Italy

DatesContractions: Part 2Subject Pronouns: Part 2Present Indicative of dire,andare, and venire

Italian Holidays

Family and Relatives

The Article: Part 5

The Italian Family

Plural NounsThe Article: Part 6Demonstrative AdjectivesPossession

Italian Weddings

Part 3: Interacting with People 129

Possessive Adjectives: Part 1

The Present Indicative of Regular First Conjugation VerbsNegative Verbs

Contractions: Part 3The Italian Language

Unit 12 Capisce l’italiano? 148

Possessive Adjectives: Part 2The Present Indicative of Regular Second Conjugation Verbs

The Present Indicative of Regular Third Conjugation Verbs: Part 1

Italian Addresses

The Present Indicative of Regular Third Conjugation Verbs: Part 2

The Irregular Verbs dare,fare, and volere

The Imperative of Regular VerbsThe Imperative of Irregular VerbsItalian Cities

Possessive Adjectives: Part 3The Partitive: Part 1

Italian Government

The Adjective bello: Part 2The Verb piacere: Part 1Descriptive AdjectivesItalian Housing

Part 4: Daily Life 213

Ordinal Numbers

Spelling Peculiarities of First Conjugation VerbsThe Present Perfect of First Conjugation VerbsComputer Terms in Italian

The Present Perfect of Second and Third Conjugation Verbs

Verbs with Irregular Past ParticiplesThe Imperfect of essere and fare

Italy and Banking

Unit 18 Non ho capito! 248

Titles: Part 2Contractions: A SummaryThe Imperfect of First Conjugation Verbs

Italian Grammar

Interrogative FormsThe Imperfect of Second Conjugation VerbsThe Verb piacere: Part 2

Italian Fashion

The Imperfect of Third Conjugation VerbsIrregular Verbs in the Imperfect

The Verb piacere: Part 3Nouns Ending in an Accented VowelItalian Coffee

Part 5: Getting Around 301

The Present ProgressiveThe Partitive: Part 2The Particle ne

Demonstrative Pronouns

Dante: il padre della lingua italiana

Object Pronouns: Part 1The Past Absolute of Regular VerbsThe Past Absolute of Irregular VerbsL’opera

Object Pronouns: Part 2

Food PreparationsThe Negative ImperativeL’arte

Unit 24 Vuoi uscire stasera? 360

Object Pronouns: Part 3Peculiar Verb Uses

Le origini della letteratura italiana

The Human BodySpelling Changes in Plural FormationObject Pronouns: Part 4

Fellini e il cinema italiano

Part 6: Hobbies and Vacations 393

The Expression fare il biglietto

Different Words for “Window”

Irregular Verbs in the Future and ConditionalThe Verb piacere: Part 4

Alitalia

The Future and Conditional PerfectReflexive Verbs

Pisa

English and Greek Words in ItalianAdjectives Referring to Physical and Social TraitsThe Imperative with Unstressed Object PronounsReciprocal Forms

The Pluperfect

Il calcio

Unit 30 Dov’è il telecomando? 461

ComparisonThe SuperlativeAdverbs of MannerAdjectives of Nationality

This book will introduce you to the Italian language in a simple yet comprehensive way It is made

up of brief units (instead of long and complicated chapters), with digestible information in them This

will allow you to gain skills gradually and effortlessly

This book can be used profitably by:

• all those who want to learn Italian from scratch on their own;

• students enrolled in a primary level Italian language course, whether it be in a middle or highschool, a college, a university, or a continuing studies program;

• those who know some Italian already and wish to improve upon their knowledge of the language;

• anyone preparing to take elementary proficiency tests in the language (since it can also beused as a reference and study manual)

Here are some study hints to take into consideration as you work your way through the book:

• Always refer to the pronunciation guides provided when attempting to pronounce new words

• Read the dialogues out loud

• Dramatize the dialogues with friends or other students

• Listen to spoken Italian at every opportunity—on radio, on television, in the movies, and soon

• Speak Italian to anyone who will listen to you!

• Consult Barron’s various Italian language CDs (available at most bookstores), for these willexpose you to the spoken language in complementary ways

About This Book

This book starts off with a preliminary unit that will introduce you to the fundamentals of Italian nunciation Do not skip it! It will help you get your feet wet in the language, so to speak

pro-There are thirty units in this text, subdivided into six 5-unit sequences, each completed by areview unit The thematic content of each sequence is based on a specific discourse area The firstfive units introduce you to the fundamentals of communication (greeting people, talking aboutyourself, etc.) These skills are extended in units 6–10 Units 11–15 are designed to illustrate howItalian is used typically to interact with people, 16–20 to negotiate situations in daily life, 21–25 toget around, and 26–30 to talk about hobbies and vacations

An important feature of this thematic approach is that the grammar is introduced in a gradual

“bit-by-bit” manner The separate forms of a grammatical category are given to you a little at a timeand then summarized later on In this way, you will get the whole “grammatical picture” in smalldigestible chunks By the end of the book, you will still know all the grammar that you will need to

go on to higher levels of study

Each of the 30 units consists of five sections

CONVERSAZIONE

Each unit starts with a brief conversation that will show you how Italian is used typically for socialinteraction—to introduce people, say hello and good-bye, talk about the weather, and so on.English translations of each conversation are provided for your convenience The 30 conversationsare designed as a continuing narrative about Dina Siracusa and her friends studying Italian in theUmbrian city of Perugia This adds a connective story element to the book that cuts across units.Read each dialogue out loud several times If you have forgotten what a word from a previous unitmeans, consult the glossaries at the back of the book

COMPRENSIONE

This section tests your comprehension of the dialogue contents Five types of exercises are usedthroughout for this purpose:

contents of the conversation

basis of the contents

dialogue

again on the basis of the contents of the conversation

x

This section lists the new words, phrases, verb forms, structures, and expressions found in the

dialogue Pronunciation guides are provided to help you pronounce difficult new items Go over this

list several times until you have familiarized yourself with it The list is followed by activities that will

allow you to use the new vocabulary right away, both in a controlled fashion and in creative ways

If this book is used in a classroom situation with a teacher, the latter is encouraged to provideadditional activities and fill in gaps of vocabulary that may arise in classroom interaction

LINGUA

This section explains, illustrates, and expands upon new items of grammar and usage found in the

dialogue Read it over carefully several times until you have mastered its contents

The technique used in presenting grammar is a “piecemeal” one and thus very easy to follow

For example, you are introduced to the forms of the definite article in different stages in the early

units Then in Unit 10 all the forms are summarized for you in a chart This method allows you to

learn the more difficult components of a grammatical system, such as the definite article forms, in

“bits and pieces” and then to see the system in its entirety in a later unit

The explanations are followed by exercises and activities that will allow you to put your newknowledge to work immediately

If this book is used in a classroom situation with a teacher, the latter is again encouraged toprovide additional activities to reinforce or expand upon what has been covered in the unit

In a textbook designed for a primary level of study, obviously not all the details andcomplexities of Italian grammar can be covered The treatment of grammar is therefore limited to

those areas that are absolutely crucial for developing basic conversational skills The subjunctive

tenses, for example, will not be covered in this text, since these involve advanced notions of

grammar and because they are less frequently used in common conversations Nevertheless, you

will find in this textbook many (if not all) of the topics covered in more elaborate and complicated

treatments

NOTA CULTURALE

In this final section, you will find out something about Italian culture that is related to the unit theme

These are brief modules that, over 30 units, can provide an in-depth picture of Italy and the Italians

REVIEW UNITS

ABOUT THIS BOOK

Pronunciation and Spelling

When new words and expressions are introduced in units, a pronunciation guide will be provided tomake it easy for you to pronounce them correctly This preliminary unit will introduce you to a fewgeneral principles and features of Italian pronunciation and spelling

VOWELS

The Italian vowels are a e i, o,u They are pronounced as follows:

In words where the i and ucome before or after another vowel (in the same syllable), they arepronounced instead as follows:

SINGLE CONSONANTS

Italian has both single and double consonants The pronunciation of single consonants is rized in the chart below:

summa-Letters Pronunciation As in… Examples Meanings

Letters Pronunciation As in… Examples Meanings

Letters Pronunciation As in… Examples Meanings

DOUBLE CONSONANTS

Double consonants are not sounded in English, even though double letters are often used (but they

represent single consonant sounds) The Italian double consonants last approximately twice as

long as corresponding single ones and are pronounced with more intensity They occur between

vowels or between a vowel and lor r

SPELLING PECULIARITIES

In general, there is a one-to-one correspondence between a sound and the letter (or letters) used

to represent it The main exceptions are as follows

Words with a stressed final vowel are written with an accent mark on the vowel The mark is

Letters Pronunciation As in… Examples Meanings

sbaglio mistake

PRONUNCIATION AND SPELLING

Words spelled with j, k w, x, and yare words that Italians have adopted from other languages,especially English.

The letter his used only in several present indicative tense forms of the verb avereto have It isalways silent

As in English, capital letters are used at the beginning of sentences and to write proper nouns(names of people, countries, etc.) However, there are a few different conventions worth noting: the

languages and nationalities are not capitalized

capital-ized (although this is optional)

tu hai you have (familiar)

lui / lei ha he / she has

loro hanno they have

Part 1: Basic Skills

Part I consists of 5-unit groups dealing with the basics of the Italian language You will also learn how to

E Lei, come si chiama?

Unit 1

Come si chiama?

CONVERSAZIONE

[Dina Siracusa and Paul Giannetti have decided to go to the beautiful Umbrian city of Perugia on a

“study in Italy” program Both have studied a little Italian back home in the U.S., and they have

come to Italy in order to learn more about the language, the Italian people, and their culture This is

their first day of class at the Università per Stranieri (University for Foreigners) The Università has

special types of courses for foreign students at all levels, from high school to university Their

Mark Cardelli, is also enrolled in the class Mark met Professor Giusti yesterday.]

Dina Mi chiamo Dina Siracusa. My name is Dina Siracusa

Dina Sì Sono di Chicago. Yes I’m from Chicago

Paul Mi chiamo Paul Giannetti. My name is Paul Giannetti

Paul Sì, ma sono italiano d’origine. Yes, but I’m of Italian origin

Dina Anch’io sono italiana d’origine. I’m also of Italian origin

americano d’origine italiana. Cardelli, another American of Italian origin

COMPRENSIONE

A Vero o falso?(True or False?)

_ 1 Dina è americana

_ 2 Paul è d’origine italiana

_ 3 La professoressa si chiama Maria Cardelli

_ 4 Dina è la professoressa

_ 5 Anche Mark è americano, ma è d’origine italiana

_ 6 Paul è di Chicago

[In each vocabulary section a capital letter will be used to indicate the accented syllable in the nunciation guides in parentheses These guides are provided only for new items whose pronunci-ation might be difficult to figure out.]

pro-PAROLE NUOVE (NEW WORDS)

italiano / italiana(eeh-tah-lyAh-noh) Italian (male / female)

ESPRESSIONI E MODI DI DIRE (EXPRESSIONS AND WAYS OF SPEAKING)

d’origine (oh-rEEh-jeeh-neh) of origin, originally

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

4

Mi chiamo Marco Antonio Mazzini Mi chiamo Bob Hi!

Della Rovere Piacere.

PRESENTAZIONI (INTRODUCTIONS)

Come si chiama? (kyAh-mah) What is your name? (polite)

Molto lieto / lieta (lyEh-toh) Delighted (to meet you)! (male / female)

Vi presento… / Le presento… Let me introduce you to… (plural) / (polite,

singular)

STRUTTURE VERBALI (VERB STRUCTURES)

ATTIVITÀ

B Come si dice in italiano?(How do you say this in Italian?)

1 Delighted to meet you (spoken by a male)

2 Delighted to meet you (spoken by a female)

Note

To form questions(1) Just add intonation:

Mark è americano? Is Mark American?

(2) Add intonation and put the subject at the end:

È americano, Mark? Is Mark American?

UNIT 1: COME SI CHIAMA?

4 Is Paul another Italian?

5 Is Dina another American?

6 Let me introduce you to Dina Siracusa (plural)

7 Let me introduce you to Mark Cardelli (polite, singular)

8 Young lady, you are American, right?

9 Sir, you are also American, aren’t you?

C Domande personali (Personal questions.)

1 Come si chiama Lei?

2 Lei è americano / americana?

3 Di che origine è (of what origin are you)?

D Gioco!(Game! )Find the Italian equivalents of thegiven words in the search puzzle

E Composition!

Write a summary of the encounter between Professor Giusti and the three American students in

your own words Here are a few expressions you might need:

LINGUA Polite Address

system of polite speech You must use

polite forms to address people with

whom you are not on a first-name basis,

such as strangers and those who have

social authority These forms convey

respect, courtesy, and formality, and you

must use them to avoid being considered

rude

Useful Vocabulary

si chiama is called (La professoressa si

chiama Maria Giusti.)

lui/lei presenta he / she introduces…

UNIT 1: COME SI CHIAMA?

Lei

Masculine vs Feminine Forms

indicate the gender of the speaker

The Forms è and e

The accent mark on the verb èdistinguishes it from e, which is the conjunction and

Introductions

In the dialogue you came across two examples of how to introduce people One involved ing someone to another person using polite (formal) speech; the other involved introducing some-one to more than one person at the same time

introduc-Le presento

Introducing Someone to Another Person Formally

Le presento Dina Siracusa Let me introduce you to Dina Siracusa

Mark è d’origine italiana. Mark is of Italian origin

Male Speaker Female Speaker

Molto lieto! / Delighted! Molto lieta! / Delighted!

(Io) sono italiano / I am Italian (Io) sono italiana / I am Italian

(Io) sono americano./ I am American (Io) sono americana / I am American

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

8

Vi presento

Introducing Someone to More than One Person at the Same Time

ATTIVITÀ

1 Mark d’origine italiana

2 Dina _ americana

3 _ Lei, come si chiama?

4 Mi _ Maria Giusti

5 Paul è americano

Vi presento Dina Siracusa Let me introduce you to Dina Siracusa

UNIT 1: COME SI CHIAMA?

H First, introduce the following people to Professor Giusti, following the model.

Model: Mark Cardelli

Professoressa Giusti, Le presento Mark Cardelli

1 Dina Siracusa

2 Paul Giannetti

3 Jim Carducci

4 Debbie Di Nardo

Now introduce them to two other people, following the model

Model: Mark Cardelli

Vi presento Mark Cardelli

5 Dina Siracusa

6 Paul Giannetti

7 Jim Carducci

8 Debbie Di Nardo

Finally, indicate what each person might say, following the model

Model: Mark Cardelli

Mi chiamo Mark Cardelli Sono americano, ma sono d’origine italiana

I Cruciverba!(Crossword!)

Horizontal Vertical

11 Il piacere è …

12 Le … Mark Cardelli

NOTA CULTURALE

Greeting Someone in Italy

When greeting strangers in Italy, shaking hands is all that

is really required However, when greeting a friend that

you haven’t seen for a while, it is normal to give a kiss on

both cheeks, barely making contact, while patting him or

10

11

13 12

J How would you greet the following people in Italy?

1 a complete stranger

2 a friend whom you see often

3 a friend whom you haven’t seen in a while

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

12

Unit 2

Buongiorno!

CONVERSAZIONE

[Dina, Paul, and Mirella, Dina’s new Italian friend, run into each other near the Università perStranieri.]

Dina Ah, ecco Paul! Ciao Paul! Come stai? Ah, here’s Paul! Hi, Paul! How are you?Paul Molto bene, Dina, e tu? Very well, Dina, and you?

Dina Io, invece, sto così, così Ti presento I, instead, feel so-so Let me introduce

Paul Ciao, Mirella! Di dove sei? Hi, Mirella! Where are you from?

COMPRENSIONE

A Which response, a or b, is the correct or appropriate one?

_1 Buongiono, signor Cardelli, …

a come va?

b a presto _2 Buongiorno, signora Martini Come sta?

a Non c’è male, grazie!

UNIT 2: BUONGIORNO!

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

Come si chiama? / Come ti chiami? What’s your name? (polite / familiar)

Di dove è? / Di dove sei? Where are you from? (polite / familiar)

Dove va? / Dove vai? Where are you going? (polite / familiar)

Non c’è male (cheh mAh-leh) (I’m) not bad

(Io) sto così, così(koh-zEEh) I’m so-so

SALUTI (GREETINGS)

Arrivederci!(ah-reeh-veh-dEhr-cheeh) Good-bye! (familiar)

Buongiorno! (bwohn-jOhr-noh) Hello! / Good day! / Good morning!

Ci vediamo!(cheeh veh-dyAh-moh) See you!

Signora Signore Signorina TITOLI (TITLES)

B Say the following things, following the model

Model: Point out that Paul is arriving

Ecco Paul!

1 Ask Dina how she is _

2 Ask Mrs Martini how she is

3 Say that you are well _

4 Say that you are not bad

5 Say good-bye to Mrs Martini _

6 Say hello to Mrs Martini

7 Introduce Dina to Mark _

8 Ask Dina where she is going _

9 Greet Paul _

10 Say bye to Paul _

C Comunicazione!

1 Say hello to someone in your class or in your family

2 Introduce someone in your class / family to someone else Use polite form

3 Now introduce the same person to someone else, using familiar form

4 Ask someone what his / her name is Use polite form

5 Ask someone what his / her name is This time use familiar form

6 Give your name

7 Say good-bye to everyone

8 Ask someone how he / she is Use polite form

9 Ask someone how he / she is This time use familiar form

10 Ask someone where he / she is from Use polite form

UNIT 2: BUONGIORNO!

12 Ask someone where he / she is going Use polite form.

13 Ask someone where he / she is going This time use familiar form

14 Say that you are from Chicago

15 Say that you are from here

D Fill-in the blanks with appropriate words in their correct forms

LINGUA

Polite vs Familiar Speech

address family members, friends, children, and anyone with whom you are on a first-name basis.The corresponding polite form is Lei, as you learned in the previous unit

Differences between polite and familiar speech characterize everyday communication andmust be maintained so as to avoid being considered impolite or unsociable

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

18

UNIT 2: BUONGIORNO!

Greetings

Polite and familiar speech distinctions also apply to greetings, as you may have noticed

Titles: Part 1

Titles are used commonly in Italy, much more than they are in North America The ones for

mas-culine titles is dropped before a name:

Notice that titles are not capitalized in Italian unless, of course, they are the first words in sentences

Also, note that the title of professore / professoressa is used not only with university sors but also with middle and high school teachers

profes-Masculine Feminine

Mr./Mrs./Ms./Miss

signore signora signor Cardelli signora Martini

signorina Siracusa

Dr

dottor Cardelli dottoressa Martini dottor Giannetti dottoressa Siracusa

Prof

professore professoressa professor Cardelli professoressa Martini

professor Giannetti professoressa Siracusa professor Smith professoressa Smith

Come si chiama? What’s your name? Come ti chiami?

Le presento… Let me introduce you to… Ti presento…

6 Prof Gianmarchi (a female)

7 Prof Santucci (a male)

8 Dina

9 Mark

10 your instructor

F.Fill in each blank with the appropriate familiar or polite expression

Model: Ask Angela how she is

Angela, come stai ?Say hello to …

1 Dr Giusti (a male) _

2 Dina

PART 1: BASIC SKILLS

20

Debbie è d’origine italiana!

UNIT 2: BUONGIORNO!

H Cruciverba!

Horizontal Vertical

27

NOTA CULTURALE

The Use of Titles in Italy

Titles referring to professions are used more commonly in Italy than they are in North America

Here are some titles that are used in Italy but not in North America:

and high school teachers

When used with a name, the final -e of masculine titles is dropped:

Buongiorno, ingegnere. Good morning, Engineer

Buongiorno, ingegner Marchi. Good morning, Engineer Marchi

Finally, titles may or may not be capitalized, as a matter of style The choice is yours (unless,

of course, it is the first word in a sentence)

I Greet the following people using their titles Follow the model

Model: Engineer Marchi (masculine)

Buongiorno, Ingegner Marchi

6 Professor Giusti (a female)

7 Professor Verdi (a male)

8 Dr Brunetti (a male)

UNIT 2: BUONGIORNO!

Buonasera, professor Binni!

Unit 3

Che cosa è?

CONVERSAZIONE

[Dina has decided to take a quick trip to Pisa to see the leaning tower It is early evening At the

advan-tage of the situation by asking Professor Binni what a schedule is called in Italian.]

Dina Buonasera professore, come sta? Good evening, Professor, how are you?

Dina Molto bene Che cosa è quello? Very well What’s that?

Dina Grazie Quando arriva il treno? Thank you When is the train arriving?

To Florence?

Dina No, a Pisa È bella? No, to Pisa Is it nice/beautiful?

COMPRENSIONE

1 professore, come sta?