tài liệu ôn tập tiếng anh lớp 12

TRƯỜNG THPT LIẾN SƠN - TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ - GIÁO ÁN CHUYÊN ĐỀ MÔN TIẾNG ANH/ oiә/ oyer employe r /fj/ furious Voiceless consonants phụ âm vô thanh /θ w/ thwart kết hợp khác Chú ý: - Các biểu t

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PHẦN I - PHONETICS BÀI 1: SOUNDS CHARTS

BẢNG PHIÊN ÂM QUỐC TẾ

I Initial Tasks:

Write about your typical day (not less than 150 words)

II Main Contents:

SOUNDS – ÂM VÀ CÁCH PHÁT ÂM Sounds Letter

s

Letter s

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TRƯỜNG THPT LIẾN SƠN - TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ - GIÁO ÁN CHUYÊN ĐỀ MÔN TIẾNG ANH

/ oiә/ oyer employe

r

/fj/ furious

Voiceless consonants (phụ âm vô thanh) /θ w/ thwart

kết hợp khác

Chú ý: - Các biểu tượng cấu âm ở các từ điển khác nhau có sự khác biệt nhỏ.

- Âm biến đổi phụ thuộc vào ngữ cảnh và chức năng từ vựng, chức năng biểu cảm của âm

- Hiện tượng các từ khác nhau phát âm giống nhau gọi là đồng âm khác nghĩa “homonym”

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Find the word whose underlined part is pronounced differently from the others of the same group.

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4 A given B risen C ridden D whiten

BY ĐỖ BÌNH – THPT LIỄN SƠN, LẬP THẠCH, VP- binhbac72@gmail.com/ www.violet.vn/quocbinh72 3

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BÀI 2: STRESS & RULES TO MARK STRESS

QUI TẮC ĐÁNH TRỌNG ÂM

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A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được các qui tắc đánh trọng âm cơ bản Luyện phát âm theo đúng vị trí các trọng

âm, luyện tập xác định trọng âm của từ

- Ôn tập các kiến thức đã học

- Bài tập luyện và rèn kĩ năng

B THỜI LƯỢNG: 6 tiết

C NỘI DUNG:

Write about your study habit (not less than 150 words)

STRESS – TRỌNG ÂM & QUI TẮC ĐÁNH TRỌNG ÂM

I. Definitions:

1 Phoneme: The smallest part of sound (vowel and consonant sounds) Âm tố - là thành phần nhỏ nhất

của âm thanh (gồm nguyên âm và phụ âm)

2 Syllable: The sound made when one or clusters of phoneme are articulated Âm tiết – là tiếng phát ra

khi một hoặc nhiều âm tố được phát âm

3 Stress: The degree of the loudness or prominence with which a sound ort a word is pronounced Độ

lớn hay thống trị về âm của một âm tiết khi một chùm âm của một từ (có từ hai âm tiết trở lên) được đọc, nói hay phát âm.

II. Rules to mark stress:

1 Di-syllable words:

a Usually on the second syllable if it is a verb whose second syllable doesn’t contain the vowel sounds of

/ә/, /i/, and /әu/, on the first syllable of the other words (trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thứ 2 đối với

động từ - trừ các âm tiết thứ 2 chứa nguyên âm /ә/, /I/, hoặc /әu/, rơi vào âm tiết thứ nhất đối với các từ

loại còn lại) As: mother, ready, color, palace, student, teacher, tonight, afraid, people, money, enjoy, paper, begin, provide, summer, abroad, noisy, success, enter,…

b Usually on the root syllables with words having suffixes or prefixes (đối với những từ có mang tiền tố,

hậu tố, trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết gốc) As: become, react, foretell, unpleasant, begin, failure,

threaten, daily, treatment, ruler, unknown, builder, lately, quickly,…

c Be careful with words with different word-class (đối với những từ mà bản thân có nhiều chức năng từ

vựng ta áp dụng qui tắc a) As

rebel rebel record record conflict conflict progress progress export export permit permit

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Find the one whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group.

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2 Words with more than two syllable:

a Usually on the 3rd syllables from the end (trọng âm thường rơi vào âm tiết thư ba kể từ âm tiết cuối):

As family, cinema, regular, singular, international, satisfactory, recognize, demonstrate, qualify, psychology, biologist, biology, democracy, responsibility…

b Usually on the 2nd syllables from the end with words ending in “ian”, “ic”, “ience”, “ient”, “al”, “ial”,

“ual”, “eous”, “ious”, “iar”, “ion”(đối với các từ có tận cùng như đã liệt kê, trọng âm thường rơi

vào âm tiết liền trước của các tận cùng này – thứ 2 kể từ âm tiết cuối) As: physician, experience, expedient, parental, essential, habitual, courageous, delicious, familiar,… (Except for: Television)

c Usually on the suffixes “ese”, “ee’, “eer”, “ier”, “ette”, “oo”, “esque” (đối với các từ có tận cùng như

liệt kê, trọng âm thường rơi vào chính các âm tiết chứa các tận cùng này) As: Portuguese, refugee, employee, engineer, volunteer, adequate, picturesque, cigarette,…

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Find the one whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group.

1 A interesting B surprising C amusing D successful

5 A beautifully B intelligent C redundancy D discovery

6 A comfortable B employment C important D surprising

12 A attraction B government C borrowing D visit

13 A difficulty B individual C population D unemployment

14 A biology B redundancy C interviewer D comparative

15 A conversation B isolation C traditional D situation

17 A inventor B physicist C president D gardener

18 A biology B interviewer C redundancy D America

19 A encourage B consider C constitute D inhabit

Notes: - Trên thực tế không có một qui tắc bất biến cho việc xác định vị trí trọng âm của từ.

- Việc xác định trọng âm cần thực hiện cùng cách phát âm, dựa nhiều vào kinh nghiệm

- Những bài tập được cung cấp là những bài tập có tần suất sử dụng lớn để soạn đề thi

PRACTICE EXERCISE Find the word whose stress pattern is different from the others of the same group:

2 A altogether B capacity C eventually D particular

4 A mathematics B biology C experiment D philosophy

5 A evolution B development C discovery D philosopher

7 A evaporate B temperature C impossible D experiment

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9 A abandon B discover C imagine D satisfy

10 A activity B epidemic C philosopher D significance

13 A pneumonia B activity C psychiatrist D ordinary

15 A expression B successful C physical D prevention

20 A government B condition C parliament D fortunate

22 A interesting B important C increasing D implying

25 A biology B intelligent C environment D infrastructure

30 A revolution B responsible C renovation D regulation

32 A bacteria B dangerous C government D interesting

35 A accompany B responsibility C environment D parliament

44 A especially B beautifully C quickly D lately

59 A vegetable B interesting C volleyball D detective

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64 A vegetable B university C Wednesday D television

67 A preparation B decoration C television D exhibition

70 A discovery B calculator C aero-plane D difficulty

71 A descendant B environment C ornamental D delivery

72 A resounding B recompense C reconcile D recognize

75 A arithmetic B aristocrat C artificial D argument

76 A honorable B intimacy C participate D interviewer

80 A oblivious B ferocious C scandalous D victorious

PHẦN II - PARTS OF SPEECH - BỘ PHẬN NGÔN NGỮ (TỪ VỰNG) BÀI 1: NOUNS

-DANH TỪ

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của danh từ

- Giới thiệu các tiền tố, hậu tố tạo từ phái sinh Giới thiệu các qui tắc về trật tự từ

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about your likes and dislikes about your school (not less than 150 words)

Execise 2 Rewrite the sentences as suggested.

1 Mr Minh often spends fifteen minutes leading the buffalo to the field

 It often takes

2 Quan always walk to school

 Quan always goes

3 I found it a bit difficult to get into work this morning

7 The children are too young to see horror films

 The children aren’t _

8 The children couldn’t go swimming because the sea was rough

 The sea was too

9 My father said I could use his car

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1 Definition: To call out the names of things, objects, actions, or movements…

(dùng để gọi tên sự vật, hiện tượng)

2 Functions: (chức năng)

Subject (S)(chủ ngữ): Gender of a verb (A teacher usually works at school)

Object (O)(tân ngữ): Follow verbs or prepositions (He buys some cakes for his birthday party)

Complement (C)(bổ ngữ): Make the complementation (She was a famous singer)

Compounds (Co)(danh từ ghép): summer holiday, birthday cakes,…

Possessive cases (Pc)(dạng sở hữu cách): the boss’s car, his teacher’s remarks,…

Noun phrases (Np)(cụm danh từ kết hợp tự do): Free words combination or compounds

3 Plural forms: dạng thức biến đổi số nhiều

3.1 Adding “s” to almost count-nouns: thêm ‘s’ vào sau hầu hết các danh từ, đọc /s/ và /z/

a table tables a dog dogs an apple apples a

student student s an orange orange s an umbrella umbrella s

a house houses a cat cats an egg eggs

3.2 Adding “es” to the count-nouns that end in “s, ss, sh, ch, o, x” with /iz/ or /z/ sound: thêm ‘es’

a bus buses a potato potatoes a class classes

a dish dishes a box boxes a wish wishes

a watch watches a tomato tomatoe

s

a torch torches

3.3 Adding “ies” to the count-nouns that end in “y” with its preceding consonants: them ‘ies’

a lorry lorries a lady ladies

a story stories a baby babies

3.4 Adding “ves” to the count-nouns that end in “f, fe”: đổi ‘f’, ‘fe’ thành ‘ves’

singular plural singular plural

a wife wives a leaf leaves

a knife knives a loaf loaves

3.5 Irregular changes: dạng biến đổi bất qui tắc

singular plural singular plural singular plural

a man men a louse lice a woman women

a child children a medium medi

a

a tooth teeth a mouse mice a goose geese

3.6 Collective noun: crew, family, group, team,…(singular or plural form, either singular or plural

verb) danh từ tổ hợp, có thể coi là số ít hoặc số nhiều, dùng động từ dạng số ít hoặc nhiều.3.7 Always plural form-nouns: luôn tồn tại dưới hình thức số nhiều

trousers scissors pliers (kìm) binoculars glasses

scales shears (kéo cắt cỏ) arms damages earnings

goods greens (vegetable) outskirts savings pains (trouble, effort) spirits surroundings stairs valuables athletics

ethics mathematics physics politics

3.8 Unchanged the names of creatures: deer, sheep, calf, cod, pike, plaice, salmon, squid, trout,

turbot (these nouns can take either singular or plural verbs) hình thức số ít, nhiều không đổi.

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3.9 Plural form but singular verb-noun: news, mumps (bệnh sưng quai hàm), billiards, bowls – hình

thức số nhiều nhưng sử dụng như số ít

4 Uncountable nouns: Danh từ không đếm được

4.1 Substances: vật chất

bread beer cloth coffee cream ice sand wood wine pape

r dust gin glass gold soap stone water jam oil tea

4.2 Abstract nouns: danh từ không đếm được

advice beauty courage death experienc

e

informatio n

suspicio n fear help hope horror knowledg

4.4 Notes: Particular sense of uncountable nouns: một số danh từ không đếm được lại có mạo từ

4.4.1 a help: A great help to + O (He gave a great help to our family)

4.4.2 a relief: A relief to + V (That gave me a relief to continue my study)

4.4.3 a knowledge: A good/ bad knowledge of + N (Pete has got a good knowledge of history)

4.4.4 a dislike / dread / hatred / horror / love of + …(He had a great love for funny stories)

4.4.5 a mercy / pity / shame / wonder + that…(It’s a pity that I couldn’t come)

4.4.6 a fear/ fears; a hope/ hopes; a suspicion/ suspicions: We have a suspicion / suspicions that

no one will agree to help.

5 Compound nouns: danh từ ghép

5.1 Noun-noun: Hanoi-capital; hall-door; hitch-hiker; kitchen-table; traffic light; winter clothes; 5.2 Noun-gerund: fruit-picking; weight-lifting; lorry-driving; bird-watching; coal-mining; surf- 5.3 Gerund-noun: waiting-list; landing card; driving board; dining room; driving license;…

5.4 Free combination: sự kết hợp tự do

- shop window; church bell; picture frame; garden gate; college library; gear level;…

- city street; corner shop; country lane; …

- summer holiday; spring flowers; Sunday paper; dawn chorus; November fog; …

- steel door; stone wall; silk shirt;…/ - coffee cup; golf club; chess board; football ground;…

- fish-farm; gold-mine; oil-rig; …/ - football match; beauty contest; pop music;…

6 Suffixes: các hậu tố dùng để tạo danh từ.

6.1 er/ or/ ist/ ant/ ee/…: teacher, visitor, terrorist, vegetarian, applicant, employee,…

6.2 ent/ ce/ ion/ ism/ ance/ age/… government, difference, action, capitalism, assistance, marriage,… 6.3 hood/ dom/ ship/ ness/ iety/…: neighborhood, freedom, friendship, sadness, variety,

6.4 ility/ ing/ al/ our/ y/…: possibility, fishing, refusal, arrival, behavior, difficulty,…

BÀI 2: VERBS

ĐỘNG TỪ

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của động từ

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about a person you admire most (not less than 150 words)

Execise 2 Rewrite sentences using given words.

1 I’ll finish the work tonight if you like

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 Would you like

2 The teacher didn’t allow the class to leave before 4:30

 The teacher made

3 We haven’t seen him for over twenty years

1 Definition: To denote action, state, and be the most important part of sentences.

2 Classification: phân loại động từ

2.1 Auxiliary verbs: động từ trợ

2.1.1 Primary auxiliary verbs: be/ have/ do (These verbs can either be auxiliaries or lexical verbs)

2.1.2 Modal verbs: can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ have to + base form/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ be going to + base form/ used to + base form/ ought to + base form/ (These are sometimes functional verbs)

2.2 Lexical verbs: động từ mang nghĩa

2.2.1 Intensive verbs: verbs that show the state (She feels tired/ He is selfish)

2.2.2 Extensive verbs: verbs that show the affection (He gets angry/ They are helpful)

2.2.3 Intransitive verbs: verbs that can function as verb phrases and make sentences meaningful without

any complementation e.g She cried (noisily) It rains/ is raining (hard/ heavily/ cats and dogs)

2.2.4 Transitive verbs: verbs that need complementation

a Mono-transitive verbs: verbs that followed by one object (S+V+O).

e.g She bought flowers Ann met her fiance’ yesterday.

b Di-transitive verbs: verbs that followed by both direct and indirect objects (S+V+O+O)

e.g She bought me some sweets (= She bought some sweets for me) They gave me a big cake (=They gave a big cake to me)

c Complex transitive verbs: follow the form “S + V + O + Co” e.g He made me angry

d Affixations: phụ tố để tạo động từ

3.1 en: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or lead to )

e.g danger…….to endanger wide…….to widen rich……… to enrich

courage……to encourage length……to lengthen broad …… to broaden

3.2 ize/ ise: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or develop, or specify)

e.g modern……to modernize industrial….to industrialize minimum….to minimize maximum….to maximize capital…… to capitalize natural…… to naturalize

3 Sentence models:

4.1 S + V-intrans They laugh/ The wind is blowing.

4.2 S + V-monotrans + O He did his homework/ Harley carried an umbrella.

4.3 S + V-in/ extensive + Cs He became famous/ They are nearly exhausted.

4.4 S + V-intrans + A He went abroad/ She arrives late.

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4.5 S + V-ditrans + O + O She buys me presents/ That brings my father success

4.6 S + V-complex trans + O + C The story made me bored/ You drive me mad.

4.7 S + V-intrans + A + A She went to school early/ He came to the park in the early

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của tính từ

C NỘI DUNG:

1 I haven’t been to a Chinese restaurant for ages

1 Kinds (Classification): phân loại

1.1 Main kinds: phân loại chính

a Demonstrative: this, that, those, these.

b Distributive: each, every, either, neither.

c Quantitative: some, any, no, little, few, many, much, numbers

d Interrogative: which, what, whose.

e Possessive: my, your, his, her, our, its, their

f Quality: clever, dry, fat, golden, heavy,…

1.2 Participles: phân từ

a present: ING-form boring, interesting, exciting,…(for objects)

b past: ED-form broken, tired, bored,…(for human-beings)

c Notes: Present participles are different from gerund

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e.g He was fishing./ His hobby is fishing.

2 Functions (Position): chức năng hay vị trí

2.1 Noun-subordinator: (bổ nghĩa cho danh từ) a new book, a kind lady, a large room,…

2.2 Verb-complementation: (bổ nghĩa cho động từ) Follow the certain verbs as be, become, seem appear, feel, get, grow (become), keep, look (appear), make, smell, sound, taste, turn,…

But some verbs can take either an adjective or an adverb:

Eg: - He looks calm (=He himself is calm)

- He looks calmly at the angry crowd (= He shows no attitude to the angry crowd)

3 Comparison forms: cấp so sánh

3.1 Positive degree: so sánh bằng as + adjs + as

Eg: - She is as tall as my wife - Peter was as hard-working as I was (me).

3.2 Comparative degree: so sánh hơn

3.2.1 Monosyllable-adjectives: với tính từ đơn âm tiết adjs-ER + than

Eg: - Lan is shorter than Na - She was better at English than we were (us)

3.2.2 Multisyllable-adjectives: với tính từ đa âm tiết more + adjs + than

Eg: - She was more hard-working than us - We are more intelligent than him.

3.3 Superlative degree: so sánh hơn nhất

3.3.1 Monosyllable-adjectives: với tính từ đơn âm tiết the adjs-EST

Eg: - Nam is the best in our class - She was the kindest lady I’ve ever met.

3.3.2 Multisyllable- adjectives: với tính từ đa âm tiết the most + adjs

Eg: - Sharol was the most intelligent in my group - She is the most hard-working girl I’ve ever known.

Notes: For adjectives ending in “er”, “y”, “ly”, or the irregular cases:

Adjective Comparative Superlative Adjective Comparative Superlative

clever cleverer the cleverest bad worse the worst

pretty prettier the prettiest far farther/ further the farthest/ furthest happy happier the happiest little less the least

silly sillier the silliest many / much more the most

good better the best old older/ elder the oldest/ eldest

3.4 Parallel: so sánh song song và so sánh thăng tiến

- “The… the”: The older she gets, the wiser she become.

- And: It’s getting darker and darker She has now more and more free time.

- Gerunds/ infinitives: Riding a horse is not as easy as riding a bike.

It’s nicer/ better/ more fun to go with someone than to go alone 3.5 Like/ alike: Tom is very like Bill Tom and Bill are alike.

3.6 Like/ as: He swims like a fish You look like a ghost Do as I told you.

3.7 Like + N/ as + N: He worked like a slave (He worked very hard/ He wasn’t a slave).

He worked as a slave (He was a slave in fact).

3.8 The adjectives: The rich, the poor,…

4 Clauses: các mệnh đề danh tính ngữ

4.1 That – clause: It is disappointed that he failed the exam./ It’s better that someone should tell him.

4.2 find/ think/ believe + that it + adjs + to + V:

I found that it is impossible to start now./ She thought that it was silly to ask him to stay.

4.3 It be + adjs + (of O) + infinitives:

a Character: brave, careless, cowardly (nhút nhát), cruel, generous, good, nice (=kind), mean, rude, selfish

b Sense: clever, foolish, idiotic (ngu), intelligent, sensible (nhạy bén), silly, stupid,…

4.4 Pronoun + be + adjs + noun + infinitives: Using the above adjectives and: astonishing, curious,

ridiculous (lố bịch), unreasonable, funny(=strange), odd (lập dị), pointless, useful, useless,…

- That’s the amazing idea to show - It was an unreasonable result to accept.

4.5 It’s + adjs + infinitives: advisable, inadvisable, better, best, desirable, essential, good, important, necessary, unnecessary, vital (tất yếu),…

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4.6 It be + adjs + (for O) + infinitives: convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, possible, important, safe,…

4.7 S + be + adjs + infinitives: Angry, delighted, dismayed, glad, happy, pleased, relieved, sorry, sad

(S + be + glad/ happy/ sorry/ sad/… + to say/ tell/ inform; Others adjs + to find/ learn/ hear/ see/…)

- Able, unable, apt, inclined, liable, prone, prepared, quick, reluctant, slow, ready, willing,

4.8 Special cases: các cấu trúc đặc biệt

- Due: (time) > The race is due to start in 5 minutes (sắp xảy ra)

- Due to: a result of >The accident was due to his carelessness.(vì, do bởi)

- Owing to: because of >owing to his carelessness, we had an accident (bởi vì, do bởi)

- Certain/ sure + to V= opinion >He is sure to take legal action (chắc là – suy đoán)

- Certain/ sure that + (clause) = opinion >I am certain that the price will be higher (chắc là – suy đoán)

- Certain/ sure/ confident of + N/G: He was sure of entering the haunted house.(quyêt tâm)

- Bound + to V= obligation > We were bound to leave.

- Afraid/ ashamed of + N/G: She was afraid of being left alone.

- Sorry for/ about + N/G: Tom felt sorry for making so many mistakes.

- Afraid/ ashamed/ sorry + to V: I’m sorry to tell you that bad news.

- Anxious about = worried He was anxious about going in the dark alone.

- Anxious for O to V = wish He was anxious for you to go in the dark alone.

- Anxious that + (clause) We are anxious that we couldn’t come.

- Fortunate/ lucky that + (clause) = It’s a good thing…It was lucky that we weren’t late.

- S + be fortunate/ lucky to V She was lucky to have such an interesting book.

- Possible/ probable/ likely + future = perhaps It’s possible that man will live longer.

- Aware/ conscious of N/G We should be aware of protecting our nature.

- Aware/ conscious + that + (clause) She was conscious that she would be late.

5.5 Nationality: a an: American, Venezuelan, German, Mexican, African,…

b ese: Chinese, Vietnamese, Portuguese, Sudanese, Lebanese,…

c i: Pakistani, Iraqi, Israeli, Yemeni, Saudi,…

d ian: Argentinean, Australian, Brazilian, Italian,…

e ish: English, Polish, Turkish, Danish, Finnish,…

f others: Czech, French, Dutch, Swiss, Greek, Thai,…

-BÀI 4: ADVERBS

TRẠNG TỪ

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của trạng từ

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about yourunforgetable experience (not less than 150 words)

1 How much do you pay for this computer?

 How much does

2 The last time Joe heard from his family was in June

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1 Kinds (Classification): phân loại

1.1 Adv of manner: bravely/ happily/ quickly/ well/ …( She sings marvelously/ He worked very hard) 1.2 Adv of place: by/ down/ near/ here/ there/ … (She comes there twice a week/ Here comes the police) 1.3 Adv of time: now/ soon/ still/ today/ yet/…(We are going to Hanoi today/ He will return soon)

1.4 Adv of frequency: always/ once/ twice/…(We never eat dog-meat/ She once became the leader) 1.5 Adv of sentence: certainly/ definitely/ luckily/ (He was certainly the liar/ Luckily, she passed the exam)

1.6 Adv of degree: fairly/ hardly/ rather/ quite/ too/ …(He was quite handsome/ Hardly did we see anything)

1.7 Adv of interrogative: when/ where/ why/… (When did you go?/ Where is she now?)

1.8 Adv of relative: when/ where/ why (He came when we were watching T.V)

2 Same form with adjectives: tính từ và trạng từ có chung hình thức

back deep* direct* early Enough little straight far fast hard* high* Ill near* well just* kindly late* left wrong* most* right*

long low Much* more* short* till pretty

Note: Adv* can either have “ly” or not, but differences in meanings.

3 Positions (Functions): vị trí hay chức năng

3.1 Adv of manner: trạng từ chỉ thể cách

Follow verbs: eg: He danced gracefully.

Before pres or follow objects in “V + pre + O”: eg: He looked at me carefully He looked carefully at me Follow Subject: eg: He suspiciously tasted the soup.

At the beginning or end: eg: Carefully he checks the suitcase He checks the suitcase carefully.

3.2 Adv of time: trạng từ chỉ thời gian At the beginning or end of sentences: afterwards/ eventually/ lately/ now/ recently/ at once/ since then/ till/…

eg: He will returns soon Today we will learn lesson two.

Always at the end: before*/ early/ immediately*/ late (Adv* as conjunctions at the beginning)

eg: He went to the church immediately Immediately, he went to the church

Follow verbs or “V + O”: yet/ still eg: He still lives in the suburb of the city.

Split: just eg: He has just left the house.

3.3 Adv of place:

3.3.1 At the beginning or end: away/ everywhere/ nowhere/ somewhere/ here /there/

eg: Nowhere could we find him English is spoken everywhere.

3.3.2 Administration: here/ there eg: He lives here/ She hasn’t gone there.

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TRƯỜNG THPT LIẾN SƠN - TỔ NGOẠI NGỮ - GIÁO ÁN CHUYấN ĐỀ MễN TIẾNG ANH

3.4 Adv of frequency:

3.4.1 always/ continually/ frequently/ often/ once/ twice/ periodically/ repeatedly/ sometimes/ usually

eg: She usually walks to school.

3.4.2 Restricted (inversion): hardly ever/ never/ rarely/ scarcely ever/ seldom

eg: Never will she eat this kind of food.

3.5 Inversion cases: cỏc trường hợp đảo ngữ

hardly…ever hardly…when in no circumstances neither…nor

never no sooner…than not only not till

nowhere on no account only by only in this way

only then/ when scarcely ever scarcely…when seldom/ so

hardly/ rarely/ seldom/ never/ only… + auxiliary + subject + verb

Eg Never have so many people been unemployed as today

Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ

(so many people have never been unemployed as today.)

Hardly had he fallen asleep when he began to dream of far-away lands

Phó từ tđt chủ ngữ động từ

(He had hardly fallen asleep when he dream of far-away lands.)

Rarely have we seen such an effective actor as he has proven

Phó từ trợ động từ chủ ngữ động từ

(we have rarely seen such an effective actor as he has proven.)

Seldom does the class let out early

IN/ UNDER NO CIRCUMSTANCES : Dù trong hoàn cảnh nào cũng không

Eg In / under no circumstances should you lend him the money

(dù trong bất cứ trờng hợp nào anh cũng không nên cho nó vay tiền.)

ON NO ACCOUNT: Dù bất cứ lý do nào cũng không

Eg On no account must this switch be toughed (dù với bất cứ lý do nào anh cũng không đợc động vào

ổ cắm này)

SO + ADJ + AUXILIARY + S + V + THAT đến nỗi mà

Eg So difficult did she get a job that she had to stay home for a year

(Cô ấy kiếm đợc việc làm một cách khó khăn đến nỗi cô ấy đã phải ngồi nhà 1 năm trời)

So sure of this were the owners that they provided lifeboats for only 950 of its possible 3,500 passengers.(Những ngời chủ của con tàu đã quá tin tởng đến nỗi mà họ chỉ trang bị xuồng cứu đắm cho 950 trong số3,500 hành khách mà con tàu có thể tải đợc - chích trong bài đọc về tàu Titanic)

ONLY IN THIS WAY : Chỉ có bằng cách này

Eg Only in this way could you solve the problem

(Chỉ có bằng cách này thì cậu mới giải đợc vấn đề hóc búa này.)

NAGATIVE, , NOR + AUXILIARY + S + V ( mà cũng chẳng/ mà cũng không )

Eg He didn’t have any money, nor did he know anybody from whom he could borrow

( Nó chẳng còn đồng nào cả mà nó cũng chẳng biết ai mà nó có thể hỏi vay.)

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A watch B watching C watched D to watch

4 I am afraid of alone in dark

5 English people are in playing football

A interested B interesting C to be interested D to be interesting

6 John hasn’t got a job He has to live on benefit

A employ B employing C unemployment D employment

7 She’s proud of her

A successful B success C succeed D succeeded

8 Anna can’t get the job because there are too many for it

A engineers B interviewers C applicants D workers

9 There are many ways to learn English vocabulary

A different B differences C differ D differing

10 Nam stopped two years ago

A smoking B smoke C to smoke D smoked

11 A storm has swept a hundred of houses away

A strong B heavy C hard D long

12 My child would rather read books than anything else

A doing B to do C did D do

13 My friend doesn't like asking her mother money

A to B in C for D with

14 Mrs Lan up being on a diet because it was not effective

A gives B giving C to give D gave

15 Anna has just graduated from university She wants to apply a suitable job

A at B for C to D in

16 He is unemployment He gets some unemployment

A salary B card C benefit D currency

17 A long walk makes every body

A tired B tiring C to tire D tire

18 My teacher is a smoker He smokes 30 cigarettes a day

A much B heavy C many D big

19 Her parents can't stand her at home all day

A to see B see C seeing D seen

20 I am tired watching the same program every day

A in B on C with D of

21 While she , the phone rang

A was cooking B cooked C cooking D cook

22 My mother is used to a speaker

A to be B being C have been D been

23 She doesn't have time to go shopping because she's too with her work

A busy B bored C get up D tired

24 His roof was broken by a wind two weeks ago

A hard B big C strong D much

25 He has learned English for 4 years, and she is good English now

A by B at C for D in

BÀI 5 ARTICLES

-MẠO TỪ

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của mạo từ, cách dung mạo từ ở các trường hợp đặc biệt

C NỘI DUNG:

Exercise 1 In the following sentences supply the articles (a, an, or the) if they are necessary If no

article is needed, leave the space blank.

1 Jason’s father bought him _ bicycle that he had wanted for his birthday

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2 _ Statue of Liberty was a gift of friendship from France to _ United States

3 Rita is studying _ English and _ math this semester

4 Please give me _ cup of _ coffee with _ cream and _ sugar

5. _ big books on _ table are for my history class

6 When you go to _ store, please buy _ bottle of _ chocolate milk and _ dozen oranges

7 John and Mary went to _ school yesterday and then studied in _ library before returning home

8 There are only _ few seats left for _ tonight’s musical at _ university

9 _ Lake Erie is one of _ five Great Lakes in _ North America

10 What did you eat for _ breakfast this morning?

11 Louie played _ basketball and _ baseball at _ Boy’s Club this year

12 Rita plays _ violin and her sister plays _ guitar

13 David attended _ Princeton University

14 Harry has been admitted to _ School of Medicine at _ Midwestern university

15 Phil can’t go to _ movies tonight because he has to write _ essay

16 Last night there was _ singing outside my house

17 _ chair which you are sitting in is broken

18. _ Florida State University is smaller than _ University of Florida

19 Scientists sent _ expedition to _ Mars during _ 1990s

20 Mel’s grandmother is in _ hospital, so we went to visit her _ last night

21 I’m on night duty When you go to _ bed, I go to _ work

22 Sorry, I can’t find the number I remember writing it on _ back of an envelope

23 _ gold is perhaps _ most highly treasured metal

24 _ Mekong River is _ longest river in _ Vietnam

25 _ winter is usually cold, but winter of this year is warm

26 _ money you gave me is not enough to buy _ bicycle

27 Look at _ sun It is rising

28 We watch television after _ dinner

29 Mr Brown bought _ new car _ last week

30 He usually travels to _ Philadelphia by _ train

31 Miss Linda speaks _ Chinese very well although she is from _ UK

32 _ swimming is _ good sport

33 Please open _ door

34 _ United States is _ world’s biggest consumer of energy

35 Peter likes to play _ volleyball, but he is not _ good player

36 My daughter is learning to play _ violin at _ school

37 I told Mom we would be _ home in _ hour or so

38 You can see _ moon in _ sky at _ night

39 _ her children play in _ street all day

40 _ blue is _ color I like

41 _ January is _ first month of the year

42 You frequently see this kind of violence on _ television

43 _ AIDS is _ incurable disease

44 Not everyone believes that _ technology has improved _ quality of people’s lives

45 Would you show me _ shortest way to _ airport?

Exercise 2 Choose the best answer to complete each sentence.

1 It is estimated that about 640 women remain illiterate in _ world, mostly in developing countries

2 Did you read _ book I lent you _ last week

A a / the B the / the C the / X D X / X

3 I went by _ train to _ West of England

A X / a B X / the C X / X D the / the

4 We visited Canada and _ United States

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A an B a C X D the

5 I fell in _ love with him because of his kind nature

6 _ schooling is compulsory in Australia between _ ages of six and seventeen

A The / X B A / an C X / the D The / an

7 In _ most social situations , _ informality is appreciated

A X / X B the / an C a / the D the / a

8 _ love is _ very strong feeling of affection towards someone who you are romantically attracted to

A The / the B The / X C A / the D X / a

9 London is _ of England

A a capital B capital C one capital D the capital

10 Do you know exactly _ number of Siberian tigers in China?

11 It is estimated that only 1,000 pandas remain in _ wild

12. _ friend in need is _ friend indeed

13 What is your _ biggest dream in _ life?

A X/ X B the/ a C the/ the D a/ the

14 Did you have _ good time at the party last night?

15 The local authorities are conducting _ campaign to help _ disabled

BÀI 6 PREPOSITIONS

-GIỚI TỪ

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh nắm được định nghĩa, chức năng của giới từ, cách dung giới từ ở các trường hợp đặc biệt

C NỘI DUNG:

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Put in the correct prepositions.

1 We give each other presents _ Christmas

2 Don’t sit _ the floor

3 I’m going away _ the end of January

4 I met Tom _ the street yesterday

5 They sent me a cheque _ $ 50

6 There has been some decrease _ military spending this year

7 Nobody knows what the cause _ the explosion was

8 Do you think we’ll find a solution _ this problem?

9 Have you ever read any books _ Mark Twain?

10 It’s unreasonable you to expect her to love you at first sight

11 They were furious _ me _ not inviting them to the party

12 Were you disappointed _ your examination results?

13 Everybody was shocked _ the news

14 She is scared _ going out alone

15 I’m not ashamed _ what I did

16 My sister won’t have dinner _ 11.30 p.m

17 She is engaged _ an American

18 Who was responsible _ all the noise last night?

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19 Your writing is similar _ mine

20 Ann wasn’t keen _ going out in the rain

21 The city centre was crowded _ tourists

22 I always try my best to get along _ other officers

23 Why don’t you apply _ a position in that company?

24 He is very selfish He doesn’t care _ other people

25 Don’t look out of the window Concentrate _ your work!

26 He lost control of the car and crashed _ a wall

27 He was the sort of person that you could depend _

28 Did you hear _ the fight in the club on Saturday night?

29 She’s very old She needs someone to look _ her

30 He often dreams _ travelling to America

31 I didn’t have enough money to pay _ the meal

32 He has suffered _ lung cancer for ages

33 He shouted _ from the other side of the street

34 The police are searching _ the escaped prisoner

35 That’s a good idea Why didn’t I think _ that?

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Choose the best answer to complete the sentence

01 Only in Japan the high levels of western countries

A industrialization has reached B industrialization is reached

C has industrialization reached D is industrialization reached

02 Nowadays children would prefer history in more practical ways

03 Hurry up! They’ve only got _ seats left

04 of the students know the answer to that question

A Most B Almost C Mostly D The most

05 We decided not to travel, the terrible weather forecast

A having heard B we heard C having been heard D being heard

06 _for their strong fiber include flax and hemp

A Plants are grown B Plants grown C Plants that grow D To grow plants

07 I think you must be _me for someone else

A confusing B reminding C mistaking D considering

08 ‘John won’t come tomorrow.’ ‘Did he say he next week?’

A will come B would come C is coming D had come

09 Pests occur in large numbers, and they can terrible damage, particularly to growing crops, that in some parts of the world people frequently suffer from famine

A do such B do so C make such D make so

10 The new magazine about maintenance _tomorrow

A comes down B comes off C comes on D comes out

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- Ôn tập các kiến thức đã học.

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about a place you would like to live in (not less than 150 words)

1 Mexico City is more densely populated than Tokyo

1 Definition: Gender to be the action doer or described or mentioned

(là chủ thể của hành động hay đối tượng được miêu tả).

2 Classification:

a Subject pronouns: (đại từ nhân xưng chủ ngữ)

Eg He went abroad to study medicine They were killed in an accident.

b Nouns, or noun phrases: eg Love is a stage of feeling and can’t be recognized by senses.

Gain and loss go together.

c Gerunds: eg Fishing is his favourite pastime Getting good marks is not always difficult.

d Clauses: eg What we really wish is to be at the cinema All she can say is that he is a liar.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Choose one word or phrase marked A, B, C, or D that best complete the preceding sentence.

01 They have grown roses here 1990

A for B since C during D in

02 You'll miss the train you don't hurry up

A if B When C since D unless

03 He is my brother But he looks younger than me

A elder B older C old D young

04 It took me forty five minutes to to office everyday

A getting B get C get D got

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05 I don't mind living my own in a big city

A with B by C at D on

06 If you hear the fire , leave the building quickly

A alarm B caution C notice D.publicity

07 She remembered the correct address only _she had posted the letter

A since B afterwards C following D after

08 Children enjoy cartoon film

09 I am afraid of alone in dark

10 Over the past two years the _of living has risen considerably

11 He told his father a long and _story to explain his lateness

A.inconceivable B.incredulous C.unimaginable D unconvincing

12 We need _information before we can decide

A further B.furthest C.far D farther

13 Women workers wear hats in _their hair gets caught in the machinery

A.course B case C.occasion D.event

14 There are many ways to learn English vocabulary

15 I don’t mind living my own in a big city

16 She was filling in the form

17 It was to listen to the story

18 My brother and my sister have many

19 It was to see my old friends again

20 Mr Brown gave a long about unemployment in Australia

BÀI 2: COMPLEMENTS

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about a place you would like to visit (not less than 150 words)

1 What is your date of birth?

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 The man who

6 I’ve arranged to meet Mr Trung tomorrow evening

 I’m

7 He was in the habit of getting up very late

 He used

8 He is talking to the girl with long hair

 The girl whom _

9 “You’d better go to see the doctor immediately.”

1 Definition: Element to be described or mentioned usually follows the verb to be or link verbs

(là thành tố hoàn thành câu, thường theo sau “to be” hoặc các link verbs).

a Nouns, or noun phrases: eg She is a kind hearted lady They became the new employees.

b Gerunds: eg Her hobby is singing.

c Verbs: eg My dream is to become a teacher.

d Clauses: eg A full apology is what the boss wants now./ A smile is all he could do and what he should do.

Notes: Có 2 loại bổ ngữ; bổ ngữ của chủ ngữ (Cs) – She was exhausted – và bổ ngữ của tân ngữ (Co)

– The long walk made us exhausted.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

01 Mt Everest is highest peak of Himalayas

A a/ the B the/ a C the/ nothing D the/ the

02 Nothing in your room since you were sent to the hospital

A have been moved B has been moved C have moved D has moved

03 Water plays a vital in developing agriculture

A part B importance C vision D character

04 The weather in the South of Vietnam seems than in the North

A more pleasant/ it B more pleasant/ that C pleasant/ the weather D more pleasant/ those

05 It’s more to use gas instead of electricity to warm up the house

A economy B economic C economical D economist

06 Ha Long is a place is good for sightseeing

07 It is his return made her happy

08 He is 59 years old He next year

A is going to retire B retires C retired D has retired

09 A dictionary is a book explains words

10 British Isles by speakers of Celtic language two thousand years ago

A inhabited B are inhabited C were inhabited D were inhabiting

11 He is from Tokyo He speaks

12 He wore dark glasses so that nobody could him

A recognize B recognition C recognized D recognizable

13 Modern English is different old English

14 It is necessary to learn a foreign

15 He arrived in Singapore Monday evening

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A.in B.from C on D.at

16 Unless we hurry, we’ll the bus

A miss B remember C catch D get in

17 I wish I here longer, but it’s time for me to go home

A stay B.can stay C.will stay D could stay

18 We are going to watch “The English language” program will be on at 8 p.m

19 It’s the flood sweeps away the house

20 English by about 700 million people around the world

A is been spoken B is going to spoken C is spoken D will spoken

C NỘI DUNG:

1 She is exhausted today because she didn’t get any sleep last night

9 The children couldn’t go swimming because of the rough sea

 The sea was too

10 I’m always nervous when I travel by car

 Travelling

OBJECTS

1 Definition: Gender to be described or mentioned usually follows ordinary verbs to show the direct or

indirect goals that the verbs aim at (là thành tố hoàn thành câu, thường theo sau động từ thường chỉ hướnghay đối tượng của động từ)

a Object pronouns: (đại từ nhân xưng tân ngữ)

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First Person Second Person Third Person

Eg We met him yesterday She made us a big cake.

b Nouns, or noun phrases: eg She gave me a blank look We sent endless letters to the manager.

c Gerunds: eg The man loved telling funny stories./ She was interested in going shopping on Sundays.

d Verbs: eg Jack wished to become an astronaut Kelvin loves to do the crosswords.

e Clauses: eg We know how we should solve the problem She asked why we didn’t arrive on time.

Notes: Có 2 loại bổ ngữ; bổ ngữ của chủ ngữ (Cs) – She was exhausted – và bổ ngữ của tân ngữ (Co)

– The long walk made us exhausted.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

1 Whenever he has free time, he goes swimming Swimming is his pastime

2 Children eating sweets

3 Young people hate , they prefer making questions

4 Your sister will be ill if she doesn’t stop so much

A to worry B worry C worried D worrying

5 The word “fishing” in “Fishing is his favorite pastime” is a(n)

6 He loves lies, that’s why we call him “a liar”

7 The word “stopped” in “He stopped smoking 5 years ago” can be replaced by

8 She’s thirsty She’d like a cold drink

9 She never gets up late She’s used to up early

10 One of those from Japan

A students are B student are C students is D student is

11 Among those, I like the red one

12 We’ve got very milk left

13 He has been in hospital last Tuesday

14 I don’t really like An, but this time I’d like him

15 The science classes at this difficult

A schools are B school are C school is D schools is

16 Be quiet! I to listen to some important information

17 The teacher made us hard for the final examination

18 Neither Bill nor Norris going to the play tonight

19 He used on time But this time he is terribly late

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20 He found to live on his unemployment benefit

BÀI 4: ADVERBIALS

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about the topic “Man is the main factor to worsen the Earth” (not less than 150 words)

1 Although he had a good salary, he was unhappy in his job

 In spite of

2 They haven’t cleaned the streets this week

 The streets

3 Apples are usually cheaper than oranges

 Apples are not _

4 I advised you to put your money in the bank

 You’d _

5 The restaurant is so dirty that no one wants to eat there

 It was such

6 John only understood very little of what the teacher said

 John could hardly

7 I haven’t been to Bristol for 3 years

 The last time

8 Jim will be eighteen next week

1 Definition: Element to be used to denote the stages, manner, methods, or to indicate time, places,

purposes, or others (được dùng để miêu tả trạng thái, cách thức, phương pháp, mức độ, hay dùng để chỉthời gian, nơi chốn, mục đích,… của hành động)

a Adverbs: eg We often go to work by bus She danced marvelously.

b Adverbials: eg In the past, people used to live in a large family.

c Clauses: eg When we came, they were fighting./ Billy tried hard in order that he could pass the exam.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

01 He says he’s been to restaurant in Viet Tri town

02 The ability to work well for long hours is his

03 It is the English pronunciation that a lot of difficulties to Vietnamese pupils

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04 I had no difficulty to your English.

05 I her as soon as she entered the room

A recognized B had recognized C could recognized D did recognized

06 You should to your uncle fore being rude to him

07 The rocket went into round the moon

08 She took of the fine weather to do a day’s work in her garden

09 Long speeches are really

10 You shouldn’t him all the time

11 We won’t have to import electricity if the solar energy is used

A large B widely C widen D width

12 Mark Twain is the name of Samuel Longhorn Clemens

A pen B new C career D writer

13 His friend him a lot in his career Without their support, he would not have been successful

A told B encourage C taught D complained

14 He often tells me something about his village he was born and grew up

A which B who C where D that

15 This is the man who me English

A teach B teaches C are teaching D were teaching

16 He in love with her picture even before he met her

A falls B has fallen C fell D had fallen

17 Hanoi is the city in he was born

A where B which C that D who

18 This house is an old one was built long time ago

A which B where C who D whose

19 Mark Twain’s last book was written in 1909, one year before his

A died B dead C death D dying

20 His wife had great influence his books

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Human are said to greatly benefit from destroying their environment Do you really think so?

(write no less than 150 words)

1 I’ve never met such a famous person before

 It’s

2 It was so late that nothing could be done

 It was too _

3 The garage is going to repair the car for us next week

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1 Definition: To denote action, state, and be the most important part of sentences.

2 Classification: phân loại động từ

2.1 Auxiliary verbs: động từ trợ

2.1.1 Primary auxiliary verbs: be/ have/ do (These verbs can either be auxiliaries or lexical verbs)

2.1.2 Modal verbs: can/ could/ may/ might/ must/ have to + base form/ will/ would/ shall/ should/ be

going to + base form/ used to + base form/ ought to + base form/ (These are sometimesfunctional verbs)

2.2 Lexical verbs: động từ mang nghĩa

2.2.1 Intensive verbs: verbs that show the state (She feels tired/ He is selfish)

2.2.2 Extensive verbs: verbs that show the affection (He gets angry/ They are helpful)

2.2.3 Intransitive verbs: verbs that can function as verb phrases and make sentences meaningful without

any complementation e.g She cried (noisily) It rains/ is raining (hard/ heavily/ cats and dogs)

2.2.4 Transitive verbs: verbs that need complementation

e Mono-transitive verbs: verbs that followed by one object (S+V+O).

e.g She bought flowers Ann met her fiance’ yesterday.

f Di-transitive verbs: verbs that followed by both direct and indirect objects (S+V+O+O)

e.g She bought me some sweets (= She bought some sweets for me) They gave me a big cake (=They gave a big cake to me)

g Complex transitive verbs: follow the form “S + V + O + Co”

e.g He made me angry The female film star drove him mad.

3 Affixations: phụ tố để tạo động từ

3.1 en: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or lead to )

e.g danger…….to endanger wide…… to widen rich……… to enrich

courage……to encourage length……to lengthen broad …… to broaden 3.2 ize/ ise: added to nouns or adjectives (mean make, or develop, or specify)

e.g modern……to modernize industrial….to industrialize minimum….to minimize maximum….to maximize capital…… to capitalize natural…… to naturalize

4 Sentence models:

4.1 S + V-intrans They laugh/ The wind is blowing.

4.2 S + V-monotrans + O He did his homework/ Harley carried an umbrella.

4.3 S + V-in/ extensive + Cs He became famous/ They are nearly exhausted.

4.4 S + V-intrans + A He went abroad/ She arrives late.

4.5 S + V-ditrans + O + O She buys me presents/ That brings my father success

4.6 S + V-complex trans + O + C The story made me bored/ You drive me mad.

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4.7 S + V-intrans + A + A/ others She went to school early/ He came to the park in the early

morning.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

1 It’s the pronunciation that causes me a lot of

2 If you place a bowl of water in the sun, it will

A evaporate B evaporated C evaporator D evaporation

3 350 million people speak English as their first language

A approximaty B approximately C approximation D approximate

4 “Gone with the wind” was by Mrs Margaret Mitchell

5 World population will continue to rise if we do not try it

A to increase B lower C to reduce D reducing

6 I did all the work my own

7 Every Sunday my father spends three hours English

8 I have learned English for 3 years, and I am good English now

9 Hoa’s brother enjoys to ghost stories at night

A telling and listening B tell and listen C listen D to tell

10 Mr Minh has known me he left Ha Noi national university

11 How is that hotel?

12 How much does this hat ?

13 The exhibition place once a year

14 Sundays, I often go fishing with my father

15 It is to drive without a driving license in Viet Nam

16 Would you like him ?

17 My mother can play a lot of instruments

18 The girl spoke with a accent

19 What’s the of Viet Nam?

20 The bus takes than the train

PHẦN IV - TENSES – THÌ CỦA ĐỘNG TỪ BÀI 1: THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

-THÌ HIỆN TẠI ĐƠN

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C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about the topic “Saving energy is saving our earning” (not less than 150 words)

1 The water was so cold that the children could not swim in it

 The water was not

2 Somebody repaired her car yesterday

 She

3 They will catch all the prisoners again by tonight

 All the prisoners _

4 I started to work for the company a year ago

9 The bread is so stale that we can’t eat it

 The bread isn’t

10 The zoo keeper feed lions at 3 p.m every day

 The lions _

THE SIMPLE PRESENT TENSE

1 The form

(+) S + V (-) S + don’t/ doesn’t + V (?) Do/ Does + S + V?

2 The usage: - To denote actions that happened repeatedly (She never comes late)

- To denote long lasting events.(We live in Concord street)

- To denote a true fact (The earth moves around the Sun)

3 The recognition: - now/ nowadays/ today/ this summer/… - always/ usually/ often/ sometimes/

occasionally/… - the proof of constant truth

4 Notes: - To denote a plan/ prediction/ timetables/… (The train leaves at 9.00)

- The division of “be”, “have”, “can, may, must”,…

PRACTICE EXERCISE

01 M Faraday didn’t have much when he was young

02 A person who studies biology is a

03 Einstein, _ study of the theory of relativity made him famous, was a German physicist

04 Most of the experiments are carried out in

05 He was very good _ mathematics when he was at school

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A on B of C at D for

06 The steam engine was _ by J Watt

07 When he grew older, he became _ in mathematics and physics

08 That’s the house uncle Ho was born

09 Darwin was the father of the theory of _

10 When , Newton was more of a mechanic than a scholar

11 He was not interested in physics _ he grew older

12 He died the age of 85

13 Faraday’s father worked very _, but he could feed the family

A hard/ hard B hardly/ hard C hard/ hardly D hardly/ hardly

14 It was Professor H Davy’s lectures _ helped Faraday a lot in his later discoveries

15 Scientists and doctors haven’t found the for AIDS

16 Gravity is the force of the earth to everything towards its center

A attractive B attract C attraction D distract

17 He’ll go with us it rains

A if B when C as long as D unless

18 We could visit Mercury – an outer space planet - in a

A spaceship B ship C plane D train

19 Mercury can be seen after sunrise soon after sunset

A neither /nor B either /or C not only /but also D none of A, B and C

20 You won’t pass your driving test unless you drive more

A carelessly B dangerously C A or B D carefully

21 The sea lever will rise if the ice on the poles to melt

A began B begin C start D begins

22 A journey which takes place every month is a journey

A daily B weekly C monthly D yearly

23 you phone me when you come to England?

A Do B Have C Will D Would

24 Liverpool won’t win unless they begin better

A playing B played C having played D play

25 Life will be destroyed all our sources end

A as long as B unless C if D whether

BÀI 2: THE PRESENT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

THÌ HIỆN TẠI TIẾP DIỄN

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh ôn tập lại kiến thức về các thì ngữ pháp – thì hiện tại diễn tiến – cấu tạo, cách sử dụng,

ý nghĩa và các dấu hiệu nhận biết một thì ngữ pháp cụ thể

C NỘI DUNG:

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Execise 1 Write about “the thing you most like to do in free time” (no less than 150 words)

1 We got lost because we didn’t have a map

2 The usage: - To denote happening actions at the time of speaking (She is teaching Maths)

- To denote the intention/ prediction/ plan/…(She is coming soon)

3 The recognition: - now/ right now/ at present/ at this time/ at this moment/…

- follow a command, request,…

4 Notes: - The ING-forms ( getting, running, having, writing, dying, lying,…)

- The omission of the verbs of awareness or sensation as: be/ see/ hear/ understand/ know/ like/

want/ glance/ feel/ think/ smell/ love/ hate/ realize/ seem/ remember/ forget/…( use thesimple present instead )

PRACTICE EXERCISE

1 Columbus America in 1492

A invented B found C discovered D saw

2 A driver is a person who

A drives a car B sells cars C has a car D makes cars

3 A singer is a person who

A composes music B writes songs C sings well D drives well

4 Most of the in my school are under 30 years old

A teachers B workers C artists D farmers

5 Darwin, was an English physiologist, was born in 1809 and died in 1882

A which B that C who D where

6 Is there anything I can do for you?

A where B that C who D which

7 Tom Sawyer and Huckleberry Finn Twain’s best works

A consider B considered C is considered D are considered

8 He is working a taxi-driver

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A at B as C to D in

9 A person who spends his/her whole life writing books is a

A writer B teacher C singer D worker

10 G Washington, was the first president of the USA, was born in 1732 and died in 1799

A that B who C where D which

11 He dropped the vase and it broke pieces

A into B down C off D in

12 When we travel in the streets, pay attention to traffic

A sighs B sights C scenes D signs

13 I am on a diet I want to

A over weighted B lose weight C gain weight D get fatter

14 Faraday is the great of all time

A scientific B scientism C scientist D science

15 Mathematics an important part in our lives

A lets B plays C applies D lays

16 The driver stopped a coffee because he felt sleepy

A have B to have C having D had

17 Have you ever considered a pharmacist?

A to become B become C became D becoming

18 I would rather at home than out with him

A stay/ go B staying/going C stayed/went D to stay/to go

19 She suggested a break for a while

A took B take C taking D taken

20 It is likely that everybody at the age of 45

A retires B retired C are retiring D will retire

-BÀI 3: THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh ôn tập lại kiến thức về các thì ngữ pháp – thì hiện tại hoàn thành – cấu tạo, cách sửdụng, ý nghĩa và các dấu hiệu nhận biết một thì ngữ pháp cụ thể

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Airlines have changed the ways we travel Do you think so? (no less than 150 words)

1 Having a vacation abroad is interesting

 It’s

2 The water was so cold that the children could not take a swim

 The water wasn’t _

3 It’s two months since I last spoke to her

7 Nam began to collect stamps in 2000

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THE PRESENT PERFECT TENSE

1 The form:

(+) S + have/ has + P.P (-) S + haven’t/ hasn’t + P.P (?) Have/ Has + S + P.P?

2 The usage: - To denote actions that happened in the past but having results, relating, or still happening

at present (We have lived here since 1990)

- To denote actions that happened right before the time of speaking, using “just”

(She has just come from New York)

- To denote unfulfilled actions with “yet” (He hasn’t come yet)

- To denote past actions; no certain time expression, using “already” (We have already seen that

film)

3 The recognition: - just = recently = lately - ever/ never (comments)

- already/ yet/ since/ for/ so far/ until now/ up to now (present)

Notes: - Past participles: (regular verbs adding “ed”./ irregular verbs “learn by heart”)

- The differences between the present perfect and the simple past tense.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

1 Choose the word or phrase that is closest in meaning to the underlined part of the sentence

01: I had a row with my boss and had to quit the job.

02: Women liberated from child care can pursue their own interests.

A leisure with B having fun with C freed from D burdened with

03: Lee doesn’t like conventional dressing She prefers something modern and shocking.

04: The film is not worth seeing The plot is too dull.

05: I have to take up my dress I step on it all the time.

2 Choose the right word or phrases to complete the following sentences

06: She resented waiting for hours in front of the cinema.

A being kept B to be kept C being keeping D keeping

07: “Which is more important, luck or effort?” - “Luck is effort”

A of the same importance B of the same importance as

C as the same important as D the same importance as

08: One purpose to make up for money spent in the French and Indian War.

C of the Stamp Act which was D the Stamp Act

09: The selection and welfare of staff is the responsibility of the department.

10: These instructions are easy for beginners All you have to do is listen carefully.

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11: _ saying was so important that I asked everyone to stop talking and listen.

A What the woman was B The woman was C What was the woman D That the woman was 12: Although drama is a form of literature, from the other types in the way it is presented.

A is different B but it is different C it differs D despite the

difference

13: She spoke quietly to him _ someone hear a word of their conversation.

A so that B in order that C for fear that D for fear of

14: It is for me to see you go away for a year.

A undeniable B incompetent C unbearable D intolerant

15: You look rather _ Are you worried about something?

A occupied B preoccupying C preoccupied D occupant

-BÀI 4: THE PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

THÌ HIỆN TẠI HOÀN THÀNH TIẾP DIỄN

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh ôn tập lại kiến thức về các thì ngữ pháp – thì hiện tại hoàn thành tiếp diễn – cấu tạo,cách sử dụng, ý nghĩa và các dấu hiệu nhận biết một thì ngữ pháp cụ thể

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Discuss the role of teachers in one’s life (no less than 150 words)

1 I can’t cook as well as my mother does

THE PRESENT PERFECT PROGRESSIVE TENSE

1 The form:

(+) S + have/ has + been + V-ing (-) S + haven’t/ hasn’t + been + V-ing (?) Have/ Has + S + been + V-ing?

Trang 36

2 The usage: - To denote actions that happened in the past but having results, relating, or still happening

at present (We have been living here since 1990)

3 The recognition: since/ for/ with verbs as: live, work, wait,…

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Choose the right word or phrases to complete the following sentences

01: I thought that you us, but I was wrong You never have enough courage.

02: She is very Don’t say anything that can hurt her.

03: It is believed that books are _ species, fighting for survival in competition with TV, film, the internet and CD A endangered B dangerous C danger D dangerously 04: I _ you to the woman I was speaking with, but I couldn’t think of her name.

A will introduce B would have introduced C would introduce D couldn’t have introduced 05: The police finally arrested the criminal.

06: The man who _ had been in the sea for ten hours.

A had been rescued B was rescued C rescued D had rescued

07: I am sorry but we have to _ the discussion We have no more time.

A put an end to B make room for C take advantage of D put effort into

08: The man shouted loudly as if we _ all deaf.

09: An employer may look with _ on a young college graduate.

10: Thanks to the British Channel, .

A it saved England from being invaded for some time B England was not invaded for some time

C which helped England not to be invaded for some time D they did not invade England for some time

Identify the error in each of the following sentences by marking A, B, C or D on your answer sheet.

01: Working all night long, Jim felt extreme hungry and just wanted to have a sandwich.

02: She was anxious about the interview because she failed three interviews before.

03: Not only the athlete but also his wife are going to the party tonight.

04: We thought our cameras were the same, but his is different than the one I bought.

05: Married customs differ greatly from society to society.

06: Only when he was half way through the task did he realise how difficult was it.

07: Betty is one of the women who is responsible for organizing the outing.

08: How much each dress costs is not mention in the catalogue.

BÀI 5: THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

-THÌ QUÁ KHỨ ĐƠN

A YÊU CẦU:

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- Giúp học sinh ôn tập lại kiến thức về các thì ngữ pháp – thì quá khứ đơn – cấu tạo, cách sử dụng, ýnghĩa và các dấu hiệu nhận biết một thì ngữ pháp cụ thể.

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Write about why people want to go on university education (no less than 150 words)

1 The weather was so bad that we couldn’t go sailing

 The weather wasn’t _

2 The plane took off before we arrived at the airport

THE SIMPLE PAST TENSE

1 The form: (pV = the past form of verbs)

(+) S + pV (-) S + didn’t + V (?) Did + S + V?

2 The usage: - To denote a finished past action (We went to the park together)

- To report past events, past habits, or long lasting action in the past

(She did all the work yesterday./ We used to sit next to each other.)

3 The recognition: - last week/ month/ year/… - yesterday/ ago/ in 1969/ in the past/…

Notes: - The past form of the verbs: (regular “V-ED”/ irregular (2nd column in the irregular verbs list))

- “ED” pronunciation /id/; /t/; /d/

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

01: To solve this problem, it is advisable

A a drastic measure to be adopted B that to adopt a drastic measure (bp mạnh)

C that a drastic measure be adopted D that a drastic measure is adopted

02: John “Do you think that we should use public transportation to protect our environment?” Laura “ ”

A Yes, it's an absurd idea B There's no doubt about it

C Of course not You bet D Well, that's very surprising

03: A few animals sometimes fool their enemies _ to be dead

A have been appearing B to be appearing C to appear D by appearing

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04: On _ he had won, he jumped for joy

05: The success of the party was mainly due to the presence of several

A celebrations B celebrated C celebrities (nổi danh/tiếng) D celebrates

06: When a fire broke out in the Louvre, at least twenty _ paintings were destroyed, including two by Picasso

07: His brother refuses to even listen to anyone else's point of view He is very _

A open – minded B kind – hearted C narrow- minded D absent - minded08: In most _ developed countries, up to 50% of population enters higher education at some time in

09: What chemical is this? It's _ a horrible smell

10: I have told you not to do it _

A hundreds of times B many hundred times C hundred times D a hundred times11: Learning English isn't so difficult once you _

A get down to it B get off it C get on it D get down with it12: George wouldn't have met Mary _ to his brother's graduation party

A had he not gone B hadn't he gone C if he has not gone D if he shouldn't have gone13: Nowadays children would prefer history _ in more practical ways

14: John has a monthly bank _ sent to him so that he knows how much there is in his account

15: Can you list the problems _ poor and _ countries?

A facing/ overpopulation B facing/ overpopulated C face/ overpopulated D facing/ overpopulating

16: In a few hours, we _ the test, and we’ll go home and rest

A are finishing B have finished C will have finished D will be finishing

17: The doctor gave the patient _ examination to discover the cause of his collapse

18: I thought you said she was going away the next Sunday, _ ?

19: _ non-verbal language is _ important aspect of interpersonal communication

20: We bought some _

A German lovely old glasses B German old lovely glasses

C lovely old German glasses D old lovely German glasses

BÀI 6: THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

-THÌ QUÁ KHỨ TIẾP DIỄN

A YÊU CẦU:

- Giúp học sinh ôn tập lại kiến thức về các thì ngữ pháp – thì quá khứ tiếp diễn – cấu tạo, cách sử dụng,

ý nghĩa và các dấu hiệu nhận biết một thì ngữ pháp cụ thể

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Good neighbors are as good as relatives What do you think about this? (not less than 150 words)

1 He was very old, but he walked ten miles everyday

 Despite

2 Jenny ran fast but she didn’t win the race

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THE PAST PROGRESSIVE TENSE

1 The form:

(+) S + was/ were + V-ING (-) S + was/ were + not + V-ING (?) Was/ Were + S + V-ING?

2 The usage: - To denote past happening actions (She was watching T.V at 8.00 last night)

- To denote past interrupting actions (She was watching T.V when I came)

3 The recognition: - at 8.00 last night/ at that time/ at that moment/…

- time clause with “when”, “while = as”.

Notes: - actions that alternatively happened, use the simple past only (When I heard a knock at the

door, I came to open it When I opened the door, I saw my mum.)- This is a timed action.

PRACTICE EXERCISE

Mark the letter A, B, C, or D on your answer sheet to indicate the correct answer to each of the following questions

01 A: ”Do you think it will rain?’ B: ‘ _’

A I hope not B I not hope so C I don’t hope so D So do I hope

02 Peter is very _ for all the help you have given him

03 He couldn’t _ her to speak a word to him all the way back to her boarding house

04 No sooner the corner than its wheel came off

A the van turned B did the van turned C the van had turned D had the van turned

05 He _ all his money, then closed the account

06 The government are doing a of people’s changing habits

07 A cool drink him after his long hot journey

08 Although he is rich and famous, he lives in a _ house in the village

09 I took the shoes back to the shop, but the manager _ to change them

10 Well, we did have a terrible row but we’ve _ it up now

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11 I do not believe that this preposterous scheme of our serious consideration

12 It was only he told me his surname that I realized that we had been to the same school

13 The of his first novel appeared in The Times yesterday.

14 He did not share his secrets with many people but he _ in her

15: Tom "I'm sorry I won't be able to come" - Mary “ _”

A Great B Oh, that's annoying C Well, never mind D Sounds like fun

16: _ air essential is to man, so is water to fish

17: If you had taken my advice, you _ in such difficulties now

A wouldn't have beenB hadn't been C wouldn't be D won't be

18: One's fingerprints are _ other person

A different from B different from any C differ from any D different from those of any

19: Jane wasn't in when I arrived I suppose she _ I was coming

A must have forgotten B must forget C may forget D can't have forgotten20: Before eating, _ thoroughly with soap and clean water

A your hands should be washed B you should wash your hands

C you need washing your hands D your hands need washed

BÀI 7: THE PAST PERFECT TENSE

C NỘI DUNG:

Execise 1 Classes are really good for ones who attend? Discuss your opinion about this matter (not

less than 150 words)

1 Getting to know a person is always time–consuming

8 I haven’t seen my cousin for 2 years

 It’s 2 years since _

9 I haven’t seen that film before

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