what is a question survey

 Random sampling: involves selecting a sample in such a way that all members of the population have an equal chance of being selected, so that the sample is then representative of the

1 Nguyễn Thị Tương

2 Nguyễn Thị Ngọc Quỳnh

3 Nguyễn Thị Hoa

4 Cao Thị Ngọc Bích

5 Nguyễn Thị Huyền

6 Trần Thị Ngân

 involve the gathering of information from people using a

formally designed schedule.

 rely on information from the people interviewed, so they

depend on the accuracy of people’s memory and on their honesty.

 generally involve only a proportion, or sample, of the

population to be studied.

For example:

1 What is your major?

2 Do you think English is important to your

future job?

a Not very important

b Important

c Very important

3 How much time do you often spend learning

English?

A survey on people’s attitude to study English

 A pilot survey: is a test run of a survey using a small group of people.

Eg: A test run of using Power Point in a class in High school.

 A population: is the entire group of things or people being studied

 Random sampling: involves selecting a sample in such a way that all

members of the population have an equal chance of being selected, so that the sample is then representative of the population

Eg: A study on a number of people using fast food in a quater

 A representative sample of a population has similar characteristics to the population

Eg: A survey on reasons workers often get stressful in the office.

 A respondent: is any person answering survey question.

A sample: is a selection of subjects from the population being studied

 A subject : is the thing or person being studied

Step 1 : Decide what information is required and from whom.

Step 2 : Decide what type of survey is appropriate

Step 3 : Design the questionnaire.

Step 4 : Decide on the sample size and sampling

method.

Step 5 : Pilot the questionnaire.

Step 6 : Conduct the survey.

Step 7 : Analyze the results.

Step 8 : Write a report.

- Questionnaire surveys can be used for a great variety of research projects.

- 3 types of project: a public opinion survey, a user profile, a group profile.

Type of project Examples

A Public opinion survey

B User profile

C Group profile

General community Users of a park

Yong people

Opinions on public transport Use of and opinions of the park

Newspaper and magazine readership

a Interviewer-completed or respondent-completed?

Questionnaires can be:

 interview-completed in which an interviewer reads out the questions It takes more time and effort but the use of an

and complete.

 respondent-completed in which respondents fill out the questionnaire for themselves It is quicker and easier but

b Types of survey: (6 types)

•The six types of questionnaire survey.

Type of survey Description of survey

Household survey

Street survey

Telephone survey

Mail survey

Site or user survey

Captive group survey

People are selected on the basis of where they live and are interviewed in their home

People are selected by stopping them in the street, in shopping malls ,ect

Interviews are conducted by telephone

Questionnaires are sent and returned by mail

User of a facility or site are surveyed at the site

Survey of members of groups, such as classes of school children or members of

a club surveyed in a class or meeting

• Characteristics of the six types of survey

Type of survey

Household

Street

Telephone

Mail

On-site

Captive group

Respondent or Interviewer Completion

Either Interviewer Interviewer Respondent Either

Respondent

Time and Effort

Hight Medium Medium Low Medium Low

Sample

Whole population Most of the population People with telephone General or special Users only

Group member only

Possible length of questionnaire

Long Short Short Varies Medium Medium

Response rate

High Medium High Low High High

• Wording of questions

• Introductory remarks

• Pre-coded versus open-ended

questions

• Factual questions versus opinions and attitudes

•Ordering of questions

•Lay out and design of questionnaires

• All possible techniques

•The concepts and variables involved

•The relationships being investigated

Wording of questions: Principles

The researcher should:

•Use simple language wherever possible

•Avoid ambiguity(i.e use very clear, direct language)

•Avoid leading questions( where the answer is imply the question)

•Ask only one question at one time(i.e avoid multi-purpose question:

Example:

Principle Bad example Improved version

Use simple language - How regularly are you - How often do you

a passenger on local use the local bus

public transport service?

Avoid ambiguity - Do you often go to the - Have you been to the movies often? movies within the last month?

Avoid leading - Are you against the - What is you opinion on the Questions withdrawal of the withdrawer of the local bus service?

local bus service Are you for it, against it or not concerned

Ask just one - Do you use the local park, a Do you use the local park?

question at a time and if so what do you think b what do you think of facilities

of its facility in the local park?

Introductory Remarks

It is necessary to inform the potential respondent about:

• the nature and purpose of survey

•The name of the organization responsible for the survey (eg: a school)

•The confidentiality of the data.

a survey on people’ reaction to the PTA’s proposal to withdraw the number 66 bus service Would you mind answering a few

questions? It will take just a few minutes and your answer will

be kept conditional.

Pre-coded and open-ended questions:

-An open-ended question is one where the interviewer asks a question without

any prompting of the range of the answer to be expected

Ex: How often have you personality used the Number 66bus service in the last

month?

Number of times:

-Go to q 2

None: 0

- Go to q 3

-A pre-coded question is one where the respondent is offered a range of answer,

or opinion to choose from

Ex: What sort of trip do you use the bus for?

A Going to work

B going to school/college/uni

C shopping

D Leisure

e Others

Ordering questions

• Start with easy questions.

• Start with relevant questions.

Eg: Survey is about transport, begin with questions about transport

• personal questions (dialing with income, …) are less likely to cause offence

Layout questionnaires

- Layout the questions in a way that the interviewer

and the interviewee can follow all instructions and

provide answers to all questions easily

•Test out the questionnaire on a few people

•A pilot survey provides the opportunity to change the wording

of questions or layout of questionnaire.

•Enable to find out how long it takes to compete the

questionnaire.

Sample Size:

The number of respondents in a survey larger the number of respondents, the greater the chance that they will fully present the whole population

Ex: In most project, a sample at least 50 would be desirable, and 100 would

be even better:

Selecting a sample:

Should include all types of people, different ranges ages, ethnic groups ect

Random Sampling:

Selecting the respondents so that all members of the population have an equal chance of being selected:

Ex: if interviewing people who live in a particular street, we should not

interview only people whom you know we should make sure that you

conduct the survey on whoever answer he door and at different times

during the day, and at weekends

Write out an interviewers’ brief for everyone involved the survey to follow

• Use only the questions as worded in the

questionnaires

•The interviewer administer the questionnaire