Renewable energy in vietnam

●The problem of discussion.●The present posture of study and application renewable energy in the world and in Vietnam ●Green technology for next generation ●The study green technology f

●The problem of discussion.

●The present posture of study and

application renewable energy in the world and in Vietnam

●Green technology for next generation

●The study green technology for next

generation in Institute of Materials Science

On “VICO’SEMINAR on bioenergy-technology &

policy” in HCMC October 2008 we have occasion

to reported special subject on the theme “Some

results of applied research non-waste technology

on biodiesel production from Vietnamese

vegetable oils.”

Since that time today, many thins concerned

renewable energy are studying, surveying to

bevorehanding height development strategy to

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

Solar, wind, geo

thermal

The problem of discussion.

1

R e s e r v e s o f O i l a n d N a t u r a l G a s , M o s t R e c e n t E s t i

World Proved 1 Reserves of Oil , Most

Recent Estimates

r o v e d

1

R e s e r v e s o f O i l a n d N a t u r a l G a s , M o s t R e c e n t E s t i

r o v e d

1

R e s e r v e s o f O i l a n d N a t u r a l G a s , M o s t R e c e n t E s t i

The problem of discussion.

e d

1

R e s e r v e s o f O i l a n d N a t u r a l G a s , M o s t R e c e n t E s t i m a t e

World Proved 1 Reserves of Natural Gas,

Most Recent Estimates

Natural Gas

(Trillion Cubic Feet)

Natural Gas

(Trillion Cubic Feet)

Natural Gas

(Trillion Cubic Feet)

Natural Gas

(Trillion Cubic Feet)

CEDIGAZ January 1, 2008

Oil & Gas 3 Journal

January 1, 2009

World Oil 4

Year-End 2007

World

Total

The forecast of scientists, in the time of 2050

year, keynote energy are solar power, wind

power and geothermoelectric energy, take 43%

Meanwhile energy of fossil take 25%, nuclear

energy take 15%, energy of biomass take 12%

and energy of hydroeletric take 5% Analyze

those frame of energy hereinbefore, allowed we

explaining and studying database for work to

planning study, producing green energy.

of our universe Everything we do is connected to energy in one form or another

The forms of energy we will look at include:

- Fossil Energy: Coal, Oil and Natural Gas,

- Renewable Energy: Biomass Energy - energy from plants, Hydroelectric and Ocean Energy, Geothermal Energy, Nuclear Energy, Solar Energy, Wind Energy.

Finally, we'll look at the "newer" forms of energy and take a look at energy in the future-New energy: Hydro energy, Energy of fundamental particle

We know today, that the sun is simply our

nearest star Without it, life would not exist on our planet We use the sun's energy every day

Sun Energy

Solar water heaters: use a highly heaters of

sunlight to boiling water.

Solar Thermal Electricity: use a highly

curved mirror called a parabolic trough to

focus the sunlight on a pipe running down a

central point above the curve of the mirror

The mirror focuses the sunlight to strike the

pipe, and it gets so hot that it can boil water

into steam That steam can then be used to

turn a turbine to make electricity.

Solar cells are also called photovoltaic cells -

or PV cells for short - and can be found on

many small appliances, like calculators, and

even on spacecraft Some experimental cars

also use PV cells They convert sunlight

directly into energy to power electric motors

on the car.

Potentially sunlight of VIETNAM:

Radiation of sunlight: from 3-4,5 kWh/m2 /day

in winter, to 4,5-6,5 kWh/m2 /day in

summer.

Today Vietnam have 3.000 system panel of

solar power, with capacity from 500Wp to

1.500Wp

Geothermal Energy has been

around for as long as the Earth

has existed Hot water or steam

from below ground can also be

used to make electricity in a

geothermal power plant

Vietnam have more than 300

location spa water with

temperature from 30oC to 105 oC,

mustered in North and Middle

Geothermal Energy

Some of the areas have

so much steam and hot

water that it can be used

to generate electricity

A geothermal power

plant is like in a regular

power plant except that

no fuel is burned to heat

water into steam

Geothermal power plant

The forecast of scientists, in the year of 2020,

Vietnam have bin developing about 200 MW of

geothermal energy.

Hydroelectric power uses

the kinetic energy of

moving water to make

electricity Hydro power

today can be found in the

mountainous areas of

North and Middle Vietnam

where there are lakes and

reservoirs and along rivers

Vietnam have more than 120.000 hydroelectric

stations with capacity 300 MW, served 65-120

millions KW/h for more than 1 millions people in 20 province

Wind can be used to do work The kinetic energy

of the wind can be changed into other forms of

energy, either mechanical energy or electrical

energy The turbines usually produce about 50 to

300 kilowatts of electricity each

Vietnam have many windy areas: in Island

860 - 1.410 kWh/m 2 /year; All seven central

coastal provinces were (Kỳ Anh, Cửa Tùng,

Bình Định, Tuy Hòa, Cam Ranh, Vũng Tàu):

800 - 1.000 kWh/m 2 /year ; some areas of

inland: 500 - 800 kWh/m 2 /year

And wind is blowing in many places all over the earth The only problem with wind is that

it is not windy all the time Every year,

Vietnam have more than 15-17 storms That

is problem with wind power.

Wind power plan of Vietnam to year 2030 are

Biomass is matter usually thought of as garbage

Some of it is just stuff lying around, dead trees,

tree branches, yard clippings, left-over crops, wood chips , and bark and sawdust from lumber mills It can even include used tires and livestock manure.

wood chips

The waste wood, tree branches and other scraps are gathered together to a biomass power plant This is then fed into a furnace where it is burned The heat is used to boil water in the boiler, and the energy in the steam is used to turn turbines and generators

Biomass can also be tapped right at the landfill with burning waster products When garbage

decomposes, it gives off methane gas.

In places where lots of animals are raised, the

animals - like cattle, cows and even chickens -

produce manure When manure decomposes, it

discovered One way is to produce ethanol, a

liquid alcohol fuel (Biofuel)

Biodiesel ( ester of fat animal and vegetable oil)

is new material for energy.

No information

Areas using biodiesel

Pilot or project

Year Amount of patent

2002 147

2003 271

2004 302

2005 391

2006 640

Patent of biodiesel technology

Nhu cầu Biodiesel trên thế giới

Biomass of Vietnam are:

-Vegetable oil from industrial tree.

-Vegetable oil from fruit tree.

-Fat and oil from animal.

-Bon dray from plants.

Biomass Potentiality

millions ton

Oils Equivalent

1,649 25,090

2,390 1,300 1,350 2,120 0,840

0,580 8,780

27,2 14,8 15,4 24,1 9,6

6,6 100,0

Bon dray from plants

Biomass Potentiality

millions ton

Oils Equivalent

7,30 2,16 0,82 1,8012,08

60,4 17,9

6,814,9100,0

Vietnam produces more than 78 million tons bone dry of biomass each year Of this total, 3-5 million tons bagasse is now burned in 33/43 sugar

refinery to make electricity with capacity about

130 MW Similar is 39 million tons Staw and Rice

Husk is burned to make

Husk is burned to make heat energy in homes or in homes or

rejected.

If all of it was used, the 78 million tons of biomass could make close to 2,000 megawatts of electricity for Vietnams growing population and economy

That's enough energy to make electricity for about

Although Vietnam has big potentially of renewable energy, today this energy

total energy produced in Vietnam

What energy in next generation?

 Conservation / Efficiency not enough

CHEMICAL

NUCLEAR

REGENERATIVE

Syntheticgas (H 2 , CO 2 , CO )

Benzen Diesel

Synthetic Fuels

Cetan No > 70 sulphurfree aromaticfree

to

Liquids

to

If the human will be reaching for other planet, must new energy more effective than what

we today have

Finally, we'll look at the "newer" forms of

energy and take a look at energy in the

future-New energy: Hydro energy and Energy

of fundamental particle

CÓ DẦU

KINH TẾ, XÃ HÔI VÙNG SÂU, XA

DÂY CHUYỀN SẢN XUẤT

ETANOL &

HYDROCACBON

VẬT LIỆU COMPOSITE

POLYME PHSH

THỰC VẬT

HOA RAU,CỦ QỦA

CHI PHÍ XỬ LÝ = CHI PHÍ SẢN XUẤT

THUỐC TRỪ SÂU SINH HỌC

Cellulose thô+ glyxerin thô từ sx

biodiesel + (5-10%) cặn biodiesel biến tính + xúc tác +

60,22% Hydrocacbon C10 thẳng 13,56% Hydrocacbon C10 vòng

Bã mía, mạt cưa + xử lý =>

Cellulose thô

 Additive for CETAN number : increase diesel oil market from 55 to 60, for biodiesel B-100 from 52 to 65)

 Additive for Oxidation stability of Biodiesel B-100 from 6 ( E-DIN and ASTM) to 12 h,

 Grease from vegetable oil: Change product from forssil oil with better

■ Material A2B3: Nano metal catalyst

for disconnected Hydro from water.

■ Material HP: Adsorbent hydro for Hydro

Tiềm năng các nguồn năng lượng tái tạo tại Việt Nam khá dồi dào Trong đó năng lượng địa nhiệt có thể khai thác 200MW vào năm 2020 Nguồn năng lượng mặt trời với số giờ nắng bình quân là 2.000-2.500 giờ/năm, tổng bức xạ nhiệt bình quân khoảng 150kcal/cm2/năm,

tương đương với khoảng 43,9 tỷ tấn dầu mỗi năm (con

số ước lượng trên lý thuyết)

Năng lượng gió của Việt Nam cũng hết sức dồi dào,

cường độ năng lượng gió hiện nay tại các vùng hải

đảo khoảng 1.400kWh/m2 mỗi năm Cường độ năng

lượng khoảng 500-1.000kWh/m2 mỗi năm tại các vùng Duyên hải Trung bộ, Tây Nguyên và Nam Bộ, tại các

vùng khác dưới 500kWh/m2 mỗi năm.

Ngoài ra Việt Nam còn tiềm năng sinh khối từ gỗ, chất thải nông nghiệp (tương đương 43-46 triệu tấn

Wind energy in Vietnam is very abundant, the intensity of wind energy now in the area around 1.400kWh/m2 islands each year Energy intensity of about 500-1.000kWh/m2 each year in the

Central Coast, Southern Highlands and, in other areas under

500kWh/m2 each year.

In addition Vietnam has the potential of wood biomass,

agricultural waste (equivalent to 43-46 million tons of oil per year; Biogas and Uranium (U308 ore is 218,167 tons, ranking the world average)

chỉ có tiềm năng rất lớn, mà còn đang ở dạng

sơ khai, nên cần thiết phải đầu tư cho nghiên cứu và phát triển công nghệ của Việt nam để

có thể phản biện cho công nghệ nhập khẩu.

3 Năng lượng từ sinh khối, không chỉ là etanol sinh học, diesel sinh học, khí sinh học

mà còn là các loại xăng dầu thế hệ mới được gọi là “sunfuel” cũng cần thiết phải nghiên cứu để sản xuất Đặc biệt trong bối cảnh biến đổi khí hậu-mà khả năng một phần diện tích đất của Việt nam bị ngập nước-thì các loại thực vật vùng ngập mặn sẽ đóng vai trò quan trọng trong việc cung cấp nguyên liệu cho

sản xuất hóa chất và nhiên liệu.

3 Energy from biomass, ethanol is not only a

biological, bio-diesel, biogas, but also the type of fuel the new generation called "sunfuel" also need to

produce research Especially in the context of climate change-that the possibility of a land area of Vietnam- flooded areas, the mangrove plants will play an

important role in providing raw materials for chemical production and fuel.

4 Các dạng năng lượng tái tạo khác như điện mặt trời, điện gió, thủy điện vừa

và nhỏ cần được phát triển đồng bộ và xứng tầm của nó Tuy nhiên, đây là dạng năng lượng phụ thuộc hoàn toàn vào khí hậu nên cần cân nhắc mức độ đầu tư,

tránh việc đầu tư theo phong trào hay dự

án để giảm thiểu tối đa sự lãng phí và thiệt hại.

5 Ngay từ bây giờ, cần phải chuẩn bị lực lượng cho nền kinh tế hydro trong

tương lai Đó là con đường tất yếu mà nhân loại phải hướng tới - trong đó có Việt

should consider the investment level, avoiding the movement of investment or project to

minimize waste and damage

5 Right now, need to prepare forces for

hydrogen economy in the future It is the path that humanity must inevitably toward - including Vietnam

XIN CẢM ƠN SỰ QUAN