TU VUNG NGU PHAP 12 TN THPT

ENGLISH 12 - UNIT1 : HOME LIFEFill in the blanks with suitable word for give come up household make pressure take rush share night shift take after run until close-knit help Mother works

ENGLISH 12 - UNIT1 : HOME LIFE

Fill in the blanks with suitable word

for give come up household

make pressure take

rush share night shift

take after run

until close-knit help

Mother works …… nurse - ………… once /twice a week

- caring :+ ………… the responsibility ………

+ ………… sure+ ………… = run quickly

=> busy at work

=> ………… hands to build

a nice house and a happy home

Father biologist - not come home ………… late at night

- willing to ………….a hand with

+ his eel soup

The girl Pupil - ………to win a place at

university

- > under studying ………

- ………household chores

- ………look the boys

- ………… out the garbage

ENGLISH 12 - UNIT2 : CULTURAL DIVERSITY ( diversity culture)

Best saying : a happy marriage should be based on love

contractual attractivenes s

partnership

supposed with carry out

survey maintain old-aged

toward confide marriag e

reject wedded wedding

- ………… marriage : fall in love

-> ………… beauty + appearance

- ……… to tell where

- ……… hi sinh

- conduct = ?

- ………parents

- it’s ……… to ask question about age, ……….and income

- the ……….party /ceremony/ ring/ banquet

- the newly ………couples : altar , pray, exchage

ENGLISH 12 – UNIT3 : WAYS OF SOCIALISING

Instance

Assistance

kidding

Verbal At up

Non-verbal Approach kind

Signals Social nice

Catch Take beautiful

Form attract

Compliment glad

To ……… /get one’s attention

Verbal ………… of communication

……… form of communication

-……… = example -> obvious non-verb ………… are appropriate +Wave + Raise hand + Airport : jump ……….and down + restaurant : ………one’s eye , nod slightly (slight nod) -> need ………

-Whistle, clap hand, point ……….… –> impolite/rude ……….situation ………= come near to ……… call = phone compliment - Lời khen - What a ………dress you’ve got! - How ……… your house is! (……… … )

Ghi những tính từ thể hiện khen ngợi - I’m ………you like it - Thank you for your saying so - That’s a nice……….

- It’s very ………… of you to say so - You must be ……….! I…….

ENGLISH 12 - UNIT4 : SCHOOL EDUCATION SYSTEM Best saying : Schooling is ……… for all children from the……… 5 to 17 short general las at compulsory academic core run separated national paying consist independent fee into set parallel break stages age of term favourite - school system : ……… + state : free ……… ( without ………fee ) + ……….or public : fee-paying - ………year: + ……….from to

+ is divided ………… (……… of) 2 terms - each ……… + is ……… by a one-week ……… called half term - The ………curriculum + is ………by the government + ……… subject : examinations at certain ……….of the school education system + my……… subject - The ……… Certificate of Secondary Education is often called GCSE for …………

- How long does the primary education ……….?

- ……….the age of 16 - optional = ? ………

Xem thêm trang 49, 50 ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT5: HIGHER EDUCATION Best saying : Students should make full use of the tutors and lecturers - Fill in the application form - Applicant is a person who apply for job >< application form - Take the GCSE/entrance examination - Get ……… result - Get letter of acceptance from the university - Universities send letters of … acceptance to successful candidates by post - Deal with - Feel so lonely - Graduate from - Thoroughly = completely - Entrance requirement ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT6: FUTURE JOBS Best saying : Interview preparation is stressful : -Find out as much as possible about the job and the vacancy - Show suitable candidate for the position - Bring certificates and letters of recommendation from teachers/ professors/ bosses/ employers - jot down qualifications and experience - make sure know where - dress neatly and formally In the interview - greet / say goodbye interviewer - concentrate on = focus on = pay attention to - make effort to answer questions (clear, polite and honest) - show enthusiasm /keenness - certificates are document that you receive when you have completed a course of study or training - vacancy ( available job) - résumé ( short written account of one’s education and previous jobs) - keenness ( special interest) - jot down ( note down ) ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT8: LIFE IN THE FUTURE

Optimist

Optimistic

Good, better

pessimist

pessimistic

Bad, disappointed

Terrorist

terrorism Violent action

Economic depression Little economic activity, poor, without job (jobless)

Prepositions and articles

Die of

on business

famous for

between…… and……

- In time for cuối cùng/kịp giờ + On time đúng lúc (không sớm/muộn) - at the end of tại thời điểm cuối ….( the book/ film/ + in the end = at last, finally, la - get/be married to + marry with - lend/ borrow/ send/ give/ offer/ apply for  the ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT10: ENDANGERED SPECIES Many thousands of animal species become extinct each year before biologists can identify them Endangered species Vulnerable species Be threatened withIn danger of extinction

Become extinct The verge of extinction Primary causes - habitat destruction - commercial exploitation - pollution ( toxic chemicals, contaminated water ) Plant, animal extinction Loss of biodiversity maintain Efforts/measures - Save/protect - pass laws = enact laws - established wildlife habitat reserve Natural habitat = natural environment Extinction =stop existing Biodiversity = existence of animals , plants -> balanced environment Conservation = prevent st lost, wasted, damaged or destroyed Needn’t Plenty of time , much time, enough ….đủ , already đã …rồi Understand, go on a diet Need Not… plenty of time , much time, enough ….đủ , already đã …rồi must Remember, valuable, good, mustn’t Forget, secrete, open lion’s cage, (Zoo notice) - feed the animal, lift – fire , take more pills Xem thên trang 117 ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT11: BOOKS How it is possible to read different types of books in different ways

- dip into , read bits here and there Swallowing - good/ exciting/ interesting

- hard to put down

- hard to pick up again (bad book) Chewing and digesting - read slowly and carefully

- Books are still a cheap way to get information and entertainment, can keep forever, read again

- Books in the home are a wonderful source of knowledge and pleasure

Novel Long story, character, events

Science fiction Imagined scientific discoveries

Fiction book Stories, imagination

biography Person’s life written

What is he like ?  He is brave, witty and very kind to other people

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT12: WATER SPORTS ( Aquatic sports) Water polo

pool 1.8 metres deep, 30 metres long, 20 metres wide

goal 3 metres high, 0.9 metres above the water

Is marked by vertical post, a crossbar, a net team Seven players, white caps, goalie – red cap

rules Sprint = swim/run quickly

advance = throw

No player except the goalie can hold the ball with both hand Defensive players are not allowed to interfere with the opponent’s movements

Major fouls are penalized by ….in the penalty box

A player is ejected after committing five personal fouls

Minor fouls Holding, punching

A game Is divided into quarters ranging from five to eight minutes in length

Two overtime periods opponent Defeat another person in a competition

penalize Punish……who breaks the rules

eject Make someone leave a game

foul Action against rules

Tie = draw same score

Water polo Pool, ball

Wind-surfing Board, sail

Scuba-diving Air tank, fins, mask, underwater

snorkeling Face down, breathing, slender

AAU – The Amateur Athletic Union

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT13: The 22 nd Sea Games host Vietnam held The 22nd Sea Games Spirit - solidarity, co-operation for peace and development - The Vietnamese athletes competed in high spirits Participant Take part in = competitor = participate in = join - Athletes from 11 participating countries competed in…

- The Vietnamese Women’s Football team successfully defended the Sea Game title - The young and energetic Vietnamese athletes performed excellently (Outstanding athletic = excellent athletic ) - A plan has been proposed for Vietnam to host the Asia Sports Games at some point in the future - Vietnam’s first place finish was not surprising ………

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT14: INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS UN – UNICEF – WHO – The World Health Organization WWF – NATO – The Red Cross is dedicated - to reducing the human sufferings - Give medical aid - Help victims of major disasters : floods, earthquakes, epidemics, and famines - The foundation of International Red Cross was inspired by a Swiss man called Henry Dunant - The Red Cross is aimed at providing medical aid and other help to victims of natural disasters - The Federation’s mission is to improve the lives of vulnerable people who are victims of natural disasters, poverty and health emergencies - Initiate - Appall - Appeal- Tsunami - Objective = aim - Main goals ………

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go On ( stop/ break/rest/tired)

In

Off (bomb) = explode = ring (clock)

get hurry wash

Away

Along

Ahead

over

hold give look turn

up = delay/ postpone/ put off (word, dictionary, directory)

= arrive ( never … on time/always late )

look At

In

On

For

After = take care of

Up (word, dictionary, directory)

Over (information )

Get Take Lie try

Over After Down out

= recover from ( death of…)

= resemble ( father/sister/….)

= test turn on

off round

Dark Not use, finish using

Hear a noise behind

put on Clothes/ coat/ cold

ENGLISH 12 – UNIT15: WOMEN IN SOCIETY

- Deep-seated cultural beliefs

- Women’s natural roles : mothers, wives, be suited for childbearing, childrearing and homemaking

- Widespread doubt about women’s intellectual ability

- Struggle for women’s rights establish the same social, economic, and political status for women as for men

- Political philosopher

- Pioneer thinker advocated women should not discriminated against on the basis of their sex

- Women’s status varies in different countries, women in most part of the world have gained significant legal rights

explain st

invite sb

speak

write

Listen

to sb to

to sb

to sb to

glance laugh throw stare point

at at at at at

wait ask sb apply search talk leave

for for st for st to sb for

about st to sb for

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ENGLISH 12 – UNIT16: THE ASSOCIATION OF SOUTHEAST ASIAN NATIONS - ASEAN

- The main goals of the Association are to accelerate economic growth, social progress and cultural

development, and to promote peace and stability through respect justice … in the region

- ASEAN Vision 2020 is aimed at forging closer economic integration within region

- The objective of the ASEAN Vision 2020 is to create economic integration among the member countries.

- GDP – gross domestic product : total value of goods…one year

- ASEAN economic cooperation covers many areas : trade, investment………

- At present, Vietnam is trying its best to accelerate the rate of economic growth - The road is bordered by shopping centres, restaurants and other commercial enterprises - Her interest is very diverse ………

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TÓM TẮT NGỮ PHÁP TIẾNG ANH – ÔN TN.THPT A-Cách thành lập Danh từ số nhiều : 1/ Thêm ‘ S ’ vào sau Danh từ đếm được số ít ex : cities, ladies, plays, keys, cars ** Những Danh Từ tận cùng là _s, ss, sh, ch, x,z,o thì + ES -Ex : classes, potatoes, bushes, watches……

2/ Danh Từ Bất Quy Tắc cần nhớ : số ít-số nhiều man men woman women person persons / people foot feet tooth teeth goose geese ox oxen child children mouse mice louse lice basis bases datum data 3/ Cấu trúc cụm Danh Từ cơ bản ( thường có cột 1 và 4) ->> ghi nhớ để làm bài tập Word form 1- Thành phần đứng đầu cụm 2-Trạng từ (adverb) 3-Tính từ (adjective) 4-Danh từ (Noun) Examples a/an/the very / extremely Noun an organ , her father, that house, these books, those houses, two cars, some students… TTSH -my,our,your,… this, that, these,those Số lượng * Note: Có tính từ sở hữu thì không có mạo từ /từ chỉ định B- TENSES – Nhớ hình thức Đtừ là từ V0 ->V1/s/es ->V2/ed ->V3/ed -> Ving và Đkiện dùng kèm nó THÌ Trạng Từ cần nhớ Will Vo tomorrow, next + time, in/by 2020, soon, tonight, someday V1/s/es - always, often, usually, sometimes, today, nowadays, constantly, occasionally, seldom, rarely, hardly, * every/a/each + time ( every day/ week/ month…,once/twice a week, 3 times a week… ) V2/ed - Yesterday, Last / ago , In/by 1999 , this morning , from 1230 to 2009… - When I w a s a boy/ a child/ 5 years have/has V3/ed * for + khoảng thời gian since + tg xác định/mốc tg + since 1999 /yesterday/last…/S+V 2/ed  sau since là V2/ed hoặc trạng từ của nó,bỏ ago + for two minutes/days/weeks/months/years  sau for + (số lượng) + time - recently = lately ; (just , ever , never , already 4 từ này thường ở giữa have …V3/ed) - until now = up to now = up to the present = so far , yet , before (cuối câu) - once 1 lần, twice 2 lần, several times vài lần - It’s the first/ second time + HTHT - the most/the -est + HTHT had V 3/ed Xét nếu hành động xảy ra trước một hành động quá khứ khác * Xem mệnh đề thời gian is/are/am Ving -Now, right now, at present, at the moment, at this time - sau câu mệnh lệnh look ! , listen ! , Be quiet !, Becareful !, Don't make noise !, Keep silent!

**Không chia các động từ sau ở Ving: be, see, hear, understand, know, like, want, feel, think, smell, love, hate, remember, realize, seem…, chỉ tri giác, giác quan, mong muốn

Will have V3/ed - By (before) + mốc thời gian trong tương lai Ex: By the end of next week

C- Phrases and clauses – CỤM TỪ VÀ MỆNH ĐỀ

C.1/ Mệnh đề Trạng Ngữ chỉ thời gian: được bắt đầu bằng after, as soon as, before, by the time, when,

till, until, since, while…

** nhớ sự hòa hợp Động từ trong MĐ thời gian 1 – 0 hoặc 1 – 1 ; 2 – 3 hoặc 2 – 2

- S + have/has V3/ed + O since S + V2/ed/last/yesterday/1999 ->sau since là V2/ed hoặc ADV của nó bỏ ago

when

S + had V3/ed có for/just/already …

S + V1/s/es/2/ed là ĐT cắt ngang come, meet, see, start,

begin ,get/go home, ring… adv – suddenly,tri giác,giác

quan

S + be + Ving

(hoặc xét while , when thì hành động nào dài hơn, sớm hơn ta dùng QKTD , còn lại ta dùng QKĐ)

*** - Không dùng will ngay sau những từ chỉ thời gian trên

- Mệnh Đề có before, after, will V0 ->> không chia tiếp diễn (be V_ing)

- be Ving thường đi với when, while, đôi khi by the time

-2 S giống trong When ta chia HTĐ/QKĐ cả 2 vế nếu không có Động từ chỉ tri giác, giác quan

C.2 / CLAUSES OF CONDITION ( MỆNH ĐỀ ĐIỀU KIỆN )

Cách nhớ: MĐ phụ If1 V1/s/es, If2 V2/ed, If3 had V3/ed

adv TYPE IF CLAUSE (mđ phụ if ) MAIN CLAUSE (mđ chính)

QKhứ If3 had + V3 / ed would/could + have + V3 / ed

Notes * If I… you/a bird/ wings  chọn if 2

* IF …not = UNLESS ( Bỏ if …not thay bằng unless ) ** ngay sau unless không dùng not

-If she hadn’t told me, I would not have known that news  Unless she had told me, I would not have known that news

- If we had more rain , our crops would grow faster  Unless we had more rain ,our crops would not grow faster

*** Đổi từ because/so/…  if có 2 Bước B1: tìm vị trí dặt If, B2: lùi thì, đổi Khẳng <->Phủ

Xét câu đã cho có - V1/s/es (hoặc Trạng từ V1/s/es)  V2/ed áp dụng cấu trúc If2

Xét câu đã cho có - V2/ed (hoặc Trạng từ V2/ed)  V3/ed áp dụng cấu trúc If3

Dạng 1: or = “,” đặt If đầu câu, chỉ đổi 1 vế khẳng  phủ ex: Run quickly or we'll miss the train

-> If we run quickly, we won’t miss the train / If we don’t run quickly, we’ll miss the train

Dạng 2: so/that’s why = “,” và đặt If đầu câu ex: The weather was very nice so we didn’t go

camping

Dạng 3: because = If ex: I had a cold because I walked in the rain.

* Các trường hợp không có SO, BECAUSE ta xét bằng cách tự thêm SO/BECAUSE vô

@ NOTES: Dạng đảo ngữ của MĐ If

1 If you should see Tom this evening, tell him to phone me.

= Should you see Tom this evening, tell him to phone me.

2 If they were stronger, they could lift the table.

= Were they stronger, they could lift the table.

by the time till

until

V2/ed

3 If he had studied hard, he would have passed his exam.

= Had he studied hard, he would have passed his exam.

**Dạng trộn IF2 và IF3 : If you had had breakfast, you wouldn’t be hungry now.

C.3/ CLAUSE AFTER Wish , If Only ( MỆNH ĐỀ SAU WISH và IF ONLY )

* Chỉ sử dụng 1 vế của cấu trúc If2 hoặc IF3 , ta dựa vào Adv/V1/s/es -> if2, Adv/V2/ed -> if3

* Khi câu gốc cĩ W/C thì biến đổi dùng MĐ chính (bên cĩ W/C)

EX: 1/ I wish I _ a trip to London last year.

2/ She wishes she _ a doctor in the future

3/ My father won’t lend me his car I wish _

A.he lent me his car B.he didn’t lend me his car

C.he would lend me his car D.he wouldn’t lend me his car

4/ It wasn’t fine I wish _

A.it was fine B.it would fine C.it will fine D.it had been fine

@ SOME OTHER CASES:

or, or else, otherwise nếu khơng thì - Go out now or I will call the police = Go out now, otherwise I will call the police

in case trong trường hợp, phịng khi - You should bring the umbrella in case it rains.

provided / providing

(that) / as long as miễn là - You can camp here provided you leave no mess.

@ AS IF / AS THOUGH: Y như thể ĐT sau nĩ lùi 1 bậc so với ĐT trước

1 Unreal in the Present

(không có thật ở hiện tại) S + V (present) + as if + S + V (past subjunctive)2/ ed hoặc were

2 Unreal in the Past

(không có thật ở quá khứ)

S + V (past) + as if + S + had V3/ ed (past perfect subjunctive)

Ex: 1 He acts as though he were rich (He is not rich)

2 Betty talked about the contest as if she had won the grand prize (She didn’t win the grand prize)

C.4/ RELATIVE CLAUSES ( Mệnh đề quan hệ )

gờm 2 phần : Mệnh đề chính và phụ

Mệnh đề phụ được bắt đầu bằng các Đại Từ Quan hệ WHO, WHOM,WHOSE, WHICH, THAT hoặc các Trạng Từ Quan hệ WHERE, WHEN, WHY MĐQH được dùng để bổ nghĩa cho Danh Từ của Mệnh đề chính

DẠNG 1 : BÀI TẬP BIẾN ĐỞI / TRẮC NGHIỆM

+ vì Wh luơn đứng đầu câu nên ta phải đem chúng (who/whom,,,,) lên đầu câu của nĩ

+ đem tồn bợ câu cĩ Đại từ quan hệ đặt ngay sau N/NP cĩ quan hệ nếu N/NP đứng đầu câu

who + V + O whom S + V … whose + N …

* Nếu N/NP không có MQH với S/O/TTSH thì sẽ có MQH với N/NP giống N/NP phía trước

* that =who/whom/which; kg dùng that sau dấu “,” và giới từ

* The first/second/third/fourth/ most/ est… last,all,only,any,every,very,some,no  that

* sau giới từ + whom/which, Danh từ Người and vật dùng that

Trạng từ liên hệ

=(in/on/at which)

Nơi chốn: place where

Lưu ý :

* không dùng WHEN , WHERE , WHY khi

- phía sau động từ người ta có chừa lại

giới từ in/ on/ at/ for

The house I live in is nice

a/ The man who spoke to John is my brother b/ Yuri Gagarin was the first man who flew into space.

c/ The books which were written by To Hoai are interesting

GHI NHỚ :

* Khi lược bỏ Đại từ quan hệ hoặc rút gọn mệnh đề quan hệ nếu có giới từ thì phải đem xuống cuối câu của

mệnh đề phụ (đây là lỗi dễ sai nhất)

- We have a peg on which we can hang our coat.

→ We have a peg to hang our coat on.

C.5/ PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF PURPOSE ( Cụm từ và mệnh đề chỉ mục đích )

b/ He gave me his address He wanted me to visit him.

 He gave me his address in order for/so as for me to visit him.

c/ I’m studying hard I want to keep pace with my classmates.

 I’m studying hard so that I can keep pace with my classmates.

d/ I give him the book I want him to read it

 I give him the book so that he can read it.

Lưu ý: + Nếu phủ định thì để NOT trước TO, tuy nhiên không dùng NOT to V 0

+ Thông thường khẳng định thì dùng can /could, còn có phủ (NOT) thì dùng won't / wouldn't ,trừ những trường hợp có ý ngăn cấm thì mới dùng can't/couldn't.

C.6/ PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF RESULT Từ cụm từ chỉ kết quả

S + be

-S1≠S2 thì đổi S2 thành O đặt sau for bỏ các trợ ĐT

* Note : - không dùng “ too …not to Vo” vì too …to có nghĩa phủ

- từ too… to  enough to phải dùng từ trái nghĩa phủ định (vd: expensive  not cheap , old  not young…)

- S + V + enough + Noun (time/money/water/food/drink…) + to – infinitive

Ex : I don’t have money I can’t buy this bicycle - > I don’t have enough money to buy this bicycle

Clauses of Result : Mệnh đề chỉ kết quả SO …1/3…THAT ; SUCH…2/3… THAT( Quá ………đến nỗi )

S 1 + be/ Vthường + O 1 SUCH adj + N a/an + adj + N THAT S 2 + V + O 2

* LƯU Ý : nếu S1 là vật mà O2 (tân ngữ của MĐ sau that) nó nhắc lại dùng “it”

- Trong cấu trúc: so/such … that, ta giữ lại từ “it”

- Trong cấu trúc: too … to ; not … enough … to, ta bỏ từ “it”.

Ex1: The water was so cold that the children couldn’t swim in it giữ it

-> It was such cold water that the children couldn’t swim in it giữ it

-> The water was too cold for the children to swim in bỏ it

-> The water is not warm enough for the children to swim in. bỏ it

Bài tập biến đổi

Ex: 1/ She is week She can’t move the table  She is too week to move the table (S1=S2)

 She is so week that She can’t move the table

 She is such a week person that She can’t move the table mượn 1 N chỉ người

2/ He is tall He can reach the switch  He is tall enough to reach the switch (S1=S2)

 He is so tall that He can reach the switch

 He is such a tall boy that He can reach the switch mượn 1 N chỉ người

3/ The coffee is too hot I can't drink it  The coffee is too hot for me too drink (S1≠S2)

 The coffee is so hot that I can't drink it

 It is such hot coffee that I can't drink it đem N vào, coffee không đếm được nên không dùng a/an

***cách làm: tìm adj/adv ở câu đầu, xét xem dùng too…to hay ….enough to; so/such….that

+ Trước adj/adv nếu có too, so, very,quite thì bỏ

He is very strong He can lift the box -> He is so strong that he can lift the box.

+ Nếu có a lot of ,lots of thì phải đổi thành much,many dùng so …that /too …to

He ate a lot of food He became ill -> He ate so much food that he became ill

+ Nếu trước danh từ có much, many thì phải đổi thành a lot of dùng such a/an… that

He bought many books He didn't know where to put them

-> He bought such a lot of books that he didn't know where to p

+ Nếu danh từ là số nhiều hoặc không đếm được thì không dùng (a/an) trong cấu trúc such….that

C.7/ PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF REASON ( Cụm từ và Mệnh đề chỉ Lý Do )

+ S1 + V + O + BECAUSE + S2 + V + O

 S1 + V + O + BECAUSE OF Noun / N Phrase / V-ing Phrase

Ex : + He was absent because he was ill đổi S -> TTSH, Đổi adj -> N

 He was absent because of his illness Or S1=S2  He was absent because of being ill

 We can go out because of the rain

***  She went to bed early because of her feeling tired

 Note : Khi S1 = S2 là một thì ta dùng V- ing Phrase ( bỏ S đổi ĐT thành V-ing )

C.8/ PHRASES AND CLAUSES OF CONCESSION ( Cụm từ và mệnh đề nhượng bộ )

1 / Phrases of concession : In Spite Of / Despite + N/N phrase /V-ing phrase, S + V + O mặc dù,cho dù

In Spite Of / Despite the fact that + S + V, S + V + O

2 / Clause of concession : although / though / even though + S + V , S + V + O

Ex : + He is very rich He is not happy  Although he is very rich , he is not happy

 Despite being very rich , he is not happy + She tried She was not successful  Though she tried, she was not successful

 In Spite Of trying , she …

Xem lại cách biến đổi từ Because sang Because Of

D/ REPORTED SPEECH ( Câu tường thuật ) có 2 hình thức – lùi thì hoặc dùng V ing /V to

D.1/ Lùi thì , đổi các trạng từ , Đại từ ( I,me,my,we,us,our -> S ; you,your -> O )

các Trạng Từ dưới đây cần phải đổi

-then -that / those -there

-tomorrow + next week -yesterday + last night -(three days) ago

-the next day / the following day/ the day after + the next week/ ….

- the day before / the previous day + the night before / the previous night -(three days) before

- bỏ V ở Htại,Tlai, đảo ngữ - bỏ said to, told to, asked to

- chọn had V3/ed …+….the previous…/…before cách nhớ âm i (ed/ before/ previous)

- chọn would V0 …+…the next /following/…after

- S + told/ asked + O + to Vo…

* Chú ý: khi động từ tường thuật ở hiện tại ( say, tell, ask) thì không cần lùi thì, không đổi trạng từ, chỉ đổi Đại từ cho phù hợp với người nói –S và người nghe – O

D.2/ dùng V ing

- S + V (suggest/deny/admit) + Ving + …… 3 ĐT này không giới không tân

- S + V + (O) + pre + V ing …… nhóm này có giới, có tân/không tân

Nếu sử dụng Động từ trong bảng này thì Động từ theo sau nó ở dạng V+ing

S + V + ( O ) + prep + V-ing

- insist on nài nỉ đòi

congratulate sb on chúc mừng ai về…

- dream of mơ tưởng/muốn làm điều gì

think of nghĩ tới ai/điều gì

accuse sb of buộc tội ai về điều gì

- object to phản đối về

look forward to mong đợi …

- warn (sb) about khuyến cáo ai về

warn (sb) against khuyến cáo ai đừng

- apologize (to sb) for xin lỗi ai về …

blame sb for đổ lỗi cho ai về…

thank sb for cám ơn ai về

criticize sb for đánh giá ai về ….

praise sb for khen ngợi ai…

- stop sb from

prevent sb from ngăn cản ai khỏi…

- complain about than phiền về…