pushes and pulls at home

A Procedural Textby Kendall Kramer Pushes and Pulls at Home Pushes and Pulls at Home Write About Pushes and Pulls... A Procedural Textby Kendall Kramer Pushes and Pulls at Home Pushes

A Procedural Text

by Kendall Kramer

Pushes and

Pulls at Home

Pushes and

Pulls at Home

Write About Pushes and Pulls

A Procedural Text

by Kendall Kramer

Pushes and

Pulls at Home

Pushes and

Pulls at Home

A force can be a push or a pull A push

or a pull can move things.

You can investigate pushing and

pulling at home.

Here is a checklist you can use when

you investigate.

Pushes and Pulls

at Home Ask a Question Predict

Plan Observe Record Analyze Data Draw a Conclusion Share Results

Do I use more pushes or

pulls at home?

Ask a Question

Start with a science question.

Predict

Think about the things you push and pull every day Then make a prediction.

Pushes and Pulls

at Home

My Question

Do I use more pushes

or pulls at home?

My Prediction

I use the same number

of pushes and pulls in one day.

Plan

Plan a fair way

to answer your

question.

I pushed a toy car.

I pushed a book onto a shelf.

I pushed the doorbell.

I pushed a drawer shut.

Observe

Observe the pushes you use Write down the objects you push.

I pushed a cabinet door.

Things I Push Things I Pull doorbell

toy car book drawer cabinet door buttons

chair

I pulled my shoelaces to tie them.

Observe the pulls you use Write down the objects you pull.

I pulled up the covers.

Things I Push Things I Pull doorbell shoelaces toy car wagon book covers drawer drawer cabinet door chain buttons

chair

Record

Make a table like this one It needs three columns and enough rows to list all of the objects Write down all the pushes and pulls from the day.

Object Push Pull

book X

buttons X

cabinet door X

chair X

covers X

doorbell X

drawer X X

light switch

chain

X

shoelaces X

toy car X

wagon X

Analyze Data

Add up the pushes and pulls Check your prediction.

book X buttons X cabinet door X chair X covers X doorbell X

drawer X X light switch

chain

X

shoelaces X toy car X

wagon X

pull

Draw a Conclusion

See whether you used more pushes

or pulls Did you ever push and pull

the same object?

Share Results

Show your table to the class Tell them what you found out about pushes and pulls you use at home.

Author’s Note

When my science teacher gave us our homework,

I couldn’t wait to start observing My family helped

me look around for things to push and pull I didn’t realize how many objects I pushed and pulled every day.

After I finished the investigation, I wrote about the procedure I followed I read it to my little sister last night It was a fun way to share my experience.

— Kendall Kramer

Acknowledgments

Grateful acknowledgment is given to the authors, artists, photographers, museums, publishers,

and agents for permission to reprint copyrighted material Every effort has been made to secure

the appropriate permission If any omissions have been made or if corrections are required,

please contact the Publisher

Illustrator Credits

Shawn McKelvey

Neither the Publisher nor the authors shall be liable for any damage that may be caused or

sustained or result from conducting any of the activities in this publication without specifically

following instructions, undertaking the activities without proper supervision, or failing to comply

with the cautions contained herein

Program Authors

Malcolm B Butler, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Science Education, University of South Florida,

St Petersburg, Florida; Judith Sweeney Lederman, Ph.D., Director of Teacher Education and

Associate Professor of Science Education, Department of Mathematics and Science Education,

Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois; Randy Bell, Ph.D., Associate Professor of Science

Education, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia; Kathy Cabe Trundle, Ph.D., Associate

Professor of Early Childhood Science Education, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio; Nell

K Duke, Ed.D., Co-Director of the Literacy Achievement Research Center and Professor of Teacher

Education and Educational Psychology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan; David

W Moore, Ph.D., Professor of Education, College of Teacher Education and Leadership, Arizona

State University, Tempe, Arizona

The National Geographic Society

John M Fahey, Jr., President & Chief Executive Officer

Gilbert M Grosvenor, Chairman of the Board

Copyright © 2011 The Hampton-Brown Company, Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of the National

Geographic Society, publishing under the imprints National Geographic School Publishing and

Hampton-Brown

All rights reserved No part of this book may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by

any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or by an information

storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the Publisher

National Geographic and the Yellow Border are registered trademarks of the National

Geographic Society

National Geographic School Publishing

Hampton-Brown

www.NGSP.com

Printed in the USA

RR Donnelley, Johnson City, TN

ISBN: 978-0-7362-7672-6

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Writing Procedural