Mechanical Estimating Manual Episode 15 docx

Pricing and Discounts The pricing in the tables are based on the typical manufacturers list prices and the contractor’s supplier discounts must be applied.. Appropriate price discounts

Trang 1

Flanged Grooved

Diameter Labor Price Labor Price

—————————————————————————

Suction Diffuser, 200 PSI

—————————————————————————

Suction Diffuser, 300 PSI

—————————————————————————

Hot Water Specialties

—————————————————————————

Diameter Labor Price

—————————————————————————

Cock, Single Threaded

—————————————————————————

Cock, Double Threaded

—————————————————————————

Manual Air Vent

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Indicator Sight Glass, Soldered

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Suction Line Filter Drier I Core

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Suction Line Filter Drier 3 Core

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Suction Line Filter Drier 4 Core

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Sealed Filter Drier, Flared

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Sealed Filter Drier, Soldered

—————————————————————————

Trang 2

Soldered Threaded

Diameter Labor Price Labor Price

—————————————————————————

Expansion Valve

—————————————————————————

Solenoid Valve Pilot Operated

—————————————————————————

Stop Valve

—————————————————————————

Relief Valve, Soldered

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Sight Glass

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Filter Dryer

—————————————————————————

Steam Specialties

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Vacuum Breaker Water-Anti Siphon

————————————————————————— 1/2 0.60 $14.85

3/4 0.78 17.55

1-1/4 0.94 45.50 1-1/2 1.02 53.50

2-1/2 1.84 240.00

————————————————————————— Cock

—————————————————————————

Trang 3

Steam Separator

—————————————————————————

————————————————————————— Sight Glass

—————————————————————————

Trang 4

This chapter covers labor and price tables for DW (drain,

waste and vent) piping and fi ttings as follows:

DWV Pipe and Fittings:

• Copper DVVV Pipe and Wrot Copper DWV

Fittings

• PVC DWV Schedule 40

• ABS DWV Schedule 40

• Cast Iron Hub and Spigot

• Cast Iron No Hub

Units

All diameters are in inches.

Refer to chapter 17 for hangers.

Labor

The labor productivity rates in the tables are what

the average mechanic under average conditions can erect

on lower fl oors of construction projects However, they

may require the application of labor correction factors for

variable conditions such as upper fl oors, higher piping

runs, congested spaces, etc.

The labor in the tables are in hours per piece and

hours per foot for pipe.

Pricing and Discounts

The pricing in the tables are based on the typical

manufacturers list prices and the contractor’s supplier

discounts must be applied.

Appropriate price discounts can range from roughly

10 percent to 80 percent dependent on the following:

• Supplier discount structure

• Who manufacturer is

• Size of batch involved

• Availability

• Shipping distance, costs

Not All List Prices Are Publicly Available

Where there are no prices listed in tables, they are not usually publicly available from the manufacturer

If there is neither labor nor prices listed for a particular diameter in the tables, the particular item may not be available or it may not be a commonly used item.

Caution With List Prices

Pricing can sometimes vary signifi cantly because of changes in commodity material pricing such as copper, etc Periodic checks of current fi st prices should be made.

If in doubt about your discounts from list prices,

check with your supplier as to what they are for the various

categories of items - or request a quotation.

Automatic Updating Available in Wendes Computer System

Automatic updating of list pricing is available in the

Wendes Computerized Piping Estimating System Call (847)

808-8371 for more information.

Trang 5

Copper DWV Pipe and Fittings

Soldered Connections

——————————————————————————————————————————

Pipe 1/4 Bend 1/8 Bend 1/16 Bend Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

——————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.06 2.95 0.52 4.73 0.52 2.69 0.52 7.62

——————————————————————————————————————————

Double Sanitary Tee Dbl Sanitary Tee Wye Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

——————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 6

Copper DWV Pipe and Fittings

Soldered Connections

——————————————————————————————————————————

Tee-Wye LT Dbl Wye P-Trap Test Cap Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

——————————————————————————————————————————

Fitting Plug Ftg Cleanout Coupling Repair Cplg Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

——————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 7

PVC DWV Schedule 40 Solvent and Fusion Connections

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Pipe 1/4 Bend 1/4 Double Bend Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 0.04 0.04 $1.15 0.16 0.48 $1.77 — — —

1-1/2 0.04 0.04 1.26 0.16 0.48 0.89 0.23 0.71 $3.65

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Return Bend 1/8 Bend 1/6 Bend Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.16 0.48 $2.95 0.16 0.48 0.99 0.16 0.48 $1.79

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 8

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1/16 Bend 1/12 Bend 1/24 & 1/32 Bend Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 — — — — — — — — —

10 1.08 2.93 79.12 1.08 2.93 115.27 1.08 2.93 79.12

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Vent Tee Sanitary Tee Wye

Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 — — — 0.22 0.71 $3.15 0.23 0.71 $3.02

1-1/2 0.22 0.71 $4.98 0.22 0.71 1.32 0.23 0.71 2.62

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 9

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Double Wye Slip Cross P-Trap w/Chrome Nut Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 — — — — — — — — —

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Adapter HxF Adapter HxM Expansion Joint Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 — — — — — — — — —

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 10

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Slip Cap Spigot Plug Coupling HxH Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.10 0.25 $2.26 0.10 0.25 $6.19 0.16 0.48 0.57

10 0.70 1.82 54.92 0.70 1.82 61.83 0.99 2.02 38.61

12 1.06 2.76 69.35 1.06 2.76 79.77 1.20 2.45 43.67

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 11

ABS DWV Schedule 40 Solvent and Fusion Connections

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Pipe 1/4 Bend 1/4 Double Bend Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.06 — $2.70 0.16 0.48 1.09 0.23 0.71 $4.22

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Return Bend 1/8 Bend 1/6 Bend Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.16 0.48 $3.35 0.16 0.48 1.17 0.16 0.48 $1.96

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1/6 Bend Vent Tee Sanitary Tee Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.16 0.48 $1.71 0.22 0.48 $4.47 0.22 0.71 1.60

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 12

ABS DWV Schedule 40 Solvent and Fusion Connections

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.23 0.71 3.03 0.29 0.94 $6.44 — — —

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Adapter HxF Adapter HxM Coupling Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/4 — — — 0.33 0.59 $1.44 0.16 0.48 $1.15

1-1/2 0.36 0.64 $1.20 0.36 0.64 1.04 0.16 0.48 0.68

—————————————————————————————————————————————

P-Trap Cap Hub Pipe Test Cap Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Dia Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion Solvent Fusion

—————————————————————————————————————————————

1-1/2 0.17 0.48 $3.31 0.03 0.03 $2.36 0.03 0.03 $0.65

—————————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 13

Pipe 10’ Section Pipe 5’ Section 1/4 Bend 1/8 Bend Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

2 0.98 $52.80 0.59 $44.35 0.29 $9.70 0.29 $7.75

3 1.26 72.80 0.80 49.20 0.43 16.80 0.42 14.10

4 1.61 94.65 1.01 63.95 0.58 26.25 0.56 20.50

5 1.89 133.50 1.22 82.90 0.71 36.65 0.69 28.35

6 2.24 162.65 1.47 120.80 0.79 45.70 0.75 34.80

————————————————————————————————————————

1/5 Bend 1/6 Bend 1/16/Bend Pipe Plug Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

2 0.29 $15.95 0.29 $9.70 0.29 $7.75 0.04 $5.15

3 0.42 24.80 0.42 16.70 0.42 12.90 0.06 9.05

4 0.57 36.85 0.57 23.15 0.55 18.00 0.06 10.95

5 0.71 47.90 0.71 38.35 0.66 27.05 0.08 21.20

6 0.78 52.05 0.78 54.10 0.73 30.30 0.10 20.60

————————————————————————————————————————

Pipe pricing and labor for Cast Iron Hub and Spigot is per section Divide section length to get

per foot price and labor values

Trang 14

Wye Dbl Wye Sanitary Tee Sanitary Cross

Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

3 0.82 29.55 1.17 45.95 0.81 28.35 1.15 42.45

5 1.34 66.90 1.95 102.80 1.30 69.15 1.80 83.60

————————————————————————————————————————

Spigot Vent Cap Hub End Vnt Cp Vent Cap w/Screw Dbl Hub Ftg Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

4 0.06 $28.60 0.06 $29.70 0.06 19.50 0.98 21.95

————————————————————————————————————————

Cast Iron Hub and Spigot O-Ring Joint Compression Connections

————————————————————————————————

Clean Out P-Trap Running Trap Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————

Trang 15

Cast Iron No Hub

No Hub Connections

————————————————————————————————————————

Pipe 1/4 Bend Dbl 1/4 Bend 1/8 Bend Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

1/5 Bend 1/6 Bend 1/16 Bend Blind Plug Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

Trang 16

Cast Iron No Hub

No Hub Connections

————————————————————————————————————————

Sanitary Tee Sanitary Cross Wye Double Wye

Dia Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————————————————————

————————————————————————

Dia Labor Price Labor Price

————————————————————————

Trang 20

UNDERSTANDING AND APPLYING CORRECT

OVERHEAD AND PROFIT FACTORS

Most of the manual to this point has been spent on

emphasizing the necessity for making sure direct material

and labor costs are covered fully and accurately.

However, you may cover direct costs correctly, and still

may be short many thousands of dollars on your bid by

putting an inadequate markup on the job for overhead

and profi t thus despite your success in the fi rst part, you

are really no where in the end.

Hence, not only must you make sure that the

esti-mate of labor and esti-materials is complete and accurate-but

also that the profi t and overhead markups on each job bid

correspond accurately to the actual fi nances of the

com-pany.

Hence, the following concepts and defi nitions must

be thoroughly understood in the preparation of bids:

DIRECT COSTS

Direct costs are the costs for material, labor, and

sub-contractors needed for a job They are charged directly to

the particular project.

Labor covers fabrication, installation, drafting,

bal-ancing, etc.; materials include raw material and

equip-ment; sub-contractors include rentals and these are all

normally direct costs Also, sales tax, permits, bonds,

travel costs, room and board are direct type costs which

can be attributed directly to a project.

Total direct costs for the year for the $2 million dollar sales

con-tractor in the sample illustration are $1,500,000, which is 75

percent of sales.

OVERHEAD COSTS

Overhead costs however, are those costs you cannot

charge directly to each specifi c project They are fi xed and

semi-variable costs that continue on, either 100 percent

of the time or to some degree, whether you have work or not Overhead costs are prorated in varying degrees to all projects Some of the main ones are:

Offi ce Salaries Interest Rent or Owning Costs Depreciation Utilities Insurance Real Estate Taxes Boats, Lear Jets Auto and Truck Costs Trips to Disney World Labor draws about two to three times as much indi-rect cost as equipment, materials and sub-contractors do.

Total overhead costs for the year in the sample illustration are $400,000, which is 20 percent of sales.

PROFIT Profi t is the amount of money you have left over

at the end of the year and at the completion of the proj-ects after you have paid out all your direct and overhead costs Net profi ts are after corporate income taxes are

tak-en out.

Honest profi t is not a dirty word, but rather a neces-sity for successful business operation in a free functioning economy:

• Profi t pays a return on investment for stockholders

• It provides money for capital investments, machin-ery, buildings, etc.

• It provides for replacement, improvements and growth.

• It provides for increases in wages and more fringe benefi ts for employees

• Profi t provides more jobs through expansion

• Profi t is the incentive needed to take the risks of a business, and is the reward for the hard work and risk.

• Profi ts are necessary for a healthy economy.

and Profi t

287

Định dạng
Số trang	20
Dung lượng	157,83 KB