1 5 The User Controls screen for a user’s Parental Control settings On this screen, the first option you will want to set up is under the Parental Controls tion.. 1 6 The Web Restriction
Trang 111. Advanced compression codecs and copy protection are advantages of using which of the following music formats?
A. MP3
B. WMA
C. WAV
D. None of the above
12. You want to access media that others are sharing but you cannot see any shared media You have confirmed that the computer is allowed from the source of the shared media What should you do?
A. Highlight the computer in the Media Sharing dialog box and click Allow
B. Open the Media Sharing dialog box and enable the option Find Media That Others Are Sharing
C. Open the Media Sharing dialog box, highlight the computer sharing the media, click Customize, and select Use Default Settings
D. Go to the computer sharing the media and enable File Sharing
13. Which of the following are options you can set to view pictures in Media Center? (Choose all that apply.)
A. Show Caption
B. Show Pictures in Random Order
C. Show Pictures in Sequential Order
D. Show Background Color
14. Which window in Media Player will provide you with details about the song that you are currently listening to?
A. What You Hear
Trang 2A. Folders from the local hard drive
B. Folders from removable disks
C. Remote Media Folders
D. Folders from another computer
19. Which are included playlists in Windows Media Center?
A. Music Played the Most
B. Favorite Music
C. All Music
D. Music Rated at 1, 2, or 3 Stars
E. Music Played in the Last Month
A. C:\Documents and Settings\User\My Pictures
B. Any folder on the hard drive that has picture files
C. The user’s Pictures folder and the Public share’s Pictures folder
D. The picture library from Windows Media Player
Trang 3Answers to Review Questions
1. B The left pane, called the navigation pane, will give you quick links to your playlists, your all media library, and any other libraries on other computers or connected portable devices
over-2. B A Media Center extender is a device that allows you to share media content from a Windows Vista machine with a television
3. B, C Third-party set-top devices and Xbox 360 gaming consoles have the ability to act as Media Center extenders
4. C When the player is set to sync automatically, if the device’s capacity is larger than 4GB, and the media library will fit on the device, the player will sync the entire library
5. D Auto playlists are created automatically based on your media library The auto playlist will continue to change based on its filter in your media library
6. C You should enable media sharing in Windows Media Player as well as in the Network and Sharing Center
7. B, C, D In order to share media over the network, you must enable Media Sharing in the work and Sharing Center and then enable it in Windows Media Player Then you must specify the devices you want to access your shared media
Net-8. C You must sync from Windows Media Center to access recorded TV shows
9. A The option you select from the Settings menu is Extender From there you have the option
to add a new Media Center extender
10. B Go to the arrow below the Now Playing button and click More Options Click the Player tab and find the check box Stop Playback When Switching to a Different User and clear it
11. B The Windows Media Audio (WMA) format has certain advantages, such as more advanced compression codecs and copy protection
12. B To browse for other media, you must first enable the option Find Media That Others Are Sharing
13. A, B, D All of these are options except C You cannot show pictures in sequential order
14. C The Now Playing screen will provide you with details, such as song name, artist, and album, about the song that is currently being played
15. A In order to configure Parental Controls, you first must set up a limited account
16. B The WMA lossless format provides an exact copy of the music file without adding sion Since nothing is lost in this format, the audio quality is the highest
compres-17. A, C Windows Media Center offers you two modes, Normal and Media Only mode
Trang 4Answers to Review Questions 245
18. A, D You can choose from folders from the local hard drive or shared folders on another computer
19. A, C, E, G Windows Media Center includes several playlists by default; among them are Music Played the Most, All Music, Music Played in the Last Month, and Music Rated at 4
or 5 Stars
20. C Although you can add additional folders, the default Windows Media Center will use to play pictures is the user’s Pictures folder and the Public share’s Pictures folder
Trang 65
Configuring Windows Vista Security
MICROSOFT EXAM OBJECTIVES COVERED
IN THIS CHAPTER:
Configure Windows Security Center
Configure Windows Updates
Configure Parental Controls
Configure Internet Explorer 7+
Configure User Account Control
Protect data
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Trang 7One of the most important aspects of Windows Vista is its nearly complete overhaul of security compared to previous versions of Windows The architecture behind user management, resource management, operating system updates, and web browsing is completely new In this chapter, we’ll review each of these areas, focusing on how to configure various security settings, and we’ll review all of the new processes and applications You will also learn how to keep computers in top shape by applying the latest security and software updates using Windows Update with a new look for Windows Vista Finally, we will describe how EFS and BitLocker can help you fur-ther lock down your system’s files.
Understanding Windows
Security Center
applet, found in Control Panel, provides the user with the status on the current state of security
in Windows Vista and, where needed, allows the user to make changes to settings The goal
is to provide a single view of vulnerabilities that may exist and allow these vulnerabilities to
be remedied The goal in Security Center is to have everything be green This indicates that your system is reasonably well protected against security threats You will find Security Center
in Control Panel under Security In the classic view, it is in the root of Control Panel ing it opens the window shown in Figure 5.1
Launch-As you can see, Security Center is broken down into four major sections covering each of the security areas in Windows Vista Next, we will take a closer look at each of these sections and what options are available in each
Firewall
This section provides status on whether there is a firewall running on the machine The firewall can be the Windows Firewall program, which we’ll talk about in more detail in Chapter 6, or a third-party firewall program such as Norton Internet Security As you can see in Figure 5.2, the firewall status is green and it states the firewall is on If you read the text, however, you will see that Norton Internet Security is reporting a firewall that is on On this system Windows Firewall
is actually off, but since a third-party firewall software is running, Security Center is happy and the firewall status is green
Trang 8Understanding Windows Security Center 249
F I G U R E 5 1 Windows Security Center
F I G U R E 5 2 Security Center Firewall status
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If Security Center detects a problem with the firewall, the status will change to red and off Expanding the Firewall section will provide more detail, as shown in Figure 5.3 In this case, neither Windows Firewall nor the Norton Internet Security firewall is running on the local sys-tem When this is the case, you can click the Turn On button to remedy the situation Security Center will prompt you, as shown in Figure 5.4, if different options are available to fix the problem
F I G U R E 5 3 Security Center with red firewall status
F I G U R E 5 4 The Security Center prompt to fix a firewall problem
Trang 10Understanding Windows Security Center 251
When Security Center prompts you to select an option, you will notice that you have the option I Have a Firewall Program That I’ll Monitor Myself If you choose this option, Security Center will stop prompting you when there is a firewall problem and you will be on your own
to make sure the firewall is up and running You will select this option if the firewall program you are running is not built to communicate with Security Center This allows you to stop Security Center from bugging you about not having a firewall when you actually do.Last but not least, on the left side of Security Center, you have an access to Windows Fire-wall, as shown in Figure 5.5
Clicking this will launch the Windows Firewall program and allow you to make changes Keep in mind that this will only open Windows Firewall—you are on your own if you are using
a third-party firewall utility
F I G U R E 5 5 Security Center provides access to Windows Firewall settings.
Automatic Updating
The Automatic Updating section of Security Center provides status on Windows Update As you can see in Figure 5.6, this system is configured to download and install updates as they become available Automatic Updates, the recommended setting, provides a green status for Automatic Updating
Depending on how Windows Update is configured, you may see a yellow or even a red tus in Security Center Changing Windows Update to do anything less than install updates automatically will cause the status in Security Center to change from green in order to indi-cate a possible problem In Figure 5.7, Windows Update has been set to download updates but not install them automatically, and in Figure 5.8, Windows Update has been disabled altogether
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F I G U R E 5 6 Security Center Automatic Update status
F I G U R E 5 7 Security Center Automatic Updates with a yellow status
In either case, when the Automatic Updates status is lower than the green level, you can click Change Settings to fix the problem This will prompt you with two options, as shown in Figure 5.9
the recommended setting, which will cause Security Center to go back to a green status
you to choose any available setting Remember, anything less than automatic updates will cause a yellow status in Security Center
Trang 12Understanding Windows Security Center 253
F I G U R E 5 8 Security Center Automatic Updates status when Windows Update is disabled
F I G U R E 5 9 The Security Center prompt to fix automatic updating
Trang 13254 Chapter 5 Configuring Windows Vista Security
F I G U R E 5 1 0 Security Center Malware Protection status
Spyware Protection
Malware protection is provided in Windows Vista by Windows Defender, which will be cussed in detail in Chapter 8 As with firewalls, you can also install third-party tools for spyware protection, as is the case with the system shown in Figure 5.10 As before, if your spyware pro-tection software is off, you will be able to click Turn On and remedy the situation
dis-Configuring Antivirus in Windows Security Center
Antivirus protection is a bit more complicated when it comes to Windows Vista and Security Center There is no antivirus software included with Windows Vista, so you must purchase and install one If the antivirus software you install is built to communicate with Security Cen-ter, you should get a green status; otherwise, you will need to choose the option that you have
an antivirus program that you will monitor yourself This will prevent you from being nagged
by Security Center You can also choose to have Security Center not monitor the antivirus ware state, although this is not recommended Not having antivirus software can be a huge risk to not only the local system, but to other systems on the network as well These options are available by selecting Show Me My Available Options under Virus Protection, as shown
soft-in Figure 5.11
Trang 14Understanding Windows Security Center 255
F I G U R E 5 1 1 Antivirus options in Security Center
Remember: There is no antivirus protection available in Windows Vista by default—we recommend that this be the first piece of software you install after Windows Vista
Other Security Settings
The last section you will see in Security Center is titled Other Security Settings This section will alert you to problems with your Internet security settings and problems with User Account Control (UAC) Just as before, problems in these two areas can be fixed by clicking the Turn
On button and then modifying the settings to recommended configurations We will look at the available settings for both of these categories later in this chapter For now, just know that this is where you can get a quick status on these settings
Security Center Notification
Security Center will notify you when there is a problem on your system that has caused any
of the various statuses to drop below a green state You can control how Security Center fies you by selecting Change the Way Security Center Notifies Me on the left side of the win-dow, as shown in Figure 5.12
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Trang 15256 Chapter 5 Configuring Windows Vista Security
F I G U R E 5 1 2 Security Center notification options
Selecting this option will open the dialog box shown in Figure 5.13, which presents you with three options:
setting When you choose this option, Security Center will display an icon in the system tray and prompt the user with a message warning them of a potential security problem
Don’t Notify Me, but Display the Icon This option will suppress the notification but an icon will still be displayed in the system tray This setting is for the user who hates pop-up messages but still wants to know about potential problems
and all notifications that Security Center would have provided This, as the option indicates, is not the recommended setting as you will be unaware of security problems unless you check manually
F I G U R E 5 1 3 Security Center notification settings
Trang 16Configuring Parental Controls 257
Configuring Parental Controls
Pre-mium, is a feature that allows parents to control access to the computer and elements that may exist on the computer Using Parental Controls, you can control when other users have access
to the computer as well as what they can do once they log on You can manage users’ access to the Internet, games, and specific applications that may be installed on the system
Parental Controls are configured with the Parental Controls applet, shown in Figure 5.14, which can be found in Control Panel under User Accounts and Family Safety
F I G U R E 5 1 4 The Parental Controls applet
When you first open Parental Controls, you are asked to identify which user you want to configure Parental Controls for Choose the user from the list and you will get see the setup
as it exists for that user Parental Controls are set up on a per-user basis, so you will need to edit each user you want to restrict
The User Controls screen, shown in Figure 5.15, provides you with access to all the Parental Controls for that user’s account You can also see the settings currently applied in each of the four main areas of Parental Controls
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Trang 17258 Chapter 5 Configuring Windows Vista Security
F I G U R E 5 1 5 The User Controls screen for a user’s Parental Control settings
On this screen, the first option you will want to set up is under the Parental Controls tion By default, these options will be set to Off, which means no controls will be in effect By selecting On, Enforce Current Settings, you will enable Parental Controls for this user with the default settings In the next few sections, we will delve into each area of Parental Controls and look at what you can do to restrict access in each
sec-Managing Access to the Internet
Once Parental Controls are enabled for a user, you can start restricting access to resources The first setting in the list is the Windows Vista Web Filter, or Internet restrictions To access the web filters, select Windows Vista Web Filter in the Windows Settings section This will open the Web Restrictions window, shown in Figure 5.16
The Web Restrictions settings allow for a great deal of granularity when it comes to aging access to the Internet When you first enable Parental Controls, the Web Restrictions are turned on and set to a restriction level of Medium You can control Web Restrictions with the two options at the top of the screen:
man-Block Some Websites or Content This option will enable Web Restrictions based on the settings
allow the user to visit any website on the Internet
Trang 18Configuring Parental Controls 259
F I G U R E 5 1 6 The Web Restrictions settings in Parental Controls
Once you have enable Web Restrictions, you need to decide if you are going to manage access manually or have Windows Vista manage it automatically
Configuring Manually Restrictions
If you want to manually manage all the websites that a user can and cannot browse, Parental Controls gives you that ability with the Allow and Block lists To turn on complete manual con-trol, select the option Only Allow Websites Which Are on the Allow List from the Web Restric-tions settings This will disable all of the automatic Web Restriction options, and you will need
to enter all the sites the user will be permitted to see Next you will need to edit the Allow and Block lists by clicking Edit Allow and Block List to open the window shown in Figure 5.17
To edit the Allow and Block lists, you simply type the address of the site you want to add and then click Allow or Block to add the site to the Allow or Block list, respectively This can
be a tedious process, especially if you intend to block or allow a lot of sites Keep in mind that, since we earlier chose to only allow sites in the Allow list, everything else not on the list will
be blocked by default At the bottom of the windows, you will notice three other options First
is the Only Allow Websites Which Are on the Allow List option, which will do the same thing
as the option we set earlier on the main Web Restrictions page Next, you will see two buttons: one for Import and one for Export This allows you to export your Allow and Block lists for
a different user or on a different machine This saves you from having to retype the Allow list for each user for which you are configuring Parental Controls When you’re done, click OK
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F I G U R E 5 1 7 The Allow and Block lists in Web Restrictions
Once you configure the Allow list, you have one other option if you choose to go the manual route You can also choose whether to block file downloads from the sites the user is allowed
to browse This option, set by selecting Block File Downloads on the Web Restrictions window,
is an all-or-nothing option If it’s selected, the user will be unable to download any files from any website
Configuring Automatic Restrictions
If you want to let the Parental Controls restrict access to sites automatically, you do so by defining the type of content that you want the user to be allowed to see Do this by selecting from one of the four Web Restriction levels You can only select a level if you do not select the Only Allow Websites Which Are on the Allow List option Additionally, you can still choose
to block file downloads when using the automatic filters Keep in mind that the website filters are subjective, meaning that what one person calls mature content another person may not You can always use the Allow and Block lists to override the restrictions provided by or missed
by the filter The Web Restriction levels are as follows
High When you select the High level, the user will only be able to browse websites that are approved for children and are not on the Block list These are websites aimed at 8- to 12-year-olds
Trang 20Configuring Parental Controls 261
with material understandable by that age group All other websites will be blocked except for
those explicitly added to the Allow list
one of the following categories:
Again, in addition to these categories, sites on the Block list will also be blocked for the user
None If you select None, the user will be permitted to browse all sites except those on the
Block list This is the opposite setting to the one we looked at earlier when the user could only
browse sites on the Allow list
custom restriction level When you select Custom, you will be presented with a complete list
of all the categories of websites that Parental Controls is aware of To prevent access, you
select which website categories you wish to block All websites not containing a blocked
cat-egory are allowed Again, you can still add sites to the Allow and Block lists if the filter is
miss-ing a site The categories you can choose to block in the custom level are as follows:
Managing Access to the Computer
The next available settings in Parental Controls are called Time Limits and are accessible by
clicking the Time Limits option under Windows Settings in the User Controls window This
will open the Time Restrictions window, shown in Figure 5.18
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F I G U R E 5 1 8 The Time Restrictions settings in Parental Control
The settings in Time Restrictions are simple Using your mouse, you use the grid to select
which hours the user can and cannot use the computer Time is divided into hourly blocks for
each of the seven days of a week A blue block indicates an hour that the computer cannot be
used, and a white block indicates an hour that it can In Figure 5.18, the user can only log on
between noon and 5:00 PM on weekends and between 6:00 PM and 7:00 PM on weekdays
When you are satisfied with the settings, click OK
Managing Access to Games
When managing access to games with Parental Controls, you are presented with a few options
You can either block specific games or you can block games based on the game ratings By
default, the game-rating system in use is ESRB, which also happens to be the system in use on
most games sold in the United States If you are in a country that uses a different system, you
can change the ratings used by Parental Controls Before we get too far into restricting games,
we are going to cover the basics of ESRB so that you will understand how to apply ESRB
rat-ings to game restrictions
Trang 22Configuring Parental Controls 263
ESRB Ratings
The Entertainment Software Rating Board (ESRB) is a nonprofit body that provides ratings
for interactive entertainment software Ratings are intended to give parents an idea of a game’s content and the age for which the ESRB considers the game to be appropriate These ratings are assigned to computer games and console-based video games alike Ratings are made up of two parts: the rating symbol and the content descriptor The rating symbol, usually shown on the front of a game’s packaging, describes the rating and age range for which a game is appro-priate The rating symbols are usually a mix of numbers and letters, along with the name of the rating at the top of the symbol The ratings in use by the ESRB are as follows:
The following information comes from the ESRB website at www.esrb.org.
Early Childhood Titles rated EC (Early Childhood) have content that may be suitable for
ages 3 and older Contains no material that parents would find inappropriate
Everyone Titles rated E (Everyone) have content that may be suitable for ages 6 and older
Titles in this category may contain minimal cartoon, fantasy, or mild violence and/or quent use of mild language
infre-Everyone10+ Titles rated E10+ (Everyone 10 and older) have content that may be suitable
for ages 10 and older Titles in this category may contain more cartoon, fantasy, or mild lence; mild language; and/or minimal suggestive themes
vio-Teen Titles rated T (vio-Teen) have content that may be suitable for ages 13 and older Titles in
this category may contain violence, suggestive themes, crude humor, minimal blood, lated gambling, and/or infrequent use of strong language
simu-Mature Titles rated M (simu-Mature) have content that may be suitable for persons ages 17 and
older Titles in this category may contain intense violence, blood and gore, sexual content, and/or strong language
Adults Only Titles rated AO (Adults Only) have content that should only be played by
per-sons 18 years and older Titles in this category may include prolonged scenes of intense lence and/or graphic sexual content and nudity
vio-The second part of the rating, the content descriptor, is usually on the back of the games packaging next to the same rating symbol as seen on the front of the packaging Content descriptors are just a text-based list of the content that can be found in the game This infor-mation provides details explaining why the game received the rating that it did The content descriptors in use by the ESRB are as follows:
The following information comes from the ESRB website at www.esrb.org.
Trang 23Alcohol Reference Reference to and/or images of alcoholic beverages.
Animated Blood Discolored and/or unrealistic depictions of blood.
Blood Depictions of blood.
Blood and Gore Depictions of blood or the mutilation of body parts.
Cartoon Violence Violent actions involving cartoon-like situations and characters May
include violence where a character is unharmed after the action has been inflicted
Comic Mischief Depictions or dialogue involving slapstick or suggestive humor.
Crude Humor Depictions or dialogue involving vulgar antics, including “bathroom” humor Drug Reference Reference to and/or images of illegal drugs.
Edutainment The content of the product provides the user with specific skills development
or reinforcement learning within an entertainment setting Skill development is an integral part of the product
Fantasy Violence Violent actions of a fantasy nature, involving human or non-human
char-acters in situations easily distinguishable from real life
Informational Overall content of product contains data, facts, resource information,
refer-ence materials, or instructional text
Intense Violence Graphic and realistic-looking depictions of physical conflict May involve
extreme and/or realistic blood, gore, weapons, and depictions of human injury and death
Language Mild to moderate use of profanity.
Lyrics Mild references to profanity, sexuality, violence, alcohol or drug use in music Mature Humor Depictions or dialogue involving “adult” humor, including sexual references Mild Violence Mild scenes depicting characters in unsafe and/or violent situations.
Nudity Graphic or prolonged depictions of nudity.
Partial Nudity Brief and/or mild depictions of nudity.
Real Gambling Player can gamble, including betting or wagering real cash or currency Sexual Themes Mild to moderate sexual references and/or depictions May include partial
nudity
Sexual Violence Depictions of rape or other violent sexual acts.
Simulated Gambling Player can gamble without betting or wagering real cash or currency Some Adult Assistance May Be Needed Intended for very young ages.
Strong Language Explicit and/or frequent use of profanity.
Strong Lyrics Explicit and/or frequent references to profanity, sex, violence, alcohol or drug
use in music
Trang 24Configuring Parental Controls 265
Strong Sexual Content Graphic references to and/or depictions of sexual behavior, possibly
including nudity
Suggestive Themes Mild provocative references or materials.
Tobacco Reference Reference to and/or images of tobacco products.
Use of Drugs The consumption or use of illegal drugs.
Use of Alcohol The consumption of alcoholic beverages.
Use of Tobacco The consumption of tobacco products.
Violence Scenes involving aggressive conflict.
Now that you understand the ESRB ratings, let’s look at how you can use them to block access to games using Parental Controls in Windows Vista
Restricting Access to Games
When restricting access to games, you have two choices: using ratings, or blocking or allowing
a specific game To access the Game Controls settings, shown in Figure 5.19, select Games under Windows Settings on the User Controls screen
F I G U R E 5 1 9 Game Controls in Parental Controls
Trang 25This screen provides you with three sections of options: you can choose whether the user can play games or not, you can block or allow games by rating and content, or you can block
or allow specific games If you select No for the option Can User Play Games?, then the user
will be unable to play any games If you select Yes, you will need to further define the games
a user can play, which by default is all of them First let’s look at controlling games by rating
or content
Controlling Access to Games by Rating and Content
By selecting Set Game Ratings on the Games Control screen, you will be provided with a list
of Game Restriction options, as shown in Figure 5.20
In the first section, you can select whether the user can play games with no ratings You have two choices: Allow Games with No Rating or Block Games with No Rating Since you have no idea what a game without a rating may contain, it is suggested that you block these games if you are trying to limit a user’s access to more adult-oriented titles
F I G U R E 5 2 0 Game Restriction options
Trang 26Configuring Parental Controls 267
In the second section, you can choose ESRB ratings of the games that you want to allow the user to play, as shown in Figure 5.21 When you set an ESRB rating, the user will be allowed to play any game with a rating at or below the level you choose So allowing your user to play games with a Teen rating also permits that user to play games with an Every-one rating
Finally, the third section of the Game Restrictions screen, shown in Figure 5.22, lets you choose which type of content to block Regardless of the rating level you chose in the rating section, if the game contains specific content that you choose to block, the user will
be unable to play these games All the content descriptions on this page should look iar as they are the ESRB content descriptors we looked at earlier You will notice one addi-tional item: Online – Experience Can Change This is a designation given to games that can be played online with other people Despite a game’s rating, other players online can swear or talk about undesirable content For this reason, you can also block games with
famil-an online component
F I G U R E 5 2 1 Setting the Rating Restriction level in Parental Controls
Trang 27F I G U R E 5 2 2 Setting game Content Restrictions in Parental Controls
Controlling Access to Specific Games
If you want to manage each game on an individual level, or you need to override a game being incorrectly blocked or allowed by the rating system, then you can control access to each spe-cific game This is done in the Game Overrides screen, shown in Figure 5.23, which you access
by selecting Block or Allow Specific Games on the Games Control screen This screen is just
a simple list of all the games that are installed on the system, their ESRB rating, and three options that let you decide how the game should be restricted The options you have for game restriction are as follows:
User Rating Setting The game will be blocked or allowed based on its rating and the settings
you provide in the Game Restrictions screen
Always Allows This setting allows the user to always be able to play this game despite the
rating and the Game Restriction settings
Always Block This setting causes the game to always be blocked despite the rating and the
Game Restriction settings
Trang 28Configuring Parental Controls 269
F I G U R E 5 2 3 Game Overrides in Parental Controls
Managing Access to Specific Applications
The Parental Controls feature provides you with the ability to allow a user to run only specific programs To access these options, select Allow and Block Specific Programs under Windows Settings on the User Controls screen This will open the Application Restrictions screen shown
in Figure 5.24 When you open these options for a user for the first time, you will only see the
two options at the top of the screen: User Can Use All Programs and User Can Only Use the
Programs I Allow The option to use all programs is the default and causes Parental Controls
to query Windows Vista and return a list of all installed applications You then have to ually select any application that you want the user to be allowed to run; all nonselected appli-cations will be blocked for that user If an application that you want the user to run is not on the list, you can click Browse and locate the specific executable file you wish to allow There isn’t any more to it than that—when you are done, click OK