nasa scientific and technical aerospace reports phần 6 docx

A.; Simin, G.; Shur, M.; Gaska, R.; May 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations Contracts/Grants: DAAD19-02-1-0236 Report No.s: AD-A432964; 15530FA16; No Copyright

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of physics The focus is on the appearance of chaos in a beam distribution A study of the problem is based on twoobservations The First observation is that using Lyapunov method and its extension we obtain solutions of partial differentialequations Using this approach we discuss the problem of finding a solution of Vlasov-Poisson equation, i.e., some stationarysolution where we consider magnetic field as some disturbance with a small parameter Thus the solution of Vlasov equationyields an asymptotic series such that the solution of Vlasov-Poisson equation is the basis solution for one The secondobservation is that physical chaos is weakly limit of, well known, the Landau bifurcation’s This fact we have proved usingideas on the Nature of Turbulence.

NTIS

Partial Differential Equations; Vlasov Equations; Poisson Equation; Particle Accelerators; Beams (Radiation)

20050169872 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA

Surface Reactions Studied by Synchrotron Based Photoelectron Spectroscopy

Hrbek, J.; 1999; 70 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): DE2004-770789; BNL-66043; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge

The goal of this article is to illustrate the use of synchrotron radiation for investigating surface chemical reactions byphotoelectron spectroscopy A brief introduction and background information is followed by examples of layer resolvedspectroscopy, oxidation and sulfidation of metallic, semiconducting and oxide surfaces

NTIS

Chemical Reactions; Photoelectron Spectroscopy; Surface Reactions; Synchrotron Radiation

20050169873 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY, USA, Florida Univ., Gainesville, FL, USA

Investigation of Coherent Emission from the NSLS VUV Ring

Carr, G L.; Kramer, S L.; Murphy, J B.; La Veigne, J.; Lobo, R P S M.; Mar 1999; 10 pp.; In English

Bursts of coherent radiation are observed from the NSLS VUV ring near a wavelength of 7mm The bursts occur whenthe electron beam current exceeds to threshold value which itself varies with ring operation conditions Beyond threshold, theaverage intensity of the emission is found to increase as current squared With other parameters held nearby constant thethreshold current is found to increase quadratically with the synchrotron frequency, indicating a linear dependence onmomentum compaction It is believed that the coherent emission is a consequence of micro-bunching of the electron beam due

to the microwave instability

NTIS

Coherent Radiation; Synchrotrons; Synchrotron Radiation; Ultraviolet Radiation

20050169875 Brookhaven National Lab., Upton, NY

Instabilities in the Spallation Neutron Source (SNS)

Blaskiewicz, M.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

The 2MW Spallation Neutron Source (SNS) will have a D.C beam current of 40 A at extraction, making it one of theworlds most intense accelerators Coherent instabilities are a major concern and efforts to predict beam behavior are described.NTIS

Neutron Sources; Spallation; Stability; Particle Accelerators

Flying Wire System in the AGS

Huang, H.; Buxton, W.; Mahler, G.; Marusic, A.; Roser, T.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

As the AGS prepares to serve as the injector for RHIC, monitoring and control of the beam transverse emittance become

a major and important topic Before the installation of the flying wire system, the emittance was measured with ionizationprofile monitors in the AGS, which require correction for space charge effects It is desirable to have a second means ofmeasuring profile that is less dependent on intensity A flying wire system has been installed in the AGS recently to performthis task This paper discusses the hardware and software setup and the capabilities of the system

NTIS

Emittance; Wire; Synchrotrons

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Design of a Resonant Extraction System for the AGS Booster

Brown, K.; Cullen, J.; Glenn, J W.; Lee, Y Y.; McNerney, A.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

The Booster Application Facility (BAF) will employ heavy ion beams of many different ion species and at beam energiesranging from 0.04 to 3.07 GeV/nucleon Resonant extraction is required in order to deliver a continuous stream of particles

In this report they describe the beam requirements and the system design The basic design is a third integer resonant extractionprocess which employs a single thin magnetic septum and a thick septum ejector magnet The expected extraction efficiency

is about 85%, based on the thin septum thickness and the predicted step size of the resonant beam at the septum This is morethan sufficient for the low intensity low energy heavy ion beams needed for the BAF In this report they present a detaileddiscussion of the design of the various elements and a discussion of the detailed modeling of resonant extraction from the AGSBooster The extraction process was modeled using a BNL version of MAD which allowed them to interactively observedetailed particle tracking of the process This was a key tool to have in hand which permitted them to pose and answer variousquestions in a very short period of time

NTIS

Extraction; Ion Beams; Structural Design

Collimator Systems for the SNS Ring

Ludewig, H.; Simos, N.; Walker, J.; Thieberger, P.; Aronson, A.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

The requirements and performance goals for the collimators are to reduce the uncontrolled beam loss by 2 x 10(sup -4),absorb 2 kW of deposited heat, and minimize production and leakage of secondary radiation In order to meet theserequirements a self-shielding collimator configuration consisting of a layered structure was designed The front layers (in thedirection of the proton beam) are relatively transparent to the protons, and become progressively less transparent (blacker)with depth into the collimator In addition, a high density (iron) shield is added around the outside The protons will be stopped

in the center of the collimator, and thus the bulk of the secondary particles are generated at this location The conceptual designdescribed, the method of analysis discussed, and preliminary performance parameters outlined

NTIS

Collimators; Proton Beams

Optimization of the Parameters in the RHIC Single Crystal Heavy Ion Collimation

Biryukov, V M.; Chesnokov, Y A.; Kotov, V I.; Trbojevic, D.; Stevens, A.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

In the framework of the project to design and test a collimation system prototype using bent channeling crystal forcleaning of the RHIC heavy ion beam halo, the authors have studied the optimal length and bending angle of a silicon (110)single crystal proposed to be a primary element situated upstream of the traditional heavy amorphous collimator Besides thematters of the channeling and collimation efficiency, they also looked into the impact the crystal may have on thenon-channeled particles that go on circulating in the ring, so as to reduce the momentum offset of the particles scattered ofthe crystal

NTIS

Collimation; Particle Accelerators

Design of an AC-Dipole for use in RHIC

Parker, B.; Bai, M.; Jain, A.; McIntyre, G.; Meth, M.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

The authors present two options for implementing a pair of AC-dipoles in RHIC for spin flipping, measuring linear opticalfunctions and nonlinear diagnostics AC-dipoles are magnets that can be adiabatically excited and de-excited with a continuoussine-wave in order to coherently move circulating beam out to large betatron amplitudes without incurring emittance blow up.The AGS already uses a similar device for getting polarized proton beams through depolarizing resonances By placing themagnets in the IP4 common beam region, two AC-dipoles are sufficient to excite both horizontal and vertical motion in both

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RHIC rings While they initially investigated an iron-dominated magnet design, using available steel tape cores; they nowfavor a new air coil plus ferrite design featuring mechanical frequency tuning, in order to best match available resources todemanding frequency sweeping requirements Both magnet designs are presented here along with model magnet test results.The challenge is to make AC-dipoles available for year 2000 RHIC running.

NTIS

Particle Accelerators; Betatrons; Continuous Radiation

BNL-Built LHC Magnet Error Impact Analysis and Compensation

Ptitsin, V.; Tepikian, S.; Wei, J.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

Superconducting magnets built at the Brookhaven National Laboratory will reinstalled in both the Insertion Region IP2and IP8, and the RF Region of the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) In particular, field quality of these IR dipoles will becomeimportant during LHC heavy-ion operation when the (beta)* at IP2 is reduced to 0.5 meters This paper studies the impact

of the magnetic errors in BNL-built magnets on LHC performance at injection and collision, both for proton and heavy-ionoperation

NTIS

Particle Accelerators; Superconducting Magnets

20050169951 Lafayette Coll., Easton, PA, USA

Volumetric and Optical Studies of High-Pressure Phases of MgSO4-H2O with Applications to Europa and Mars

Hogenboom, D L.; Dougherty, A J.; Kargel, J S.; Mushi, S E.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 8; [2005]; 2 pp.;

In English; See also 20050169945; Original contains color and black and white illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01,Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document

We report the first measurements and images obtained using a new high-pressure volumetric cell with sapphire windows

to study phase equilibria in a 17 wt.% sample of MgSO4 in H2O Magnesium sulfate was chosen for study because it isregarded as among the most likely constituents of Europa’s ocean and icy shell and constitutes key salts on Mars The 17 wt.%composition is close to the eutectic The new data, when combined with data from our earlier study of the density vs pressureand temperature of MgSO4 solutions, will enable us to identify the phases with greater certainty and describe the phasetransitions with greater precision For example, we observe that the process of solidification of the supercooled sampleinvolves a sequence in which a fine-grained structure forms rapidly, followed by the generation of liquid and then slowergrowth of large-grained crystals The addition of visual images to our capability to track the changes in sample volume is alsovaluable to assess both stable and reversible phase changes and metastable phase transitions Metastability has proven a keyaspect of this system in the lab and in nature Additional information is included in the original extended abstract

Author (revised)

Magnesium Sulfates; Water; Volumetric Analysis; High Pressure; Phase Stability (Materials)

20050170464 SEMATECH, Austin, TX, USA

The Quantitation of Surface Modifications in 200 and 300 mm Wafer Processing with an Automated Contact Angle System

Carpio, Ronald; Hudson, David; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop;[1998], pp 272-277; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Contact angle measurement, using advanced instrumentation, is assuming an increased role in monitoring thosesemiconductor manufacturing processes which modify the surface characteristics of wafers Such measurements can providerapid, nondestructive, and spatially as well as time resolved data in an automated mode This information can be related toprocessing uniformity and can in many cases provide information on the chemical state of the surface Illustrations areprovided in the wafer cleaning, lithography, and interconnect areas New application areas illustrated include measuring theuniformity of UV photostabilization processes, measurement of contrast curves, and determination of receding and advancingcontact angles of processed copper wafers

Author

Quantitative Analysis; Surface Defects; Wafers; Automatic Control

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20050170468 International Business Machines Corp., Essex Junction, VT, USA

Wafer Line Productivity Optimization in a Multi-Technology Multi-Part-Number Fabricator

Maynard, Daniel N.; Rosner, Raymond J.; Kerbaugh, Michael L.; Hamilton, Richard a.; Bentlage, James R.; Boye, Carol A.;

1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 34-42; In English; Seealso 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Successful semiconductor manufacturing is driven by wafer-level productivity Increasing profits by reducingmanufacturing cost is a matter of optimizing the factors contributing to wafer productivity The major wafer productivitycomponents are chips per wafer (CPW), wafer process or fabricator yield (WPY) and wafer final test WFT) or functional yield.CPW is the count of product chips fitting within the useable wafer surface, and is dependent upon the chip size, dicing channel(kerf) space, and wafer-field size WPY yield is the percentage of wafers successfully exiting the line; losses include scrap forbroken wafers and failed-wafer specifications WFT yield is the percent of chips that meet all final parametric functionalelectrical test specifications

Derived from text

Wafers; Productivity; Optimization; Chips

Correlation of Digital Image Metrics to Production ADC Matching Performance

Blais, Jennifer; Fischer, Verlyn; Moalem, Yoel; Saunders, Matthew; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced SemiconductorManufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 86-92; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: OtherSources

Automatic Defect Classification (ADC) tool matching requires that consistent quality images captured on all tools Imagemetrics have been developed and the variance of these metrics have been correlated to classifier matching It is shown that

in order to maintain matching, image color balance, focus, and shadowing need to be monitored and maintained at acceptablevalues Of these metrics, inappropriate color balance has the greatest affect on matching

Author

Image Analysis; Defects; Classifications

20050170476 Fairchild Semiconductor Corp., South Portland, ME, USA

In-Situ Gate Oxide/Electrode Deposition for a 0.5 micron BiCMOS Process Flow

Carbone, Thomas A.; Solomon, Gary; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop;[1998], pp 174-180; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

A method of depositing the gate oxide and electrode in a single chamber for BiCMOS processing is discussed Theadvantages of the deposition of in-situ gate electrode (DIGE), over the conventional two step oxidation and polycrystallinesilicon deposition is related to cycle time and increased gate oxide integrity TEM images and a correlation to metrologymeasurements are presented

Author

Deposition; Oxides; Gates (Circuits); Electrodes

20050170492 Analog Devices, Inc., Woburn, MA, USA

A Comparison of Critical Area Analysis Tools

Fitzpatrick, Sean; ODonoghue, Geoffrey; Cheek, Gary; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor ManufacturingConference And Workshop; [1998], pp 31-33; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other SourcesThe application of Critical Area Analysis has become more mainstream in the semiconductor industry The critical area

of a circuit is a measure of the sensitivity of a product layout to defects, which is subsequently used in accurate yield models.Intuitively, if a circuit is more dense, the defect sensitivity is higher than a less dense circuit Only recently, have commercialtools become available to measure critical area Several approaches have been developed to measure layout critical area, ashort summary of each approach is described, as well as a brief description of how critical area is incorporated into a yieldmodel The results of applying critical area analysis are then described

Author

Semiconductors (Materials); Defects; Layouts

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20050170495 Georgia Inst of Tech., Atlanta, GA, USA

Towards Real-Time Fault Identification in Plasma Etching Using Neural Networks

Zhang, Ben-Yong; May, Gary S.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop;[1998], pp 61-65; In English; See also 20050170458

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NSF DDM-93-58163; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Abstract - As the IC industry moves further into submicron fabrication technology, optimal utilization of fabricationequipment is essential Timely and accurate equipment malfunction identification can be a key to success It is also desirable

to predict malfunctions well in advance of their actual occurrence In this paper, we use neural networks to model time seriesdata extracted from a three-step plasma etch process for defining active areas in a CMOS ASIC circuit The data consists ofreal-time measurements from the three-step etch process for 40,000 silicon wafers collected over a six-month per’rod from

a Drytek plasma etcher Two types of anomalies were present in this data: 1) constant or slowly advancing time (indicatingthe presence of a machine fault); and 2) missing steps (indicating something unexpected happened during the etch) Datapreprocessing is carried out to eliminate any data acquisition errors in the original data and to correctly separate the total timesequence into three sub-sequences (one for each etch step) A pattern recognition technique is used to determine the processstep number for each record The classification results and the prediction error demonstrate accurate determination of the etchstep number from the chamber state Dynamic neural network models are then constructed for each step We initially focus

on modeling the time series associated with chamber pressure The time series of pressure data is modeled as a function ofits previous values and the current time We use this approach to construct time series models of the pressure variations in theetching system using only an initial condition and the time value as inputs

Author

Real Time Operation; Fault Detection; Plasma Etching; Neural Nets; Pattern Recognition

20050170497 Cypress Semiconductor Corp., San Jose, CA, USA

Development of New Methodology and Technique to Accelerate Region Yield Improvement

Wong, K.; Mitchell, P.; Nulty, J.; Carpenter, M.; Kavan, L.; Jin, B.; McMahon, G.; Seams, C.; Fewkes, J.; Gordon, A.;Sandstrom, C.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 82-86; InEnglish; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

A focus in region yield is demonstrated to improve the systematic yield from 75% to upper 90% to achieve quick learningcurve in Defect Density on new products A learning curve to drive both the Random and Systematic yield simultaneously areimportant to accelerate the yield learning on new products as well as existing products This paper showed the systematic yieldimprovement from a module integration issue to an equipment setup and capability issue A new methodology has beendefined to look at the edge region of the wafer, and is used to address wafer edge issue with systematic approaches to driveyield improvement The process variability on the center of the wafer is low, but as one approach the edge of the wafer, largeprocess variations arise which depress the yield at the edge of the wafers This decrease in yield can be caused by technologyarchitecture, process uniformity, wafer misalignment and mark alignment scheme issues

Author

Yield; Defects; Learning Curves; Technology Assessment

Intelligent Line Monitor: Maximum Productivity through an Integrated and Automated Line Monitoring Strategy

Pilon, Tom; Burns, Mark; Fischer, Verlyn; Saunders, Matthew; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor ManufacturingConference And Workshop; [1998], pp 93-102; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other SourcesThis paper describes an Intelligent Line Monitor system and highlights the features which make it superior toconventional line monitor systems By citing examples from an IBM 0.25 microns technology fabricator, we show that aninte_ated and automated line monitoring strategy reduces time-to-results, provides a low cost-of-ownership, and delivers ashort time to return-on-investment The natural expansion and growth possibilities of such as system are also explored.Author

Monitors; Smart Structures; Automatic Control

20050170512 Analog Devices, Inc., Wilmington, MA, USA

Manufacturing and Reliability Improvements in Metal-Oxide-Metal Capacitors - MOMCAPs

Lowell, Larry; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 181-186;

In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

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Metal-Oxide-Metal Capacitors, MOMCAPs, have historically demonstrated less than optimal leakage and breakdowncharacteristics and yields Additionally, the Cpk for capacitance is low Any previous work done to improve the die! tricuniformity has resulted in further degradation of the capacitor characteristics In this paper we will show that the parametricand reliability characteristics are very dependent on the bottom plate material Our standard Ti bottom plate interacts with thecapacitor dielectric resulting in degraded performance That interaction renders a more uniform dielectric film unusable Wehave developed a MOMCAP using TiW as the bottom plate electrode, which minimizes those interactions and improvescapacitor characteristics.

Author

Manufacturing; Mom (Semiconductors); Reliability; Capacitors

20050170522 KLA-Tencor Corp., Orlando, FL, USA

Correlation of Ellipsonometric Modeling Results To Observe Grain Structure for OPO Film Stacks

Robinson, Tod E.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998],

pp 278-288; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

One significant, but potentially variable, parameter in the deposition and subsequent processing of polysilicon is itsmicrostructure The purpose of this work was to correlate the model parameters, in this case, percent volume fraction of phasecomponents of polysilicon, generated by regression of model dispersion using Bruggerman Effective Media Approximation

to data acquired by the Spectroscopic Ellipsometry technique Several samples are prepared consisting of SiO2/Undoped Poly

Si / SiO2 film stacks in order to measure their as-deposited average grain sizes Ellipsonometric data is obtained for the centersite of each sample which are then compared to AFM results from similar samples Various grain geometry approximationsare applied along with the assumption that the polysilicon structure may be modeled to consist of three components; crystalline

Si in a continuous Amorphous Si matrix, and voids A mathematical relation is established between the percent concentration

of crystalline Silicon and the mean grain size for the two cases of equiaxed and columnuar microstructures Results indicatethere to be good correlation with AFM measured grain sizes Additional work is required to further demonstrate the correlation,and develop software applications to enable in-line product monitoring

Author

Ellipsometry; Grain Size; Silicon Polymers; Microstructure; Mathematical Models

Beyond Cost-of-Ownership: A Causal Methodology for Costing Wafer Processing

Miraglia, Stephanie; Miller, Peter; Richardson, Thomas; Blunt, Gregory; Blouin, Cathy; 1998 IEEE/SEMI AdvancedSemiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 289-293; In English; See also 20050170458;Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Classical cost-of-ownership data provides detailed cost data of equipment assets but does not provide wafer processingcosts Starting with a cost-of-ownership model, a wafer processing cost model was developed and validated Thiscost-of-processing model provides wafer processing cost data from raw wafer through final passivation and parametric testing.This new model goes beyond classical cost-of-ownership data and captures more than just equipment costs process, product,and fabricator costs are also captured These costs are then causally spread to wafers via various algorithmic methodologies

In order to do this, some historical cost problems had to be addressed, such as how to properly weight equipment usage andaccount for dedicated equipment requirements, deal with measurement sampling, incorporate idle time and contingency, andaccount for different photolithographic field sizes Output from the model was fully validated against actual spending and tied

to accounting data in order to assure a full dollar capture The model is currently being used for product costing,decisionmaking, and cost reduction activities at the IBM Microelectronics Division Manufacturing Facility in Essex Junction,Vermont

Author

Cost Reduction; Cost Analysis; Data Processing Equipment; Wafers; Technology Assessment

20050170524 Tefen Ltd., Foster City, CA, USA

Simulation of Test Wafer Consumption in a Semiconductor Facility

Foster, Bryce; Meyersdorf, Doron; Padillo, Jose M.; Brenner, Rafi; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced SemiconductorManufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 298-302; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: OtherSources

A discrete event simulation methodology was developed to assist in managing test wafer usage in semiconductor fabs

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The purpose of modeling test wafer usage is to predict the number of new test wafers required, test wafer WIP levels, and how

to downgrade test wafers to reduce costs of purchasing new test wafers The test wafer simulation methodology is a detailedyet accurate way to predict test wafer consumption The methodology has been implemented in a 200mm development facilityresulting in considerable cost savings by reducing the overall WIP levels of test wafers

Author

Technology Assessment; Wafers; Performance Tests; Models

20050170525 UniSil Corp., Santa Clara, CA, USA

Improvement of Silicon Wafer Minority Carrier Lifetime Through The Implementation of a Pre-Thermal Donor Anneal Cleaning Process

Martines, Larry; Wang, Charley; Hardenburger, Tom; Barker, Nancie; Shomers, Brian; 1998 IEEE/SEMI AdvancedSemiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 303-307; In English; See also 20050170458;Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

In recent years, to meet the device maker’s continuously smaller device geometry, the requirement of silicon wafer qualityhas become more and more stringent Now the silicon wafer minority carrier lifetime, or diffusion length has become oneroutinely required parameter It is well known that, in addition to the crystal growth, metal contamination is one of the majorlimiting factors for the minority carrier lifetime in silicon wafers It is very critical to optimize the silicon wafer manufacturingprocess flow to minimize metal contamination sources during the silicon wafer processing

Author

Silicon; Wafers; Carrier Lifetime; Minority Carriers; Cleaning

Design for Manufacturability: A Key to Semiconductor Manufacturing Excellence

Wilcox, R.; Forhan, T.; Starkey, G.; Turner, D.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference AndWorkshop; [1998], pp 308-313; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

This paper reviews measures of manufacturing excellence and presents a design-for-manufacturability (DFM) programorganized around early design and manufacturing teamwork and the economic analysis of design options Typical measures

of manufacturing excellence for a semiconductor fabricator are expressed in terms of either operational or economic results.Those expressed in terms of operational results are independent of the product mix in the fabricator while those expressed interms of economic results integrate both fabricator and product design attributes into a single parameter like revenue/wafer.Improvements in the operational measures of manufacturing excellence focus upon increases in capacity and throughput,defect density reductions, and cost containment Improvements in the economic measures of manufacturing excellence mustfocus on both fabricator processing efficiency and the productivity of the design Design-for-manufacturability practices canimprove design productivity, time-to-market, and product performance and reliability by closely coupling semiconductorfabrication knowledge with product requirements during the initial phase of a product design Every design decision producesboth technical and economic consequences; understanding these consequences and using this knowledge in the design process

to optimize product productivity and profitability is key to achieving manufacturing excellence for that product

Author

Semiconductors (Materials); Manufacturing; Design Analysis; Economic Analysis

20050170527 Siemens, France

Highly Selective Oxide to Nitride Etch Processes on BPSG/Nitride/Oxide Structures in a MERIE Etcher

Graf, W.; Basso, C.; Gautier, F.; Martin, J M.; Sabouret, E.; Skinner, G.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced SemiconductorManufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 314-319; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: OtherSources

This study is on oxide etch selective to nitride using a C4F8/CO/Ar/O2 chemistry in a RIE chamber It has been tested

in a manufacturing environment on several applications for 16 and 64 megabit DRAM chips Film stacks tested included aBPSG/nitride Self-Aligned Contact type of application and a BPSG/nitride/oxide application Aspect ratios ranged from 4:1

to 8:1 Critical dimensions were typically 0.4 microns and 0.3 microns, but for one application, oxide etch had to finally occur

in a 0.09 microns wide space Process development started with a Design of Experiment on patterned wafers in order tounderstand the major trends of the chemistry The wafers were analysed using a SEM Fine tuning of processes for each

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application involved Optical Emission Spectroscopy (OES) and electrical test yield analysis.

Author

Oxides; Nitrides; Etching; Wafers; Manufacturing; Chips

20050173487 South Carolina Univ., Columbia, SC USA

WBGS Epitaxial Materials Development and Scale Up for RF/Microwave-Millimeter Wave Devices

Khan, M A.; Simin, G.; Shur, M.; Gaska, R.; May 2005; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-02-1-0236

Report No.(s): AD-A432964; 15530FA16; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

The project aimed at significant improvement of the III-nitride based epitaxial materials and device design and fabricationfor high-power heterostructure field-effect transistors (HFETs) The key innovative approaches implemented in this programinclude novel pulsed atomic layer epitaxy (PALE) technique to grow the buffer layer with low defect density, improvedepitaxial uniformity in multi-wafer MOCVD reactor, growing HFET wafers with the sheet resistance below 300 Ohm/square.Design improvements include double-heterostructure devices (DHFET) with InGaN electron confinement layer, insulated gatedesign using SiO2 gate insulator (MOSDHFETs) and innovative field-plate design These new devices demonstrated high RFpowers 15-20 W/mm at a drain bias of 50-65 V, and good parameter stability at 19 W/mm CW powers as confirmed by 100+hours testing

DTIC

Aluminum Gallium Arsenides; Epitaxy; Microwave Equipment; Millimeter Waves; Radio Frequencies; Semiconductors (Materials)

77 PHYSICS OF ELEMENTARY PARTICLES AND FIELDS

Includes quantum mechanics; theoretical physics; and statistical mechanics For related information see also 72 Atomic and Molecular Physics, 73 Nuclear Physics, and 25 Inorganic, Organic and Physical Chemistry.

RHIC Data Correlation Methodology

Michnoff, R.; D’Ottavio, T.; Hoff, L.; MacKay, W.; Satogata, T.; 1999; 10 pp.; In English

A requirement for RHIC data plotting software and physics analysis is the correlation of data from all accelerator datagathering systems Data correlation provides the capability for a user to request a plot of multiple data channels vs time, and

to make meaningful time-correlated data comparisons The task of data correlation for RHIC requires careful considerationbecause data acquisition triggers are generated from various asynchronous sources including events from the RHIC EventLink, events from the two Beam Sync Links, and other unrelated clocks In order to correlate data from asynchronousacquisition systems a common time reference is required The RHIC data correlation methodology will allow all RHIC data

to be converted to a common wall clock time, while still preserving native acquisition trigger information A data correlationtask force team, composed of the authors of this paper, has been formed to develop data correlation design details and provideguidelines for software developers The overall data correlation methodology will be presented in this paper

NTIS

Data Acquisition; Particle Accelerators; Data Correlation

Littlest Higgs Model and One-Loop Electroweak Precision Constraints

Chen, M.; Dawson, S.; 2004; 10 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): DE2004-15009978; BNL-873293-2004-CP; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge

We present in this talk the one-loop electroweak precision constraints in the Littlest Higgs model, including thelogarithmically enhanced contributions from both fermion and scalar loops We find the one-loop contributions are comparable

to the tree level corrections in some regions of parameter space A low cutoff scale is allowed for a non-zero triplet VEV.Constraints on various other parameters in the model are also discussed The role of triplet scalars in constructing a consistentrenormalization scheme is emphasized

NTIS

Fermions; Scalars; Electroweak Model

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Singlet Free Energies of a Static Quark-Antiquark Pair

Petrov, K.; 2004; 12 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): DE2004-15009925; BNL-73191-2004-CP; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge

We study the singlet part of the free energy of a static quark anti-quark (Q(bar Q)) pair at finite temperature The model

is three flavor QCD with degenerate quark masses using N(sub (tau)) = 4 and 6 lattices with Asqtad staggered fermion action

We look at thermodynamics of the system around phase transition and study its scaling with lattice spacing and quark masses.NTIS

Free Energy; Quarks; Thermodynamics; Antiparticles

20050171013 Jefferson (Thomas) Lab Computer Center, Newport News, VA, USA

Nucleon Electromagnetic Form Factors

de Jager, K.; 2004; 34 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): DE2004-834525; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information Bridge

Although nucleons account for nearly all the visible mass in the universe, they have a complicated structure that is stillincompletely understood The first indication that nucleons have an internal structure, was the measurement of the protonmagnetic moment by Frisch and Stern (1933) which revealed a large deviation from the value expected for a point-like Diracparticle The investigation of the spatial structure of the nucleon, resulting in the first quantitative measurement of the protoncharge radius, was initiated by the HEPL (Stanford) experiments in the 1950s, for which Hofstadter was awarded the 1961Nobel prize The first indication of a non-zero neutron charge distribution was obtained by scattering thermal neutrons offatomic electrons The recent revival of its experimental study through the operational implementation of novel instrumentationhas instigated a strong theoretical interest Nucleon electro-magnetic form factors (EMFFs) are optimally studied through theexchange of a virtual photon, in elastic electron-nucleon scattering

NTIS

Nucleons; Form Factors; Neutrons; Protons

20050173407 Oxford Univ., Oxford, UK

An Investigation of Certain Thermodynamic Losses in Minature Cryocoolers

Reed, Jaime; Jan 2005; 30 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): FA8655-04-1-3011

Report No.(s): AD-A432813; EOARD-SPC-04-3011; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)Stirling cycle cryocoolers developed at Oxford have typically been designed using a second order methods whereby theideal Stirling efficiency is degraded by a number of discrete loss mechanisms In all cases the eventual machines perform lesswell than expected, and it always appears as if an additional thermodynamic loss is acting This empirically calibrated loss

is therefore included as part of the normal design procedure and there is anecdotal evidence that this is an approach taken byother manufactures Although this loss might be caused by imperfect heat transfer, existing theories do not agree with itsmagnitude A project was therefore started to measure the losses in the simplest possible geometry, a linear compressor with

a plain ‘top-hat’ cylinder head It was hoped that by characterizing the losses in this geometry and applying them to fullmachines these called ‘compression loss’ could be explained Since the loss is quite large it could allow significantimprovements to be made for future machines A well calibrated measurement system was developed and a linear compressorcommissioned To enable a sufficiently good energy balance to be produced electromagnetic motor losses and windage weremeasured It immediately became clear that these were more significant than had been assumed previous studies In fact itappeared as if a significant proportion of the ‘compression loss’ might be explained by these new measurements With thelosses expected from analytic analyses Agreement was not perfect, however, and this is thought to be due to theincompleteness of the heat transfer theory, particularly with regard to the flow through the clearance seal Future possibilitiesfor work are suggested and it is hoped that these measurements can be used as a baseline for testing theoretical work whichwill enable efficiencies to be increased not just in Stirling type coolers, but also in pulse tubes and linear alternators.DTIC

Coolers; Cryogenic Cooling; Thermodynamics

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80 SOCIAL AND INFORMATION SCIENCES (GENERAL)

Includes general research topics related to sociology; educational programs and curricula For specific topics in these areas see

categories 81 through 85.

20050169645 Utah State Univ., Logan, UT, USA

Making a World of Difference Recruitment of Undergraduate Students at USU

Furse, Cynthia; Price, Jana; IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, Volume 1; [1999], pp 70-73;

This paper describes two creative methods that are used to recruit undergraduate students at Utah State University Thefirst is ‘Engineering State’, a four.day hands- on immersement in a wide array of engineering disciplines, and the second is

a slide show ca/led ‘Maldag a World of Difference - Women in Engineering’ that was created by a woman engineering student

to provide an uplifting, upbeat look at the difference a woman can make in the world if she becomes an engineer, and toencourage young women to take a second look at the opportunities engineering presents for them The Engineering Stateprogram has been in place since 1992 and has had clear, measurable benefits in the recruitment of students to USU engineeringprograms One of the goals of Engineering State is to attract women and minorities to consider an engineering career Theengineering students who have seen the preliminary portions of the new slide show have excited comments, smiles on theirfaces, and a renewed positive outlook It is hoped that this exposure will provide much-needed role models, success studies,and a new look at engineering as the people-oriented profession that it can be This slide show is available free to interestedfaculty, and is downloadable in Power Point format from the web

Author

Universities; Students; Education; Occupation

20050169648 Brigham Young Univ., Provo, UT, USA

Microwave Engineering Design Laboratories: C-Band Rail SAR and Doppler Radar Systems

Jensen, Michael A.; Arnold, David V.; Crockett, Donald E.; IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium,Volume 1; [1999], pp 82-85; In English; See also 20050169565; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

National trends appear to indicate that student and faculty interest in electromagnetic principles and practices is waning.Ironically, given the current industrial emphasis on high-frequency communications, high-speed computational systems, andhigh-bandwidth interconnection requirements, we find ourselves in a situation where increasing numbers of engineers need tohave a grasp of high-frequency fundamentals To address this need, we have re-focused the electromagnetic teachinglaboratories in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Brigham Young University to provide students withrelevant, motivational design experiences with microwave systems Our current laboratories are based on a 6 GHz Dopplerradar in our Junior-level course, and a 6 GHz Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) in the Senior-level course These laboratoriesfocus on taking students through the entire design process, beginning with system-level engineering and moving throughcomputer-aided design, fabrication, and testing Because the end product is a functional, useful system, students can directlysee the relevance of the experience as well as the associated theory taught in the accompanying course We have observed asignificant increase in student motivation since original inception of the revised laboratory experience

Author

Microwaves; Electrical Engineering; C Band; Synthetic Aperture Radar; Doppler Radar

20050170455 NASA Langley Research Center, Hampton, VA, USA

Evaluating the Effectiveness of the 2003-2004 NASA SCIence Files(trademark) Program

Caton, Randall H.; Ricles, Shannon S.; Pinelli, Thomas E.; Legg, Amy C.; Lambert, Matthew A.; May 05, 2005; 55 pp.; InEnglish

Contract(s)/Grant(s): 23-079-99-OE

Report No.(s): NASA/TM-2005-213756; L-19120; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A04, Hardcopy

The NASA SCI Files is an Emmy award-winning series of instructional programs for grades 3-5 Produced by the NASACenter for Distance Learning, programs in the series are research-, inquiry-, standards-, teacher- and technology-based EachNASA SCI Files program (1) integrates mathematics, science, and technology; (2) uses Problem-Based Learning (PBL) toenhance and enrich the teaching and learning of science; (3) emphasizes science as inquiry and the scientific method; (4)motivates students to become critical thinkers and active problem solvers; and (5) uses NASA research, facilities, andpersonnel to raise student awareness of careers and to exhibit the ‘real-world’ application of mathematics, science, andtechnology In April 2004, 1,500 randomly selected registered users of the NASA SCI Files were invited to complete a survey

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containing a series of questions A total of 263 surveys were received This report contains the quantitative and qualitativeresults of that survey.

Author

NASA Programs; Education; Telecommunication; Science; Engineering; Mathematics

81 ADMINISTRATION AND MANAGEMENT

Includes management planning and research.

20050170461 Shape Memory and Superelastic Technologies, Boeblingen, Germany

Automated Lot Tracking and Identification System

Rohrer, Ulrich; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp -; InEnglish; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Meeting exactly the agreed upon delivery dates and product volumes is an essential part of the relationship betweensemiconductor manufacturers and their customers Especially in the ASIC business with a multitude of part-numbers and yetsmall lot sizes, this has become a major criteria for ,,customer satisfaction’ Worldwide competition is the driving force toreduce manufacturing cycle time, especially for design verification or product qualification using express or RTAT lots Tosupply these high priority lots in the least possible time to the proper manufacturing equipment is a critical factor towardsachieving short overall cycle times

Derived from text

Application Specific Integrated Circuits; Automatic Control; Manufacturing; Tracking (Position)

20050170469 Motorola, Inc., Mesa, AZ, USA

Improvement of AME 8110 Oxide Etcher Daily Clean

Welp, Kevin; Fisher, Paul; Holden, Joan; Wang, Ping; Gunn, Mynetta; Franco, Jennie; 1998 IEEE/SEMI AdvancedSemiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 50-54; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright;Avail: Other Sources

In semiconductor manufacturing, continuously increasing production capacity to meet customer demands is a challengefor many mature fabs Purchasing new equipment or building additional fabrication areas are rarely the options Therefore,new ways to improve capacity using existing resources must be explored Motorola’s Bipolar 3 fab has done this in the case

of Applied Materials 8110 Reactive Ion Etchers (RIE)

Derived from text

Semiconductors (Materials); Manufacturing

20050170472 Texas Instruments, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA

The Effect of Performance Based Incentive Plans

Ingersoll, Tim; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 115-118;

This report describes a method to simultaneously achieve and maintain production and quality goals through PerformanceBased Incentive Plans Historically, at Texas Instruments’ DMOS IV wafer fab, the focus on one metric resulted in a loss ofanother Achievement or failure to achieve Fab goals had no noticeable impact on production specialists, Throughout this timeincentive plans were tried, but their metrics were complicated and not easily recognized by direct labor because they wereoutside of their immediate line of sight By modifying, improving, and evolving our incentive program to meet business goals,DMOS IV experienced seven record output quarters over 2 years while improving in all other industry established metrics.Author

Industrial Management; Personnel Management; Production Management; Management Methods; Human Performance; Incentives

20050170473 Texas Instruments, Inc., Dallas, TX, USA

Rewards, Structure and Alignment Affect Goal Attainment

Gentleman-Ingersoll, Janet; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998],

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To compete in today’s global market requires creative solutions and ideas that surpass those any individual alone canconceive or achieve Organizations will only succeed when employee’s work together, leverage diverse ideas and unite theirefforts in focused direction This paper presents a strategy to create an environment where individual contributors, teams ororganizations want to work collectively to accomplish a common goal This paper addresses alignment, structure and rewardsthat both encourage and support collaborative effort.

Author

Teams; Organizations

The Advantages of Using Short Cycle Time Manufacturing (SCM) Instead of Continuous Flow Manufacturing (CFM)

Martin, Donald P.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 43-49;

Abstract - Over the past two decades continuous flow manufacturing (CFM) has been the principle operational tool to helpmanage and improve the utilization of manufacturing assets As the name connotes, the key focus of CFM is to measure andmanage the throughput of tools/toolsets that comprise the manufacturing line To this end, there have been a variety of systemsproposed to help manage throughput (e.g., PUSH , PULL, theory of constraints) with their attendant control methodologies(e.g., MRP, KANBAN, drum-buffer-rope, etc.) This paper explores how the X-factor (normalized cycle time) rather thanthroughput is used as the prime line control and line analysis parameter; hence, the name short cycle time manufacturing(SCM) Because manufacturing lines have both throughput and X-factor commitments, it is essential to understand thefundamental relationships between throughput, capacity and X-factor This paper also demonstrates that X-factor is a muchmore sensitive indicator of capacity problems than throughput, because X-factor increases rapidly as the throughputapproaches the effective capacity This sensitivity in X-factor can be used as a powerful diagnostic tool to uncoverunanticipated capacity issues Short cycle time manufacturing (SCM) allows each tool/toolset to be analyzed depending on itsdemonstrated X-factor and capacity versus target to determine which tools/toolsets need improvement, since the overallX-factor of the line is just the weighted sums of the component toolset X-factors In addition, this paper analyzes the impact

of mix and volume with a cycle time constraint on the capacity of tools that are affected by batch or train size Thus, SCMprovides significant advantages over CFM in helping to manage and improve manufacturing asset utilization

Author

Time Dependence; Manufacturing; Flow Charts

20050170494 University Coll., Cork, Ireland

Semiconductor Metrics: Conflicting Goals or Increasing Opportunities?

Sattler, Linda; Schlueter, Robert; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop;[1998], pp 55-60; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

In order to improve semiconductor manufacturing performance, companies typically utilize various metrics such as cycletime, throughput and yield By tracking the progress of one or more of these metrics and setting achievement goals, manycompanies are able to make significant metric improvements However, metric improvement is only beneficial if it results inactual manufacturing improvement Metrics may be influenced by forces outside of manufacturing, they may conflict withother metrics, or they may actually increase undesirable outcomes in the lab This paper highlights some of the currentproblems with metric utilization in semiconductor fabs Examples from industry and results using data from the CompetitiveSemiconductor Manufacturing Study at the University of California at Berkeley are given We present some practical solutionshighlighting the Overall Equipment Effectiveness Teams at Texas Instruments which have been designed to minimize many

of the semiconductor metric problems

Author

Semiconductors (Materials); Manufacturing; Improvement

20050170496 INTEL Ireland Ltd., Leixlip, Ireland

A80 A New Perspective on Predictable Factory Performance

Cunningham, Calum; Babikian, Richard; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference AndWorkshop; [1998], pp 71-76; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Predictable output performance that maximizes asset utilization is the cornerstone of successful volume manufacturing.The Theory of Constraints uses the principles of covariance and dependent events to describe how equipment or operationsthat dominate factory performance should be managed In practice the ‘true constraint’ is elusive and is seldom the designed

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constraint This paper introduces a new statistically based equipment performance management methodology called A80which focuses on equipment or operation performance variability to rapidly identify and improve the performance of the ‘trueconstraint’ The A80 methodology initially developed at Intel’s Fab 10 facility and subsequently adopted by all Intel 200mmfacilities rejects the traditional use of average availability as a primary indicator of equipment performance and capacitybecause it provides no indication of stability thus invariably fails to prompt the correct response to performanceinconsistencies This paper will describe the A80 concept, tools and methods developed in Fabl0 and will use data and casestudy materials to show how the methodology is

Author

Management Planning; Statistical Analysis; Performance Prediction; Equipment

20050170504 Fairchild Semiconductor Corp., South Portland, ME, USA

Enhancing Fab Performance Under Team Council Methodology

Dupuis, Ronald N., Jr.; Gervais, John; Park, Steven; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing ConferenceAnd Workshop; [1998], pp 119-121; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

The objective of this paper is to outline and describe the process of developing Team Councils in a Fab Organization Atfirst we will present an historical background and why we thought this type of approach was necessary to achieve highperformance from all levels of the Organization A Road Map to success as well as a Task Level Migration matrix will describedifferent levels of responsibility needed to achieve the results described in the conclusion of this paper Though this process

is still evolving and developing in South Portland, the paper describes the necessary steps to implement this process.Author

Matrices (Mathematics); Migration

20050170505 Motorola, Inc., Austin, TX, USA

Risk Management Exercise in a Wafer Fab Utilizing Dynamic Simulation

McCay, Todd; DePinto, Gary; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998],

In the semiconductor industry, companies must be prepared to effectively respond to emergency situations that threatentheir employees’ safety and their manufacturing sites Most emergencies are small incidents with minor impact; however, thepotential human and fmancial loss resulting from a large scale emergency can be very great Prior experience had shown thatalthough the Motorola and City of Austin emergency response groups operate effectively on an independent basis, cross-groupcommunication and coordination needed improvement To assist with this, a large-scale, multiple emergency drill involvingall groups was conducted A forty-two member simulation team was organized to design and implement a scenario usingDynamic Simulation in order to make the drill as realistic as possible A five hour drill was successfully completed withoutinterruption to manufacturing with approximately eighty responders at eight different, simultaneous activity areas across a 245acre campus containing five manufacturing facilities Several opportunities to improve and refine the processes of preplanning,response, follow-up and drill implementation were identified Annual drills of this magnitude and style will be institutionalized

as part of how each group manages risk and protects their employees and other assets

Author

Industrial Safety; Safety Management; Industrial Plants; Emergencies; Drills

Quantifying Capacity Loss Associated with Staffing in a Semiconductor Manufacturing Line

Pollitt, Clinton; Matthews, John; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop;[1998], pp 133-137; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Even on a base of total time, staffing related capacity loss is one of the major contributors to underperforming tools Theloss of capacity caused by staffing, whether planned or unplanned, has the potential of being the single most significantoperational detractor in a semiconductor line A number of issues related to staffing strategies and operational methodologiesfor a semiconductor line will affect capacity loss On the one hand, there is the need to be cost competitive by reducing staffingand increasing productivity On the other, the cost of idle equipment and loss of tool capacity because of insufficient staffingmust be considered Many issues are involved in determining accurate capacity loss because of staffing and identifying thecomponents of that loss This paper discusses ways to determine capacity loss and other concerns related to staffing on varioustool sets in a semiconductor manufacturing line using the techniques of multiobservation study (MOS) and data analysis

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Additionally, it describes the link between the quantity and main contributing factors that result in a given loss Finally, itexamines some strategies for reducing the effect of staffing on capacity.

Author

Personnel Management; Losses; Industrial Management; Assembling

20050170507 Southwest Research Inst., San Antonio, TX, USA

Filling the Technology Gap through Balanced Joint Development Projects and Contracted Independent Research Providers

Runnels, Scott; Miceli, Frank; Kim, Inki; Easter, BIll; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing ConferenceAnd Workshop; [1998], pp 138-141; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Over the past several years, a noticeable amount of the semiconductor manufacturing industry’s overall R&D burden hasshifted from chip manufacturer to equipment supplier However, it is difficult for equipment suppliers to support the permanentdedicated research staff required to bear their increasing R&D burden Likewise, their counterparts inside the chipmanufacturer are urged to focus on current process development, integration, and efficiency issues This shift in the R&Dburden has been widely recognized in the supplier community, which has referred to it as the ‘Technology Gap.’ This paperdescribes one way of dealing with that technology gap A successful joint development project (JDP) between SpeedFamCorporation and Lucent Technologies is described and used to exemplify how the R&D burden can be properly balanced byallowing each organization to focus on their core competency Key to the success of the JDP was the use of private,independent R&D supplied under contract by Southwest Research Institute, which also helped facilitate the balance throughpreliminary self-funded R&D The paper explains how issues regarding intellectual property protection and ownership weresuccessfully resolved and will briefly describe the technology produced from the project

Author

Intellectual Property; Research; Manufacturing

Dynamic Capacity Modeling

Mercier, James R.; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998],

Today’s semiconductor fabricators often experience large part number variations and short product lives which can lead

to capacity shortfalls Fluctuation in part number mix can lead to multiple pinch points in the production process To containwafer starts, new process qualification must be quickly implemented However, this may introduce ‘risk’ into the line work

in process (WIP) In addition, any production pinch points will hamper the fabricator’s ability to maintain adequate line cycletime This paper demonstrates a methodology that can be used to relate part number variation in the fabricator to the availabletool capacity in various process sectors This methodology allows for real time analysis, and is primarily intended for proactivemanagement of capacity-constrained production sectors

Author

Industrial Management; Dynamic Models; Fabrication; Management Methods; Manufacturing

20050170510 Osaka Univ., Osaka, Japan

Effect of 300mm Wafer and Small Lot Size on Final Test Process Efficiency and Cost of LSI Manufacturing System

Nakamae, Koji; Chikamura, Akihisa; Fujioka, Hiromu; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor ManufacturingConference And Workshop; [1998], pp 151-155; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other SourcesThe effect of lot size change on the current final test process efficiency and cost due to the transition of from conventional

5 or 6 inches to 300mm (12 inches) in wafer size is evaluated through simulation analysis Results show that a high testefficiency and a low test cost are maintained regardless of lot size in the range of 300ram wafer from one sheet to 25 sheets

by using an appropriate dispatching rule and a small processing and moving lot size close to the batch size of testing equipment

in the final test process

Author

Wafers; Low Cost; Manufacturing; Size Distribution

20050170515 JEOL System Technology Co Ltd., Tokyo, Japan

Yield Management for Development and Manufacture of Integrated Circuits

Koyama, Hiroshi; Inokuchi, Masayuki; 1998 IEEE/SEMI Advanced Semiconductor Manufacturing Conference AndWorkshop; [1998], pp 208-211; In English; See also 20050170458; Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

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The purpose of this paper is to outline a strategic element of yield management methodologies for the development andfabrication of advanced Ultra Large Scale Integration (ULSI) circuits Fundamental ideas regarding knowledge conversion and

a detailed yield management system are described

Author

Management Systems; Large Scale Integration

82 DOCUMENTATION AND INFORMATION SCIENCE

Includes information management; information storage and retrieval technology; technical writing; graphic arts; and micrography For

computer program documentation see 61 Computer Programming and Software.

20050169840 Aspen Systems Corp., Silverspring, MD, USA

What Works in Partnership Building for HMIS: A Guide for the Los Angeles/Orange County Collaborative

Apr 30, 2003; 40 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): PB2005-105941; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A03, Hardcopy

To inform its implementation of a countywide homeless information management system, the Los Angeles/OrangeCounty (LA/OC) Collaborative is interested in identifying and understanding successful models for collaboration oninformation technology This document presents descriptions of how other jurisdictions around the country have implemented

an HMIS in their communities The document highlights What Works in each community examples of decisions and practicesthat can help inform the LA-OC HMIS decision-making process The LA/OC Collaborative is comprised of the Cities ofGlendale, Los Angeles, Long Beach, Pasadena, Pomona and Santa Monica and Los Angeles and Orange counties

NTIS

Information Management; Management Systems; Identifying

20050170924 American Geological Inst., Alexandria, VA, USA

National Geoscience Data Repository System Phase III: Implementation and Operation of the Repository Semiannual Progress Report 1st Half FY001 (Report for October 2000-March 2001)

Apr 2001; 24 pp.; In English

The NGDRS has attained 72% of its targeted goal for cores and cuttings transfers, with over 12M linear feet of cores andcuttings now available for public use Additionally, large-scale transfers of seismic data have been evaluated, but based on therecommendation of the NGDRS steering committee, cores have been given priority because of the vast scale of the seismicdata problem relative to the available funding The rapidly changing industry conditions have required that the primary coreand cuttings preservation strategy evolve as well A Steering Committee meeting held on November 30, 2000 focused oncurrent achievements, how the situation in the petroleum industry affects the NGDRS activities, and the nature of the study

by the National Research Council on data preservation

NTIS

Geology; Data Base Management Systems

National Geoscience Data Repository System Phase III: Implementation and Operation of the Repository Semiannual Progress Report 2nd Half FY02 (Report for April 2002-October 2002)

Oct 2002; 22 pp.; In English

The NGDRS has facilitated 85% of cores, cuttings, and other data identified available for transfer to the public sector.Over 12 million linear feet of cores and cuttings, in addition to large numbers of paleontological samples and are now availablefor public use To date, with industry contributions for program operations and data transfers, the NGDRS project has realized

a 6.5 to 1 return on investment to Department of Energy funds Large-scale transfers of seismic data have been evaluated, butbased on the recommendation of the NGDRS steering committee, cores have been given priority because of the vast scale ofthe seismic data problem relative to the available funding The rapidly changing industry conditions have required that theprimary core and cuttings preservation strategy evolve as well

NTIS

Geology; Data Base Management Systems; Geophysics

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National Geoscience Data Repository System Phase III: Implementation and Operation of the Repository

Apr 2000; 16 pp.; In English

In the past six months the NGDRS program has continued to engaged new contacts, identify additional data transfertargets, and improve the metadata catalog for both easier use and long-term maintainability With industry conditionscontinuing to rapidly change and evolve, the primary core and cuttings preservation strategy has evolved as well With thesevere lack of available public data repository space and the establishment of a major national geoscience data repositoryfacility unlikely in the near future, the focus is on increasing public awareness and access to nonproprietary company dataholdings that remain in the public and private sector Efforts still continue to identify and facilitate the entry of new repositoryspace into the public sector Additionally, AGI has been working with the National Academy of Sciences Board on EarthSciences and Resources staff to initiate a study and workshop to develop a policy recommendation on geoscience datapreservation and prioritization of efforts

NTIS

Data Bases; Geology; Geophysics

20050173127 Army Medical Dept Activity, Heidelberg, Germany

Developing a Strategic Information Systems Plan for the Heidelberg US Army Medical Department Activity

Walker, Dennis W.; Apr 2004; 74 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): AD-A432039; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A04, Hardcopy

The Heidelberg Military Healthcare System does not have a strategic information systems plan for the future The hospital

is operating in a turbulent environment on an aging information system structure The Heidelberg hospital recently underwentsignificant changes and is anticipating more within the next three to five years This study consists of a qualitative analysis

of the information systems for the Heidelberg healthcare system Using a six-step customized planning methodology; the studydevelops four recommended information management goals, aligns these goals with the organization’s strategic goals andobjectives, defines the information technology architecture, and identifies some resource requirements Using therecommended strategic information systems plan, the hospital must create a strategic control action plan developingmeasurements and committing capital resources

DTIC

Biomedical Data; Hospitals; Information Systems

20050173132 National War Coll., Washington, DC USA

The Encryption Export Policy Controversy: Searching for Balance in the Information Age

Miller, Marcus S.; Jan 2000; 25 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): AD-A432212; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

The Information Age challenges old paradigms and severely tests the government’s ability to devise appropriate andeffective national policies The federal government s encryption export policy highlights a complex information age issueinvolving seemingly insurmountable conflicts between national security, law enforcement, privacy, and business interests.Encryption employs mathematical algorithms, implemented in either hardware or software, to encode or scramble a sequence

of data Although cryptography has been used for centuries, the rise of the Internet and electronic commerce pushed the issue

of encryption control to the forefront of public debate during the 1990s Formerly the near-exclusive domain of governments,the majority of today’s encryption products flow from private industry backed by private funding for use in the private sector.While encryption rose to increasing importance in cyberspace to secure communications and establish trustworthiness, thefederal government continued to follow the traditional national security paradigm of export controls A series of policydecisions by the Clinton Administration on encryption export controls during the 1990s ignited a heated public discourse and

a continuing search for a balance between competing interests The Administration s pursuit of balance apparently reached itsend-state with an announcement on September 16, 1999 to reverse US export restrictions on strong encryption, a radicaldeparture from previous reliance on export controls The federal government’s search for balance among competing interests

in its encryption export policy illustrates the substantial difficulties facing policy makers in the Information Age While thesearch for policy balance appears to prove the ultimate adequacy of the Constitutional framework and the policy makingprocess to deal with complex issues in cyberspace, it clearly highlights the imperative for national policy makers to recognizeInformation Age realities 7

DTIC

Cryptography; International Trade; Policies

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20050173133 Army Medical Research and Materiel Command, Fort Detrick, MD USA

Alternative Approaches to Improve Physiological Predictions

Oleng, Nicholas; Reifman, Jaques; Berglund, Larry; Hoyt, Reed; Dec 2004; 9 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

Recent advancements in technology have resulted in new biosensors and information processing capabilities that permiton-line, real-time measurement of physiological variables This has, in turn, given rise to the possibility of developingsoldier-specific, data-driven predictive models for assessing physiological status in the battlefield This paper explores how theaccuracy of a predictive model based on first principles physiology can be enhanced by data-driven ‘black box’ techniques

of modeling and predicting human physiological variables Such hybrid techniques are employed here in the prediction of coretemperature Preliminary results show that the mean square error of prediction can be reduced by up to fifty percent forprediction horizons of up to 30 minutes

DTIC

Biological Effects; Data Processing; Detection; Physiology

20050173172 Defence Research and Development Canada, Valcartier, Quebec Canada

Capturing and Modeling Knowledge Objectives: The Sacot Project

Auger, Alain; Jan 2004; 3 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

One of the strategic objectives for Information and Knowledge Management (IKM) in Canadian Command and ControlInformation Systems (C2IS) consists in investigating and advancing knowledge creation and discovery techniques throughwhich information is collected and processed to support situation analysis and gain sufficient situational awareness to be able

to project possible future courses of action or trends with confidence In 2001, the Future Army Capabilities report (DND,2001) pointed out that without some fundamental change, current army ISR1 will be incapable of providing the degree ofknowledge that will be required by future commanders Therefore all relevant data, information and knowledge must beavailable at all levels, but managed in a way that produces a current, rapid and coherent understanding of the battlespace, while

at the same time allowing the various levels of command to process the relevant material for their specific purposes.DTIC

Command and Control; Information Management; Information Systems

20050173181 Naval Postgraduate School, Monterey, CA USA

Analysis of Career Progression and Job Performance in Internal Labor Markets: The Case of Federal Civil Service Employees

Spyropoulos, Dimitrios; Mar 2005; 87 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

The objective of this thesis is to investigate various factors that influence the job performance and promotion of DODcivilian workers The data used in this study were drawn from the Department of Defense Civilian Personnel Data Filesprovided by the Defense Manpower Data Center (DMDC) The initial data was restricted to employees who were initiallyhired in 1995 and stayed in service until 2003 and were paid under the General Schedule (GS) pay system Three generalperformance measures were used: compensation (salary), annual performance ratings and promotions Multivariate modelswere specified and estimated for each of these performance measures The results indicate that females receive lower annualand hourly compensation and are less likely to be promoted than men even though they receive better performance ratings.The results also indicate that minorities are paid less and are less likely to be promoted than majority workers while veteransare paid more, perform better, and are more likely to become supervisors The models also reveal that performance rating is

a weak measure of productivity and that more highly educated employees are paid more and more likely to be promoted moreeven if they are not always the best performers

DTIC

Human Performance; Labor; Manpower; Occupation; Personnel; Personnel Management

20050173183 Maryland Univ., College Park, MD USA

Distributed Domain Generation Based on the Network Environment Characteristics for Dynamic Ad-Hoc Networks

Manousakis, Kyriakos; Baras, John S.; Dec 2004; 3 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): DAAD19-2-01-0011

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Ad hoc networks are very important for scenarios where there is not fixed network infrastructure These scenarios mayappear both in the military and the commercial world Even though there is much advancement in the area of these networks,the main drawback is that ad hoc networks do not scale well because the existing protocols (e.g., MAC, routing, security)cannot tolerate their dynamics A remedy to this problem could exist if these protocols were applied in hierarchical manner.The hierarchy generation in these dynamic environments can be advantageous since the numerous topological changes can betolerated easier and the various protocols can perform better when dealing with smaller groups of nodes On the other hand,hierarchy has to be generated carefully in order to be beneficial for the network otherwise it may harm it, because of theimposed maintenance overhead The weakness of the existing network clustering algorithms is that they do not take intoconsideration the dynamics of the network environment, so in cases of increased mobility their overhead may deterioratenetwork performance instead of improving it In this paper we present a new dynamic distributed clustering (DDC) algorithm.The basic characteristic of this algorithm is that it takes into consideration the network dynamics for the generation of robustand efficient clusters DDC can be applied in highly mobile networks and we show that it presents better scalability androbustness characteristics from well known existing clustering algorithms.

DTIC

Communication Networks; Hierarchies

Requirements Analysis and Course Improvements for EO3502 Telecommunications Systems Engineering

Wagner, Michael D.; Turner, Nathan L.; Mar 2005; 115 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

This thesis evaluated the requirement and provides course improvement recommendations for TelecommunicationsSystems Engineering EO3502 taught at the Naval Postgraduate School Other graduate programs in Information TechnologyManagement were evaluated to determine the standard for telecommunications engineering expected from some of the mostrespected academic institutions Graduates of NPS’s Information Technology Management (ITM) and Information Systemsand Operations (ISO) curriculums were surveyed to determine how important telecommunications engineering is for theirfollow-on assignments In addition, lesson topic vignettes were developed to provide fleet/field examples to reinforce therelevance if individual topics Finally, recommendations were provided for improving EO3502 and the ITM curriculum ingeneral

DTIC

Information Systems; Systems Engineering; Telecommunication

20050173209 L-3 Communication Government Services, Inc., Rome, NY USA

Open Radio Communications Architecture Core Framework V1.1.0 Volume 1 Software Users Manual

Gudaitis, Mike; Hallatt, Dave; Bagdasarova, A.; Yax, Mike; Feb 2005; 159 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

as LinuxFC), this document describes version 1.1.0 of the OrcaCF This Software User Manual (SUM) tells a hands-onsoftware user how to install and use the OrcaCF v1.1.0 subsystem The architecture and requirements are based on the JTRSSCA v2.2

DTIC

C (Programming Language); Computer Programs; Manuals; Radio Communication; User Manuals (Computer Programs)

An Analysis of the Effect of Marital and Family Status on Retention, Promotion, and On-the-Job Productivity of Male Marine Corps Officers

Cerman, Guray; Kaya, Bulent; Mar 2005; 140 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

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This thesis investigates the effect of marital and family status on the performance and job productivity of male U.S.Marine Corps officers The analysis includes evaluation of fitness reports, retention, and promotion to O-4 and O-5 ranks asperformance measures The primary goal is to examine the existence of any marriage premium on officers’ performance andproductivity and to investigate potential causal hypotheses The personnel database used for the analysis includes more than27,000 male Marine officers who entered the Marine Corps between FY 1980 and 1999 After controlling for selection,estimating fixed effects and using panel data in order to capture timely-varying effects, this study finds that there is a marriagepremium for all performance measures The thesis rejects the explanation that such premiums are due to supervisor favoritism.Moreover, married male officers obtain higher fitness report scores, higher promotion probabilities, and higher retentionprobabilities than single officers Each additional year spent in marriage increases fitness report scores and retentionprobabilities Having additional non-spousal dependents increase fitness report scores and retention probabilities On the otherhand, being a currently single but ‘to-be-married’ officer yields higher premium, as married officers, for all productivity andperformance indicators This supports selectivity into marriage as a partial explanation of the source of the marriage premium.DTIC

Data Bases; Males; Military Personnel; Personnel Management; Productivity

20050173243 Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal

New Initiatives for Electronic Scholarly Publishing: Academic Information Sources on the Internet

Ramalho Correia, Ana Maria; Teixeira, Jose C.; Dec 2004; 23 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrationsReport No.(s): AD-A432461; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

No abstract available

Data Processing; Electronic Publishing; Information Systems; Internets

20050173272 Office of the Under Secretary of Defense (Acquisitions and Technology), Washington, DC USA

Report of the Defense Science Board Task Force On Information Warfare -Defense (IW-D)

Nov 1996; 206 pp.; In English

The national security posture of the USA is becoming increasingly dependent on U.S and international infrastructures.These infrastructures are highly interdependent, particularly because of the inter-netted nature of the information componentsand because of their reliance on the national information infrastructure The information infrastructure depends, in turn, uponother infrastructures such as electrical power Protecting the infrastructures against physical and electronic attacks andensuring the availability of the infrastructures will be complicated These infrastructures are provided mostly (and in somecases exclusively) by the commercial sector; regulated in part by federal, state, and local governments; and significantlyinfluenced by market forces Commercial services from the national information infrastructure provide the vast majority of thetelecommunications portion of the Defense Information Infrastructure (DII) These services are regulated by Federal and stateagencies Local government agencies regulate the cable television portion of the information infrastructure Power generationand distribution are provided by very diverse activities-the Federal government, public utilities, cooperatives, and privatecompanies Interstate telecommunications are regulated by the Federal Communications Commission, interstatetelecommunications by the state public utilities commissions Interstate power distribution is regulated by the Federal EnergyRegulatory Commission, interstate power generation and distribution by the state public utilities commissions

DTIC

Security; Warfare

20050173273 Naval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA USA

Test and Evaluation of Medical Data Surveillance System at Navy and Marine Corps MTFs

Melcer, T.; Bohannan, B.; Burr, R.; Leap, T.; Reed, C.; Jeschonek, B.; Apr 2003; 54 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): Proj-M2332

Report No.(s): AD-A432540; NHRC-03-14; No Copyright; Avail: Defense Technical Information Center (DTIC)

Recent Department of Defense (DoD) directives call for joint medical surveillance Joint Vision 2010-2020 states thegoals of Information Superiority and Full Spectrum Dominance In addition, the emphasis on early detection of chemical andbiological attacks makes it imperative to conduct rigorous testing and evaluation (T&E) of medical informatics technologiesunder development to enhance joint force protection The Medical Data Surveillance System (MDSS) is a Web-basedautomated surveillance and data analysis tool intended to integrate medical information for surveillance of deployed forces

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and patient populations in the USA The present study evaluated MDSS version 3.1, focusing on its functioning and utilityfor end users at Navy and Marine Corps MTFs.

DTIC

Data Systems; Evaluation; Medical Services; Navy; Surveillance; System Effectiveness

20050173299 Office of Naval Research, Arlington, VA USA

Science and Technology Metrics

Kostoff, Ronald N.; Jan 2005; 979 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

This document describes the rationale for, and implementation of, the expanded use of the proper metrics in the evaluation

of science and technology (S&T) The document starts with an Executive Overview and Conclusions regarding the application

of metrics to the entire S&T development cycle, including its key role in setting incentives for S&T development Then, afterdescribing how the evolution of S&T has influenced the present burgeoning interest in quantitative S&T metrics, thismonograph defines different types of S&T metrics, followed by the main principles of high quality metrics-based S&Tevaluations After a broad overview of quantitative approaches to research assessment, the document focuses on the mainapproaches of bibliometrics and econometrics, including a novel section on bibliometric collaboration indicators It thendescribes the bibliometrics-related family of approaches known as co-occurrence phenomena, describes a network modelingapproach to quantifying research impacts, and ends the main text body with a description of a metrics-based expert systemsapproach for supporting research assessment There are a substantial number of Appendices that make the present documentessentially a self-contained monograph Appendix 12 contains extensive data describing the infrastructure of the S&T metricsliterature (including the seminal documents in S&T metrics), and it is followed by a very extensive Bibliography that containsover 7500 key references in S&T metrics The Bibliography includes both those specific references identified in the body ofthis document’s text, and suggestions for further reading in this broad technical area

DTIC

Cost Analysis; Cost Effectiveness; Research and Development; Technologies; Technology Assessment

20050173338 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA

The Role of Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs in the Global War on Terrorism

Huntley, Henry L.; Mar 2005; 35 pp.; In English

On 12 September 2001 the day after the horrible attacks on the Pentagon and the World Trade Towers the USAGovernment (USG) and the American military officially began the global war on terrorism (GWOT) In a response to theoverwhelming flow of compassion from the International Arab and Muslim Communities President Bush quickly reached out

to America and the rest of the world to make the USG’s case to respond quickly to the terrorist activity around the world.Proposing a global war on terrorism (GWOT) he would deliver an eloquent but stern message successfully framing whyAmerica and the freedom-loving citizens around the world needed to unit to fight the war on terrorism Almost two years later

as America faced a second war with the brutal government of Iraq the USG again engaged the international community to stateits case for war This time engaging too slowly America’s positive support gained through public diplomacy and public affairswould quickly dissipate Thus making it very difficult to convince the world and the Arab and Muslim Communities thatAmerica and the coalition were doing the right thing by in going to war with Iraq for a second time This SRP will examinethe importance of Public Diplomacy and Public Affairs It will review the current USG policy on public diplomacy and themilitary’s role of public affairs Further the paper will discuss world opinion of USG policy assess whether the U.S militaryshould carry the burden of public diplomacy to win the hearts and minds and provide a recommendation for improving theUSG Pubic Diplomacy posture in our current global war on terrorism

DTIC

Public Relations; Terrorism; United States; Warfare

20050173343 Geological Survey, Reston, VA USA

Electronic Collection Management and Electronic Information Services

Cotter, Gladys; Carroll, Bonnie; Hodge, Gail; Japzon, Andrea; Dec 2004; 21 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

Data Management; Electronic Publishing; Information Management; Information Systems; Libraries; Management Information Systems; Pulse Communication; User Requirements

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20050173345 Information International Associates, Inc., Havertown, PA USA

Metadata for Electronic Information Resources

Hodge, Gail; Dec 2004; 20 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

Data Management; Electronic Publishing; Indexes (Documentation); Information Management; Metadata; Security; Subjects

20050173356 General Hospital (121st) APO, New York, NY USA

Pharmaceutical Logistics at the 121st General Hospital, Seoul, Korea

Giraud, Roger S.; Apr 2004; 54 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): AD-A432702; AMDCS-35-04; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A04, Hardcopy

The USA Forces Korea has continued to deter North Korean aggression and the l2l St General Hospital (121 St GH) hasprovided health care support during this period The 121st GH pharmacy is an integral piece in the provision of health care

in Korea The purpose of the study is to determine the indicators of effective pharmacy support and determine if our currentpharmaceutical logistics practice is efficient The study reports an innovative application of multivariate approaches to predictorder ship time (OST) The sample consists of 122 days of pharmaceutical requisitions Pharmaceutical logistics data are used

to estimate a multiple regression model of OST for demand satisfaction and accommodation, requisition cost and volume andsource of supply Multivariate correlations among five independent variables and the dependent variable, OST, are calculated.The average OST is 6.99 days Demand satisfaction, requisition volume and source of supply measures make statisticallysignificant contributions to the shared variance in overall OST, and yield an R(exp 2) of 225 (F(5, 116)= 6.72; p \h 0001).The study’s results, its usefulness for enhancing leadership’s ability to evaluate pharmaceutical logistics, and its implicationsfor current systems are discussed By improving pharmaceutical logistics, the 121st General Hospital may deliver better healthcare on the Korean peninsula

DTIC

Drugs; Hospitals; Korea; Logistics; Logistics Management; Management Systems; Medical Services; Pharmacology

20050173394 Army War Coll., Carlisle Barracks, PA USA

Evaluation of Information Assurance Requirements in a Net-Centric Army

Miller, Scot; Mar 2005; 31 pp.; In English

Network centric capabilities are a key enabler for the transformational army and planned employment of Units of Action

in the future Information Assurance refers to the security and assurance of the information that is being passed within themyriad networked systems at multiple data rates and security classifications This paper will examine the requirements andconcurrent capabilities necessary for this key strategic imperative of future Army operations as part of a joint and coalitionforce

DTIC

Information; Information Transfer; Military Operations; Security; User Requirements

20050173396 Texas Univ., Austin, TX USA

Future Force and First Responders: Building Ties for Collaboration and Leveraged Research and Development

O’Brien, William J.; Hammer, Joachim; Dec 2004; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): CMS-0075407; CMS-0122193

Visions for the information needs and operational capabilities of the Future Force are similar to those for First Responderswho comprise the backbone of Homeland Security personnel There is also an increasing role for collaboration between FutureForce warriors and First Responders in response to both domestic incidents and internationally through peacekeeping andrelated operational roles (US Army 2001; US Army 2004) The purpose of this position paper is to summarize the informationenvironment of First Responders from the perspective of the IT/C4ISR community, seeking to highlight areas forcollaboration, extension of research, and opportunities for leveraged R&D

DTIC

Medical Personnel; Security

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Planning for Success: Constructing a First Responder Planning Methodology for Homeland Security

Jankowski, Thaddeus K., Sr; Mar 2005; 103 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

The planning methodologies used today by most U.S fire departments are excellent for traditional missions, but whollyinadequate for the threats posed by terrorism Planning in the fire service and the rest of the first responder communityhistorically has relied on a one-dimensional approach that uses a scenario-based planning (SBP) methodology This thesisargues that the fire service and others in the first responder community will be able to contribute to homeland security missionsmuch more effectively, and efficiently, by switching to specially adapted versions of capabilities-based planning This thesisproposes a new integrated planning methodology that combines the planning strengths of scenariobased planning, threat-basedplanning, and capabilities-based planning The new method identifies capabilities that could be used to manage and mitigatethe consequences of the different types of contingencies within the various response spectrums It allows an organization toperform analysis and efficiency studies to evaluate the different spectrums of contingencies against existing capabilities andcreate a menu of capabilities necessary for the first responder to respond to all its missions, including immediate threats andterrorism, in the most efficient and cost-effective manner

DTIC

Cost Effectiveness; Security; Terrorism; Transponders

20050173419 Army Research Lab., Aberdeen Proving Ground, MD USA

Urban Combat Data Mining

Bodt, Barry A.; Heilman, Eric G.; Kaste, Richard C.; O’May, Janet F.; Dec 2004; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

We describe an approach and its implementation involving simulation and data mining for improved understanding of thepotential relationships among battle parameters and battle outcomes in an urban setting

DTIC

Combat; Data Mining; Information Retrieval; Simulation; Terrain; Warfare

20050173440 Mayo Foundation, Rochester, MN USA

Molecular Database Construction and Mining: A General Approach to Unconventional Pathogen Countermeasures

Pang, Yuan-Ping; Dec 2004; 4 pp.; In English

be inhibited by specific inhibitors without interfering with other enzymes required for normal functions This approach hasbeen conceptually validated by the clinical use of protease inhibitors for treating various pathogen invasions It is, however,not suitable for military use in its present form, because typically ten years are required to develop an effective proteaseinhibitor Here we propose to use the advanced supercomputing technology to shorten the drug discovery process

DTIC

Construction; Countermeasures; Data Bases; Information Retrieval; Microorganisms; Pathogens

20050173471 Singapore Inst of Manufacturing Technology, Singapore

Unmanned Tracked Ground Vehicle for Natural Environments

Ibanez-Guzman, J.; Jian, X.; Malcolm, A.; Gong, Z.; Chen, Chun Wah; Tay, Alex; Dec 2004; 9 pp.; In English; Originalcontains color illustrations

The deployment of an autonomous and teleoperated vehicle in tropical environments presents numerous challenges due

to the extreme conditions encountered This paper presents the transformation of a M113 Armored Personnel Carrier into anautonomous and teleoperated vehicle for operation in jungle-like conditions The system was partitioned into functional

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systems: Vehicle Control/ Mobility, Piloting, Visual Guidance, Teleoperation and Communications Details of the systemarchitecture and major components are included Emphasis is made on the perception mechanisms developed for visualguidance, the vehicle conversion into a computer-controlled system and the implementation of navigation algorithms forlocalization and path planning A suite of onboard active and passive sensors is used in the visual guidance system Data fusion

is performed on the outputs of the different types of the sensors The fusion result fed to the path planner that generates headingand speed commands to maneuver the vehicle towards the desired position The vehicle controller executes the speed andheading commands and ensures the vehicle fast and safe response The results from field trials completed in tropical forestconditions that are unique to the region are included

DTIC

Architecture (Computers); Personnel; Tracked Vehicles; Unmanned Ground Vehicles

20050173478 Air Force Research Lab., Rome, NY USA

FPGA Acceleration of Information Management Services

Linderman, Richard W.; Linderman, Mark H.; Lin, Chun-Shin; Feb 2005; 25 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) are widely known for their ability to accelerate ‘number crunching’applications, such as filtering for signal and image processing However, this paper reports on the ability of FPGAs to greatlyaccelerate non-numerical applications, particularly fundamental operations supporting publish subscribe informationmanagement environments The specific core service accelerated by FPGAs is the brokering of XML metadata of publicationsagainst the XPATH logical predicates expressing the types of publications that the subscribers wish to receive Theacceleration is not achieved solely by the FPGA, but by its close coordination with a programmable processor within aHeterogeneous, HPC architecture (HHPC) Two subtasks addressed by the FPGA are the parsing of the ASCII XMLpublication metadata into an exploitable binary form, followed by the partial evaluation of up to thousands of subscriptionpredicates, with results reported back to the programmable processor On the first subtask, the FPGA implements a statemachine the parses 1 ascii character per clock cycle, presently with a 50 MHz clock on 6M gate Xilinx Virtex II FPGAs Thisreduces parse time typical information object metadata from 2 milliseconds to around 50 microseconds (40X speedup) Oncethe data is parsed, the fields broadcast to parallel logic, which evaluates the subscription predicates The FPGA synthesis tools

do a surprising effective job of optimizing the logic to evaluate these XPATH predicates In one typical case, 2000 predicatescompiled down to only require 2.9% of the 6M gate FPGA resources

DTIC

Computer Programming; Field-Programmable Gate Arrays; Information Management; Information Systems

20050173483 Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center, San Diego, CA USA

Integrated Control Strategies Supporting Autonomous Functionalities in Mobile Robots

Sights, B.; Everett, H R.; Pacis, E B.; Kogut, G.; Thompson, M.; Jan 2005; 7 pp.; In English; Original contains colorillustrations

High-level intelligence allows a mobile robot to create and interpret complex world models, but without a precise controlsystem, the accuracy of the world model and the robot’s ability to interact with its surroundings are greatly diminished Thisproblem is amplified when the environment is hostile, such as in a battlefield situation where an error in movement responsemay lead to destruction of the robot As the presence of robots on the battlefield continues to escalate and the trend towardrelieving the human of the low-level control burden advances, the ability to combine the functionalities of several criticalcontrol systems on a single platform becomes imperative

DTIC

Autonomy; Robotics; Robots

20050173532 Objective Interface Systems, Inc., Herndon, VA USA

High-Assurance Security/Safety on HPEC Systems: an Oxymoron?

Beckwith, Bill; Vanfleet, W M.; Feb 2005; 8 pp.; In English; Original contains color illustrations

To address the need for security in high performance systems, an architecture-based on a small separation, or partitioning,kernel was proposed This architecture, termed the MILS (Multiple Independent Levels of Security) architecture classifies the

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components of a system into three layers, the Partitioning Kernel, the Middleware layer (which includes many operatingsystem functions commonly found combined with an OS kernel, as well as code more traditionally termed middleware), andthe Application layer This approach can be implemented and used effectively in high performance systems In MILS, basic,general purpose security policies are enforced at lower levels by the Partitioning Kernel and middleware layer Enforcement

of these basic security policies permits the top layer to implement other, application-specific security policies-such asBell-LaPadula (BLP), Biba, Community of Interest, etc.-with confidence that the code that implements these policies will havethe characteristics of a reference monitor: Non-bypassable, Evaluatable, Always-invoked and Tmper-roof (NEAT) The ability

of these systems to transfer data at high speed is not compromised by a MILS design These concepts are extended to acollection of MILS nodes called an enclave The PCS (Partitioning Communication System) provides the high-assurancesecure communication between the MILS nodes in the enclave The PCS was designed with HPEC systems in mind The PCSincludes zero-copy semantics for secure communications Like the Partitioning Kernel, the PCS requires formal methods andmathematical models to assure correctness The presentation will describe the performance impact and optimizations of thePCS on HPEC environments

DTIC

Information Transfer; Safety; Security

20050173543 Kentucky Univ., Lexington, KY USA

The Manuscript Option Dissertation: Multiple Perspectives

De Jong, Marla J.; Moser, Debra K.; Hall, Lynne A.; Dake, Marcia A.; May 2005; 13 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): AD-A433038; AFIT-CI04-1065; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A03, Hardcopy

In the dissertation process, the doctoral candidate designs, conducts, and presents scholarly research that is intended togenerate new knowledge The traditional dissertation generally consists of several chapters, including an introduction, review

of literature, methods, results, and discussion, But far more dissertations remain unpublished than published This practicedoes a disservice to all who participated directly or indirectly in the research including the graduate, dissertation committeeand advisor, individuals or organizations and the funding agency An alternate format, the manuscript option dissertation, isbecoming more popular at universities throughout the USA and consists of a series of manuscripts that are either published

or ready for journal submission The University of Kentucky College of Nursing adopted the manuscript option for thedissertation in 2002, leaving the decision regarding that option versus a traditional dissertation open to the student and advisor.This paper describes our experience with the manuscript option dissertation from the perspectives of the program director, theadvisor, the doctoral candidate, and the journal editor Program Director’s Perspective

DTIC

Medical Science; Theses

83 ECONOMICS AND COST ANALYSIS

Includes cost effectiveness studies.

20050170513 Stanford Univ., Stanford, CA, USA

New Business Models for Standard and ASIC Products in the Semiconductor Industry: Competing on Cost and Time-to-Market

Akella, Ram; Kleinknecht, Jochen; Gillespie, Jaysen; Kim, Byunggyoo; Frederick, Al; 1998 IEEE/SEMI AdvancedSemiconductor Manufacturing Conference And Workshop; [1998], pp 190-196; In English; See also 20050170458;Copyright; Avail: Other Sources

Many semiconductor companies in the ASIC business struggle with the new competitive environment, which requiresbetter and better operational performance We detail ways of improving their current business model in order to become moreresponsive to customers’ orders and more profitable at the same time Based on a study of customer change order behavior,

we motivate why these companies should base their business and operations on unit volume and not on the degree ofstandardization of their products Furthermore, we suggest to device new contract schemes and introduce the concept ofdelayed product differentiation

Author

Industrial Management; Management Methods; Economic Factors; Commerce; Market Research

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88 SPACE SCIENCES (GENERAL)

Includes general research topics related to the natural space sciences For specific topics in space sciences see categories 89 through 93.

20050170974 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

Genesis: Removing Contamination from Sample Collectors

Lauer, H V.; McNamara, K M.; Westphal, Andrew; Butterworth, A L.; Burnett, D S.; Jurewicz, A.; Woolum, D.; Allton, J.H.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 12; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English; See also 20050170942; Original contains blackand white illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entireparent document

The Genesis mission returned to Earth on September 8, 2004, experiencing a non-nominal reentry The parachutes whichwere supposed to slow and stabilize the capsule throughout the return failed to deploy, causing the capsule to impact the desertfloor at a speed of nearly 200 MPH Both the science canister and the major components of the SRC were returned beforenightfall on September 8 to the prestaged cleanroom at UTTR , avoiding prolonged exposure or pending weather changeswhich might further contaminate the samples The majority of the contaminants introduced as a result of the anomalouslanding were in the form of particulates, including UTTR dust and soil, carbon-carbon heat shield material, and shatteredcollector dust (primarily silicon and germanium) Additional information is included in the original extended abstract.Author (revised)

Genesis Mission; Cleaning; Decontamination; Impact; Accidents; Accumulators; Samplers

89 ASTRONOMY

Includes observations of celestial bodies; astronomical instruments and techniques; radio, gamma-ray, x-ray, ultraviolet, and infrared astronomy; and astrometry.

20050169817 NASA Goddard Space Flight Center, Greenbelt, MD, USA

Dynamical Zodiacal Cloud Models Constrained by High Resolution Spectroscopy of the Zodiacal Light

Ipatov, S I.; Kutyrev, A S.; Madsen, G J.; Mather, J C.; Moseley, S H.; Reynolds, R J.; Lunar and Planetary ScienceXXXVI, Part 9; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English; See also 20050169816

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-12265; NSF AST-02-04973; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI onCD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document

We have developed a set of self-consistent dynamical models of the Zodiacal cloud, following the orbital evolution of dustparticles Three populations were considered, originating from the Kuiper belt, asteroids and comets Using the modelsdeveloped, we investigated how the solar spectrum is changed by scattering by the zodiacal cloud grains and compared theobtained spectra with the observations

Derived from text

Clouds (Meteorology); Zodiacal Light; Solar Spectra; Kuiper Belt; Dust

20050169859 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA

Progress in Horizontal and Slant-Path Imaging Using Specking Imaging

Carrano, C J.; Jan 30, 2003; 16 pp.; In English

Report No.(s): DE2004-15003385; UCRL-JC-150217-R1; No Copyright; Avail: Department of Energy Information BridgeThe difficulty in terrestrial imaging over long horizontal or slant paths is that atmospheric aberrations and distortionsreduce the resolution and contrast in images recorded at high resolution This paper will describe the problem ofhorizontal-path imaging, briefly cover various methods for imaging over horizontal paths and then describe the speckleimaging method actively being pursued at LLNL We will review some closer range (1-3 km range) imagery of people wehave already published, as well as show new results of vehicles we have obtained over longer slant-range paths greater than

20 km

NTIS

Atmospheric Turbulence; Imaging Techniques; Slopes

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20050170582 Michigan Univ., Ann Arbor, MI, USA

Implications of Internal Fragmentation on the Structure of Comets

Kadish, Jon; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 11; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English; See also 20050170551; Originalcontains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of theentire parent document

Visual observations of comet splittings support the view that comets are composed of cometesimals whose size scale isroughly an order of magnitude lower than that of the nucleus [1]; the most famous example of which is the disruption of cometShoemaker-Levy 9 during its close encounter with Jupiter However, it is shown that a monolith can become internallyfractured due to a perturbation in its stress field The resulting breakup can produce the fragmentation observed during thesplitting of comets

Derived from text

Shoemaker-Levy 9 Comet; Fragmentation; Perturbation; Visual Observation; Stress Distribution

20050170583 Academy of Sciences (Russia), Moscow, Russia

Radiation and Shock-Thermal Parameters of Pallasites: Resulting from Different Compaction History?

Kalinina, G V.; Kashkarov, L L.; Ivliev, A I.; Skripnik, A Ya.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 11; [2005]; 2 pp.;

In English; See also 20050170551; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): RFFI-04-05-64930; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only

as part of the entire parent document

In order to test cosmic radiation condition and shock-thermal history of the pallasites, four meteorites of this class wereselected for study Olivine crystals from the Brenham, Eagle Station, Marjalahti and Omolon were examined by the track andthermoluminescence (TL) methods The Brenham pallasite is unusual in the two main aspects: (1) Although this meteoritenominally classified as a pallasite, it has a solar type gases rich fraction [1] that was not observed in any other meteorites ofthis class (2) Olivine crystal microstructure of the Brenham, probably, reflects the process of brectiation

Derived from text

Olivine; Crystals; Cosmic Rays; Microstructure; Thermoluminescence; Meteorites

20050170593 NASA Johnson Space Center, Houston, TX, USA

GEMS Revealed: Spectrum Imaging of Aggregate Grains in Interplanetary Dust

Keller, L P.; Messenger, S.; Christoffersen, R.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 11; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English; Seealso 20050170551; Original contains color and black and white illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): RTOP 344-31-40-07; RTOP 624-13-AA; RTOP 344-31-72-08; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy;Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document

Anhydrous interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) of cometary origin contain abundant materials that formed in the earlysolar nebula These materials were transported outward and subsequently mixed with molecular cloud materials and presolargrains in the region where comets accreted [1] GEMS (glass with embedded metal and sulfides) grains are a major component

of these primitive anhydrous IDPs, along with crystalline Mg-rich silicates, Fe-Ni sulfides, carbonaceous material, and othertrace phases Some GEMS grains (~5%) are demonstrably presolar based on their oxygen isotopic compositions [2] However,most GEMS grains are isotopically solar and have bulk chemical compositions that are incompatible with inferredcompositions of interstellar dust, suggesting a solar system origin [3] An alternative hypothesis is that GEMS grains representhighly irradiated interstellar grains whose oxygen isotopic compositions were homogenized through processing in theinterstellar medium (ISM) [4] We have obtained the first quantitative X-ray maps (spectrum images) showing the distribution

of major and minor elements in individual GEMS grains Nanometer-scale chemical maps provide critical data required toevaluate the differing models regarding the origin of GEMS grains

Derived from text

Interplanetary Dust; Comets; Cosmic Dust; Glass; Embedding; Solar Nebula; Molecular Clouds; Imaging Techniques

20050170963 European Space Agency, Darmstadt, Germany

The Sun’s Dust Disk: Discovery Potential of the New Horizons Mission During Interplanetary Cruise

Landgraf, M.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 12; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English; See also 20050170942; Originalcontains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of theentire parent document

When the Pioneer 10 spacecraft entered the interplanetary space beyond Jupiter s orbit, it detected an almost constant flux

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of impacts by dust particles (Humes, 1980) larger than 10 m This was unexpected, as the dust from comets, which were theonly potential sources of dust known at the time, is believed to be less concentrated at larger heliocentric distances At the time,

an exotic distribution of cometary orbits had to be introduced in order to explain the Pioneer data Dust from outside the solarsystem can not explain the constant flux detected by the Pioneer experiments, because the interstellar flux of dust particleslarge enough to be detectable by the Pioneer instruments is at least an order of magnitude lower than the detected flux(Landgraf et al , 2000) The discovery of objects in the Edgeworth-Kuiper belt (EKB) (Jewitt & Luu, 1993) offered thepossibility for another dust source: The objects in the EKB should produce dust by mutual collisions and by collisions withinterstellar dust particles (Yamamoto & Mukai, 1998), forming a disk of dust around the Sun Modelling the evolution of theorbits of dust grains from the EKB Landgraf et al (2002) showed, that indeed the Pioneer data can only be explained by dustmigrating in from the EKB under the influence of the Poynting-Robertson drag

Derived from text

Cosmic Dust; Sun; Interstellar Matter; Pioneer 10 Space Probe; Poynting-Robertson Effect; Temporal Distribution; Comets; Interplanetary Space

20050170994 California Univ., Berkeley, CA, USA

December 27th Magnetar Event Observations by Mars Global Surveyor

Lillis, R J.; Brain, D A.; Halekas, J S.; Mitchell, D L.; Lin, R P.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 12; [2005];

1 pp.; In English; See also 20050170942; Original contains color illustrations; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy;Available from CASI on CD-ROM only as part of the entire parent document

At 21:30 UT on December 27th, 2004, the largest ever gamma ray burst was observed by a number of spacecraft,including SWIFT, WIND, GOES, RHESSI, and others At Mars, the Electron Reflectometer (ER) experiment onboard MarsGlobal Surveyor (MGS) also observed the event near 21:13 UT It was characterized by a very short intense spike of counts

at high energies, characteristic of penetrating radiation Twenty minutes later, an unusual response was observed in the Martianionosphere A significant enhancement was seen at low energies (\h500 eV), coincident with a dropout in flux at higherenergies (\g1 keV) We will present an overview of the event as observed by the MGS ER As more detailed spacecraftephemeris information becomes available, we will look in more detail at the time history, energy spectrum, and angulardistribution of the initial spike and the subsequent ionospheric response We will also compare the timing of the event withthat observed by spacecraft at Earth, and compare and contrast the ionospheric response with that at Earth Additioninformation is included in the original extended abstract

Author (revised)

Gamma Ray Bursts; Magnetars; Mars Global Surveyor

20050171023 Trevecca Nazarene Univ., Nashville, TN, USA

A Search for Transiting Neptune-Mass Extrasolar Planets in High-Precision Photometry of Solar-Type Stars

Henry, Stephen M.; Gillman, Amelie r.; Henry, Gregory W.; [2005]; 1 pp.; In English; NRI 2005, 10-14 Apr 2005, Boulder,

CO, USA

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NCC5-511; NSF HRD-97-06268; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only

Tennessee State University operates several automatic photometric telescopes (APTs) at Fairborn Observatory in southernArizona Four 0.8 m APTs have been dedicated to measuring subtle luminosity variations that accompany magnetic cycles insolar-type stars Over 1000 program and comparison stars have been observed every clear night in this program for up to 12years with a precision of approximately 0.0015 mag for a single observation We have developed a transit-search algorithm,based on fitting a computed transit template for each trial period, and have used it to search our photometric database fortransits of unknown companions Extensive simulations with the APT data have shown that we can reliably recover transitswith periods under 10 days as long as the transits have a depth of at least 0.0024 mag, or about 1.6 times the scatter in thephotometric observations Thus, due to our high photometric precision, we are sensitive to transits of possible short-periodNeptune-mass planets that likely would have escaped detection by current radial velocity techniques Our search of the APTdata sets for 1087 program and comparison stars revealed no new transiting planets However, the detection of severalunknown grazing eclipsing binaries from among our comparison stars, with eclipse depths of only a few millimags, illustratesthe success of our technique We have used this negative result to place limits on the frequency of Neptune-mass planets inclose orbits around solar-type stars in the Sun’s vicinity

Author

Extrasolar Planets; Planet Detection; Stellar Luminosity; Astronomical Photometry

Trang 29

20050173195 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA

Astrophysics of Reference Frame Tie Objects

Johnston, Kenneth J.; Boboltz, David; Fey, Alan L.; Gaume, Ralph A.; Zacharias, Norbert; Jan 2005; 4 pp.; In English;Original contains color illustrations

The Astrophysics of Reference Frame Tie Objects Key Science program will investigate the underlying physics of SIMgrid objects Extragalactic objects in the SIM grid will be used to tie the SIM reference frame to the quasi-inertial referenceframe defined by extragalactic objects and to remove any residual frame rotation with respect to the extragalactic frame Thecurrent realization of the extragalactic frame is the International Celestial Reference Frame (ICRF) The ICRF is defined bythe radio positions of 212 extragalactic objects and is the IAU sanctioned fundamental astronomical reference frame This keyproject will advance our knowledge of the physics of the objects which will make up the SIM grid, such as quasars andchromospherically active stars, and relates directly to the stability of the SIM reference frame The following questionsconcerning the physics of reference frame tie objects will be investigated

DTIC

Astrophysics; Coordinates

20050173326 Naval Observatory, Washington, DC USA

Long-Term Evolution of Orbits about a Precessing Oblate Planet: 1 The Case of Uniform Precession

Efroimsky, Michael; Aug 2004; 57 pp.; In English

It was believed until very recently that a near-equatorial satellite would always keep up with the planet’s equator (withoscillations in inclination, but without a secular drift) This misconception originated from a wrong interpretation of a(mathematically correct) result obtained in terms of non-osculating orbital elements A similar analysis carried out in thelanguage of osculating elements will endow the planetary equations with some extra terms caused by the planet’s obliquitychange Some of these terms will be nontrivial, in that they will not be amendments to the disturbing function Due to the extraterms, the variations of a planet’s obliquity may cause a secular drift of its satellite orbit inclination In this article we set outthe analytical formalism for our study of this drift We demonstrate that, in the case of uniform precession, the drift will beextremely slow, because the first-order terms responsible for the drift will be short-period and, thus, will have vanishing orbitalaverages, while the secular terms will be of the second order only However, it turns out that variations of the planetaryprecession make the first-order terms secular For example, the planetary nutations will resonate with the satellite’s orbitalfrequency and, thereby, may instigate a secular drift A detailed study of this process will be offered in the subsequentpublication, while here we work out the required mathematical formalism and point out the key aspects of the dynamics.DTIC

Orbits; Planets; Precession

90 ASTROPHYSICS

Includes cosmology; celestial mechanics; space plasmas; and interstellar and interplanetary gases and dust.

20050169562 Johns Hopkins Univ., Baltimore, MD, USA

FUSE Observations of QSOs behind Galaxy Clusters and of Galactic O VI Emission

Dixon, William V.; May 13, 2005; 2 pp.; In English

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GF06G; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy

We observed five quasars located behind clusters of galaxies with the goal of detecting resonant O VI absorption fromwarm (T approx 10(exp 6) K) gas in the clusters’ intracluster medium The presence of such warm gas is predicted bycosmological hydrodynamic simulations and is observationally supported by the detection of ‘soft excess’ emission in severalgalaxy clusters A second goal was the detection of diffuse O VI emission from warm gas in our own Galaxy

Author

Quasars; Galactic Clusters; Intergalactic Media; Absorption Spectra; Line Spectra; Oxygen Ions

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Molecular Hydrogen Fluorescence in IC 63

Andersson, B-G; [2005]; 2 pp.; In English

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NAG5-10380; No Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy

This grant has supported the acquisition, reduction and analysis of data targeting the structure and excitation of molecularhydrogen in the reflection nebula IC 63 and in particular the fluorescent emission seen in the UV In addition to manpowerfor analyzing the FUSE data, the grant supported the (attempted) acquisition of supporting ground-based data We proposedfor and received observing time for two sets of ground based, data; narrow band imaging ([S II], [O III) at KPNO (July 2002;Observer: Burgh) and imaging spectro-photometry of several of the near-infrared rotation-vibration lines of H2 at the IRTF(October 2003; Observer: Andersson) Unfortunately, both of these runs were failures, primarily because of bad weather, anddid not result in any useful data We combined the FUSE observations with rocket borne observations of the star responsiblefor exciting the H2 fluorescence in IC 63: gamma Cas, and with archival HUT observations of IC 63, covering thelong-wavelength part of the molecular hydrogen fluorescence

Derived from text

Fluorescence; Hydrogen; Molecular Gases; Nebulae

The FUV Flux Irradiating the Surfaces of Protostellar Disks

Andersson, B.-G.; May 17, 2005; 1 pp.; In English

Contract(s)/Grant(s): NNG04GH29G; No Copyright; Avail: Other Sources; Abstract Only

This grant was intended for, and has been used for, the support of the specialized CalFUSE data reduction required forthese non-standard observations The goal of the program was to search for FUV continuum radiation from T-Tauri stars,which would have affected the chemistry in the proto-planetary disk Because of the low flux expected, the standardbackground subtraction method would not be appropriate Rather on-chip background determination was expected to berequired

Derived from text

Protoplanetary Disks; Far Ultraviolet Radiation; Irradiation

20050169828 Lawrence Livermore National Lab., Livermore, CA, USA

Hard X-Ray Spectro-Microscopy Techniques at SSRL for Astromaterials Analysis

Ishii, H A.; Brennan, S.; Luening, K.; Pianetta, P.; Bradley, J P.; Lunar and Planetary Science XXXVI, Part 9; [2005]; 2 pp.;

In English; See also 20050169816; Original contains color illustrations

Contract(s)/Grant(s): W-7405-eng-48; Copyright; Avail: CASI;A01, Hardcopy; Available from CASI on CD-ROM only aspart of the entire parent document

Sample return missions allow the laboratory study of material from other parts of our solar system which until recentlywere accessible only by astronomical observation In January of 2006, NASA’s Stardust Mission will return to Earth withparticles captured in silica aerogel collected from the coma of Comet Wild-2 as well as fresh interstellar dust The primaryobjective of the mission is the collection of 1000 analyzable particles of diameter \g15 micron Estimates from on-boardinstrumentation indicate 3 times that number were collected Each of these femto- to nanogram particles is potentially aheavyweight in terms of scientific return Scientific and technical preparations for Stardust’s return have long been underwayvia analysis of analogues like interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) collected in the stratosphere and micrometeoroids captured

in low earth orbit in aerogel collectors (e.g the Orbital Debris Collector Experiment) To study such small volumes of materialnon-destructively, synchrotron radiation techniques have been used with increasing frequency These techniques includemicrodiffraction to determine mineralogy, X-Ray Fluorescence spectroscopy (XRF) to determine elemental compositions anddistributions, Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectrometry and Scanning Transmission X-ray Microscopy (STXM)combined with soft X-ray Absorption Near Edge Structure (XANES) spectroscopy at the C and O absorption thresholds tostudy the chemical environment of organic compounds and hard x-ray XANES to study chemical states of transition metalelements Of key importance in analysis of Stardust particles is a non-destructive means of extracting chemical information

on both major and trace elemental constituents We describe a collaborative effort at the Stanford Synchrotron RadiationLaboratory (SSRL) on beamline 6-2 to use micro-focus x-ray beams for the study of meteoritic and cometary materials.Additional information is included in the original extended abstract

Author

Microscopy; X Ray Spectroscopy; Interplanetary Dust; Laboratory Astrophysics; Chemical Composition; Chemical Analysis

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