WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ ngữ trong MĐQH.. WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong MĐQH.. —» I know the girl whom you spoke to.. *NOTE: mẹo làm bài Đứng sau đại từ quan hệ who
Trang 1TOPIC 10 – RELATIVE CLAUSE
A – THEORY
I WHO: thay thế cho người, làm chủ ngữ trong MĐQH
EX: - I need to meet the boy The boy is my friend's son
—» I need to meet the boy who is my friend's son
II WHOM: thay thế cho người, làm túc từ trong MĐQH
EX: - I know the girl You spoke to this girl
—» I know the girl whom you spoke to
*NOTE: (mẹo làm bài) Đứng sau đại từ quan hệ
who thường là một động từ, còn sau đại từ quan hệ whom thường là một danh từ làm chủ ngữ của 1 câu
III WHICH: thay thế cho vật, đồ vật Vừa làm chủ từ, vừa là túc từ trong MĐQH
EX: - She works for a company It makes cars
—» She works for a company which makes cars
IV WHERE: thay thế cho nơi chốn: there, at that place, Làm chủ từ, túc từ trong
MĐQH
EX: - The movie theater is the place We can see films at that place
—» The movie theater is the place where we can see the films
V WHOSE: thay thế cho sở hữu của người, vật ( his-, her-, its-, their-, our-, my-, -'s )
EX: - John found the cat Its leg was broken
—» John found the cat whose leg was broken
VI THAT: thay thế cho người, vật Làm chủ từ, túc từ trong MĐQH
EX: - I need to meet the boy that is my friend's son
- She has a car that is made in Japan
*NOTE: ( quan trọng, cần chú ý )
* Không được dùng that trong những trường hợp:
+ Mệnh đề quan hệ không đã xác định
EX: - Mary, ( who / that ) sits next to me, is good at maths
—» Mary, who sits next to me, is good at maths ( Không được dùng that )
+ Sau giới từ:
Trang 2EX: - The girl to ( whom / that ) I was talking yesterday is my sister
—» The girl to whom I was talking yesterday is my sister ( Không được dùng that )
* Bắt buộc dùng that trong những trường hợp:
+ Sau danh từ chỉ cả người lẫn vật:
EX: - I saw a lot of people and vehicles that were moving to the market
+ Sau những danh từ ở dạng so sánh nhất
EX: - Yesterday was one of the hottest days that I have ever known
+ Sau những cách nói mở đầu bằng ' It is/was '
EX: - It is the teacher that is important, not the kind of school he teaches in
+ Sau 'all, everybody, everything, nothing, nobody, '
EX: - Answer all the questions that I asked
VII WHY: thay thế cho cụm trạng từ chỉ lí do: for that reason
EX: - Tell me the reason You are so sad for that reason
—» Tell me the reason why you are so sad
VIII WHEN: thay thế cho cụm từ chỉ thời gian: then, at that time, on that day
EX:- Do youremember the day We fisrt met on that day
—» Do you remember the day when we fisrt met ?
*NOTE: ( bổ sung thêm )
- Ta có thể lược bỏ đại từ quan hệ whom, which khi nó là túc từ ( tân ngữ ) trong MĐQH chưa xác định, không được dùng với mệnh đề đã xác định
EX: - I know the boy whom you spoke to
—» I know the boy you spoke to
(Mệnh đề tính ngữ đã xác định có dùng dấu phẩy)
B – EXERCISE
I Connect two sentences using relative clause:
1 We spent our holiday in Scotland last year Scotland is in the north of Great Britain Last year we
2 People live in Scotland They are called Scots
The people
3 We first went to Edinburgh Edinburgh is the capital of Scotland
We first
Trang 34 Arthur Conan Doyle was born in Edinburgh He wrote the Sherlock Holmes stories Arthur Conan Doyle
5 Then we visited a lake It is in the Highlands
The lake
6 Loch Ness is 37 km long People know it for its friendly monster
Loch Ness
7 There we met an old man He told us that he had seen Nessie
An old man
8 We then traveled to a mountain The mountain is near the town of Fort William
We then
9 The mountain is the highest mountain in Great Britain It is called Ben Nevis The mountain
10 I sent you a postcard It was written on the summit of Ben Nevis
The postcard
II Choose the correct relative pronoun (who, which, whose)
1 This is the bank … was robbed yesterday
2 A boy … sister is in my class was in the bank at that time
3 The man … robbed the bank had two pistols
4 He wore a mask … made him look like Mickey Mouse
5 He came with a friend … waited outside in the car
6 The woman … gave him the money was young
7 The bag … contained the money was yellow
8 The people … were in the bank were very frightened
9 A man … mobile was ringing did not know what to do
10 A woman … daughter was crying tried to calm her
11 The car … the bank robbers escaped in was orange
12 The robber … mask was obviously too big didn't drive
13 The man … drove the car was nervous
14 He didn't wait at the traffic lights … were red
15 A police officer … car was parked at the next corner stopped and arrested them
III Relative clause is necessary or not?
Trang 41 A calendar is something which tells you the date
2 Strikers are soccer players who try to score goals for their team
3 Jane is a person who everybody likes
4 A stamp is something which you put on a letter if you want to send it
5 The Thames is a river which runs through London
6 Cheese is food which mice like eating
7 A racket is something which you use to hit a ball when you play tennis or badminton
8 Socks are things which you wear on your feet
9 A guide is a person who shows tourists around a place
10 Love is a feeling which nobody can describe
11 The book which is on the table belongs to Brandon
12 The museum which we visited last month is closed now
13 The man who you saw in the house is my cousin
14 Bob, who I know very well, is going out with Mary
15 I cannot forget the song which they played last night
16 The woman who is talking to Sue is my aunt
17 I cannot remember the hotel that we stayed at
18 Lucy, who I haven't seen for ages, rang me last night
19 A person that you don't trust won't trust you either
20 My father, whom I helped to install his computer, always forgets his password