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Question type: generalization Choice c is correct.. Question type: vocabulary Choice c is correct.. Question type: cause and effect Choice a is correct.. Question type: generalization Ch

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53 Question type: inference

Choice a is correct Lines 18–19 state that when the first migrating birds were spotted, the fur traders

and Native Americans “all joined in jubilant welcome to the newcomers.” Therefore it can be inferred that their relationship was a friendly one

54 Question type: detail

Choice f is correct There are many groups mentioned in association with the migrating birds, but line

34 (“bird investigations are made by the U.S Fish and Wildlife Service”) is where you will find the answer to this question

55 Question type: generalization

Choice c is correct Lines 43–44 explain that the role of the Survey was to collect data on migrating

birds before the Fish and Wildlife service was established

Choice j is correct Lines 22–24 state that birds ate the insects that were troublesome to farmers,

there-fore were not threats to the birds

57 Question type: vocabulary

Choice c is correct The preceding lines explain how the arrival of the birds signaled a change in season

and the start of celebrations, therefore even if you do not know the meaning of the word, you can assume that the imminence of spring, means that spring was soon to arrive

Choice h is correct Although the European fur traders appreciated the migrating birds, they did so

because they indicated the arrival of spring, and were around before the increasing population of North America referred to in lines 17–19

59 Question type: cause and effect

Choice a is correct Immediately preceding the following statement: “We soon realized that our

migra-tory bird resource was an international legacy” (lines 25–26) is a list of reasons people appreciated the migrating birds, and it does not include their being a source of food

Choice j is correct If you only read the beginning of the last paragraph, you might think the answer is choice g, but if you continue reading, you learn that many others help the Fish and Wildlife Service.

S YLVIA

Choice a is correct The first paragraph gives us the best clues as to Sylvia’s mood in the entire passage.

The fact that she has pulled the curtain and looked through the window is a good example of someone who is anxious

Choice h is correct With only the last sentence of the last paragraph, “Glancing at the birds and up

through the skylight at the limitless outdoors keeps her mild claustrophobia at bay,” we know that she

enjoys working in a space that feels open, making h the best answer.

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Choice a is correct When Sylvia looks out the window, what she sees makes her think of “conditions

that often precede a summer thunderstorm,” which she has always been afraid of Therefore, the best

answer is choice a, ominous.

Choice f is correct In lines 21–22 we learn that “that the idea of sharing the apartment has actually

begun to repel her” in addition, she is happy that most of the time at work she has the office to herself and that makes her happy With these two facts in mind, we can assume she does not like to be sur-rounded by people

Choice d is correct All we really know about the specifics of Sylvia’s job is that she is a typist at a natu-ral history museum We do not know if it requires “concentration and attention to detail,” so choice a

is not a good choice Her workplace is light and airy, but nothing in the passage suggests that Sylvia

wants for something better, in fact she is quite content with her job, making choice b a bad choice as

well Sylvia is happy that her boss is not often in the office, so we know that she unlikely to have a love

affair with him, and so choice c is not a good choice, either We do know that Sylvia does not like to be around other people, and the stuffed birds do go along with that personality trait, therefore choice d is

the best answer

Choice f is correct In lines 12–13, we learn that when Lola called, “the moment for saying the

apart-ment was no longer available slipped past,” meaning that she wanted to tell her but missed the

oppor-tunity, making f the best answer.

Choice c is correct In many cases, vocabulary questions will require you to give nonstandard

defini-tions, and this is a good example of such a case You probably know that the standard definition of exhausted is tired, but as it is used in the passage it means something else Sylvia refers to her trust fund as “exhausted” and since we know that she is taking a roommate because she is running out of

money, choice c is the best choice.

Choice g is correct It is true that Sylvia could not afford the rent, but this does not answer why she did not leave the house, but rather why she wanted a roommate Choice h is in fact the reason why Sylvia

wants to leave Lola was late for the appointment, so Sylvia believed that she could leave without being

rude, making choice j a bad choice Lines 19–20 answer the question by stating “if a storm comes, she

wants to be at home in her own place.”

Choice c is correct We know in this paragraph that Lola is late for the appointment she made with

Sylvia, and because Sylvia considers leaving instead of waiting patiently, the best answer is that she is irritated

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Choice h is correct This very first line states that Sylvia is looking out the window and relays what she

sees, therefore, it is her viewpoint.

U LYSSES S G RANT M EMOIRS

Choice b is correct We know that statement I is untrue because line 20 states “the people of the

North had no particular quarrel with slavery.” Immediately following, the same lines also disprove statement III

Choice f is correct Lines 19–28 establish the argument that rapid transit was a factor, and lines 20–22

show that the North’s unwillingness to legally support slavery Although some Northerners would agree with statement III, nowhere in the passage is this stated

73 Question type: main point

Choice b is correct The author agrees with the statement in line 3: “A state half slave and half free

can-not exist,” which essentially means the entire country must be for or against slavery

Choice h is correct The passage says that because of the Fugitive Slave Law, Northerners were required

to chase down runaway slaves Later in the passage it says that the North was “not willing to play the role of police for the South” (lines 21–22), therefore the best answer is that it forced the North to enforce laws it did not believe were right

Choice d is correct Because it is clear that the North did not approve of the Fugitive Slave Law, the

power they would be seeking would be to “remove” such laws from the books

Choice j is correct The answer to this question is found in line 13, simply put “they saw their power

waning, and this led them to encroach upon the prerogatives and independence of the Northern States

by enacting such laws as the Fugitive Slave Law.”

Choice b is correct Lines 31–33 have the answer to this question Be careful not to use any outside knowledge of the Civil War, in this case, choices a and d are in fact correct, but they are not discussed

in the paragraph mentioned

Choice f is correct The author describes the U.S as expanding in size, wealth and population in lines

43–44, and then line 45 claims Europe may think the United States would threaten their peace

Another way of saying this is that they are threatened by our unified strength

Choice a is correct Because Grant goes on to say that it “would part the moment the slightest strain

was brought upon it,” means that the only appropriate answer is weakly connected

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80 Question type: point of view

Choice h is correct In lines 40–41, Grant, in effect, says that we should “avoid war,” which makes choices g and j incorrect In lines 29–30, he says that we are better off after having the war, which makes choice f incorrect, and h the best choice.

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O v e r v i e w : A b o u t t h e A C T S c i e n c e R e a s o n i n g Te s t

The most important thing you should know about this test is that it is not a science test, but instead a rea-soning test Unlike tests that you may have taken in high school, the ACT Science Rearea-soning Test does not

assess your knowledge of a particular science topic Rather, it is designed to test your ability to understand and learn scientific material During this test, you will be asked this interpret, evaluate, analyze, draw con-clusions, and make predictions about the information presented to you In fact, whether the passage is about biology, chemistry, earth and space science, or physics will not matter You will be provided with all the infor-mation you need, right in the passage

Some science topics that you might already be familiar with include:

Biology

■ the structure of cells

■ molecular basis of heredity

■ biological evolution

■ interdependence of organisms

C H A P T E R

ACT Science Reasoning

Test Practice

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