wholly exception to the magic e- rule See ADDING ENDINGS ii.. Use these exemplar sentences as a guide: WHO'S been eating my porridge?. wife singular wives plural See PLURALS v.. wisdom e
Trang 1Divide into two sentences:
He is a writer I have admired him for years.
He is a writer WHOM I have admired for years.
whole
See HOLE OR WHOLE?
wholly
(exception to the magic e- rule)
See ADDING ENDINGS (ii).
who's or whose?
Use these exemplar sentences as a guide:
WHO'S been eating my porridge? (= who has) WHO'S coming to supper? (= who is)
WHOSE calculator is this? (= belonging to whom)
There's the girl WHOSE cat was killed.
wierd
Wrong spelling See WEIRD
wife (singular) wives (plural)
See PLURALS (v)
wilful
(not willful)
will
See SHALL OR WILL?.
wining or winning?
wine + ing = wining
win + ing = winning
See ADDING ENDINGS (i) and (ii).
wisdom
(exception to magic -e rule)
See ADDING ENDINGS (ii).
withhold
(not withold)
Trang 2wolf (singular) wolves (plural)
See PLURALS (v).
woman (singular) women (plural)
See PLURALS (vi).
wonder
See WANDER OR WONDER?.
won't
See CONTRACTIONS.
woollen
(not woolen)
worship
worshipped, worshipping, worshipper
(exception to 2-1-1 rule)
See ADDING ENDINGS (iv).
would
See SHOULD OR WOULD?.
wouldn't
Take care to place the apostrophe correctly.
would of
Incorrect construction.
See COULD OF.
wrapped
See RAPT OR WRAPPED?.
wreath or wreathe?
Use these exemplar sentences as a guide:
She lay a WREATH of lilies on his grave (= noun) Look at him WREATHED in cigarette smoke, (verb,
rhymes with 'seethed')
write
Use these sentences as a guide to tenses:
I WRITE to her every day.
215
Trang 3I AM WRITING a letter now.
I WROTE yesterday.
I have WRITTEN every day. writer
(not writter)
wry
wrier or wryer, wriest or wryest
wryly
(exception to the y- rule)
See ADDING ENDINGS (iii).
wryness
(exception to the -y rule)
See ADDING ENDINGS (iii).
Trang 4-y rule
See ADDINGS ENDINGS (iii).
See PLURALS (iii).
yacht
yield
See EI/IE SPELLING RULE.
yoghurt/youghourt/yougurt
All these spellings are correct
yoke or yolk?
Use these exemplar sentences as a guide:
The YOKE of the christening gown was beautifully
embroidered
The oxen were YOKED together.
She will eat only the YOLK of the egg.
your or you're?
Use these exemplar sentences as a guide:
YOUR essay is excellent (= belonging to you) YOU'RE joking! (= you are)
yours
This is YOURS.
No apostrophe needed!
217 Y
Trang 5zealous
zealously
Zimmer frame
zloty (singular) zloties or zlotys (plural) See PLURALS (iii).
zoological
zoology
Z
Trang 6APPENDIX A Literary terms
Here are a few of the most widely used literary devices You will probably be familiar with them in practice but perhaps cannot always put a name to them
alliteration the repetition of sounds at the beginning
of words and syllables
Around the rugged rocks the ragged rascals ran
climax
epigram a short pithy saying
Truth is never pure, and rarely simple (Oscar Wilde)
euphemism an indirect way of referring to distressing
or unpalatable facts
I've lost both my parents (= they've died) She's rather light-fingered (= she's a thief)
hyperbole exaggeration
Jack cut his knee rather badly and lost gallons of
blood
What's for lunch? I'm starving.
I loved Ophelia Forty thousand brothers
Could not, with all their quantity of love, Make up my sum (Shakespeare: 'Hamlet')
irony saying one thing while clearly meaning the
opposite
For Brutus is an honourable man (Shakespeare:
'Julius Caesar')
litotes understatement
He was not exactly polite (= very rude)
I am a citizen of no mean city (- St Paul
boasting about Tarsus and hence about himself)
metaphor a compressed comparison
219
I came; I saw; I conquered!