John didn’t celebrate a party until he received the offer of promotion in writing.. The earth receive less 2 ____ two – billionths of the sun’s total energy, yet it receives more energy
Trang 1Bµi «n tËp ng÷ ph¸p
Inversion
Exercise 1 Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning
1 A country cannot be prosperous if it is not quite independent
Only
2 The telephone rang right after he had left the room
Hardly _
3 He didn’t forget and neither did she
He remembered
4 She got down to writing the report as soon as she returned from her walk
No sooner _
5 The only thing that makes this job worthwhile is the money
Were _
6 John didn’t celebrate a party until he received the offer of promotion in writing
Not until _
7 Children learn a lot about how to behave in a situation like this
Only
8 I only recognized him when he came into the light
Not until _
9 Mary didn’t begin to read until she was eight
Not until _
10 It was only when the body was found that the police believed her
Not until _
11 Televisions provide news and entertainment
Not only _
12 We finished dinner and, a few moments later, Mrs John arrived on the doorstep
Hardly
13 Thanks to Laura’s support I was able to finish the project
Had it _
14 It wasn’t until all the guests had gone home that we could relax
Only
15 She didn’t shed a tear when the story ended in tragedy
Not
16 The workers only called off the strike after a new pay offer
Only _
17 Everyone started complaining the moment the announcement was made
No sooner _
18 She plays the piano brilliantly and she sings very well
Not only
19 You mustn’t leave here on any condition
On
20 All the students rushed to the notice board as soon as the exam results were put up
No sooner _
Comparison
Exercise 1 Complete the following passage by filling THAN or AS
The sun and the weather
Four main factors determine weather: temperature, pressure, humidity, and wind The sun, more (1) _ our own earth, has the greatest effect on these factors The earth receive less (2) two –
billionths of the sun’s total energy, yet it receives more energy in one minute (3) we can produce in
an entire year through power plants
The earth loses (4) much energy (5) _ it absorbs because of reflection from cloud tops, ice fields, and snow In addition, water vapour in our atmosphere shields the earth because it absorbs more energy (6) _ it allows to pass through When the water vapour absorbs more energy (7) it can hold,
it begin to condense and form clouds In this way, the cycle of rainfall begins again
The sun, then, ultimately causes all weather The sun determines why parts of Hawaii receive (8) _ much rain in one month (9) parts of Chile have got in sixty years
Trang 2Exercise 2 Complete the following passage by filling FEWER or LESS
1 Small towns generally have cars than large cities do
2 Small towns normally have _ pollution than large cities because they have traffic
3 In general, towns with _ factories have _ problems with pollution
4 Despite pollution, people continue to move to areas like southern California, which has bad weather than most parts of the country
5 Southern California gets _ inches of rain in one year than Vancouver, British Columbia, gets
in one month
6 Southern California has windy days than British Columbia does
7 Southern California has _ snow than British Columbia does
Exercise 3 Rewrite the sentences without changing their meaning
1 You think that fat people are always jolly, but you are wrong
Contrary
2 Italy is the country I’d like to visit most
I’d like to _
3 As Elton became more famous, it was more difficult for him to avoid newspaper reporters
The more _
4 Success in the academic field depends on your ability to amass qualifications
The more _
5 They were seasoned travellers, which we had not expected
Contrary
6 I can’t describe people as well as you can
You’re _
On
_Bài luyện ngữ pháp
5 – Gerund and Infinitive
Exercise 1 Chia động từ trong ngoặc ở dạng đúng
1 Helen should stop (1- criticise) people behind their backs Has she, I wonder , ever stopped (2 – think) _ what people must be saying about her in return?
2 If you say I sent Sheila and Ken an invitation to our party I suppose I must have, but I compeletely forget (3 – do) so
‘ You certainly did, because here it is; you gave it to me to hand on to them, but I forgot (4 – do) _ so’
3 I regret (5 – say) _ that Sheila didn’t get the headmistress’s post she applied for She now regrets (6 – apply) for it, because the application took up a lot of her time
4 Although I don’t like (7 – look after) Zena’s alligator she’s away I do so because I wouldn’t like Zena (8-think) I was afraid of it
5 The McArthurs’ elder daughter simply loves (9 – ski) and would clearly love nothing so much as (10 – turn) professional and (11 – become) an instructor
6 The world’s political and social problems have, quite honestly, ceased (12- interest) me I ceased (13 – try) to put the world in order soon after leaving university
7 ‘ Do you mean (14 – tell) me that Willie’s firm of architects didn’t accept that wonderful contract with the Town Hall?
‘ Yes, I do, because if they had it would have meant (15 – give up) an even better contract in New York’
8 It was getting dark and storm clouds were beginning (16 – form) _ when we eventually arrived at the mountain hut We’d begun (17 – think) we might have lost our way
9 Robert is putting on weight He says he can’t help (18 – eat) large meals however hard he tries
He hopes that the new football season may help him (19 – take) off a few pounds
10 You say you’ve tried (20 – stop) (21 – snore) but have failed Have you tried (22 – sleep) _ on your stomatch?
Exercise 2 Chọn đáp án đúng
1 Are you sure you told me? I don’t recall _ about it
Trang 3a having told b having been told c to have told d to have been told
2 Dan appears _ some weight Has he been ill?
a having lost b having been lost c to have lost d to have been lost
3 Tom made a bad mistake at work, but his boss didn’t fire him He’s lucky a second chance
a having given b having been given c to have given d to have been given
4 Dr Wilson is a brilliant and dedicated scientist who had expected to be selected as the director of the institute She was very surprised not _ the position
a having offered b having been offered c to have offered d to have been offered
5 By the time their baby arrives, the Johnsons hope _ painting and decorating the new nursery
a having finished b having been finished c to have finished d to have been finished
6 We would like _ to the president’s reception, but we weren’t
a having invited b having been invited c to have invited d to have been invited
7 The stockbroker denied _ of the secret business deal
a having informed b having been informed c to have informed d to have been informed
8 George mentioned _ in an accident as a child, but he never told us the details
a having injured b having been injured c to have injured d to have been injured
9 The Smiths wanted to give their son every advantage However, they now regret him by providing too many material possessions
a having spoiled b having been spoiled c to have spoiled d to have been spoiled
10 The spy admitted _ some highly secret information to enemy agents
a having given b having been given c to have given d to have been given