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These tools include the Hyper-V Administration console and Windows 2008 Server Manager that provide improved configuration and better auditing of servers through the isolation of roles a

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Managing, Administering, and

Maintaining a Hyper-V

Host Server

Becoming Familiar with the Hyper-V Administrative Console Managing Windows Server

2008 Remotely Managing Host Server, Virtual Switch, and Disk Settings Using Common Practices for Securing and Managing a Hyper-V Host Server Keeping Up with Service Packs and Updates

Backing up the Hyper-V Host and Guests

Managing Backups Using the Command-Line Utility Wbadmin.exe Maintaining Windows Server

2008 Hyper-V Systems Performing Management Tasks with Server Manager

Hyper-V host systems are the heart of an IT infrastructure

that supports several other virtual guest sessions running on

the hosts These host servers need to be managed and

main-tained to keep businesses application running optimally

Hyper-V host server management and maintenance help

maximize investment in infrastructure and productivity It

also keep the IT infrastructure running effectively and

effi-ciently to boost availability and reliability of the guest

sessions

Windows Server 2008 and Hyper-V bring many new tools

and features to help keep the servers managed and

main-tained These tools include the Hyper-V Administration

console and Windows 2008 Server Manager that provide

improved configuration and better auditing of servers

through the isolation of roles and features In addition,

they provide better remote management and a slew of other

capabilities

Server management entails many different tasks, including

administering and supervising servers based on functional

roles, proactively monitoring the network environment,

keeping track of activity, and implementing solid

change-control practices These management functions for

Windows 2008 and Hyper-V can be performed both locally

and remotely

As system workloads, capacities, and usage change in the

environment, Hyper-V host systems and guest sessions need

to be maintained so that they operate as efficiently as

possi-ble Without such maintenance, the systems become more

susceptible to causing slower response times and decreased

6 Managing, Administering, and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server

reliability Efforts to maintain those systems should be made periodically to avoid any

inefficiency This chapter covers best practices to maintain and manage a Windows 2008

environment

Becoming Familiar with the Hyper-V Administration

Console

After Hyper-V has been installed on a Windows 2008 host server, the Hyper-V

Administration console is added to the Administrative Tools on the server The Hyper-V

Administration console has several configuration options and settings available to be

configured that can be applied to a single guest session or applied to all guest sessions on

the server

Launching the Hyper-V Administration Console

To open the Hyper-V Administration console, there are two ways to access the

configura-tion opconfigura-tions One way is to the use the Server Manager tool and administer the host server

through Server Manager The other option is to launch the freestanding Microsoft

Management Console (MMC) to perform administrative tasks for the host system

NOTE

The functions and settings between the Server Manager console and the standalone

MMC application are the same Administrators who manage several server roles tend

to use the Server Manager console because they have access to more than just the

Virtualization role to manage They can also manage DNS, Terminal Services, Network

Policy Server, and other roles that might apply to their job For those who do nothing

but administer Windows virtualization systems, they might choose the freestanding

Hyper-V Administration console application for administering and managing just

Windows virtual server systems

Using the Server Manager Tool to Manage Hyper-V Systems

For administrators who want to manage their Hyper-V systems from a centralized

console, the Server Manager tool provides a common administrative interface for all the

server roles installed on a particular system To start the Server Manager tool to view and

edit Hyper-V settings, complete the following steps:

1 Click Start and then click Run

2 In the Run dialog box, enter ServerManager.msc, and click OK This will start the

Server Manager application if it is not already running on the system

3 Expand the Roles section of the tree by clicking the plus sign (+)

4 Expand the Hyper-V branch of the tree, and expand the Virtualization Services

branch of the tree, as shown in Figure 6.1

Using the Hyper-V MMC Tool to Manage Hyper-V Systems

Administrators who want to manage their Hyper-V systems from a dedicated console just

for Hyper-V administration should use the Hyper-V Administration tool To start the

Hyper-V Administration tool, follow these steps:

1 Click Start, All Programs, Administrative Tools, and then choose Hyper-V Manager

for the tool to launch

2 Click Microsoft Hyper-V Servers to see the virtual servers to which you are connected

3 Click the name of one of the virtual servers listed to see the virtual machines and

actions available for the confirmation of the server system By default, the Hyper-V

MMC will have the local virtual server system listed, as shown in Figure 6.2

FIGURE 6.1 Windows 2008 Server Manager console

FIGURE 6.2 Hyper-V Manager console

NOTE

If you want to run the Hyper-V Manager from a command line, you can enter the

following:

c:\Program Files\Hyper-V\vmconnect.exe

You can also launch the Hyper-V Manager and note a specific Hyper-V host server you

want to manage from the command line plus start monitoring a specific guest session

by entering the following:

c:\Program Files\Hyper-V\vmconnect.exe {hostname} “Guest Name”

In this case, {hostname} is the name of the Hyper-V host, and “Guest Name” (within

quotes) is the name of the guest session you want to launch to monitor

Connecting to a Different Virtual Server System

If you want to administer or manage a different virtual server system, you need to log on

and connect to another server To connect to a different virtual server, complete these

steps:

1 From within the Hyper-V Manager console, click the Microsoft Hyper-V Servers

option in the leftmost pane

6 Managing, Administering, and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server

3 Select Another Computer and either enter the name of the server and click OK or

click Browse to search Active Directory for the name of the server you want to

remotely monitor and administer

4 When the server appears in the Hyper-V Manager Console, click to select the server

to see the actions available for administering and managing that server

Managing Windows Server 2008 Remotely

Windows 2008’s built-in feature set allows it to be easily managed remotely This

capabil-ity eases administration time, expenses, and energy by allowing administrators to manage

systems from remote locations, instead of having to be physically at the system For

orga-nizations that deploy Hyper-V on Server Core that has no graphical user interface (GUI) to

install the Hyper-V Manager tool, the administration must be done remotely Remote

administration in this section covers both the process of remotely accessing a full Hyper-V

host server to take control of the Hyper-V host servers console session and the process of

remotely accessing a Hyper-V host server that does not have the administration tools

installed on the local host system

Remote Server Administration Tools

The remote server administration tools in Windows Server 2008 include a number of tools

to manage Windows 2008 remotely This set of tools replaced the Adminpack.msi set of

tools that shipped with earlier versions of Windows

There are different tools for the roles (see Table 6.1) and for the features (see Table 6.2)

TABLE 6.1 Remote Server Administration Tools for Roles

Active Directory Certificate Services

tools

Active Directory Certificate Services tools include the Certification Authority, Certificate Templates, Enterprise PKI, and Online Responder Management snap-ins

Active Directory Domain Services (AD

DS) tools

Active Directory Domain Services tools include Active Directory Users and Computers, Active Directory Domains and Trusts, Active Directory Sites and Services, and other snap-ins and command-line tools for remotely managing Active Directory Domain Services

6 Managing, Administering, and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server

TABLE 6.1 Remote Server Administration Tools for Roles

Active Directory Lightweight Directory

Services (AD LDS) tools

Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services tools include Active Directory Sites and Services, ADSI Edit, Schema Manager, and other snap-ins and command-line tools for managing Active Directory Lightweight Directory Services

Active Directory Rights Management

Services (AD RMS) tools

Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) tools include the Active Directory Rights Management Services (AD RMS) snap-in

DHCP Server tools DHCP Server tools include the DHCP snap-in

DNS Server tools DNS Server tools include the DNS Manager snap-in

and dnscmd.exe command-line tool

Fax Server tools Fax Server tools include the Fax Service Manager

snap-in

File Services tools File Services tools include Distributed File System

tools, File Server Resource Manager tools, and Services for Network File System tools

Distributed File System tools include the DFS Management snap-in, and the dfsradmin.exe, dfscmd.exe, dfsdiag.exe, and dfsutil.exe command-line tools

File Server Resource Manager tools includes the File Server Resource Manager snap-in, and the file-scrn.exe and storrept.exe command-line tools

Services for Network File System tools includes the Network File System snap-in and the nfsad-min.exe, showmount.exe, and rpcinfo.exe command-line tools

Hyper-V Server tools Hyper-V Server tools is the component that allows

a system to log on and access a Hyper-V host server for the purpose of administering and manag-ing the host server for both host and guest session configuration

Network Policy and Access Services

tools

Network Policy and Access Services tools include the Routing and Remote Access and Health Registration Authority snap-ins

Print Services tools Print Services tools include the Print Management

snap-in

The tools are installed as a feature You can install all the tools or only the specific ones

that you need Even if the Hyper-V Server role is not installed on a server system, you can

still install the Hyper-V Server tool to remotely manage a remote Hyper-V host This

TABLE 6.1 Remote Server Administration Tools for Roles

Terminal Services tools Terminal Services tools include the TS RemoteApp

Manager, TS Gateway Manager, and TS Licensing Manager snap-ins

Universal Description, Discovery, and

Integration (UDDI) Services tools

UDDI Services tools include the UDDI Services snap-in

Web Server (IIS) tools Web Server (IIS) tools include the Internet

Information Services (IIS) 6.0 Manager and IIS Manager snap-ins

Windows Deployment Services tools Windows Deployment Services tools include the

Windows Deployment Services snap-in, wdsutil.exe command-line tool, and Remote Install extension for the Active Directory Users and Computers snap-in

TABLE 6.2 Remote Server Administration Tools for Features

BitLocker Drive

Encryption tools

BitLocker Drive Encryption tools include the manage-bde.wsf script

BITS Server

Extensions tools

BITS Server Extensions tools include the Internet Information Services (IIS) 6.0 Manager and IIS Manager snap-ins

Failover Clustering

tools

Failover Clustering tools include the Failover Cluster Manager snap-in and the cluster.exe command-line tool

Network Load

Balancing tools

Network Load Balancing tools include the Network Load Balancing Manager snap-in and the nlb.exe and wlbs.exe command-line tools

SMTP Server tools SMTP Server tools include the Internet Information Services (IIS)

6.0 Manager snap-in

WINS Server tools Windows Internet Naming Service (WINS) Server tools include the

WINS snap-in

6 Managing, Administering, and Maintaining a Hyper-V Host Server

allows an administrator to load up the various administrative tools on a single system and

manage several different host systems from a central location

To install the remote server administration tools, follow these steps:

1 Launch Server Manager

2 Select the Features folder

3 Click the Add Features link

4 Locate the Remote Server Administration Tools feature

5 Select the desired tools (such as the Hyper-V tools), as shown in Figure 6.3

6 Click Next to accept the selected tools

7 Click Install to install the selected tools

8 Click Close to exit the wizard

9 Close the Server Manager window

FIGURE 6.3 Installing the Hyper-V tools

After the tools are installed, you can manage remote computers by selecting the Connect

to Another Computer command from the Action menu This tool can be used to remotely

administer a Hyper-V host even if the Hyper-V does not have the administrative tools

loaded on the system itself, such as in the case of a Hyper-V host running on Windows

2008 Server Core

Remote Desktop

A common method to remotely access a host system has been to use Windows Terminal

Services, which effectively enables an administrator to take control of the keyboard and

mouse of a remote system and perform tasks just as if the administrator were on the

remote system Unlike running the Remote Server Administration tool that enables an

administrator to manage a host system that may not have the Administration tool on the

host server itself (for example, Server Core), Terminal Services takes control of the host

system and thus all administration tools need to be on the host system being accessed

With Windows Server 2008, although Microsoft still provides Terminal Services as a add-in

to the server for remote access, they have enhanced Remote Desktop on server systems for

remote administration and management Instead of installing the full Terminal Services

server role that is intended to provide many users access to a single host server for thin

client application and desktop virtualization, the Remote Desktop uses the same security

and technology, but is focused at allowing an administrator to take control of the console

of the host system This drastically minimizes the overhead of the host system because it

does not need a licensing server to track guest session connections, and it doesn’t need to

load up application publishing components or gateway components Remote Desktop

merely enables an administrator to remotely take control of the console of a host system

To install Remote Desktop on a host server, complete the following steps:

1 Launch Server Manager

2 Click the Server Manager (hostname) in the leftmost pane

3 In the Server Summary section under Computer Information in the rightmost pane,

there is a Configure Remote Desktop option on the far right of the screen Click

that option

4 On the System Properties page that displays, click the Remote tab

5 Choose the Allow Connections Only from Computers Running Remote Desktop

with Network Level Authentication (More Secure), as shown in Figure 6.4

6 You will get a warning that notes that a Firewall exception will need to be enabled

on the server to allow remote access to this host system Click OK

7 Click OK when prompted The server is now configured for remote desktop access