e Sentence stress Listen to the minimal pair sentences again and underline the two strongly stressed words in each sentence on page 136.. Record your voice to compare your intonation and
Trang 1U N | T 5 8 lv l v a n l l 7 ' - a l pair w o r d s
a Listen and repeat the words Then Iisten and repeat
b You will hear five words from each minimal pair For each word, write I for /b/ (sound I) or 2 for lvl (sound 2)
E X A M P L E P a i r I : I , 2 , 1 , 2 , I
' -al oair sentences
c Listen to the minimal pair sentences
d Listen to six of the sentences and write I for lbl (sound l) or 2 for lvl (sound 2)
e Sentence stress
Listen to the minimal pair sentences again and underline the two strongly stressed words in each sentence (on page 136)
f Tick the words a), b) or c) that you hear in the sentences
r a) lift I b) Iived tr
2 a)half I b) halve tr
3 a) fast tr b) vast I
4 a) boat I b) vote tr
5 a) bolts I b) volts tr
6a) safe I b) save tr
: - alogueA
I a First practise the target sound /v/ in some of the words from the dialogue Read the words aloud or visit the website to practise
view lived five of have love village valley very Vander lovely Victor living arrived Vivienne
b lntonation in statements
Intonation usually goes down at the end of a statement Listen to the intonation in this dialogue Then practise reading it aloud Record your voice to compare your intonation and production of the target sound with the recording
i - : VleW
vrvtENNE: Has the Vander family lived here for very lgng, Victor?
VtCToR: Five and a half yea,ls, Vivienne We arived on the first of February vlvlENNE: What a lcruely view you have!
VICTOR: Y€s lt's fabulous
vtvtENNE: Lookl You can see the vil,lage down in the ya{ey
vlCTOR: Yes We just lsve living here because of the view
Trang 21,!!Q unq 58 /r,'/ van
4 Stress ancl intonation
czz a Listen to this description and draw a down arrow on the last strong stress in each sentence Check your answers and then practise reading the description aloud Record your voice to compare your production o, the target sound with the recording
This is a photograph of a fat farmer arriving at a village
The village is in a valley
The farmer's driving a van
It's the seventeenth of November
It's a fine day but it's very cold
Some of the leaves have fallen from the vine in the foreground of the photograph
Remember that intonation often goes down at the end of statements, short answers, WH questions, questions with 'or'
Match these questions and answers, and draw down arrows on the last strong stress
EXAMPLE \&ihat month is it in this phOtograph? NoVember
2 How many leaves have fallen from the vine?
3 V\here do the villagers live?
4 Is the van leaving or alriving?
A r r i r r i n o
Five
In the valler
5 In the foreground of the plfOtograph, is it a vine or a fir tree? Four
6 Near the village are there four or five fir trees? The farmer c73 Listen to check your answers, then practise saying the questions and answers
5 S p e l l i n g
Look back over this unit at words with the target sound, and write what you noticed about how to spell the sound /v/
Trang 3r 5 9
at do you want for your birthday?
atever you want to give me
" atch? A u'allet? um A wig? A n'etsuit? A w'elcome
:- ::? er A woolly vest? Some wine? A grape vine?
atever
.€
b-'
@r
-:'get sound /wi
- , a First practise the sound /v/ (see page
135) Listen and repeat
b Make your lips round and hard to
make the short target sound /w/
Listen and repeat
c Listen and repeat the two sounds:
l v l a n d l w l
\ i -, -, z - <
_ -
) l
t
- - - - \ , ' i
' n i m a l p a i r s
Sound I Sound 2
I
?
e'
J E
vest west
vet wet
vtne This is my best vine.
wtne This is my best wine.
veil whale
-ral pair words
- a Listen and repeat the words
, b You will hear five words from each minimal pair For each word, write for /v/ (sound l) or 2 for lwl (sound 2)
E X A M P L E P a i r 1 : I , l , 1 , 2 , 2
Trang 4140 UNIT 59 /w/ window
Minimal pair sentences
I)4a c Listen to the minimal pair sentences
pan d Listen to five of the sentences and write I for /v/ (sound l) or 2 for lwl (sound 2)
D4a e Sentence stress
Listen to the minimal pair sentences again and underline the two strongly stressed words in each sentence (on page 139)
EXAMPLE This is my best vine
Ds f Tick the words a) or b) that you hear in the sentences
r a) vine I b) wine I
2 a ) Y I b ) w e
3 a) veal I b) wheel
5 a ) v e i l s tr b ) w h a l e s !
5 Dialogue
$ a first practise the target sound /w/ in words from the dialogue below
- Read the words aloud or visit the website to practise
well what wet walk warm with white wine went
walked woods wild sweet William Wednesday wasn't
wearing walnut railway quiet quickly twenty squirrels wonderful Winona afterwards
uc b Sentence stress
Listen to the dialogue, paying attention to the target sound Then read the dialogue and guess which words are strongly stressed in each sentence The number in brackets tells you how many words will be strongly stressed in that line The first line has been done as an exampi
A walk in the woods.
VIRGINIA: (2) | saw William again on Wednesday, Winona
W I N o N A : ( 4 ) Oh? W i l l i a m a g a i n (Winono loughs.) Well, what happenec-VIRCINIA: (a) We went for a lovely walk in the woods
wINONA: (6) Oh? In the wet? Wasn't it very wet on Wednesday?
VIRCINIA: (6) lt wos very cold and wet But we were wearing very warm clotf =
(a) and we walked quickly to keep warm
WINoNA: (6) ls that the woods next to the railway? lt's not very quiet
VlRclNlA: (6) Yes But further away from the railway it was very quiet
(a) and there were wild squirrels everywhere We counted (2) twenty squirrels
WINONA: (5) Twenty squinels? And what did you do for lunch?
(2) A picnic with the squirrels?
tr
T
Trang 5UNIT 59 lu'l window 141
VIRCINIA: (5) lt was too wet Afterwards we went to a restaurant lt was
(6) wvelve o'clock We had walnut cake and sweet white wine ( I ) lt was wonderful
w I N O N A : ( 3 ) So? W i l l i a m a g a i n W e l l ?
VIR6tNtA: (l) Well? (Virginio ond Winono lough.)
c Check your answers by listening to the dialogue again Then check in the key
d Practise reading the dialogue aloud Record your voice to compare your production of the sentence stress and the target sound with the
recording
" - - - : s s a n d in t o n a t i o n
a Intonation usually goes down at the end of WH questions and short answers
EXAMPLE
\Mhere was it ouiet? In the woods
Match the answers (a-h) to the questions (l-B) about the dialogue Then Iisten to check and repeat
5 \Mhy did they walk quickly? e TWelve o'clock
6 \^Ihat did they eat for lunch? f Went for a walk
7 \Mhat time did they have lunch? g Walnut cake
8 \A/hat did William and Virginia do on Wednesday? h Sweet white wine Practise reading the questions and answers aloud Record your voice to compare your production of the intonation with the recording
b lntonation: old information/new information
Notice that intonation in I4lH questions can change when we are talking about old information, e.g the first time we ask somebody's name, we ask: '\A4rat's your name?' This is new information But if I then forget the name and ask again, I ask: 'What's your name?' because I am asking about old information that has already been given The intonation goes
up to show that this is something we have already shared
Listen to Winona, later in the day, askingVirginia some questions about information they had shared
\A/here were the squirrels exaeltly?
\dhat time did you say you had lunch?
\Mhy did you walk quickly?
Trang 6142 uNlT 59 /rr i rvindorv
This is all old information that Virginia and Winona had already shared
so the intonation goes up
Now listen to Winona asking for new information
\A/hat did you both talk about?
\Mhen did you arrange the meeting?
Listen and mark whether these questions are old information or new information The first two have been done as examples
Mhat did you say you drank? old informotion
2 \Mhat colour did you wear? new informotion
3 What did Victor say?
a Why did you walk quickly?
5 What did Victor wear?
6 lVhere did you go with Victor?
ru' c Linking /w/
The sound /w/ is used in rapid spoken English to link other sounds TI , sound /w/ Iinks words ending in /u/ or lol , e.g who, you, how, go, hel when the next word begins with a vowel Listen to the examples then listen to six short interactions where this linking happens Mark where you could hear linking lw I in l-6 below
tltrh
ExAMPLES *nl*lr,
l w l
t;
I A: Hello, everybody! How are you? B: Hello, Emma Oh I'm OK nou
I had the flu and felt terrible
2 A: \Mho isn't here? B: Joe isn't A few others aren't
3 A: Is Sue OK? Anybody know B: I don't know if Sue is off with
4 A: How do I get to a garage? B: You go under a bridge and
through a village
5 A: Do you understand? B: No, I don't really
6 A: Oh, it's so unfair! You always B: Grow up!
get two ice creams!
Check your answers in the key Then practise the interactions with a partner Record your voices to compare your production of linking /tt with the recording
Look back over this unit at words with the target sound, and write what you noticed about how to spell the sound /w/
5 Spelling
Trang 7i[I/j/vellow
- Did 1'ou use to use a computer when you
were vounger?
- No.When I was y'oung there didn't use to be any
computers I just used to play with ayo-vo um
I haven't played with a yo-yo for years er
HaveT,ou got ayo-yo?
- No, just a computer
I Target sound ljl
Lrna a First practise the sound /ill (see page
3) Listen and repeat
ur.rH b To make the target sound /j /, begin to
make the sound /irl but very quickly
move your tongue to make the next
sound Do not touch the roof ofyour
mouth with your tongue or you will
make another sound like /d3l(see
page 124) Listen and repeat
nroc c Listen and repeat both sounds: ld3l and ljl
2 M i n i m a l p a i r s
i)
_
v
-t
f r i
v o t c e
{r:I*,
g
tG.!| ^
g ' r ! J -
3:&16* U
-S o u n d I Irl:t joke
jam
W o u l d y o u li k e j a m ?
fess
jeers
juice use
Sound 2 tjt
yolk
yam
W o u l d y o u like y a m ?
love you.
years
@:,
'/
yes
Vec I
yolk.