Optional: If you have a stylus and tablet, you can activate the Tablet Pressure Controls Opacity button and/or the Tablet Pressure Controls Size button on the Options bar.★ Optional: If
Trang 1By dragging with the Clone Stamp tool, you can
clone all or part of an image from one layer to
another in the same document or between
docu-ments This tool is useful for creative montaging,
commercial retouching, and video editing The Clone
Source panel lets you keep track of up to five
differ-ent source documdiffer-ents (represdiffer-ented by a row of
but-tons at the top of the panel); reassign new sources;
clone repeatedly from the same source; and
trans-form the source pixels before or as you clone them
To use the Clone Stamp tool and the Clone
Source panel:
1 Open one or more RGB documents to be used
as source imagery, and create or open a target
document
2 Choose the Clone Stamp tool (S or Shift-S)
From the Options bar, choose a Soft Round
brush, a Mode, an Opacity of 100% (to start
with), and a Flow percentage, and check Aligned
Optional: If you have a stylus and tablet, you
can activate the Tablet Pressure Controls Opacity
button and/or the Tablet Pressure Controls
Size button on the Options bar.★
Optional: If the source file contains adjustment
layers and you want the Clone Stamp tool to
ignore their effects when sampling, activate the
Ignore Adjustment Layers When Cloning
button
3 Display the Clone Source panel A By default,
the first source button is selected Check Show
Overlay and Auto Hide, then set the Opacity to
around 35–50% so you’ll be able to preview the
source as an overlay (a faint version of the source
layer) If you want the overlay to display only
within the brush cursor, check Clipped.
4. In the target document, create a new blank layer
5 Click the source document tab From the Sample
menu on the Options bar, choose which part of
the document is to be cloned: Current Layer,
Current & Below, or All Layers For either of the
first two options, also click a layer
6. Alt-click/Option-click an area in the image to set
the source point.B The source file and layer will
be assigned to, and will be listed below, the first
source button on the Clone Source panel
7 Click the target document tab.
8 To position the clone, move the pointer over the
image without clicking Adjust the tool diameter
by pressing [ or ], then start dragging to make the cloned pixels appear (A, next page) The overlay will disappear temporarily (because you checked Auto Hide), then will reappear when you release the mouse (For other ways to transform the overlay, see the next page.)
9 To clone from another document, click the
second source button at the top of the Clone Source panel, then repeat steps 4–8 Or to switch
to a different clone source, click its button
Beware! The Clone Source panel keeps the links
active only while the source documents are open
If you close a source document, its link to the Clone Source panel is broken!
➤ To use the Clone Stamp tool to retouch imagery within the same document, see pages 276–277
B With the Clone Stamp tool, we Alt-click/Option-click
in a source document.
A Using the Clone Source panel, you can transform the clone overlay and switch between multiple sources.
Using the Clone Stamp tool and the Clone Source panel
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Once you start cloning with the Clone Stamp tool, the position and orientation of the source overlay becomes fixed Well…not permanently You can repo-sition, scale, flip, or rotate it by changing values on the Clone Source panel or by using keyboard short-cuts before you resume cloning Note: The new values will apply only to the currently selected source
To reposition, scale, flip, or rotate the clone source overlay:
With the Clone Stamp tool selected and an overlay displaying in your document, do any of the following (if you use the Clone Source panel, you can use the scrubby sliders):
To reposition the source overlay, change the
Offset X and/or Y values on the panel;or Alt-Shift-drag/Option-Shift-drag the overlay
To scale the source overlay, change the W or H
values on the panel; or hold down Alt-Shift/
Option-Shift and press (and keep pressing) [ or ]
Activate the Maintain Aspect Ratio button to preserve the current aspect ratio as you change the W or H value Try not to scale the source more than 120 or –120%
To flip the source, click the Flip Horizontal and/or Flip Vertical button B ★
To rotate the overlay, change the Rotate value,
or hold down Alt-Shift/Option-Shift and press (and keep pressing) < or > Drag to clone at the chosen angle
➤ To restore the default scale, flip, and rotation values to the current clone source, click the Reset Transform button
➤ To display the Clone Source panel when the Clone Stamp tool is selected, click the Toggle Clone Source panel button on the Options bar
A We’re dragging with the Clone Stamp tool on a new blank
layer in our target document to brush in some pixels from
the source document.
B This time, before we began cloning the bottle, we clicked
the Flip Horizontal button on the Clone Source panel and
changed the Offset values (see the panel at right).
Trang 3
Using the Photomerge command
The Photomerge command combines two or more
photos of the same scene into a single panoramic
image It creates a layer from each photo and adds
a layer mask to each one to control the transitions
between them Photoshop does the work for you!
To merge photos into one document via the
Photomerge command:
1 In Bridge, arrange the photos in the correct
sequence for the panorama (this will help
Photomerge work faster), then multiple-select
them PSD files are processed more quickly than
raw files
2 Choose Tools > Photoshop > Photomerge The
Photomerge dialog opens.A
3 Click a Layout option: Auto (Photoshop picks
the best layout), Perspective, Cylindrical,
Spherical (best for a 360° panorama), Collage
(photos are combined by stretching and
rotat-ing), or Reposition (no stretching or rotating
occurs) (A–C, next page) Unfortunately, the
layout can’t be previewed
SHOOTING PHOTOS FOR
A PANORAMA
To get good results from the
Photomerge command, Adobe makes the
following recommendations:
➤ For the most precise alignment
among multiple photos, and to help
prevent distortion, use a tripod and
shoot all the photos from the exact
same spot, in the sequence needed for
the panorama
➤ Choose the same focal length
(zoom) setting for all the photos
shot to the next by approximately 40%
➤ For optimal results, choose the
same exposure or aperture setting for
all the shots You don’t have to fuss
over matching the exposures perfectly,
because as Photomerge processes
the fi les, it will even out exposure
discrepancies
A Choose a Layout and correction options in the Photomerge dialog.
4 Check any of the following correction options,
if they’re available for your Layout choice:
Blend Images Together uses color matching
and layer masks to create seamless transitions between the photos By default, this option is checked for all the Layout options
Vignette Removal lightens any dark areas that
the camera lens produced around the perimeter
of the photos
Geometric Distortion Correction corrects lens
distortion, such as pincushioning (pinching), barreling (bulging), or extreme wide angles
5 Click OK, then sit back while Photoshop opens
the source files, aligns and blends them into a panorama, and opens a new document onscreen
6. To eliminate any unwanted transparent areas from the edges, use the Crop tool
7 Save the new document.
➤ The Tools > Photoshop > Process Collections in Photoshop command (in Bridge) locates a series
of photos within the current folder that contain similar exposure settings and capture times, creates a panorama, saves the file to the current folder in the PSD format, then closes it
Trang 4
THREE OF THE LAYOUT OPTIONS IN PHOTOMERGE
A The Perspective Layout option
in Photomerge shrank the images
in the center to add depth but also produced some distortion on the left side (flattened the roadway) This option would be better suited for creating a narrower panorama from just two photos, preferably ones that don’t show obvious lens distortion
B The Cylindrical option enlarged the images at the center This option is good for a wide panorama like this one (a panorama made from three or more photos).
C The Reposition Only option simply places the images in a row without transforming them For our photos, this option produced results similar to the Cylindrical option, except here the horizon became slightly arched in the center.
We chose these three source photos for our panorama.
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Using Smart Guides, ruler guides,
and the grid
Sometimes successful composite images come
together in a serendipitous way without a lot of
forethought or careful alignment At other times,
you may need to plan ahead or position objects more
precisely — perhaps if your Photoshop image needs
to fit perfectly within the confines of a Web or print
page layout To accomplish this, such layout features
as grids, rulers, and guides come in handy
Our favorite precision alignment feature in
Photoshop is Smart Guides If this feature is on and
you move an item (such as an image or type layer)
in a multilayer document, temporary guide lines will
appear onscreen when it nears the top, middle, or
bottom of another layer
To use Smart Guides while moving a layer:
1 Make sure both the View > Extras and View >
Show > Smart Guides commands have check
marks
2 Click a layer in a multilayer document
3 With the Move tool (V), drag the layer
Magenta (the default color) lines will appear
when the layer nears the top, middle, or bottom
of imagery or type on other layers.A–B Let the
layer snap to a guide or to a pair of intersecting
guides
➤ In the Guides, Grid & Slices panel of the Edit/
Photoshop > Preferences dialog, you can change
the color of guides, Smart Guides, and the grid,
and choose other related options (see page
394) Your preference settings will apply to all
Photoshop documents
A With the help of a Smart Guide, we are aligning the top of the blue butterfly layer to the top of the yellow butterfly layer.
B Here, we are aligning the bottom of the blue butterfly layer to the center of the yellow butterfly layer.
VIEWING EXTRAS
The View > Extras command (Ctrl-H/Cmd-H) shows or
hides whichever features are currently enabled on the
View > Show submenu Among the Show submenu
features that you can show and hide are Layer Edges,
Selection Edges, the Grid, (ruler) Guides, and Smart
Guides These choices affect the current document
and any documents that you subsequently open
Mac OS users: If a dialog opens when you choose the
Extras command for the fi rst time, see the fi rst tip
on page 158
Trang 6
The rulers display on the top and left sides of the
document window They are useful for positioning
objects (as we show you in this task) and for creating
guides (as in the next task)
To show or hide the rulers:
Do either of the following:
Choose Show Rulers from the View Extras
menu on the Application bar (and make sure
Show Guides is also checked)
Choose View > Rulers or press Ctrl-R/Cmd-R
The current location of the pointer on the image
is indicated by a dotted marker on each ruler
Move the pointer, and you’ll see what we mean If
you drag a layer with the Move tool, you can note
its position using the markers on the rulers.A
➤ To change the units for both rulers quickly,
right-click either ruler and choose a unit from the
con-text menu Or to get to the Units & Rulers panel
in the Preferences dialog quickly, where you can
also change the units, double-click either ruler
➤ To change the ruler origin (to measure distances
from a specific location), starting from the upper
left corner where the two rulers meet, drag
diagonally into the image.To restore the default
origin, double-click in the upper left corner
You can place ruler guides where you need them and
remove them individually at any time Like Smart
Guides, they have magnetism (see “To use the Snap
To feature” on the next page), but unlike Smart
Guides, they linger onscreen and save with your file
To create ruler guides:
Show the rulers, then drag from the horizontal or
vertical ruler into the image,B–C releasing the
mouse where you want the guide to appear
As you create guides, you can do the following:
Snap a guide to a selection, to the edge of
imag-ery on a selected layer, or to the grid, if displayed
(see the next page)
Make sure View > Snap is checked, then
Shift-drag slowly to snap a guide to a ruler increment
➤ You can move any existing guide with the Move
tool (the pointer becomes a double arrow),
pro-vided the guides aren’t locked (see the next page)
➤ Alt-drag/Option-drag as you create a guide to
switch its orientation from vertical to horizontal,
or vice versa
A As we move a layer, the current location of the pointer is indicated by a dotted line on each ruler.
B To create a guide, we are dragging downward from the horizontal ruler
C We snapped the new guide to the top edge of the butterfly layer (Via the Guides, Grid & Slices panel of the Preferences dialog, we changed the color of our guides to light red.)
Trang 7
The grid is a nonprinting framework that you can snap a layer or selection to It can be displayed or hidden as needed, and can be turned on or off for individual documents
To show or hide the document grid:
To show or hide the grid,A choose Show
Grids from the View Extras menu on the Application bar or press Ctrl-’/Cmd-’
If the View > Snap To > Grid option is on, a selection, layer, or ruler guide will snap to a grid line if it is moved within 8 screen pixels of the line
To measure the distance and angle between two points:
1 Choose the Ruler tool (I or Shift-I)
2. Drag in the document window The angle (A) and length (L1) of the measure line will be listed on the Options bar and the Info panel Shift-drag
to constrain the angle to a multiple of 45°
3 Optional: You can drag the measure line to a new
location Or to change the angle of the line, drag either of its endpoints
4. To hide the measure line, choose another tool
➤ To redisplay the measure line, hold down I for
a temporary Ruler tool To remove the line, click Clear on the Options bar A document can contain only one measure line at time
When the View > Snap command is on (and
depend-ing on which options are checked on the View >
Snap To submenu), as you move a selection border
or layer near a ruler guide, grid line, the edge of layer
imagery, or the canvas area, the pointer or item will
snap (to the item) with a subtle tug (Personally, we
prefer to use Smart Guides… but here it is, for what
it’s worth.)
To use the Snap To feature:
1 Choose View > Snap To > Guides, Grid, Layers,
Slices, Document Bounds, or All (of the above).
Note: For the Snap To > Guides, Grid, or Slices
option to be available, that feature must also
have a check mark on the View > Show submenu
2 Make sure View > Snap has a check mark
(Ctrl-Shift-;/Cmd-Shift-;) This command enables
whichever options are currently checked on the
Snap To submenu
To reposition ruler guides (Move tool), they must be
unlocked first Conversely, to prevent guides from
being moved unintentionally, lock ’em up
To lock or unlock all ruler guides:
Choose View > Lock Guides
(Ctrl-Alt-;/Cmd-Option-;) Rechoose the command to unlock
➤ If guides aren’t locked and you change your
document size via the Image Size command, the
guides will maintain their relative positions in
proportion to the image
To create a ruler guide at a specific location:
1 Choose View > New Guide.
2 In the New Guide dialog, click Orientation:
Horizontal or Vertical, enter a Position value
relative to the 0 (zero) point on that axis in any
measurement unit that is used in Photoshop,
then click OK A guide appears in the document
To remove ruler guides:
Do either of the following:
To remove one guide at a time, make sure guides
aren’t locked, hold down V to spring-load the
Move tool, then drag the guide out of the
document window Beware! Don’t press Delete,
or you could delete the current layer
To remove all the guides from the document,
choose View > Clear Guides.
A The grid is displayed in this document.