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UNIT 1 LOCAL COMMUNITY

A Pronunciation: /æ/, /ɑː/ and /e/

I Put the words into the correct row according to the pronunciation of the underlined part

II Underline the letters pronounced /æ/, /ɑː/ or /e/ in the following sentences Follow the example

Example: The apples are in the van

/æ/ /ɑː/ /æ/

1 The cat bit my dad

2 Jack wears a black cap

3 The class left for lunch at last

2 garbage collector B delivers goods to the people who have ordered them

3 police officer C cleans other people’s houses or offices, etc

4 delivery person D fits and repairs things such as water pipes, toilets, etc

5 plumber E collects and delivers letters, etc

6 technician F protects people and property, makes people obey the law, and

1 He was working as a(n) for a florist

2 I was stopped by a(n)

3 I think we will have to call the to fix that tap

4 You will need a qualified to rewire your house

5 The men are typically hired as street cleaners or

6 Jack has an evening job as an office

7 A laboratory has the responsibilities to keep the equipment and facilities in the

laboratory in good condition

8 I have just seen the emptying the letterbox

• Traditional handicrafts

II Match each word with its definition Then complete the sentences with these words in the correct forms



2 facilities B a type of food or product that a restaurant or place is famous for

because it is so good

3 community C the activity of making attractive objects by hand

4 artisan D an area on the edge of a large town or city

5 handicraft E all the people who live in a particular area, county, etc

6 speciality F rooms, equipment, or services that are provided for a particular

purpose



1 I like buying pottery from the at the fair

2 Her hobbies are music, reading, and

3 Most of the people who live in the work in the city

4 Oysters are a(n) of the area

5 The hotel has its own pool and leisure

6 The library is open to all members of the

III Complete the sentences with the words / phrases given below

fragrance career shorten preserve

craft village tourist destination by hand neighbourhood original functions process neighbour

1 All of their carpets are made in Pakistan

2 It is our duty to the planet for future generations

3 He performs several important within the organization

4 I have asked my to water the plants while I am away

5 A high school knee injury probably shortened his football

6 The is famous for its pottery

7 The flowers are chosen for their delicate

8 I have asked him to my grey trousers

9 She is involved in the production from start to finish

10 There were lots of kids in my when I was growing up

11 The Grand Canyon is Arizona’s biggest

12 The gardens have recently been restored to their glory

IV Match the most well-known traditional craft villages in Viet Nam with their short descriptions Write the answer in each blank

A Tan Chau village, An Giang province

B Tranh Khuc village, Ha Noi

C Bat Trang village, Ha Noi

D Vong village, Ha Noi

E Van Phuc village, Ha Noi

F Dong Ho village, Bac Ninh province

G Dinh Yen village, Dong Thap province

H Quat Dong village, Ha Noi

I Chuong village, Ha Noi

J Yen Thai village (also Buoi village), Ha Noi

1 _

There are many embroidery villages in Viet Nam, but this village in Thuong Tin district has the highest quality embroidery products

The 500-year-old ceramic making village is located about 10 km away from Ha Noi to the right side

of the Red River There you can find beautiful ceramics and the makers

5 _

From the 15th century, it was well-known in ancient Thang Long Citadel for making various kinds

of paper especially poonah-paper, often used by the royal and kings

6 _

It has been famous for a type of folklore painting These paintings have been crafted since the

16th century and were traditionally hung during the Tet festival

9 _

Green sticky rice is a delicacy that is made only in autumn and loved by all Vietnamese

10 _

It is famous for making “banh chung", a typical square, sticky rice cake for the Lunar New Year in

Viet Nam The cake produced here is famous for its distinctive flavour

● Prepositions

V Complete each sentence with the correct preposition

1 The area is famous _ its beauty

2 The products are produced _ the workshop

3 This region is the home of many species _ wild flower

4 Paper is made _ wood

5 It is a surprise party, so I don’t want her to find out _ it

6 We were amazed _ what she told us

7 She has made a series _ documentaries on the subject of family relationships

8 Do you know the way _ the restaurant?

9 That song always reminds me _ my childhood

10 I don’t really get on _ my sister’s husband

C Grammar

• Question words before to-infinitives

I Fill in each blank with a suitable question word

1 We don’t know _ to put the sofa

2 No one could tell me _ to start the engine

3 The rules did tell us _ to speak to in case of an emergency

4 I had no idea _ to write my home paper about

5 I didn’t know _ to laugh or cry in that situation

6 I wonder _ to use this machine

7 I didn’t know _ to buy that shirt to fit me

8 He couldn’t decide _ to accept the job or not

II Using the idea in the questions in brackets, complete each sentence with a question word and

followed by a to-infinitive

1 (Where should I buy a good dictionary for my English study?)

I don’t know a good dictionary for my English study

2 (How can I fix my bicycle?)

Jack doesn’t know his bicycle

3 (Where can I get a map of the city?)

The tourist is wondering a map of the city

4 (What time should I pick you up?)

I need to know you up

5 (Who should I talk to about this problem?)

I don’t know to about this problem

6 (Where should I tell them to meet us?)

I’m not sure them to meet us

7 (What should I wear to the ceremony?)

I can’t decide to the ceremony

8 (Which essay should I use for the contest?)

Hoa can’t decide for the contest

III Rewrite the sentences using question words + to-infinitives

1 I don’t know where I can go for the coming summer holiday

IV Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given

in brackets in the correct form

1 People in the community often have a friendly relationship with one another so that they can follow

the same craft (get)

🡪 People in the community often _ _

2 After the trip, you return to the harbor to take a boat trip to Hoi An (come)

🡪 After the trip, you

3 We arrived late, and didn’t have much time to walk around the place to see what is there before

dinner (look)

🡪 We arrived late, and didn’t have much time

_

4 This necklace was given to my mother by my grandmother (hand)

🡪 This necklace was

5 The holiday was a complete surprise - I only got information about it the day before we left (find)

🡪 The holiday was a complete surprise - I only _ _

D Reading

• Reading about special products in some areas

I Read the passage, and decide whether the following statements are true (T), or false (F) Correct the false statements

Ban Truc pottery items are made from clay from the Quao River mixed with sand Clay is collected from the river only once a year, each lasting for half a month Clay is taken more or less depending on the ability of each person In the clay collecting season, local people try to take as much clay as they can to store, for use in the entire year

Currently, people in Bau True pottery village still make pottery items in the traditional way They

do not use the wheel, but the craftsmen have to turn around the products The potters shape their products by skillful hands and feet around a pole-round pillar, rather than on the wheel From this step, the silky clay block initially gradually forms a smooth rounded hollow block, then the formation of flower vases, or water pots

Bau Truc’s craftsmen use wet cloths to make the product surface smooth These items are decorated with seashells, snails or hand-made paintings featuring the daily life of Bau True’s people

(Source: Internet)

2 Bau True pottery is famous because people only use fine clay to make their products  

7 The craftsmen’s skills can make the blocks of clay become lively and useful  

II Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow

Bat Trang Pottery Village

Bat Trang, a traditional porcelain and pottery village with history of seven centuries, is an interesting attraction in Ha Noi that tourists should not ignore

Located in an area rich in clay, the village has advantage of ingredients to create fine ceramics

Moreover, lying beside the Red River, between Thang Long and Pho Hien, two ancient trade centers in the north of Viet Nam during the 15th-17th centuries, Bat Trang’s ceramics were favourite products not

only in the domestic market, but also in foreign ones thanks to Japanese, Chinese and Western trading

boats that passed by

In the 18lhand 19lh centuries, due to restricting foreign trade policy of Trinh, Nguyen dynasties, it

was difficult for pottery products in Viet Nam to be exported to foreign countries, and some famous pottery-making villages like Bat Trang, or Chu Dau (Hai Duong province) went through a hard time Since

1986, thanks to economic reforms and development, more attention has been paid in the village and the world gets a chance to know more about Vietnamese porcelain through many high-quality exported Bat Trang’s ceramic products

Bat Trang ceramics are produced for daily household use (bows, cups, plates, pots, bottles, etc.),

worshipping, or decoration purposes Nowadays, pottery artists bring into ceramics many innovations in

production techniques, and creativity in products’ features, so many new products have been made, and even daily household items may have the beauty like decoration ones

Tourists can visit Bat Trang Porcelain and Pottery Market where they can directly make pottery products by themselves Many youngsters and foreign tourists are interested in this pottery-making experience, and spend a whole day in the market making a souvenir for their families or friends

(Source: Internet)

Task 1: Match a word with its definition, writing the answer in each blank

1 rich (adj) _ A of or inside a particular country

2 domestic (adj) _ B limiting a certain activity

3 restricting (adj) _ C new ideas or methods

4 innovations (n) _ D containing a lot of something

Task 2 Read the passage again, and then decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) Correct the false statements

2 Bat Trang’s pottery products were exported to foreign markets during the 18th and

19th centuries

 

3 Its location beside the Red River has provided an enormous source of fine clay as

ingredient for pottery making

 

4 Many Japanese, Chinese and Western trading boats came to Pho Hien during the

15th and 17th centuries

 

5 Artisans in Bat Trang village have always kept the traditions without any changes  

6 Bat Trang village has been the only centre of pottery in the north of Viet Nam for

centuries

 

7 Political policies have had influence on the development of pottery and ceramic crafts  

III Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow

Cham Brocade Weaving Village

 _

The brocade weaving craft of Cham ethnic people in My Nghiep not only carries the traditional beauty of brocade but also fills with the typical Cham cultural value with original designs and variable products such as: sarong, shawl, hat, overcoat

 _

Located at about 10km south of Phan Rang City, My Nghiep village belongs to Ninh Phuoc and it is the only traditional brocade weaving of Cham people in Ninh Thuan According to local people, Polnuga King was a famous artisan who created this craft and taught villagers about the spinning and weaving since the

11th century

 _

Long time ago, My Nghiep villagers planted cotton for materials, used spate and Chum Bau trees and thin

mud for dyeing materials, and used simple looms to make quality products and artistic flower designs on

fabric Their products have been sold to Cham people as well as other neighbouring inhabitants

 _

Through many ups and downs, the brocade weaving of the Cham people has been well developed Visiting

My Nghiep village, you will have chance to see the skilful hands of weavers and artisans to make sophisticated brocade products such as skirts, coats, scarves, tablecloths, bed covers, belts with different designs

 _

You will be attracted by the original and natural designs and colours Each brocade is almost unique because of the creation and sudden inspiration of My Nghiep villagers It is very easy to notice the ideas

and sentiments of Cham people in each brocade to create a typical Cham cultural message to pass down

from generation to generation

 _

The harmony combination of tradition and modem helps brocade get a strong foothold in local and

international markets In recent years, there are more and more tourists coming to My Nghiep village

Especially, foreigners are very keen on the sarong which is a formal dress of ancient King and Queen with

sophisticated designs and made by soft fabric material

(Source: Internet)

Task 1 Match the headings with the paragraphs

A The distinctive features of My Nghiep brocade

B The way to make traditional products

C Present status of the craft

D Introduction to the village

E Efforts to keep the traditional craft

F Location and its origin

Task 2: Match a word with its definition, writing the answer in each blank

3 sentiments _ C a long piece of thin cloth which is worn wrapped

around the waist

understand

Task 3 Read the passage again, and answer the questions

1 Who taught Cham people the brocade weaving craft?

_ _

2 What were the materials of making brocade?

_ _

3 What are the typical products of My Nghiep village?

_ _

4 What makes their products unique?

_ _

5 What is the message that Cham people want to pass down to future generations?

_ _

6 Which product are foreigners very interested in? Why?

_ _

E Speaking

• Giving a short presentation about a speciality

I Complete the conversation about Bau True pottery Use the cues given below

Bau Truc Village: one of the oldest pottery villages in Southeast Asia

How to make Bau True pottery:

- take soft clay and mix it with sand to create a base material

- shaped by hand, not made on a rotating wheel

- dried in the Sun for four to six hours outdoors over straw or wood

How to decorate the pots:

- patterns: freely decorated

- themes: tree branches or shells, or the daily life of Bau True Village and its people

Common colours of Bau Truc pottery:

- natural colours

- from reddish-brown, pink-red to dark grey with brown lines

- all characteristic of Cham culture

A: What are you holding?

B: A pot of Bau True pottery

A: Bail True pottery? What is it?

B: Bau True is one of the oldest pottery villages in Southeast Asia

A: How can people in Bau True make pottery?

B: Villagers (1) _

Pots are shaped by hand, and they are not made on a rotating wheel The pots (2)

_

A: I see The entire process, from beginning to end, is done by hand

B: That’s right From drying and soaking the materials in water, to mixing sand and kneading the clay,

to decorating the pots before firing

A: That’s what makes their products unique How can they decorate the pots?

B: The patterns on the pots are freely decorated They are (3) _

_

A: What are the common colours of Bau True pottery?

B: The pots have natural colours, varying (4) _

_

A: Well, these colours (5)

_

• Everyday English: Seeking help and responding

II Complete the following sentences with the appropriate expressions to seek help

1 _ this bag for me, please? - No problem

2 _ quiet, please? You’re in the school library

3 _ me with my homework?

4 _ me 50 pounds? - Maybe When could you give it back?

5 _ that window? - In a while It’s hot in here

6 _ making me a cup of coffee?

III Put the following words or phrases in the correct order to make a request

1 a hand / give / could / you / me /?

4 A: Would you help me with my maths homework?

B: I’m sorry I can’t do it

V Read the situations, and make short conversations of seeking help and responding

1 You would like your friend to open the door, and you get a positive response

A: _ B: _

2 You are talking on the phone, and you ask your roommate to turn down the volume of the TV, and

you get a positive response

A: _ B: _

3 You are preparing a dish in the kitchen, and you ask your younger sister to help you, and you get a

negative response because she’s busy with her studies

A: _ B: _

4 You would like a classmate to help you with a project, and you get a positive response

A: _ B: _

5 You are carrying a heavy box, and you ask someone to help you You get a positive response

A: _ B: _

F Writing

• Writing a paragraph about a community helper

Write the sentences about a logistics shipper, using the words / phrases given

1 a shipper / employee / responsible / sending and delivering / goods

_ _ _

2 a shipper / ensure / products / reach / customers / on time / perfect condition

_ _ _

3 a shipper’s tasks / keeping track of the inventory / handling storage / selecting the right product /

maintaining a record-keeping system

_ _ _

4 one / key soft skills / a shipper to have / communication skills / a shipper I frequently in contact /

suppliers, managers, and customers

_ _ _

5 shippers / sometimes / respond / problems and complaints / customers / they / have customer-service

skills / deal with these issues

_ _ _

TEST 1 (UNIT 1)

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined

3 A family B many C grand D travel

II Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

6 These measures are intended to help the disadvantaged

A band B gang C community D society

7 Jane comes from a rich family, and her family lives in a wealthy

A suburb B background C household D neighbour

8 The drink is a house served at the table

A special B speciality C specialist D specialism

9 The club serves a useful as a meeting place for teenagers

A mission B goal C dream D function

10 The of lavender filled the room

A air B fragrance C fragrant D liquid

11 I have to take of my little sister this afternoon

A duty B charge C care D protection

12 Local make their pottery and souvenirs in the workshop

A farmers B customers C sellers D artisans

13 The tradition has been down from father to son for generations

A given B moved C changed D passed

14 We had to wash our clothes hand

A by B with C of D at

15 The room still has many of its features

A earliest B origin C original D existing

III Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word given below There are some extra words that you do not need

materials individual respects craft

tasks handicrafts attractions master

For generations throughout history, the Vietnamese people gathered in communal villages

surrounded by the rice fields However, many farmers also learned to produce useful (16) for their daily lives from clay, bamboo, and other natural (17) A number of villages developed a certain (18) for the local market or to bring into local towns or capital cities

for sale This was the origin of the Vietnamese handicraft trade villages

These craft villages have undergone periods of varying success and failure throughout the

20lh century Some craft villages have developed and preserved their best skills and designs In the craft

village hall, the trade villagers often worship and periodically pay their (19) to the sacred craft (20) of handicraft, who has exploits in founding, teaching or preserving the particular

designs that the villages produce

IV Rewrite the sentences using questions words and to-infinitives

21 I don’t know what I should review first for the coining test

Bau True pottery village of Cham ethnic minority is one of the oldest pottery villages in Southeast

Asia It is located about 10 kilometres in the South of Phan Rang town The small village is (26) to more than 400 families, 85% (27) are in the traditional pottery business The style is said to be handed (28) from from the immemorial time

People in Bau True use their skillful hands, bamboo-made circles and shells to create priceless

works It is (29) that while the Kinh people have switched to using wheels as an indispensable (30) their Cham counterparts, on the contrary, still (31)

talent hands and simple tools To create a pottery product, a Cham craftsman only

needs an anvil, not a potter’s wheel, and other simple equipment and moulds and then uses hands to (32)

pieces of clay into the works he wants

The clay is taken from the banks of the Quao River and is very flexible, durable when (33)

The skills needed to mix sand with clay are also various The amount of sand mixed with the plastic material is dependent on what the pottery used for and the sizes For these reasons, Bau True pottery is quite different from pottery elsewhere For example, water jars made in Bau True are

always favoured by people in dry and sunny areas (34) the temperature of the water

in the jars is always one centigrade cooler than (35) outside

(Source: Internet)

VI Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question

Recently, we made a trip to visit Dong Ho village with a desire to meet the old artisan - Nguyen Huu Sam Just when we arrived at the dyke in the village and talked with the villagers about the artisan, they immediately told us about him

The old house owned by the artisan is situated in a long alley of the village On the walls of the house there are many folk paintings in different genres, from daily life paintings to landscape paintings shown in a set of “four seasons”

Mr Sam told us about his past When he was three years old, he was instructed in the craft of making Dong Ho paintings by his father At five, he could help his father apply the Dong Ho paintings and learn how to print the paper with proper colours At seven, he was able to draw with a pen and make the most difficult samples Years went by and the soul of Dong Ho folk paintings has kept seashell powder paint to the poonah-paper

In the 1940s, this craft flourished At that time, he was assigned by his parents to take the paintings

to the market for sale Mr Sam said that 17 families in the village have been engaged in making Dong Ho paintings

Artisan Sam has always been devoted to the making of Dong Ho paintings and has waited for opportunities to restore this traditional craft In 1967, when the local authorities assigned him to restore the traditional genre of Dong Ho folk paintings, he gathered 50 villagers with professional skills and collected hundreds of woodblocks to establish the Dong Ho Painting Cooperative Thanks to his efforts, such famous paintings as “Rat’s wedding”, “Rooster”, “Scene of jealousy” and “Writing verses about precious flowers” have been revived Dong Ho paintings have been available in many parts of the world such as Japan, France, Germany, Singapore and the United States

(Source: Internet)

36 The themes of Dong Ho paintings are about

A landscapes B weddings

C various aspects of life D animals and flowers

37 In order to make Dong Ho paintings, we need seashell powder paint, the poonah-paper and

A proper colours B water C markets D woodblocks

38 From paragraph 3, we can infer that when Mr Sam was very young, he mostly helped his parents by

A applying the woodblocks with proper paints and pressing them on sheets of paper

B applying seashell powder to make various paints for painting making

C drawing with a pen and using proper paints to make many copies of paintings

D collecting and taking the paintings to the market for sale

39 All of the following can be inferred about the artisan - Mr Sam - EXCEPT that

A he is popular in the village

B he could paint when he was three

C he keeps a collection of Dong Ho paintings in his house

D the local authorities tried to revive the traditional craft

40 In the writer’s opinions, the future of Dong Ho paintings is

A international B concerning C optimistic D negative

VII Complete the conversation about spring rolls - a speciality in the Vietnamese cuisine Use the cues given below

Spring rolls: a speciality in the Vietnamese cuisine, a delicious filling in a paper-thin wrapper made from

flour and water, exterior: so thin and crispy

How to make spring rolls:

- prepare meat, rice, vermicelli and some vegetables

- soften each wrapper in warm water, then add the filling ingredients

- fold and roll each spring roll

- make the sauces to serve with the spring rolls

How to store spring rolls:

- leftovers: keep them in an airtight container, and put it in the fridge for up to three days

A: What are you doing?

B: I’m making spring rolls - a speciality in the Vietnamese cuisine

A: What are spring rolls?

B: Spring rolls consist (41)

_ The exterior is so thin and crispy

A: How can you make Vietnamese spring rolls?

B: We can make Vietnamese spring rolls at home First, we (42)

Second, we soften each wrapper in warm water, then we (43) _ After that, we fold and roll each spring roll Finally, we (44) _

A: How can we store spring rolls?

B: Because the rice paper wrappers are easy to dry out and crack, try to eat the spring rolls as soon

as you make them If you have leftovers, (45)

VIII Write the sentences about Nam, an electrician, using the words / phrases given

46 Nam / an electrician / works / a local electricity company / our town

_ _

47 a tall, thin man / his late twenties

_ _

48 a wide range of skills / always listens / customers / understand their needs / good communication /

also / help / get on well with them

_ _

49 puts in / checks / repairs electrical wires / electrical equipment / also tells us / how / save electricity /

use / safely

_ _

50 Nam / a good job / it / very useful / our community

_ _

TEST 2 (UNIT 1)

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined

II Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

6 We must encourage the planting of new trees and _ our existing forests

A keep B preserve C prevent D treat

7 She is known to many people in the world - she is a(n) _ actress

A world-famous B world-class C amateur D would-be

8 I need to find _ more about these night courses

A of B on C out D with

9 The British Museum is one of London’s most popular tourist _

A resorts B facilities C centres D attractions

10 One of the _ complained about the noise from the party

A members B friends C neighbours D companions

11 Getting fit again has been a long slow _

A action B process C result D change

12 The hotel is situated in a peaceful residential _

A section B city C town D neighbourhood

13 The _ village is famous for its pottery

A craft B skill C art D tradition

14 A _ usually consists of several towns and the rural areas that surround them

A country B county C nation D neighbourhood

15 Our restaurant offers a superb menu of local _ at affordable prices

A specialities B customs C themes D backyards

III Fill in each blank in the passage with the correct word given below There are some extra words that you do not need

handicrafts design quality return

costumes skills appearance history

There are many embroidery villages in Viet Nam, but Quat Dong village in Ha Noi is widely known

for its products of high (16) _

Embroidery has been developing around here since the 17th century In the past, local skilled

artisans were chosen to make sophisticated embroidered (17) _ for the Vietnamese

King, Queen and other Royal family members

The first man who taught the local people how to embroider was Dr Le Cong Hanh, who lived during the Le dynasty He learned how to embroider while on a trip to China as an envoy, and taught the

villagers of Quat Dong upon his (18) _ Although these (19) _

eventually spread across the country, the Quat Dong’s artisans’ creations are still the most appreciated

In order to create beautiful embroideries, an artisan must be patient, careful and have an eye for

(20) _, along with clever hands Nowadays, Quat Dong products may range from

clothes, bags, pillowcases, to paintings and decorations, which are exported to many countries

IV Complete the second sentence so that it has a similar meaning to the first one, using the word given

in brackets in the correct form

21 Labourers in the Mekong Delta can earn enough money from their crafts during the flood

seasons (live)

_ _

22 The methods of producing handcrafted paper flowers in Thanh Tien village in Hue were transferred

from generation to generation to keep the craft alive (pass)

_ _

23 The tour guide gave a short speech so that foreign visitors could get information about the process of

making fish sauce in Phu Quoc (find)

_ _

24 Craft village development is now a good way to solve the poverty in rural areas (deal)

_ _

25 We are thinking with pleasure about the trip in order to discover the traditional craft villages round

Hue (forward)

_ _

V Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage

Marble Mountains is a group of five smaller mountains (26) Metal, Wood, Water, Fire

and Earth It is also a travel itinerary linking Da Nang City to the ancient town of Hoi An and Hue City As

the name suggests, the Marble Mountains used to be a place providing input (27) for craftsmen in the village, but the local government banned marble exploitation for (28) that

the five mountains could disappear

Most of the marble for the village now comes from northern provinces such as Ninh Binh, Thanh

Hoa and Thai Nguyen As a further step to diversify products, the marble fine arts village has (29)

marble from Pakistan

As far as I know, the man who (30) marble craftsmanship to the region came

from Thanh Hoa, and most craftsmen in the village had handed down the craft from generation to

generation There are some 3,000 handicraft workers in Non Nuoc village (31) , there are only 70 skillful craftsmen who can (32) souls into marble sculptures after other workers have finished (33) the products

In the shops along the highway, you can see different marble products in all shapes and sizes, from

contemporary (34) to religious sculptures And, of course, you will have a chance to see craftsmen (35) their art and turning soulless marble into sophisticated sculptured products

34 A work B works C working D employment

VI Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question

Sedge Mat Craft Village in Tien Giang Province

In the Mekong Delta, Long Dinh village of Tien Giang province is famous for its traditional craft of weaving flowered mats The mat’s high quality makes them popular domestically, and they are also exported to markets worldwide including Korea, Japan and America

In spite of its well-established reputation for this traditional craft, mat weaving only started here some 50 years ago It was first introduced by immigrants from Kim Son, a famous mat weaving village in the northern province of Ninh Binh However, the technique of weaving sedge mats in Long Dinh, as compared with other places in the South, is somewhat different Long Dinh branded mats are thicker and have more attractive colours and patterns

Weaving sedge mats is similar to growing rice Long Dinh mat production mainly occurs during the dry season, from January to April Weavers have to work their hardest in May and June, otherwise, when the rainy season starts in July, they will have to put off finishing their products till the next dry season No matter how much work it requires, Long Dinh mat producers stick with this occupation, as it brings a higher income than growing rice

This trade provides employment for thousands of local labourers At present, nearly 1,000 households in Long Dinh village live on weaving mats To better meet market demands, Long Dinh mat weavers have created more products in addition to the traditional sedge mats Particularly, they are producing a new type of mat made from the dried stalks of water hyacinth, a common material in the Mekong Delta

Thanks to the planning and further investment, the mat weaving occupation has indeed brought

in more income for local residents Their living standards have improved considerably, resulting in better conditions for the whole village

Trích nguồn Internet

36 All of the following are true about the craft in Long Dinh EXCEPT that

A it has the origin from Kim Son, Ninh Binh

B it has had the reputation for more than 50 years

C the techniques are a little bit different from those in other regions

D the mats have more attractive colours and designs

37 We can infer from the sentence “Weaving sedge mats is similar to growing rice” that

A both depend on weather conditions

B both occur on the same land

C both bring similar income

D both occur at the same time

38 Despite difficulties, people in Long Dinh try to follow the craft because

A they can have jobs in the rainy months

B they can go to Korea, Japan and America

C they can make the techniques of weaving different

D they can earn more money than growing rice

39 In order to meet market demands, artisans in Long Dinh

A produce new products from rare material

B hire thousands of local labourers

C try to produce various types of products

D stop producing the traditional sedge mats

40 We can infer from the passage that

A the new technique makes labourers work in the dry season

B Long Dinh mat production is only well-known in foreign markets

C the craft contributes much to the village economy

D most of the households in Long Dinh village live on weaving mats

VII Complete the conversation about pho Use the cues given below

Ingredients: beef bones to make the bone broth, rice noodles, thinly-sliced beef, fish sauce, onion, spices

and seasonings, and garnishes such as green onion and basil

How to make pho:

- roast the beef bone and onions until the bones are browned and the onions are soft

- make the broth and leave it to simmer for half an hour

- soak the rice noodles in boiling water, drain them and add them to each bowl

- put the garnishes on the top of each bowl, and pour the broth into it

How to store pho:

- store the broth and rice noodles separately in their own airtight containers in the fridge

- when to eat, reheat the broth on the stove and the rice noodles in the microwave

- combine them and enjoy pho

A: What are you cooking, Ms Hoa?

B: I’m cooking pho for all of you Do you like it, Ann?

A: Yes, I do I’ve tried it several times, and it’s fantastic What ingredients do you prepare for it? B: They are (41)

A: How can we make pho, Ms Hoa?

B: Pho is quite simple to make - it’s just a little time-consuming First, we (42) _

A: Can we store pho for the next time?

B: Oh, yes We can store the broth and rice noodles separately in their own airtight containers in the

fridge They will stay fresh for up to four days When you are (45) _

Combine them and enjoy pho

A: Thank you, Ms Hoa

B: You’re welcome

VIII Write the sentences about Mr Vinh, a carpenter, using the words / phrases given

46 Mr Vinh / a good freelance carpenter / works / himself

_ _

47 a short, middle-aged man

_ _

48 the right training / apprenticeship / several workshops // never stops learning / always upgrades his

skills / make more beautiful products // also listens / us / tries / satisfy our needs

_ _

49 makes / repairs wooden things / our house

_ _

50 I think / he / makes / beautiful objects / he / good / his hands

_ _

UNIT 2 CITY LIFE

A Pronunciation: /aʊ/, /əʊ/ and /eə/

I Put the words into the correct row according to the pronunciation of the underlined part

/aʊ/ _

_ _

/əʊ/ _

_ _

/eə/ _

_ _

II Underline the words with /aʊ/, double underline the words with /əʊ/, and circle the words with /eə/

1 A clown came down from a brown van

2 He gave them yellow flowers and roses

3 The father doesn’t allow us to play loud music in the house

4 The boat with a lot of pears and roses goes into the mouth of the river

5 There is a note for you about how to take care of your hair

6 The man had fair hair, a long nose, a wide mouth and a loud voice

B Vocabulary

• City life

I Complete the sentences with the words given below

amenities stressed concrete jungle metro packed

pricey construction reliable underground itchy

1 It is strange that Nam isn’t here He is usually so _

2 The train was so _ that I couldn’t find a seat

3 The clothes are beautiful but very _

4 A quarter of workers interviewed said they felt highly _ at work

5 The dust made me feel _ all over

6 Safety is very important on a(n) _ site

7 The _ or the tube is a railway system in which electric trains travel along passages

below the ground

8 A(n) _ is an ugly grey area of a city where people live in closely crowded apartment

buildings and there is little space and no trees or grass

9 The new _ is designed to run on eco-friendly fuel

10 The council has some spare cash, which it proposes to spend on public _

II Complete each blank in the following sentences with an appropriate word The initial letters have been given to you

1 It takes twice as long to drive to work during r _ h _

2 The system is new, but so far it seems to be r _

3 The plane was p _, because a previous flight had been cancelled

4 Let’s not eat here - it’s too p _

5 People in London may prefer the u _ to their own cars due to heavy traffic

6 A s _ m _ is no longer just a place to go to buy something, it’s a community and

entertainment centre

7 Despite Mumbai in India being an over-populated c _ j _, there are still many

humble corners where people grow food

8 The m _ is efficient and spotlessly clean

9 The new leisure centre will be an a _ for local residents

10 The tram is an efficient m _ of t _

III Complete the text with the words given below There are some extra words that you do not need

entertainment downtown process pavements leisure development residents underground places attention

Many planning experts believe that Ha Noi needs more green spaces, a high-quality living and (1) _ environment for the city’s (2) _ On hot days, flower gardens and parks are ideal (3) _ for people, especially those who live in the crowded spaces of the Old Quarter Public and green spaces are essential for a city, but they are rare in the (4)

_

Ha Noi has paid more (5) _ to developing public and green spaces, such as

planting more trees, building more parks and gardens, opening more pedestrian streets, but the spaces

have not yet met the demand of residents The (6) _ are occupied by business households, while many public spaces are used as parking lots Ha Noi should integrate the (7) _ of green areas, flower gardens and playgrounds into the planning (8)

_ in order to expand and manage them

● Vocabulary for Reading

IV Complete the sentences with the words / phrases given below

concern authorities teen-friendly itchy feet food waste drop-off leftovers unsafe learning spaces processing

1 They will mix leaves, animal waste and _ from the college’s kitchens to make

compost

2 I often give my guests _ to take home with them

3 With modern technology, libraries will become active _ for all students

4 I am going to report these potholes to the _

5 Don’t switch the computer off - it’s still _ data

6 The bridge is close because it is _

7 I think the games are _ because there are no crimes, violence or bad words

8 If you are bringing someone to the hospital, you can drive as far as the _ area

9 My _ is that you are not getting enough work done

10 I have only been back home for a few months, and I have already got _

● Prepositions

V Complete each sentence with the correct preposition

1 This book is packed useful information

2 The hotel is currently construction

3 Seven of us were stuck the elevator for over an hour

4 The bus picks passengers outside the airport

5 He usually got around Singapore Underground when he studied medicine there

6 "Do you give any discount students?" he asked the receptionist at the ticket booth

7 The council was hoping to turn the slums blocks of flats for low-income workers

8 "I’ve told you many a time not to ride your bike the pavement."

9 The berries are processed juice or sauce

10 I try not to travel rush hour, but I often get caught the morning rush hour

C Grammar

• Double comparatives

I Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

1 The more she practises, she becomes

A the greater confidence B more confidently

C the more confident D the most confident

2 The more you talk about the situation,

A it seems worse B the worse it seems

C the worse does it seem D it seems the worse

3 The older you are,

A the more you may become worried B the more worried you may become

C the more worry you may become D you may become more worried

4 The more you have tried to edit the article,

A it becomes better B the more it has become

C the better it becomes D it has becomes better and better

5 The better the weather is,

A the beaches get the more crowded B the beaches get the most crowded

C the most crowded the beaches get D the more crowded the beaches get

6 you study for these exams, you will do

A The harder - the better B The more - the much

C The hardest - the best D The more hard - the more good

7 The more waste paper we recycle,

A the least trees we preserve B the most trees we preserve

C the fewer trees we preserve D the more trees we preserve

8 , the more he talked

A The more I became bored B The most bored I became

C The more boring I became D The more bored I became

II Complete the sentences with a double comparison

1 The weather is getting (cold)

2 Nam is getting (tall)

3 Traffic in big cities is becoming (heavy)

4 Shopping in that mall becomes (fun)

5 New buildings make the city (modern)

6 Eating and travelling in this city is getting (expensive)

7 Our neighbourhood is becoming (popular)

8 Mai is becoming before the exam (confident)

9 The film just got (bad)

10 The public transportation in our city is becoming (good)

III Write the sentences using double comparatives based on the situations

1 We should collect litter, and the streets become clean

_ _

2 When the city has many parks, it will become green

_ _

3 If there are many modern sports centres in our neighbourhood, we can have many opportunities to

train ourselves

_ _

4 When the facilities in the hospital are modern, the hospital serves patients well

_ _

5 When we process food waste into biogas, we can have more energy

_ _

IV Tick (🡪) the correct sentences, and rewrite the other ones, changing or adding one word

1 The fast you try to finish your homework, the more mistakes you make

V Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs below

cut down on hang out with get around

throw away come down with carry out

1 Several people have _ heat rash and heat stroke this summer

2 I don’t really know who she _

3 We had to use public transport to _

4 He was unable to _ simple tasks after the accident

5 When are you going to _ those old magazines?

6 I’m trying to _ the amount of coffee I drink

VI Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the phrasal verbs given in Exercise V

1 More research on the subject needs to be _

2 Half of her class has _ flu

3 I am not going to _ him anymore because he is bad-tempered

4 The supermarket chain has promised to _ packaging

5 Cycling is a cheap way to _

6 American customers _ around 100 billion plastic bags yearly

D Reading

• City problems and solutions

I Read the text and choose the correct answers

Cities are often seen as places of opportunity, but there are also some major drawbacks of living

in a big city In my opinion, governments could do much more to improve city life for the average inhabitant

The main problem for anyone who hopes to move to a large city is that the cost of living is likely

to be much higher than it is in a small town or village Inhabitants of cities have to pay higher prices for housing, transport, and even food Another issue is that urban areas tend to suffer from social problems such as high crime and poverty rates in comparison with rural areas Moreover, the air quality in cities is often poor, due to pollution from traffic, and the streets and public transport systems are usually overcrowded As a result, city life can be unhealthy and stressful However, there are various steps that governments could take to solve these problems Firstly, they could invest money in the building of affordable or social housing to reduce the cost of living Secondly, authorities have the power to ban vehicles from city centres and promote the use of cleaner public transport A third option would be to develop provincial towns and rural areas, by moving industries and jobs to those regions, in order to

reduce the pressure on major cities In conclusion, governments could certainly implement a range of

measures to improve the quality of life for all city residents

1 Cities are often seen as places of opportunities, _

A so they have no problems B but they have only one problems

C and they have only minor problems D but they also have some serious problems

2 People in cities spend _people in the country

A more money than B less money than

C no money in comparison with D as much money as

3 All of the following are mentioned as problems in cities EXCEPT _

A pollution B crimes C unemployment D transportation

4 In order to solve of the problem of housing, the government should _

A reduce house prices B build cheap houses for the poor

C invest money in tall buildings D help people have better social life

5 All of the following are mentioned as solutions to pollution EXCEPT _

A offering more jobs to young people

B moving factories out of the city

C improving the quality of public transport

D limiting traffic in the downtown

6 The word ‘implement’ in the last paragraph is closest in meaning to _

A get around B hang out C cut down D carry out

II Read the passage, and do the tasks that follow

Three Things to Do in New York

There are so many things to see and do in New York, sometimes it is difficult to know where to start In this week’s guide, we look at three things you can’t miss when you visit the city

Start by spending some time in Central Park With over 25,000 trees and lots of different types of birds, it’s easy to forget you’re in a big city Relax and enjoy the fresh air or go for a tour in a horse and carriage In summer you can go out on the lake in a boat or kayak, and in winter you can go ice-skating After all those activities you’ll be hungry, so have lunch at the famous Tavern on the Green Great concerts take place in Central Park, too Every year the New York Philharmonic Orchestra gives a free open-air concert and there’s also the New York Shakespeare Festival at the theatre in the park

They say that Paris has the Eiffel Tower, London has the London Eye and New York has the Empire State Building But many people think the best views of the city are from the ‘Top of the Rock’ - the top floor of the GE (General Electric) building, a skyscraper in the middle of the city At 260 metres high, it’s the fourteenth tallest building in New York, and from the top you can have a fantastic view of the city

Many people visit the famous Statue of Liberty by ferry, but also on the way is the Immigration Museum on Ellis island This was the place where people first arrived from 1892 to 1954, many after a long and difficult journey from other countries Most of the island is closed to the general public, but you can visit the museum and find out about the many people who arrived here You can also go on a tour with a guide to visit some of the old, unused buildings on the island A very interesting day out for everyone

Trích nguồn Internet

Task 1 Complete the sentences with a name or a number

1 There are more than _ trees in Central Park

2 The famous restaurant in Central Park is called the _

3 Every year, the New York _ Festival has plays in the park

4 The top floor of the GE building is called the ‘ _’

5 On Ellis Island you can visit the _ Museum

6 People from other countries started arriving on Ellis Island in _

Task 2 Read the text again, and answer the questions

1 Why is it ‘easy to forget you’re in a big city’ when you visit Central Park?

_ _

2 What can you do in Central Park in winter?

_ _

3 What is the GE building?

_ _

4 How do you get to Ellis Island and the Statue of Liberty?

_ _

5 What else, apart from the museum, can you visit on Ellis Island?

_ _

III Read the text, and do the tasks that follow

Where is the city of love?

Which is the most romantic city in the world? Which is the cheapest? We’ve travelled around the world to find the cheapest, most romantic and safest cities Can you find your perfect destination?

 The world’s most romantic city

Paris is the city of love Most Europeans think Paris is the most romantic city in Europe, although Vienna, Prague and Venice are popular, too So what’s the most romantic thing you can do in Paris? Well, it’s not to go to the top of the Eiffel Tower - that’s too crowded Buy some bread and cheese and enjoy a picnic near the river Or spend the afternoon sitting outside a pavement café, just watching the people go

by Paris is perfect for couples

 The cheapest city in the world

Mumbai in India is the least expensive city in the world Twice a year there is a list made which compares the cost of living in different cities around the world, and cities like Moscow, London and Tokyo are always at the top However, Mumbai is at the bottom of the list, giving it the title of the cheapest city

in the world to live in

 The safest city

Did you know that New York is now one of America’s safest big cities? There is less crime now and what was once one of the most dangerous cities in the world is not any more This is good news for the 55 million visitors who come to New York every year for the great shopping, the museums, some of the best restaurants in the world and, of course, to see the Statue of Liberty, Times Square, and other famous sights

Task 1 Answer the questions

1 Do people think Vienna is a romantic city?

Task 2 Find words in the text that match these meanings

1 that many people like (paragraph 1) _

2 a meal you eat outside, especially in the countryside (paragraph 1) _

3 walk past (paragraph 1) _

4 the price of things like food, bills and public transport (paragraph 2) _

5 at some time in the past (paragraph 3) _

6 places that tourists visit in a city (paragraph 3) _

IV Read the passage and do the tasks that follow

 _

Playing football on the beach, samba dancing at night, relaxing with a delicious ice-cold fruit juice in an outdoor café, meeting sociable, hospitable people: this is what I think of when I remember the beautiful city of Rio de Janeiro

 _

Rio is called “The Marvellous City” for a good reason It is in an extraordinary location in Guanabara Bay, surrounded by spectacular mountains and by impressive sandy beaches facing south onto the Atlantic The views almost everywhere in the city are breathtaking

 _

There is something to do in Rio 24/7 In the morning, you can visit the centre with its museums and

picturesque, historic churches or go up Mount Corcovado to see the eye-catching statue of Christ with its stunning views In the afternoon, you can relax on the beach and watch the world go by or join in a football game with the welcoming, good-natured locals Or you can go to the striking Maracana Stadium

to watch the professionals play At night, there is music and dancing everywhere Even if you are not

a brilliant samba dancer, you will have an amazing time

Task 1 Match the paragraphs (1-4) with the subheadings (A-D), and write the answer in each blank

A The city’s landscape B Opinion of the city

C Memories of Rio D What to do in Rio

Task 2 Match the adjectives in italic in the passage with the meaning (A-C) Write the answers in each

Task 3 Which of the adjectives do we use to describe people and which to describe food? Write the

answers in each group

in a city Cities have many facilities like high-quality hospitals, educational institutes, banks, shops and other business institutes This makes our life easy as we can access the facilities provided by these institutes and organizations without delay

Moreover, many employment opportunities are available in the city as many major business institutes, factories are located here City life also gives US access to developed infrastructure facilities, like water, electricity, telecommunication and transportation facilities

However, we can also notice a difference in the behavior of the people living in the city City dwellers tend to be busier, ambitious and distant compared to the village folk

(Source: Internet)

1 The majority of the world’s population lived in urban areas in 2014   

3 A city is culturally more advanced and complex than the

5 The environment in the city is polluted with dirt, smoke, garbage,

and carbon dioxide from factories

6 Infrastructure facilities include high-quality hospitals, educational

institutes, banks, shops and other business institutes

7 There is a variety of employment opportunities in a city   

8 People in the city and in the countryside have different attitudes

toward life

VI Read the text, and identify whether the statements are true (T), false (F), or not given (NG) Correct the false statements

The Statue of Jesus Christ in Vung Tau

The enormous 28-metre figure of Jesus gazing across the East Sea with outstretched arms is located at the southern end of Small Mountain Built in 1974, this giant Jesus rests on a 10-metre-high platform The interior of the statue is hollow and contains a spiral staircase of 129 steps, ascending from the foot of the statue to its neck

The two shoulders of the figure are balconies, each able to accommodate up to six people, which offer a splendid view of the surrounding landscape This is the largest sculpture in Southern Viet Nam Recent construction of a pathway has made the 30-minute hike up the mountain more pleasant and the panoramic view along the way is magnificent

(Source: Internet)

2 People can climb up inside the statue to its highest point   

3 People can stand on the balconies inside the shoulders of the statue

to view the whole city of Vung Tau

4 Recent construction of a pathway has made the view of the

surrounding landscape more splendid

5 The statue is thirty-eight metres high from the ground   

6 Only a small number of people can climb up the staircase at the

same time

8 It may take you thirty minutes to walk from the ground to the top

of the mountain

VII Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question

One of the World’s Best Cities

With a population of about 2.6 million people, Vancouver is the largest city in Western Canada Vancouver is in the southwest of Canada, and it is only a few hours of driving away from the American border

Vancouver is popular because it combines so many things It is a huge, modem city On the other hand, it is also one of North America’s most beautiful areas The natural beauty around Vancouver is famous all around the world

Vancouver is right next to the Rocky Mountains, so it is a wonderful place for skiing and snowboarding Those aren’t the only winter sports you can do there If you can name a winter sport, then

you probably do that sport in Vancouver After all, the 2010 Winter Olympics were there Vancouver is also great for hiking jogging, and skateboarding It even has beaches The beaches aren’t the best in the world, but they are clean and pretty

Another place that you have to visit in Vancouver is Stanley Park This is a public park that is a

stone’s throw from downtown However, the park is completely surrounded by the Pacific Ocean The

nature in Stanley Park is beautiful It is close to downtown, but it feels like it is 100 kilometres away The

park also has playgrounds, gardens, beaches, tennis courts, and even an aquarium

Vancouver is something for everybody It is no wonder that people think it is one of the world’s best cities

(Source: Internet)

1 What does the passage say about Vancouver’s beaches?

A They are the world’s best beaches B They are terrible beaches

C They are pretty good beaches D Nobody goes to those beaches

2 Which of the following is not near Vancouver?

A The Rocky Mountains B The American border

C The Pacific Ocean D The Atlantic Ocean

3 What does the sentence “It is close to downtown, but it feels like it is 100 kilometres away” in

paragraph 4 mean?

A Stanley Park is 100 kilometres long

B Stanley Park is close to downtown, but it feels like a very different place

C Stanley Park is far from downtown, but it feels like it is very close

D Stanley Park is more than 100 years old

4 Which of the following is NOT popular in Vancouver?

A football B winter sports C skateboarding D jogging

5 What could replace the phrase “a stone’s throw” in paragraph 4?

A an act of throwing a stone B a little bit long distance

C moving very quickly D a short distance

E Speaking

• Talking about city problems and their solutions

I Report the discussion about the city problems and their solutions to the class Use the cues given below The introduction and conclusion have been done for you

- air pollution and traffic jams: the most serious problems

- carbon dioxide / thrown out / the atmosphere / a large number of vehicles / city

- easily suffer breathing problems / city dwellers / find / difficult / travel / rush hours / traffic accidents / always happening almost every day

- people / educated / raise awareness / protect / environment

- encouraged / use public transport / instead / use / their own motorbikes or cars

- more and more people / move / the city / house prices / more expensive

- accommodation / a serious problem / low-income city residents

- government / build / social housing / blocks of flats / workers

More and more people are moving to big cities for their better life However, there are some problems facing life in big cities

_ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

_ _ City life has both benefits and problems There needs to be co-operation between the authorities and city dwellers

• Everyday English: Offering help and responding

II Put the words or phrases in the correct order to make expressions offering help

1 some help / you / like / would /?

III Put the following expressions into the correct groups

- Can I get you some mineral water?

- Don’t worry I can do it

- Shall I help you with your project?

- Yes, please I’d love to

- It’s OK I can do it myself

- If you don’t mind

- Would you like to drink something?

- Do you want me to have a look at your homework?

- No, thank you

- What can I do for you?

- Thank you That would be great!

- I’d like to know what 1 can do to help you

Offering help:

_ _ _ _

Accepting help:

_ _

Politely declining help:

_ _

IV Complete the following short exchanges with positive or negative responses

1 A: Would you like to have a coffee?

6 A: Would you like to drink some tea?

B: (negative)

V Read the following situations Make expressions offering help and the corresponding responses

1 You see your friend, Jack, carrying a pile of books You offer to help him, and he agrees

A: B:

2 You see your classmate doing her homework, and it seems she has a little bit of a problem You

offer to help her, and she gives a positive response

A: B:

3 You see your friend carrying so many things and the door is closed You offer to open it, and your

friend agrees

A: B:

4 Your friend is solving a chemical problem You offer to help, but your friend says ‘no’

A: B:

5 Your friend is on duty, and she is cleaning the blackboard You offer to help, but she gives a negative

response

A: B:

6 Your younger sister is washing her clothes You offer to help her, but she gives a negative response

A: B:

F Writing

• Writing a paragraph about what you like or dislike about city life

Write a paragraph about you like and dislike about living in a city Use the cues given below The introduction and conclusion have been done for you

- many people / live / poverty / the gap / the rich / the poor / wide

I love city life, in general First, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _

In conclusion, living in a city has both advantages and disadvantages We have to decide whether city life suits us or not

TEST 1 (UNIT 2)

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined

II Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

6 The London Underground is the second largest _ system in the world

A transport B metro C metropolis D metropolitan

7 Most of the people who live in the _ work in the city

A suburbs B districts C areas D spaces

8 When food is _, many of the nutrients are lost

A prepared B washed C chopped D processed

9 What shall we do with the _ after a big party?

A customers B recipes C leftovers D remainder

10 Concrete _ refers to the world’s most densely populated cities with little space for parks

A jungle B wood C forest D building

11 Young people enjoy the city’s _ nightlife with many activities for entertainment and

leisure

A liveable B living C lively D live

12 This used to be a _ town, but a lot of people have moved away over recent years

A residential B quiet C noisy D bustling

13 It was rated the most _ city in our country

A live B liveable C lively D living

14 We make our small garden become a green _ for relaxation

A space B area C region D field

15 He needed a _ place to study for his exams

A relaxed B beautiful C lively D peaceful

III Complete the text with the words given There are some extra words that you do not need

Ha Noi is (16) _ to 5.5 million motorbikes and more than 500,000 cars With a

rapidly increasing population, these figures will continue to rise Authorities in Ha Noi plan to ban motorcycles from downtown areas by 2030 A ban is essential to solving the problems of traffic jams and air pollution, and will push people towards public means of transport Another ban on cars which are both

a bigger (17) _ to the smooth flow of traffic on narrow city streets and greater

contributors to air pollution

Ha Noi also plans to boost the (18) _ of public transport, opening new bus (19)

_ and trying to make the existing ones more prompt and efficient The biggest contributor to the problem - the use of fossil fuels - is a more difficult one to solve, because the development of renewable power does not meet the needs of reliable energy

Efforts have been made to ensure that the capital remains a healthy and desirable place to live,

topping the charts for tourist (20) _ in the years to come

IV Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

21 It didn’t take long to _ the office

A come down B carry out C get around D get up

22 The hospital is _ tests to find out what is wrong with her

A carrying out B hanging out C getting around D coming down with

23 I feel like I’m coming _ with a cold

A around B back C up D down

24 It’s great to _ with people better than you

A hang up B hang around C hang out D hang together

25 I am trying to cut _ caffeine

A down B down on C off from D in on

V Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage

There are 21,900 households in an area of less than 100 hectares of the Old Quarter in Ha Noi In

many houses, an entire family may (26) _ no more than a single room

A house on Hang Ca Street, (27) _ in the 1940s, originally belonged to one wealthy

man and his wives, and now there are six households there with about 30 people Many say the

convenience of the Old Quarter (28) _ compensates for the shortage of facilities Tradition is also a(n) (29) _ because some residents have (30) _ houses elsewhere but wants to sell the old houses or rooms (31) _ these are the houses of the

ancestors

The authorities of Ha Noi have had a plan to (32) _ 25,000 of the Old Quarter’s

84,000 residents, beginning in 2009 when 1,900 households will go to a new development area, across the Red River

However, people don't want to live in a high-rise block because they (33) _ to it Authorities will take (34) _ to find out what people will need to (35) _ them

feel comfortable in their new neighbourhood

(Source: Internet)

VI Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question

Unlike life in the countryside which is often considered to be simple and traditional, life in the city

is modern and complicated People, from different regions, move to the cities in the hope of having a better life for them and their children The inhabitants in city work as secretaries, businessmen, teachers, government workers, factory workers and even street vendors or construction workers

The high cost of living requires city dwellers, especially someone with low income, to work harder

or to take a part-time job For many people, an ordinary day starts as usual by getting up in the early morning to do exercise in public parks, preparing for a full day of working and studying, then travelling along crowed boulevards or narrow streets filled with motor scooters and returning home after a busy day They usually live in large houses, or high-rise apartment blocks or even in a small rental room equipped with modern facilities, like the Internet, telephone, television, and so on Industrialization and

modernization as well as global integration have a big impact on lifestyle in the cities The most noticeable

impact is the Western style of clothes The “Ao Dai” - Vietnamese traditional clothes are no longer regularly worn in Vietnamese women’s daily life Instead, jeans, T-shirts and fashionable clothes are widely preferred

(Source: Internet)

36 The most important reason why people move to the city is that

A to look for a complicated life B to take part-time jobs

C to have busy days D to look for a better life

37 According to the passage, city life can offer city dwellers all of the following things EXCEPT _

A the internet B friendly communication with neighbours

C a variety of jobs in different fields D modern facilities

38 We can infer from the passage that

A there is a big gap between the rich and the poor in the city

B people do morning exercise in public parks because they have much free time

C people leave the countryside because life there is simple

D most of the urban dwellers have low income

39 Industrialization and modernization may lead to

A the fact that women no longer wear Ao Dai

B the disappearance of Western-styled clothes

C some changes in lifestyles

D global integration

40 The word “impact” in paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to

A force B action C situation D effect

VII Report the discussion about the problem of overpopulation and its solutions to the class Use the cues given below The introduction and conclusion have been done for you

Many countries in the world are experiencing the problem of overpopulation caused by rapidly growing population in urban areas Both governments and individuals have a duty to find ways to overcome the problem

41 overpopulation / lead / overcrowding / poor quality of housing / many large cities / housing / bad

conditions / cause health problems / resulting in illness

_ _ _

42 another serious effect / overcrowding / a rising crime rate / especially / teenagers

_ _ _

43 government / carry out some measures to deal with the problem / firstly / authorities / build and

provide enough housing and healthcare / all their residents

_ _ _

44 secondly / a good idea / set up community projects / help improve community spirit / keep young

people / committing crimes // for example / youth clubs or evening classes / teenagers / keep them occupied

_ _ _

45 finally / police / maintain security effectively / comer / city

_ _ _

It is clear that the problem of overpopulation in cities is serious, but if the government and individuals join hands, we can get over it easily

VIII Use the words or phrases given to write meaningful sentences about what you like and dislike about city life

46 a lot of shops / shopping centres / supermarkets / we / buy anything we need

_ _

47 nightlife in cities / very exciting / many amenities and activities

_ _

48 however / pollution / biggest problem / city / because of / large number / private cars

_ _

49 traffic jams / often happen / rush hours / road accidents / a serious concern

_ _

50 living in the city / both advantages / disadvantages / you / your own decision / live in the city / not

_ _

TEST 2 (UNIT 2)

I Find the word which has a different sound in the part underlined

II Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

6 Ho Chi Minh City requires its residents to separate food _ from the rest of their garbage

A loss B ruin C rubbish D waste

7 She cooks all her meals for the week on Sundays and has the _ for lunch

A ruins B leftovers C junk D litter

8 They have established active _ with many activities, games and toys

A learning spaces B learning locations

C education spaces D education authorities

9 The _ promised to investigate the source of the flooding

A authorization B political influence

C authorities D judges

10 Most of the food we buy is _ in some way

A processed B treated C handled D fixed

11 Many people feel _ walking alone at night

A uncertain B unsafe C unsatisfactory D harmless

12 Parents should know their children’s preferences, hobbies and feelings to create _ spaces at

home

A childlike B user-friendly C eco-friendly D teen-friendly

13 The hotel offers a free _ at the airport

A pick-me-up and drop-off B pick-me-up and drop-off

C pick-up and drop-off D pick-up and dropout

14 Noise is a particular _ of those living near the airport

A concern B affair C business D interest

15 Da Nang is a very _ city and I strongly believe it to be an exciting education centre and tourist

destination

A survivable B comfortable C liveable D enabled

III Complete the text with the words given There are some extra words that you do not need

recycle reused received promote

First Plastic Waste Project to Launch in Da Nang

The first project on plastic waste recycling in Da Nang started last month, the waste treatment

plant will have the capacity to process 150 tonnes of plastic waste each month The plant will (16)

nylon bags, single-use plastic straws and cups with the highly efficient and low-cost

process The processed plastic waste could be used to (17) public or hotel rubbish bins,

panels for furniture or floor tiles

Nearly 140,000 local residents (18) guidance on waste classification at source,

while 22,000 primary and secondary school students learned about waste sorting and reduction Most

owners of fishing boats in Da Nang have committed not to (19) plastic waste into the

sea

Da Nang is the first urban area in our country to (20) ‘no plastic bottles’ at state

offices and buildings, and 30 milk-tea shops have used bio-straws and have not used single-use plastic cups

(Source: Internet)

IV Choose the correct answer A, B, C or D to complete the sentences

21 He used to with them when he was at college

A hang together B hang on C hang out D hang up

22 The doctor told him to on his drinking

A cut in B cut off C cut out D cut down

23 It is quite easy to London

A get around B move along C come around D go around

24 Don’t your old shoes, give them to me

A get away B throw away C throw off D take off

25 The committee has a survey of parking problems in residential areas

A carried off B carried out C held out D thrown away

V Choose the word or phrase among A, B, C or D that best fits the blank space in the following passage

Trees Bring Hanoians Closer to Nature

City planners have claimed trees (26) an important role in an urban environment Children (27) close to nature have better health, while walking in parks helps reduce blood pressure, stress and obesity The problem is to select the right trees and (28)

them

Ha Noi is considered one of the greenest cities in Viet Nam thanks to its beautiful and precious

trees Ancient trees in Ha Noi are frequently (29) in poems Each street can be (30)

by a tree To local residents, the hundred-year-old trees that line the streets are more than just beautiful, they are part of the city's identity

Due to the treasured place the trees have in the (31) of the local residents, Hanoians seem to have a lot of concern when construction workers chop them (32) Workers get away with digging around the trees without much care, and even (33) the

trees without enough earth to grow - making them vulnerable to storms

To (34) with the problem, Ha Noi’s authorities have started a project of

replanting trees: each of the capital's streets will be planted with two or three sorts of trees Moreover,

more people should be made (35) of the importance of protecting trees in communities

(Source: Internet)

32 A away B off C down D.0

VI Read the passage, and choose the correct answer A, B, C or D for each question

Ho Chi Minh City’s Coffee Culture

Ho Chi Minh City is a metropolis where life is very busy and hasty The best way to enjoy the balance in your mind in such a busy city is to sit on the balcony of one of the numerous coffee houses scattered throughout the city In this way, you will be out of the crowd but able to look down on the street below You will also be drinking the beverage that must be at least partly responsible for the kinetic energy that has transformed this city into one of the busiest commercial centres of Southeast Asia in just 20 years

- it is coffee

The classic Vietnamese coffee served in this city comprises strong coffee, dripped from a small metal filter into a cup containing a quarter as much sweetened condensed milk, then stirred and poured over ice in a glass

Coffee was introduced to Viet Nam by the French in the late 19th century, but the country quickly became a big exporter

At Trung Nguyen Coffee - the Vietnamese equivalent of Starbucks, with a chain of cafes across the city - the coffee menu stretches to five pages The varieties of Vietnamese coffee produced by Trung Nguyen deserve exploration They come with different bean combinations and recipes, and nice names such as “Success”, “Creation”, “Discover” and “Thought” The “Passiona”, another brand of Trung Nguyen, has been promoted for women with the promise that drinking this type of coffee would maintain perfect skin and a life of “passion and success”

(Source: Internet)

36 Coffee is considered

A the biggest part of Viet Nam’s exports

B part of the kinetic energy of Ho Chi Minh City

C the symbol of the busy and hasty life

D part of the French culture

37 When you sit on the balcony of a coffee shop enjoying a cup of coffee, you can

A watch the busiest commercial centres of Southeast Asia

B drink Starbucks coffee

C taste all types of the classic Vietnamese coffee

D relax for a while

38 We can inferred from paragraph 2 that the classic Vietnamese coffee served in Ho Chi Minh City may

be

A sweet B light C colourless D often hot

39 All of the following are true about Trung Nguyen Coffee EXCEPT that

A it is considered equivalent to Starbucks in Viet Nam

B it offers several types of coffee for customers to enjoy

C its recipes stretches to five pages

D some types have impressive names

40 The “Passiona” for women promises that by drinking this type of coffee women may have all of the

following EXCEPT that

A they will become more interested in the life

B they will be more successful in their life

C they will have perfect skin

D they will keep their skin lively

VII Report the discussion about the problem of urbanisation and its solutions to the class Use the cues given below The introduction and conclusion have been done for you

Urbanization has been a major trend in the world for the past few decades This has led to a variety of problems for young people living in these areas

41 cost of living / cities / increasing all the time // big cities / expensive places / live // young people / try

/ make ends meet / they / live / inadequate living conditions

_ _

42 another possible issue / stress // large number of people / rush / cities / seek employment / it / cause

/ a contest / find and keep a job // young people / also try / find jobs / promotions / higher salaries / sometimes they feel very stressed

_ _ _

43 certain measures / young people / get over the problems // young people / cut down / unnecessary

items / try / save money

_ _

44 another way / deal / high housing prices / moving / suburb where the rent is cheaper

_ _

45 deal with stress / life I young people / think over their ambitions and priorities / or switch / a less

stressful job

_ _ _ _

We should rely on ourselves rather than help from other people

VIII Use the words or phrases given to write meaningful sentences about what you like and dislike about city life

46 we / more good schools / broaden our knowledge / more job opportunities / get

_ _

47 many different ways / spend / free time

_ _

48 buy whatever we want / various shopping centres / supermarkets

_ _

49 however / everyone / worry / the environment / city // smoke / factories / pollute / the air / make /

people / many illnesses

_ _

50 the city / more crowded / teenagers / not have enough open space / do exercise / play sports

_ _

UNIT 3 HEALTHY LIVING

habit perhaps honour vehicle health

II Circle the underlined letter r which is pronounced /r/

III Read the sentences aloud The /h/ sounds are in bold

1 How are you?

2 He is here

3 Who has red hair?

4 Hurry uphill to the house

5 He is a happy, handsome man

6 Reheat the whole hamburger, so it is hot for her

7 Whose home is high on the hill?

8 Here is her doghouse It is heavy

9 Help! Can you hear him?

IV Read the sentences aloud The /r/ sounds are in bold Circle the silent /r/ sounds

1 Do not cry!

2 The teacher is very boring

3 Mother, you are a star!

4 Tie the rope around the bar

5 I am sorry I broke the mirror in the store

6 My father has a red race car

7 Write the letter to your brother

8 How caring is Mary?

9 The ring is on the wrong finger

V Circle the underlined letters h and r that are silent sounds, and read aloud the sentences

1 His habits are healthy but his brother’s are not

2 He has several concerns about his health

3 The artists started the performance ahead of the schedule

4 My little brother is afraid of the dark and ghosts

5 He arrived there early while the others didn’t

B Vocabulary

• Students’ life and schoolwork

I Complete the sentences with the words given below

physical diet priority maintain balance

counsellor well-balanced schedule sleep stress

1 You will feel better after a good night’s

2 Try to keep a between work and play

3 It is important to give your children healthy meals, including all the food groups

4 If agriculture were given , the country would easily be able to feed itself

5 People under a lot of may experience headaches, minor pains, and sleeping

difficulties

6 Regular exercise is good for your health

7 Email is used to contact with members of the club

8 The college now has a to help students with both personal and work problems

9 The benefits of a healthy are obvious

10 Everything went according to as they had been planned

II Complete each blank in the following sentences with an appropriate word The initial letters have been given to you

1 Ms Hoa’s arrival was seriously d _ by a late train

2 She has been feeling very s _ o _ since she started her new job

3 The doctor said she was o _ about the outcome of the operation

4 With college application d _ d _ around the comer, there was no time to waste

5 She worked hard all morning, without d _

6 The teacher believes you can a _ a lot of work in a relatively short space of time

7 After years of rejection, she finally a _ success on the big screen

8 A w _-b _ diet is always required

9 How can he fit everything into his busy s _?

10 A _ can be caused by lack of sleep

III Complete the text with the words given below There are some extra words that you do not need

variety creativity influence effect levels

role curiosity performance results relationship

At happy schools, teachers allow students to explore, understand, and get knowledge through (1)

_ For every learning topic, a series of activities and learning tasks help students acquire and

expand their knowledge from basic to advanced (2) _in different subjects A learning topic ends when students present their knowledge in a(n) (3) _of forms individually or in a group

to the school

A happy school depends on the close (4) _between the school, students, and parents Only happy teachers and happy parents have a positive (5) _on students As a result, happy students will perform better and achieve higher (6) _

According to many education experts, the learning environment in each class also plays an

important (7) _in building a happy school because children spend most of the day in their classroom Therefore, the classroom should be decorated beautifully to stimulate students’ (8)

_and desire for learning

● Vocabulary for Reading

IV Complete the sentences with the words / phrases given below

properly avoid anxiety rest junk food

additional approximately kept mood fattening

1 Children normally feel a lot of about the first day at school

2 They looked to the government for support

3 Pasta is not as as people think it is; in fact, it is healthy

4 On a daily basis, the average child in America is exposed to dozens of television advertisements for

5 The job will take approximately three weeks, and cost £1,000

6 Why are you in such a bad this morning?

7 Her illness her away from work for several weeks

8 It is important to take measures to the risk of fire

9 The doctors are doing all that they can, but she is still not breathing

10 The body requires a healthy and adequate

● Prepositions

V Complete each sentence with the correct preposition

1 People often behave irrationally when they are _ stress

2 What brought _ the change in his attitude?

3 There is a mounting anxiety _ the rise in violent crime

4 The company is concentrating its resources _ developing new products

5 Banks normally give priority _ large businesses when deciding on loans

6 Direct marketing allows a firm to communicate directly _ its customers

7 Lan’s mother encouraged her _ her ambition to become a model

8 I think his career is more important _ him than I am

9 Young people _ all ages go there to meet

10 Try to keep a balance _ work and relaxation

C Grammar

• Modal verbs in first conditional sentences

I Circle the correct modal verbs to complete the following sentences

1 If you arrive early, you should / can have time to play a game with me

2 Nam can / must help with your homework if you ask him nicely

3 If you visit my hometown, you might / must come to stay with me

4 If she phones you, you may / must tell me

5 She must / can be on time if she wants to come with us

6 You might /should catch a cold if you don’t put on a jacket

7 If we win this game, we should/ might have a chance to have a trip to Singapore

8 I may / must come to your house after school if I have enough time

II Complete the sentences, using modal verbs given in brackets

1 If you keep eating fast food, (might)

2 If you promise to finish your homework early, (can)

3 If my dad cooks dinner tonight, (may)

4 If Mai feels unwell, (should)

5 If the child doesn’t want to have toothache, _ (should)

6 If we have more money, (can)

7 If you want to study abroad, (should)

8 If you want to eat green and fresh vegetables every day, _ (must)

9 If you eat healthy food every day, (may)

10 If we try to do our best to get over difficulties, _ (might) III Read the situations, and complete the sentences with suitable modal verbs in first conditional sentences In some cases, there are more than one option

1 You are going to have a picnic with your classmates on the beach, but you don’t want to have a picnic

in the rain You told your mother this

_ _

2 Your father will give you some money to buy books tomorrow You would like to buy a new Oxford

dictionary You tell your friend this

_ _

3 You want to go to your friend’s birthday party tonight Your mother allows you to go there, but asks

you to come home by 9 p.m Here is what she tells you

_ _

4 The important exam is coming but you think that your best friend hasn’t studied enough for it You tell

your friend this

_ _

5 Your mother needs some milk to make a cake, and you may go past a convenience shop on the way

home You tell your mother this

_

_

6 You can see that your young brother studies hard in the evening and gets tired You tell him this

_ _

7 Your friend would like to work for a foreign company in the future, and English is an international

language in the world of business You tell your friend this

_ _

8 You hear that some of the ice in Antarctica has melted, and you worry about the sea level

_ _

9 The sea level is getting higher, and you worry about some islands in the oceans

_ _

10 You think that there will be some changes in the timetable for next week, and you would like your

friend to help you You tell your friend this

_ _

D Reading

• Reading about how someone could have a well-balanced life when he / she was at school

I Read the text, and choose the correct answers

Learning a second or foreign language isn’t always easy for adults When we are young, it is quite easy to learn a new language But when we become adults, our brains have to work harder

In a recent study, researchers in China and Italy discovered that doing some exercise while studying could help us learn Forty adult Chinese men and women, who were studying English, took part in the experiment

The researchers put them into two groups The first group continued to study English as before - sitting in a classroom The second group combined studying with exercise The students started riding exercise bikes 20 minutes before the start of the lesson They continued riding the bikes slowly during the lessons

In each lesson, both groups learned 40 new words, looking at each word with a picture several times on a screen After a rest, the students did a test Over a two-month time period, the students did eight similar lessons

In the tests, the students who used the exercise bikes got a higher score And when the researchers asked the students to come back a month after the experiment, the same students remembered more words

The researchers believe that the experiment shows that learning improves when students do some physical activity at the same time So, don’t be surprised to find exercise bikes in the classroom at your next English class

(Adapted from Achievers)

1 What is the best title for the text?

A Five Tips for learning a language B Keep Fit to stay Fit

C Exercise Your Brain D Test Your Grammar

2 Who took part in the experiment?

A a group of Chinese and Italian students B twenty Chinese students

C a group of students of English D adult researchers from two countries

3 The students in the second group used exercise bikes _

A during the lesson B between the lessons

C before and during the lesson D before and after the lesson

4 The focus of the experiment was on _

A learning new vocabulary B communicating in English

C reading comprehension D keeping fit

5 What did the experiment show?

A There was very little difference between the two groups

B The second group could communicate a lot better

C Learning improves when students focus on studying

D Students who did the exercise remembered more words

II Read the text, and then do the tasks that follow

Why Do We Use Time-Management Skills?

It is important that you develop effective strategies for managing your time to balance the conflicting demands of time for study, leisure, and work Time-management skills are valuable not only in job-hunting, but also in many other aspects of life: from revising for examinations to working in a vacation job

Sometimes it may seem that there isn't enough time to do everything that you need to This can lead to a build-up of stress When revising for examinations, or during your final year when you have to combine the pressures of intensive study with finding time to apply for jobs, good management of your time can be particularly important Once we have identified ways in which we can improve the management of our time, we can begin to adjust our routines and patterns of behaviour to reduce any time-related stress in our lives

Some of these skills include setting clear goals, breaking your goals down into several steps, and reviewing your progress towards your goals

Other skills involved include prioritising - focusing on urgent and important tasks rather than those that are trivial or don't move you towards your goals; organising your work schedule; list making to remind you of what you need to do

(Source: Internet}

Task 1 Read the text and select the statement that expresses its main idea

A Priority makes us have time-management skills and focus on urgent and important tasks

B Time-management skills help US do better in study and work and enjoy life more

C Good skills to deal with work may help you a lot in job-hunting after graduation

Task 2 Read the text again, and then decide whether the statements are true (T), false (F) or not given (NG) Correct the false statements

1 Time-management skills help us to balance our time between study, leisure, and work

Task 3 Answer the following questions

1 Why are time-management skills important?

_

III Read the text, and do the following tasks

What is the value of time?

A

Our time has value We can think of it like money We spend it, save it, and sometimes, we waste

it Possibly the biggest waste of time is the time we spend in traffic On average, people spend 50 hours every year sitting in traffic But imagine in the future when we have driverless cars, people might be able

to sleep on the way to work

B

Without sleep, our brain can’t work properly And our brain needs extra sleep when it’s growing

or changing So, babies need to get about 20 hours of sleep a day We are most sleepy at two o’clock in the afternoon and two o’clock at night

C

Unfortunately, some people get little or no free time More than 150 million children have jobs before they reach the age of 16 For luckier kids, there are plenty of fun ways to relax Sometimes, screens can take up too much of our time A variety of free-time activities usually makes people happier

D

If we want to study well and enjoy our valuable free time, we need to learn how to manage our time It helps if you make lists and use reminders and calendars on your phone Some people think it’s a good idea to do two or three things at the same time This is called multitasking But it’s probably better

to do something well - that can be difficult if you are doing two things at the same time

E

Our study time and holiday time is important, but these aren’t the same in every country In India, for example, students have 220 days of classes every year In the USA, they have about 180 In the USA the summer holiday is nearly three months In China it is one month

(Adapted from Scope)

Task 1 Match headings 1-6 with paragraphs A-E There is one extra heading

1 _ How can we manage our time?

2 _ How do we use our free time?

3 _ How much do we spend studying?

4 _ How can we make the time management checklist?

5 _ Why is sleep important?

6 _ How much time do we waste?

Task 2 Read the text again, and mark the sentences true (T), false (F), or not given (NG) Correct the false statement(s)

1 The time we spend on the road is the biggest waste of time