1.Giới Thiệu Bài Luận + Viết Luận 1 - Argumentative Essays (1).Docx

GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung Phần 2 của kỹ năng viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết 1 bài luận có độ dài ít nhất 250 từ về 1 chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý do và ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho[.]

GIỚI THIỆU VỀ ESSAYS Giới thiệu chung

- Phần 2 của kỹ năng viết Vstep yêu cầu viết sản sinh – viết 1 bài luận có độ dài ít nhất

250 từ về 1 chủ đề cho sẵn, sử dụng lý do và ví dụ cụ thể để minh họa cho các lập luận

- Thời gian: 40 phút

- Bài viết luận chiếm 2/3 tổng số điểm của bài thi viết Thang điểm chấm là 20 điểm

Trước khi viết, dành 5 phút phân tích đề bài và lên dàn ý chi tiết:

- Đọc kỹ đề bài để xác định xem bài luận thuộc thể loại nào:

1 Viết luận 1 : opinion/ argumentative essays (bài luận trình bày quan điểm);

2 Viết luận 2: advantages/disadvantages (bài luận về ưu nhược điểm); cho 2 quan điểm và yêu cầu thảo luận 2 quan điểm đó và đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân

3 Viết luận 3 : problems-solutions (bài luận vấn đề giải pháp); causes-effects (bài luận nguyên nhân hệ quả)

- Tìm ý: nhận dạng được loại viết luận nào 1,2 hay 3 sau đó liệt kê các ý ra nháp sau

đó chọn lọc lấy 2-3 ý lớn , mỗi ý lớn sẽ dùng để viết 1 câu chủ đề cho đoạn văn Các

ý khác có thể gộp lại làm câu hỗ trợ cho câu chủ đề hoặc làm ví dụ

Bố cục của 1 bài luận:

I Mở bài (3 hoặc 4 câu)

- Giới thiệu chung về chủ đề: general statements (2-3 câu)

- Câu thesis statement: (trả lời câu hỏi đề bài/ yêu cầu đề bài) (1 câu)

II Thân bài (2-3 đoạn) Mỗi đoạn văn trong tiếng Anh phải có ít nhất 2 câu

- Đưa ra các lập luận giải quyết yêu cầu đề bài Mỗi lập luận viết thành một đoạn sử

dụng lý do và ví dụ cụ thể để minh hoạ Nên viết từ 2-3 đoạn trong phần thân bài III Kết luận

- Tóm tắt ý chính

- Đưa ra nhận xét hoặc ý kiến cá nhân

I CÁCH VIẾT ĐOẠN MỞ BÀI (3-4 câu)

A General statements (câu chung để giới thiệu chủ đề bài viết) 2-3 câu

Có thể viết lại đề bài nhưng phải paraphrase (sử dụng từ đồng nghĩa hoặc viết lại sử dụng cấu trúc khác) thay đổi vài từ chứ đừng copy y nguyên câu của đề bài

 Khi đề bài chỉ cho 1 quan điểm

Câu 1: Giới thiệu chung chủ đề, câu này giới thiệu khái quát chủ đề, đưa chủ đề chung vào là được:

- Nowadays/ Today (ngày nay) ……(chủ đề) watching TV/Internet …… is

becoming more and more popular/developed./

Nowadays smoking/air pollution/stress/traffic jam is becoming a serious problem (chủ đề tiêu cực ví dụ smoking)

- Nowadays/In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề)…… (ngày nay ngày càng nhiều người quan tâm đến chủ đề này)

- Over the past few years/ In recent years , …….(chủ đề lớn/ chủ đề chung) has become a broad issue to the general public (In recent years (trong những năm gần đây dùng thì hiện tại hoàn thành)/

Ví dụ 1: Nowadays smoking is becoming a serious problem

Ví dụ 2: In recent years, smoking/watching TV/public transport/air

pollution/Internet has become a broad issue to the general public

Câu 2: Mượn ý tưởng của người khác; đưa quan điểm vào, câu này chi tiết hơn:

Some people believe that/ Some people think that/ Some people hold the view that

 Khi đề bài đề cập 2 quan điểm:

Khi đề bài đề cập đến 2 quan điểm thì dùng mẫu mở bài sau

- People hold different opinions about …… (chủ đề) Some argue that ……… (1 sốngười cho rằng……) quan điểm 1 vào Others, however, assert that …………(một

số người khác lại cho rằng…) chèn quan điểm 2 vào I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons (Mở bài đầy đủ 2 phần)

B Thesis statement: câu nêu ý chính của bài luận, câu này trả lời câu hỏi nêu ra trong đề bài

- Nêu mục đích bài viết: The aim of this essay is to …

- Nêu chủ đề của bài viết: This essay is about ……

- Thể hiện quan điểm cá nhân: In my view/ In my opinion, …

- I totally agree with the opinion that (liệt kê quan điểm)………

- I totally disagree with the statement that (liệt kê quan điểm)……….

- I totally agree (đồng ý)/disagree (không đồng ý) with this opinion because of the following reasons.

- In my opinion, it is a positive development (tốt)

- In my opinion, it is a negative development (tiêu cực, không tốt)

Ví dụ một số đoạn mở bài mẫu

1. Some people believe that TV programs are of no real value (ko có giá trị) for

children How far do you agree or disagree ?

Topic: watching TV

Opinion/view: watching TV is not good for children

Nowadays watching TV is a very popular leisure activity Some people say that it is

no use watching TV for children I completely / totally disagree with the statement

because of the following reasons

2 These days, more and more people are going to other countries for significant periods of time, either to find a job or to study There are clearly many benefits

to doing this, but people who live abroad can also face some difficulties Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of living and working in a foreign country

Topic : living and working in a foreign country

Nowadays, taking a year out to live or study abroad is becoming increasingly popular For many people, especially young adults, the chance to spend an extended period of timeoverseas is an attractive one However, there are both pros (thuận lợi) and cons (bất lợi)

to decoding to do this This essay will discuss the benefits and drawbacks of ….

II CÁCH VIẾT ĐOẠN KẾT BÀI

- Có cụm từ nối: In conclusion/ In short/ To sum up, ……

- Có 1 câu tóm tắt lại ý chung toàn bài

- Tóm tắt lại các ý chính của bài bằng từ ngữ khác, tránh lặp lại từ

- Chèn thêm ý kiến cá nhân hoặc lời khuyên

Các cụm từ dùng để viết 1 đoạn kết bài: (chỉ cần học thuộc 1 cụm từ thôi)

- In the final analysis,

- All things considered ,

Ví dụ 1: In conclusion/ In short, it is clearly seen that children benefit much from

watching TV such as entertaining and educational benefits In my opinion, parents should control the time that their children spend on watching TV

Ví dụ 2: In short, starting life in a foreign country is never easy You need to weigh

up the pros (thuận lợi) of the better lifestyle, weather and the cons (bất lợi) of culture

shock and language barrier Personally, I believe that the benefits outweigh /exceed (nhiều hơn) the negatives./ = There are more benefits than drawbacks

CÁCH VIẾT ĐOẠN VĂN TRONG 1 BÀI LUẬN (VIẾT ĐOẠN VĂN PHẦN

THÂN BÀI)

Cấu trúc của 1 đoạn văn

1 Câu chủ đề (topic sentence)

- Câu chủ đề là câu chứa ý chính của cả đoạn văn, đoạn văn viết về chủ đề gì

Ví dụ 1: There are some advantages to studying abroad

Ví dụ 2: Watching TV has several educational benefits to children

Ví dụ 3: Smoking affects people’s health

Firstly, …… Secondly,

2 Các câu hỗ trợ cho câu chủ đề (supporting sentences)

- Câu hỗ trợ cho câu chủ đề thường chứa các ý ở dạng nêu định nghĩa, nêu lý do, nêu

ví dụ để giải thích, lập luận cho câu chủ đề

- Dùng các từ nối để liên kết các ý với nhau ví dụ để cung cấp thêm thông tin có thể dùng là Firstly, Secondly, Thirdly, Next, Moreover, Besides, Finally, Last but not least (cuối cùng nhưng ko kém phần quan trọng)…

Ví dụ 1:

Chủ đề: Smoking should be banned in public places (Agree)

The first reason is that smoking is not good for people’s health To begin with, cigarettes contain toxic elements, so it causes a lot of diseases for smokers; for example, lung diseases, lung cancer and even death Besides, smoking affects non-smokers badly For example, people around smokers can get some diseases, especially children, the elderly people and pregnant women are easily affected by smoke Moreover, most people feel uncomfortable when being near smokers

VIẾT LUẬN 1: BÀI LUẬN TRÌNH BÀY QUAN ĐIỂM (ARGUMENTATIVE

ESSAYS/ OPINION ESSAYS)

Opinion/argumentative essays (hỏi quan điểm của bạn về một chủ đề, nhận định đồng ý hay

không đồng ý, đồng ý ở mức nào) Agree (đồng ý), disagree (không đồng ý); views;

What are your views ? Quan điểm của bạn là gì?

6 What do you think (of the statement)? Bạn nghĩa gì về nhận định này?

7 What is your opinion about…? Quan điểm của bạn là gì?

8 Which of the views do you agree with? Bạn đồng ý với quan điểm nào?

9 “Should” starting questions? (Câu hỏi bắt đầu bằng từ should)

Ví dụ 1: Should children be educated at home? (Chủ đề homeschooling/home education)

Ví dụ 2: Should smoking be banned in public places? Câu hỏi có từ should?

10 Discuss the extent which you agree or disagree with the given statement? Thảo luận bạn đồng ý hay không đồng ý ở mức độ nào?

11 Explain your position: giải thích quan điểm của bạn

12 Justify your opinion: giải thích quan điểm của bạn

13 Discuss your opinions/views

Đề bài hay có cụm từ: Write an essay to an educated reader to (yêu cầu của đề bài) discuss your opinions………

Có

2 cách tiếp cận

Cách 1: Quan điểm nghiêng hẳn về 1 phía (đồng ý hoàn toàn hoặc phản đối hoàn toàn, completely/totally agree hoặc completely/totally disagree) Mở bài cần nêu rõ quan điểm và phần thân bài nêu 2-3 ý chính (chính là lý do đồng ý hoặc lý do ko đồng ý) để chứng minh sử dụng các ví dụ và dẫn chứng.

Cách dễ nhất là trực tiếp nêu quan điểm: Thesis statement

- I completely/totally agree with the statement because of the following reasons.

- I totally disagree with the statement because of the following reasons.

- In my opinion, it is a positive/negative development

Bố cục:

Đoạn 1: Mở bài (giới thiệu chủ đề chung, giới thiệu quan điểm, trả lời câu hỏi đề bài bằng cách khẳng định hoàn toàn đồng ý hay hoàn toàn ko đồng ý)

Đoạn 2: Nêu lý do 1 và dẫn chứng, giải thích

Đoạn 3: Nêu lý do 2 và dẫn chứng, giải thích

Đoạn 4: Nêu lý do 3 (nếu có) dẫn chứng, giải thích

Đoạn 5: Kết bài (từ nối, tóm tắt lại ý chính, đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân)

Cách 2: Quan điểm trung lập: Khi bạn thấy có những điểm đồng ý nhưng cũng có những

mặt phản đối hoặc là có mặt tốt và có cả những mặt không tốt thì bạn viết theo cách 2 này, vừa đồng ý vừa không đồng ý

Đoạn 1: Mở bài (khẳng định vừa đồng ý vừa ko đồng ý; có 2 mặt đối với chủ đề này)

Đoạn 2: Nêu lý do đồng ý (mặt tốt) và dẫn chứng, giải thích

Đoạn 3: Nêu lý do phản đối (mặt không tốt) và dẫn chứng, giải thích

Đoạn 4: Kết bài (từ nối, tóm tắt lại ý chính, đưa ra quan điểm cá nhân và lời khuyên)

Ví dụ: The Internet is a good source to collect information Do you agree or disagree?

Opinion Essays Templates PLAN A (nghiêng hẳn về 1 phía) hoàn toàn đồng ý hoặc hoàn toàn ko đồng ý

Mở bài:

 Khi đề bài đề cập 1 quan điểm

Câu 1: Giới thiệu chủ đề chung (chọn 1 trong 3 câu này)

Nowadays/ In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề) (trong những năm gần đây ngày càng nhiều người quan tâm đến chủ đề này)

Hoặc Nowadays obesity/environmental pollution/video games is becoming more and more popular (phổ biến)/ a serious problem (nghiêm trọng)

Hoặc Over the past few years/ In recent years, … (chủ đề) has become a broad issue to the

general public

Câu 2: Giới thiệu quan điểm mà đề bài cho (chèn quan điểm mà đề bài cho vào)

Some people think/say that (quan điểm) smoking should be prohibited/banned (cấm) in

public places

= Some people believe that ……… (quan điểm đề bài cho)/

= Some people hold the view that (quan điểm mà đề bài cho)

Câu 3: Thesis statement (trả lời câu hỏi đề bài: hoàn toàn đồng ý hay hoàn toàn ko đồng ý)

B1: I totally agree/disagree with this opinion for the following reasons

B2: I totally agree/disagree with this opinion Discussions below are several reasons supporting my perspective

Tóm tắt lại cấu trúc đoạn mở bài khi đề bài cho 1 quan điểm:

In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ đề)

… Sau đó chép lại quan điểm mà đề bài cho I totally agree/disagree with this opinion Discussions below are several reasons supporting my perspective.

 Hoặc: Khi đề bài đề cập đến 2 quan điểm thì dùng mẫu mở bài sau (chọn 1 trong 2)

1 People hold different opinions about …… (chủ đề) Some argue that ……… (1

số người cho rằng……) quan điểm 1 vào Others, however, assert that …………(một số người khác lại cho rằng…) chèn quan điểm 2 vào I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons.

2 When the question of Ving/NP/N/ Wh (chủ đề) comes into view, different

opinions are heard Some argue that ……… (1 số người cho rằng – chèn quan điểm 1 vào) Others, however, assert that …………(một số người khác lại cho rằng – chèn quan điểm 2 vào) I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons.

Ví dụ 1 mở bài 1 quan điểm: Nowadays, more and more people especially young people prefer smoking Many people think that smoking is bad for the health of both smokers and people close by I totally agree that smoking should be banned in public places because of

the following reasons / I totally agree with this opinion Discussions below are several reasons supporting my perspective

Ví dụ 2 mở bài 2 quan điểm: Some people argue that video games are ruining (phá hoại) our kids’ life Others believe that they are providing good opportunities for children to grow and advance To what extent do you agree or disagree with the opinions?

Mở bài: People hold different opinions about video games Some argue that video gamesare ruining our kids’ life Others, however, assert that they are providing good

opportunities for children to grow and advance I find the second/ first view much better for the following reasons.

Thân bài

Firstly, hoặc là The first reason is that, (nêu lý do thứ nhất, dẫn chứng, giải

thích)

Secondly, hoặc là The second reason is that, (nêu lý do thứ 2, dẫn chứng, giải

thích) _

Finally, hoặc là The final reason is that (lý do thứ 3 nếu có)

Ví dụ 2:

Topic:

Some people believe that unpaid community service (hoạt động công ích không được trả tiền) should be compulsory (bắt buộc) part of high school programs (for example working for a charity, improving the neighborhood or teaching sports to younger children) To what extent do you agree or disagree ?

Answer: Totally agree

Firstly/ The first reason is that, life skills are very important and by doing voluntary work, students can learn not only how to communicate with others and work in a team but also how to manage their time and improve their organizational skill Nowadays,

unfortunately, teenagers do not have many after-school activities After-school clubs are nolonger that popular and most students go home and sit in front of the TV, browse the Internet

or play video games

Kết bài

In short, I strongly believe that (nêu lại quan điểm đã nêu ở câu 2 mở

bài) _ Therefore, (lời

Ví dụ kết luận 1: In conclusion, I strongly believe that smoking should not be allowed in

public places because it has a lot of disadvantages I think that people should not smoke to behealthy and live in a clean environment

Ví dụ 2: In conclusion, I strongly believe that this is a very good idea and I hope thisprogram will be put into action for high schools shortly However, it is advisable for schools

to organize suitable activities for the children so that their study and health are not negativelyaffected by too much unpaid charity work

PLAN B (cả 2 mặt, cả đồng ý và không đồng ý)

Mở bài

Cách 1

Câu 1: giới thiệu chủ đề

In recent years, an increasing number of people have been concerned about (chủ

Hoặc cách 2 khi đề bài cho 2 quan điểm

= People hold different opinions about …… (chủ đề) Some argue that ……… (1 số người cho rằng – chèn quan điểm 1) Others, however, assert that …………(một số người

khác lại cho rằng - chèn quan điểm 2) I think that there are both positive and negative sides to this Discussions below are several reasons supporting my perspective.

Ví dụ Topic: Nowadays children spend a lot of time using the media such as TV, the radio and the Internet This has negative effects on children’s health and their

performance at school Others believe that the media prepare children for the real world To what extent should children be encouraged to use the media?

Write an essay to express your opinion.

Ví dụ mở bài:

Nowadays children take more time to use to use some types of media such as TV, the

Internet and the radio While many people claim that using the media brings children many benefits, others argue that it is bad for them In my opinion, there are both positive sides and negative sides to this Discussions below are several reasons supporting my perspective Thân bài

There are some advantages to + chủ đề/ There are some reasons why I agree with (quan điểm

đề bài cho)…… _ Firstly,

Secondly,

Ví dụ đoạn thân bài 1: On the one hand, using the mass media has many advantages

Firstly, the mass media help children open their knowledge For example, they can get

information about many fields in life with a computer connected to the Internet Besides, there are many educational programs for them to watch and this is good for their study Secondly, using the mass media is a good way for children to relax after school For

instance, they can watch comedies or interesting game shows on TV It is also great to listen

to music or play games on the Internet

However/On the other hand, there are some disadvantages to + chủ đề/ There are some

reasons why I disagree with (liệt kê quan điểm đề bài

cho) _ Firstly,

_ Secondly,

Ví dụ đoạn thân bài 2:

However/ On the other hand, the media also have several bad effects/ there are some disadvantages to using the media The first one is that they are harmful to children’s

health When using the mass media too much, kids can get some eyesight problems and feel tired In the second place, the mass media contain unsuitable content (nội dung ko thích hợp)for children For example, there are some violent (bạo lực) and sexual images or content on

TV and the Internet, so children may easily learn bad things or bad behaviors Lastly, the media affect children’s study badly When taking too much time to use the mass media, children do not focus on study Therefore, they may get bad marks

- Totally Agree

- Reason 1: Life skills (communication; teamwork; time management; organizational skills)

- Reason 2: good for future job/ good CV

- Reason 3: develop a healthy lifestyle; avoid troubles

Sample essay:

It has been suggested that high school students should be involved in (tham gia vào) unpaidcommunity services as a compulsory part of high school programs Most of the colleges are

already providing opportunities to gain work experience, but these are not compulsory In

my opinion, sending students to work in community services is a good idea as it can provide them with many valuable skills / I totally agree with this opinion because of the following reasons

Firstly, Life skills are very important and by doing voluntary work, students can learn not only how to communicate with others and work in a team but also how to manage

their time and improve their organizational skill Nowadays, unfortunately, teenagers do

not have many after-school activities After-school clubs are no longer that popular and moststudents go home and sit in front of the TV, browse the Internet or play video games

Secondly, by giving them compulsory work activities with charitable or community organizations, they will be encouraged to do something more creative/ develop creativity Skills gained through compulsory work will not only be an asset on their CV butalso increase their employability (khả năng xin được việc tốt) Students will also gain morerespect towards work and money as they will realize that it is not that easy to earn them andhopefully will learn to spend them in a more practical way This is an essential advantage forthese children over the others who do not have chance to do charity work

Finally, any kind of spare time charity work is seen to help children develop a healthy lifestyle and avoid making troubles Getting involved in some kind of social and charitywork is a form of exercise, which is believed to strengthen their physical and mental health(tốt cho thể chất và tinh thần) It could also possibly reduce the troubles in the high schoolage group If students have activities to do in their spare time, they will not be bored andcome up with silly ideas which can be dangerous for them or their surroundings

In conclusion, I think this is a very good idea and I hope this program will be put into actionfor high schools shortly However, it is advisable for schools to organize suitable activitiesfor the children so that their study and health are not negatively affected by too much unpaidcharity work

Sample 2

Medical studies have shown that smoking not only leads to health problems for smokers, but also for people close by For this reason, smoking should be banned in public places Opponents argue that banning smoking would possibly affect the freedom of choice or lead to the closure of many bars and pubs However, supporters of this ban place people’s health problems at the top of the scale

Now, write an essay to an educated reader to discuss your opinions about whether public smoking should be banned or not Include reasons and any relevant examples to support your answer You should write at least 250 words

Outline

Reason 1 Smoking is not good for people’s

health

- Cause a lot of serious

diseases for smokers

- Affect people who are

Smoking has negative impacts on people’s health

- Increase the risk of various

health problems for smokers

close by negatively - Result in negative effects

on passive smokersReason 2 Smoking is bad for the

environment

- Make the ground dirty

- Pollute the water and harm

animals in the water

- Affect the air badly

Smoking is extremely harmful to the environment

- Litter the land

- Cause water pollution and

harm marine life

- Lead to air pollution

Reason 3 Smokers is a bad example for

children

- Learn a wrong thing

- Have a bad habit

Smokers set a bad example for children to follow

- Imitate a wrong action

- Lead an unhealthy lifestyle

Sample for B1

Nowadays, more and more people especially young people prefer smoking Many people think that smoking is bad for the health of both smokers and people close by I totally agree that smoking should be banned in public places because of the following reasons

The first reason is that smoking is not good for people’s health Cigarettes contain toxic elements, so it causes a lot of diseases for smokers; for example, lung diseases, lung cancer and even death Besides, smoking affects non-smokers badly For example, people around smokers can get some diseases, especially children and pregnant women are easily affected

by smoke Moreover, most people feel uncomfortable when being near smokers

The second reason is that smoking is bad for the environment Many smokers throw their cigarettes on the ground when smoking in public places, so this makes the ground dirty Besides, cigarette waste pollutes the water and harms the animals in the water Also, smoke

is toxic and polluted, so it affects the air badly

The final reason is that smokers set a bad example for children When children see an adult smoke, they can learn this wrong thing very quickly, especially teenagers often learn to

smoke to show that they are cool Therefore, they have a bad habit and it is not good for theirhealth.

In conclusion, smoking should not be allowed in public places because it has a lot of

disadvantages I think that people should not smoke to be healthy and live in a clean

environment

Sample for B2

These days the number of smokers is on the increase although smoking is believed to do harm to both smokers and non-smokers I support the idea that smoking should be prohibitedpublicly due to some following reasons

First and foremost, smoking has negative impacts on people’s health As cigarettes contain a lot of toxic elements and chemicals, it increases the risk of various health problems such as lung diseases, lung cancer, heart disease and even leads to death Furthermore, smoking results in negative impacts on passive smokers For example, people especially children and pregnant women who are nearby smokers can get some diseases easily when breathing secondhand smoke Moreover, being close to smokers makes most people feel

uncomfortable and annoyed

The second reason is that smoking is extremely harmful to the environment Smokers tend tolitter the land by throwing their cigarettes on the ground everywhere they go In addition, cigarette butts which are released into water cause water pollution and harm marine life Moreover, tobacco smoke is so toxic and polluted that it leads to air pollution

The final reason is that smokers set a bad example for children to follow When they see an adult smoke, they tend to imitate this wrong action very quickly because they can not know whether it is wrong or right Besides, some teenagers learn to smoke in order to express their coolness As a result, they lead an unhealthy lifestyle

In conclusion, there is urgent need to prevent smoking in public places because of its

negative impacts on smokers, their surrounding people and the environment It is advisable

that people quit smoking to have good health, keep the environment clean and enhance the quality of life

Sample 3 (Plan B)

Nowadays children spend a lot of time using the media such as TV, the radio and the Internet This has negative effects on children’s health and their performance at school Others believe that the media prepare children for the real world To what extent should children be encouraged to use the media? Write an essay to express your

opinion.

Outline

Benefits 1 the mass media help children

open their knowledge

- get information about many fields

- educational programs – good for their study

2 using the mass media is a good way for children to relax

- watch comedies/interesting gameshows

1 the mass media enable children

to broaden their knowledge

- provide an unlimited source of information

- educational and informative TV programmes

benefit their study

2 they are great tools for entertainment

- watch comedies/exciting gameshows

Drawbacks 1 the mass media are harmful

- learn bad things or behaviours

3 they affect children’s study badly

- take much time

- not focus on study

- get bad marks

1 using the mass media has negative impacts on children’s health

- suffer from health problems

2 the mass media contain contentthat is inappropriate to children

- show violent and sexual images/content

- imitate negative behaviours and learn negative things

3 they influence children’s academic performance badly

- spend a great deal of time

- Distract from study

- Get bad learning results

Sample for B1

Nowadays children take more time to use to use some types of media such as TV, the

Internet and the radio While many people claim that using the media brings children many

benefits, others argue that it is bad for them In my opinion, children should use the media in

a controlled way

On the one hand, using the mass media has many advantages Firstly, the mass media

help children open their knowledge For example, they can get information about many fields in life with a computer connected to the Internet Besides, there are many educational programs for them to watch and this is good for their study Secondly, using the mass media

is a good way for children to relax after school For instance, they can watch comedies or interesting game shows on TV It is also great to listen to music or play games on the

Internet

On the other hand, the media also have several bad effects The first one is that they are

harmful to children’s health When using the mass media too much, kids can get some

eyesight problems and feel tired In the second place, the mass media contain unsuitable content for children For example, there are some violent and sexual images or content on

TV and the Internet, so children may easily learn bad things or bad behaviors Lastly, the media affect children’s study badly When taking too much time to use the mass media, children do not focus on study Therefore, they may get bad marks

In conclusion, although the mass media make life easier, they bring some drawbacks to children In my opinion, the pros far outweigh their cons Parents should limit the time

children use the media to get their benefits

Sample for B2

It is obvious that there is an increasing use of the mass media such as TV, the Internet and

the radio among children While I believe that the mass media offer children great

advantages, I also argue that they are negative for children in several ways Therefore, children should be supervised while using the mass media.

On the one hand, children benefit a lot from using the mass media To begin with, the

mass media enable children to broaden their knowledge To illustrate, the Internet provides children with an unlimited source of information about various fields Moreover, watching numerous educational and informative TV programs benefits their study a lot In addition, the mass media are great tools for entertainment For example, children can release stress after hard studying hours by watching comedies or exciting gameshows on TV or the

Internet

On the other hand, the downsides of using the mass media are various First and

foremost, they have negative impacts on children’s health Taking a lot of time to use the media makes kids suffer from health problems like shortsightedness, obesity and exhaustion.Furthermore, the mass media contain the content that is inappropriate to children For

example, some websites or programmes show violent and sexual images or content, which leads them to imitate negative behaviours and learn negative things Last but not least, the media influence children’s academic performance badly To be more specific, spending a great deal of time on the mass media makes children become addicted to using them and distract children from their study As a result, they get bad learning results

To summarize, the mass media have two-sided effects Despite some shortcomings, they

make children’s life become more convenient than ever before Parents had better limit the time children spend on the mass media so that children can make use of their benefits

MỘT SỐ ĐỀ VIẾT LUẬN TRÌNH BÀY QUAN ĐIỂM

1 Recently, the role of men and women in the family has changed Men tend to spend more time taking

care of their family Women go to work and pursue their careers Is it a positive or negative

development? Give your opinion

Vai trò của phụ nữa và đàn ông trong gia đình đã thay đổi Đàn ông có xu hướng dành thời gian nhiều hơn chăm sóc gia đình; phụ nữ đi làm Theo anh chị, sự thay đổi này tích cực hay tiêu cực? Quan điểm của a chị là gì?

2 Some people think that teachers are essential to the learning process Others argue that students at

schools and universities learn far more from other sources such as the Internet and TV than from lessons with teachers What are your views on this? Giáo viên cần thiết cho việc học; ngoài ra học

sinh còn học từ nguồn khác nữa: TV, Internet Quan điểm của bạn là gì?

3 Some people argue that video games are ruining our kids’ life Others believe that they are providing

good opportunities for children to grow and advance To what extent do you agree or disagree with

the opinions? Trò chơi điện tử phá hủy cuộc sống của trẻ con Người khác thì cho rằng là trò chơi

điện tử tốt cho sự phát triển

4 If countries are serious about solving traffic problems, they should tax private cars very heavily and

use the money to provide free or very cheap rail travel To what extent do you agree with the above?

Nếu các quốc gia đang lo lắng về giải quyết vấn đề giao thông, họ nên đánh thuế vào các xe tư nhân nặng và sử dụng tiền để cung cấp dịch vụ tàu rẻ hoặc miễn phí

5 Parents should be responsible i f their children behave badly To what extent do you agree or

disagree? Bố mẹ nên chịu trách nhiệm khi con họ cư xử ko tốt

6 Governments should make more effort to promote alternative sources of energy To what extent do

you agree or disagree with this opinion? Chính phủ nên nỗ lực thúc đẩy phát triển nguồn năng lượng

thay thế

7 Smoking should be banned in public places Do you agree or disagree with this statement?

Đề bài:

Task 2: You should spend about 40 minutes on this task

Read the following text from an article about smoking

Medical studies have shown that smoking not only leads to health problems for the

smoker, but also for people close by For this reason, smoking should not be allowed in

public places Opponents argue that the forbiddance of smoking would possibly affect

the freedom of choice or lead to the closure of many bars and pubs However, supporters

of this ban place people’s health problems at the top of the scale

Now, write an essay to an educated reader to discuss your opinions about whether public smoking should be banned or not Include reasons and any relevant examples to support your answer You should write at least 250 words

8 We can not help everyone in the world that needs help so we should only be concerned with our own

communities and countries To what extent do you agree or disagree?

9 Many people decide on a career path early in their lives and keep to it They argue that this leads to

a more satisfying working life To what extent do you agree with this view? Nhiều người từ sớm họ

đã xác định nghề nghiệp của họ và họ cứ cố gắng định hướng theo nghề họ đã chọn Điều này dẫn đến 1 cuộc sống làm việc hài lòng

10 There are many different types of music in the world today Why do we need music? Is the

traditional music of a country more important than the international music that is heard everywhere

nowadays? Tại sao chúng ta cần âm nhạc? Nhạc truyền thống của 1 đất nước có quan trọng hơn

nhạc quốc tế mà hay được nghe hàng ngày hay ko?

11 Some people believe that hobbies need to be difficult to be enjoyable To what extent do you agree

or disagree? Sở thích thì phải khó thì mới vui, mới thích

12 When choosing a job, the salary is the most important consideration To what extent do you agree or

disagree?

13 In some countries, many more people are choosing to live alone nowadays than in the past Do you

think this is a positive or negative development? Sống 1 mình

14 As well as making money, businesses also have social responsibilities To what extent do you agree

or disagree? Các doanh nghiệp cũng phải có trách nhiệm với xã hội

15 Some universities now offer their courses on the Internet so that people can study online Is this a

positive or negative development?

16 Nowadays an increasing number of Vietnamese students study in a foreign country While studying

abroad is considered a life-transforming opportunity for many students, there are numerous

challenges awaiting them What are your views on this? Du học: cơ hội đổi đời? thử thách?

17 You should spend about 40 minutes on this task.

Read the following text from an article about university education.

Some people think that young people should be required to work for a year before they go to

university Such work gives young people valuable knowledge of the world, which in turns

helps them to appreciate their studies and decide what they want to do in life However, there

are those who argue that going to university immediately after school is a much better option