từ điển ô tô

edge of a panel where it joins another: Góc nối z AC = alternating current: Dòng điện xoay chiều A/C = air-conditioning: Máy điều hòa không khí ACC = accelerate used mostly on cruise c

AAA = american automotive

association: Hiệp hội ôtô nước

Mỹ

A-arm n US = wishbone: Cánh tay

đòn hình chữ A

abrasion n removal of surface

material from any solid, through

friction action: Sự mài mòn

z abrasive n substance used for

the removal of matter: Chất liệu

mài mòn

z abrasive cleaner = cleaner

which removes a certain amount

of the surface: Máy mài

z abrasive disc = rotating disc of

sanding or grinding tool: Đĩa đá

mài

z abrasive paper = paper with a

rough surface for the removal of

matter: Giấy nhám

ABS = anti-lock braking system: Hệ

thống phanh chống hãm cứng

z ABS override button = button

which cuts out the anti-lock

braking system, for drivers who

want to take threshold braking into

their own hands: Nút ngắt hệ

thống ABS

z ABS relay valve = electrically

operated valve controlling the air

pressure in an ABS system: Van

rơle ABS

abut v to make contact, especially of

gear teeth: Tiếp xúc

z abutment n (a) part which another part comes up against so that its motion is stopped; a more

formal word for ‘stop’: Điểm dừng

(b) making of contact, especially

by gear teeth: Chỗ tiếp xúc

z abutting edge n edge of a

panel where it joins another: Góc nối

z AC = alternating current: Dòng

điện xoay chiều A/C = air-conditioning: Máy điều hòa không khí

ACC = accelerate (used mostly on cruise control): Tăng tốc (nút trong hệ thống ga tự động)

z accelerate v to go faster or

make faster: Tăng tốc

z accelerated test procedure = test which has been made quicker,

by leaving out or shortening

certain items: Qui trình kiểm tra nhanh (bớt một số công đoạn)

is needed to provide extra power

and smooth response: Sự làm giàu hỗn hợp hoà khí để tăng tốc

z accelerator n (a) chemical agent which makes a reaction happen more quickly, for instance

in plastics production an additive which promotes the hardening

process of resins: Tác nhân làm

tăng nhanh hóa học

(b) pedal which controls the

opening of the throttle: Bàn đạp

ga

z depress the accelerator or

step on the accelerator = cause

the throttle to open to make the

vehicle go faster : Nhấn ga, đạp

ga

z ease up on the accelerator =

reduce the throttle opening to go

less fast: Giảm ga

z take one’s foot off the

accelerator = close the throttle in

order to slow down: Buông chân

ga

(NOTE: also called accelerator

pedal or throttle pedal)

z accelerator pump = carburetor

device that improves acceleration

by injecting an additional amount

of fuel when the accelerator pedal

is depressed: Bơm tăng tốc

z acceptance test n test of a

part or assembly for acceptable

quality: Kiểm tra chất lượng chi

tiết

z access n means of reaching

something: Sự tiến đến, sự dân

lên

z access hole = hole through

which something can be reach,

also a hole through which sealant

is injected into cavities: Lỗ thông

accessories n additional items of

equipment which can be fitted to a

vehicle or used with a basic tool:

Đồ phụ tùng

accident damage n damage to the

body-work of a vehicle resulting

from an accident: Sự hư hỏng

thân xe do tai nạn

accumulator n (a) storage battery,

especially for an electrically

driven vehicle: Bình ắc quy (b) pressure reservoir for a

suspension system with automatic

leveling: Tích áp cho hệ thống treo tự động

(c) part of a hydraulic system

which is charged by the fluid pump, absorbs fluctuating fluid delivery, stores fluid at pressure, and can provide a rapid flow of

fluid sure pressure: Bộ tích áp

accumulator battery n = storage

battery: Bình ắc quy

z accumulator-drier n device

on the low side of an conditioning system, usually at the evaporator outlet on the bulk-head which store excess refrigerant; it consists of a tank, a filter, a drying

air-agent and a vapour return tube: Bình chứa và lọc gas (lạnh)

z accumulator system n.system

in an automatic transmission comprising a hydraulic accumulator controlled by a valve,

and a running time throttle: Hệ thống tích áp (hộp số)

z accumulator valve n.valve

controlling hydraulic accumulator: Van tích áp

AC generator n = ALTERNATOR:

Máy phát xoay chiều

acid rain n rain containing

pollutants from industrial waste and vehicle exhaust gases

dissolved in the atmosphere:

Mưa axit

Ackermann steering n from of

double-pivot steering in which

the front wheels turn on kingpins

and are connected by inclined

steering arms and a track rod, so

arranged angle than the outer: Hệ

thống lái kiểu Ackermann

z Ackermann angle = toe-out or

toe-in with the wheels in the

straight-ahead position: Góc đặt

bánh xe kiểu Ackermann

z Ackermann axle = fixed-

position, steerable front axle

within two pivot points, one on

each end of the axle, with vertical

kingpin: Trục Ackermann

across corners = A/C: Ngã tư

across flats = A/F: Mặt cắt

ngang

acrylate n polymer, such as ethyl

acrylate, used in rubber

toughening: Loại nhựa dán cao

su

acrylic (paint) n paint with pigments

mixed in a solution based on

acrylic resin: Sơn acrylic

z acrylic finish = finish using

acrylic paints, often a two-pack

finish: Sơn bóng bằng sơn acrylic

z acrylic resin = any

thermoplastic synthetic polymer

made by the polymerization of

acrylic derivatives such as acrylic

acid, ethyl acrylate and

methacrylate, used for adhesives,

protective coatings, and finishes:

Nhựa acrylic (dùng cho sơn lót

và sơn bóng)

ACT = air charge temperature: Nhiệt

độ không khí nạp

activated carbon n highly porous

carbon, usually in pellet from,

granular, or powdered,

characterized by fine pores resulting in a very large surface

area per unit volume, hence able

to absorb gases, fluids, etc.: Than hoạt tính

z activated carbon canister = filter which absorbs fuel vapours from the tank and fuel system

when the engine is not running,

and when the engine running is regenerated by purging the

charcoal bed with hot air, using

engine vacuum to draw the released vapours into the intake

air stream: Bầu lọc hơi xăng bằng than hoạt tính

activated charcoal n = activated

carbon: Than hoạt tính

z activated charcoal trap =

activated carbon canister: Bầu lọc than hoạt tính

z activator n material or mixture added to an accelerated curing system to enhance the effect of the vulcanization

accelerator in tyre production: Phụ gia đẩy nhanh quá trình lưu hoá (sản xuất vỏ xe)

z activated braking time n time required to come to a standstill after the brakes have

been applied, i.e not including the driver’s reaction time: Thời gian kích hoạt phanh

z active noise control (system)

n = anti-noise system: Hệ thống

chống tiếng ồn

z active safety n active measures taken to prevent

accidents, such as more powerful

brakes and safer handling

characteristics: An toàn chủ động

z active suspension n suspension

system which uses

microprocessors to control

electronically adjustable shock

absorbers which adapt

automatically to the road surface

and load: Hệ thống treo chủ

động

actuate v to bring a part into

operation: Khởi động, đưa vào

hoạt động

z an actuating lever or switch =

a lever or switch brings a part into

operation: Công tắc (cần) khởi

động

z actuator n controlling or

operating device, e.g a vacuum

mechanism for opening flaps in air

conditioning systems: Cơ cấu

chấp hành

z actuator arm = arm

connecting the diaphragm to the

contact breaker platform in a

vacuum advance mechanism: Cần

dẫn động (đánh lửa sớm áp

thấp)

adapter or adaptor n device for

connecting two parts of different

sizes, especially an accessory for

joining a socket and a drive

handle with different sizes drives:

Ống nối, cây nối

z adapter plate = plate which

allows the mounting of a different

part from the original: Đĩa tiếp

hợp, đĩa nối

additive n substance added to fuel or

engine oil to enhance its

performance and to improve its

properties, such as upper cylinder

lubricant: Chất phụ gia

adhere v to remain attached or stick

(to something): Bám chặt, dính

z adhesion n ability to remain attached (to something), especially the ability of a tyre to

grip the road surface: Sự bám, độ bám

z adhesive n substance used to join together two or more solids so

that they from a single piece, such

as resins, formaldehyde, glue, cement, etc.: Chất kết dính

z adhesive bonding = joining together of two or more solids by the use of glue, cement, or other

z adhesive weight = a small lead

weight used to balance a wheel:

Trọng lượng chì bấm vào bánh

xe để cân bằng

adiabatic a niether losing nor

gaining heat, therefore thermally efficient: Đoạn nhiệt

z adiabatic engine = engine which makes the best use of combustion heat by reducing heat

loss due to coolant: Động cơ đoạn nhiệt

adjust v to put (something) into the

correct position: Điều chỉnh

z adjust the ignition timing =

cause the spark to occur at the

correct moment: Điều chỉnh thời

điểm đánh lửa

z adjustable a that can be

changed or made different: Có

thể điều chỉnh

z adjustable shock absorber = shock absorber which can be

made harder or softer: Bộ giảm

chấn có thể điều chỉnh được

z adjustable spanner = open–

end spanner with a single smooth

jaw that can be adjusted to fit nuts

and bolts of different sizes: Mỏ

lếch

z adjuster n device for moving

something into a different or the

correct position: Thiết bị điều

chỉnh (vị trí)

z seat adjuster = mechanism for

moving a seat backwards and

forwards: Cơ cấu điều chỉnh

khoảng cách ghế ngồi

z adjuster cam = cam in a drum

brake which acts on the shoes to

take up the adjustment, i.e bring

the shoes closer to the drum: Cam

chỉnh (phanh trống)

z adjusting gauge n tool such as

a feeler gauge used to check

distances and clearances between

parts for adjustment purposes:

Thiết bị đo khe hở (lá cỡ)

z adjusting screw = screw for

altering e.g the idling speed of

the engine or for brake

adjustment: Vít điều chỉnh cầm

chừng

z adjusting shim = shim for

reducing clearances especially in

adjusting valve tappets: Shim

(miếng chêm) điều chỉnh

(súpáp)

z adjusting sleeve = sleeve on

the end of the tie rod which

shortens or lengthens it to increase

or reduce toe-out: Thanh điều chỉnh góc chụm bánh xe

z adjustment n (a) altering or correcting the position of something or the position or valve

achieved: Sự điều chỉnh (b) possibility of altering or

correcting the position of

something; clearance or play:

Khả năng thay đổi hoặc hiệu chỉnh vị trí của một vật

z there is no adjustment left = the adjusting screw or nut is at the

end of its travel: Chỉnh hết cỡ

z to take up the adjustment = to

obtain the correct position, usually

by reducing a clearance: Hiệu chỉnh đúng (khe hở)

a-drier n paint drier with heating

elements below the stoving line:

Bộ sấy sơn

adsorption n bonding of a solid with

a gas or vapour which touches its

surface: Sự hút bám (NOTE: opposite is desorption)

z adsorption canister n = ACTIVATED CARBON

CANISTER: Bầu hút hơi xăng

advance 1 v to cause (something) to

occur earlier: Trước, sớm

z to advance the spark or

ignition or timing = to cause the

spark and therefore combustion to

occur earlier: Đánh lửa sớm

2 n extent to which the ignition

spark is made to occur earlier:

Góc đánh lửa sớm

z the ignition needs more

advance = the spark is occurring

too late: Cần đánh lửa sớm

(NOTE: opposite is retard)

z advance capsule n = vacuum

advance (unit): Bộ đánh lửa sớm

chân không

z advance curve n curve showing how the amount of ignition advance increase with the

inlet manifold: Đường đặc tính

đánh lửa sớm sớm

z the ignition is (over-)

advanced = the spark is occurring

(too) early: Đánh lửa quá sớm

(NOTE: opposite is retard)

z advance weight n either of

the two weights in a centrifugal

advance mechanism: Quả văng

của cơ cấu đánh lửa sớm ly tâm

aeration n foaming due to the

introduction of air into hydraulic

fluid or the oil of a shock

absorber: Sự tạo bọt (giảm xóc)

aerial n long metal tube for

receiving radio signals: Aênten

(NOTE: US English is antenna)

aerodynamic a 1 relating to the

flow of air round a moving body:

Khí động lực thân xe

2 (of a car, bodywork, etc )

streamlined, offering low wind

resistance: Hình dáng khí động

lực

z aerodynamics n (a) branch

of dynamics dealing with the

motion of air and with the forces

acting on bodies moving through

the air: Khí động lực học

(b) aerodynamic properties: Đặc

điểm khí động lực học

z The poor aerodynamic of

early cars resulted in wastage of

power = early cars had too much

wind resistance which wasted

power: Những chiếc xe hơi có hình dáng khí động học kém làm lãng phí công suất

(NOTE: sense (a) is singular,

sense (b) is plural)

aerofoil n wing-like structure, used

on racing cars to achieve negative

lift or down-force: Cánh giảm lực nâng xe đua

A/F = air/fuel: Tỉ số giữa gió và nhiên liệu

A/F (dimension) n width across the

flats (of a hexagon, square drive, etc.): Chiều rộng mặt cắt ngang

A-frame n a-shape chassis frame,

typically of a trailer or caravan: Khung xe hình chữ A

afterburning n completion of the

combustion of incompletely burnt

mixture in the exhaust system: Sự cháy tiếp

z CO and HC levels can be

reduced by afterburning =

emissions of carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons can be reduced by burning incompletely burnt

mixture: Mức CO và HC có thể

giảm nhờ cháy tiếp

z aftercooler n heat exchanger

in a diesel engine which cools the

intake of air before it enters the

cylinders: Bộ giải nhiệt không

khí nạp

after-start enrichment n

enrichment of the air/fuel mixture

on starting the engine, especially

in electronic fuel injection

systems, regulated by the electronic control unit ; it is reduced either at a fixed rate or as

engine temperature increases: Sư

làm đậm hỗn hợp sau khi khởi

động

aged catalyst n catalyst which has

been used: Xúc tác đã qua sử

dụng

(NOTE: opposite is fresh

catalyst)

z age-hardening n hardening of

aluminium or metal alloys as a

result of ageing: Sự đông cứng

z ageing n change of

characteristics in some metal after

heat treatment or cold working:

Sự thay đổi tính chất khi xử lí

nhiệt

aggressive agent or medium n

corrosive material which attacks

metals: Tác nhân (môi trường)

ăn mòn kim loại

agitation cup n type of paint pot for

spray guns fitted with an integral

agitator: Cốc trộn (sơn)

z agitator n device for mixing

paint by shaking: Bình trộn sơn

bằng cách lắc

a.h = AMPERE-HOUR

AH rim n rim design able to run

with a flat tyre and with increased

safety in case of sudden air loss:

Niềng xe kiểu AH (có thể chạy

khi xì vỏ)

aimer n tool for aiming headlights:

Dụng cụ cân đèn đầu

aiming n adjusting the direction of

headlight beams: Sự cân đèn đầu

air n mixture of gases forming the

atmosphere: Không khí

z put some air in the tyres =

inflate the tyres: Bơm bánh xe

z Here is too much air in the

mixture = the mixture is too weak: Hỗn hợp loãng

air bag n bag in the fascia region

which inflates on impact and thus saves the occupants of the vehicle from injury caused by being thrown against the interior

structure in a collision: Túi khí

z air bag module or unit = the air

bag plus inflator and cover: Cụm túi khí

z air bag restraint system = system using an air bag to restrain

occupants in a collision: Hệ thống bảo vệ bằng túi khí

(NOTE: this is also called a passive restraint system)

air bellows n rubber vessel or sleeve

filled with compressed gas or to act as a compression spring in air

suspensions: Giảm chấn khí

z air brake n brake

mechanism in which compressed

air acting on a piston or diaphragm

is used to apply the brakes; mainly

found in commercial vehicles:

Phanh hơi

z air charge temperature (act)

n temperature of the air sucked

into the carburettor or fuel

injection system: Nhiệt độ không

khí nạp

z air cleaner n = AIR

FILTER: Lọc gió

z air compressor n device for

supplying compressed air, e.g for

paint spraying or in an air brake

system: Máy nén khí

z air-conditioning n system of filtering air and keeping it at a desirable temperature and

humidity level: Máy điều hoà không khí

air-cooled a cooled by a current

of air as opposed to water, etc.:

Làm mát bằng khí

(NOTE: opposite is liquid-cooled)

z air correction jet n jet

admitting air into the emulsion

tube of a carburettor: Giclơ không

khí (gió)

z air cushion n = AIR BAG:

Túi khí

z air dam n spoiler under the

front bumper to reduce wind

resistance: Tấm giảm lực cản gió

z air deflector n US = AIR

SHIELD: Tấm chắn gió

z air duct n any passage

conducting air, particularly for

heating and ventilation: Ống dẫn

không khí (hệ thống điều hòa)

z air filter n device for filtering

dust and dirt out of the air drawn

into the carburettor or fuel

injection system through the air

intake: Lọc gió

z air filter element = element of

absorbent paper or felt inserted

into the air filter, which catches

dirt and dust in the air drawn into

the engine: Màng lọc gió

z airflow n flow of air past a moving object, especially a

vehicle, or through a duct: Lưu lượng không khí

z airflow sensor = sensor in an electronically controlled fuel injection system which has a flat that is deflected by the intake air and thus governs the amount of fuel delivered; it also incorporates

a temperature sensor: Cảm biến lưu lượng không khí

air/fuel (A/F) a relating to the

combination of air and fuel in the

charge for combustion: Tỉ số gió và nhiên liệu

z a lean or rich air/ fuel mixture

= a mixture containing little or a

lot of fuel in relation to air: Một hỗn hợp hòa khí giàu hoặc nghèo

z variations in the air/ fuel ratio

= variations in the amount of fuel

in relation to air, more air

resulting in a lean or weak

mixture, less air in a rich mixture:

Sự thay đổi của tỉ số hỗn hợp

hòa khí

air gulp system n system in vehicles

with secondary air injection or

induction, which prevents an

over-rich mixture being supplied to the

inlet manifold during

deceleration, resulting in unburnt

fuel being carried over to the hot

exhaust system where it cause

uncontrolled detonations: Hệ

thống cấp gió khi giảm tốc

air hold fitting n special tool for

work on OHV-engine used to

keep valves closes by mean of air

pressure: Dụng cụ đóng súpáp bằng khí nén

air horn n motor horn in which a

blast of compressed air through a

reed: Kèn hơi

z air induction or injection

system n secondary air system

without air pump, using aspirator

valves and the pulse air principle

to introduce fresh air into the exhaust system to promote afterburning of unburnt hydrocarbons and carbon

monoxide: Hệ thống bơm không

khí vào ống thải

z air injection manifold = duct

inside or a tube outside the

cylinder head feeling secondary

air into the exhaust ports: Đường

ống dẫn không khí vào ống thải

z air intake n opening through

which air enters, especially for the

carburetor or fuel injection

system, for the radiator or for the

heating and ventilating system:

Đường dẫn không khí

z airless spraying n spraying

process in which the coating

material is not atomized by a

stream of air, but is subjected to

high pressure, which cause it to

pass through a jet or nozzle

allowing it to be atomized and

projected: Phun sơn bằng áp lực

z air less spray gun = spray gun

used for air–less spraying: Súng

sơn nén

air line n (a) pipe hose or duct which

conveys air or vaccum: Ống dẫn

khí hoặc chân không

(b) compressed air supply for inflating tyres, driving compressed air tools, etc.: Bơm bánh xe

z air micrometer n precision control for adjusting the air

quantity delivered by a spray gun: Bộ chỉnh gió trong súng phun

z air outlet n opening from

which air exits, especially for ventilation and demiting: Cửa thông gió

z air pressure n pressure

exerted by air, e.g on the diaphragm of a brake servo: Aùp lực không khí (lên màng)

air ratio n air/air ratio, i.e the ratio

of the actual intake air volume to the air volume theoretically needed for complete combustion

of the fuel content of air/ fuel

mixture: Hệ số dư lượng không khí

air receiver n = AIR TANK: Bầu

chứa không khí, bình khí nén

z air select valve n valve in a

two stage catalytic converter with

secondary air injection, which is

solenoid-operated and is triggered

by the electronic control module

to direct air to the exhaust valve

ports or to the catalytic converter,

depending on operating

conditions: Van điều khiển bơm

không khí (vào ống thải)

z air sensor n sensor which

monitors the air quantity inside

the car, checks it for the presence

of pollutants, and operates flaps to

cut off the external air to the air

conditioning system if the

pollutant concentration is too high:

Cảm biến không khí trong xe

z air shield n sloping panel on

the roof of a vehicle, especially a

commercial vehicle or trailer,

intended to improve air-flow: Cánh hướng gió

(NOTE: US English is air defector)

z air shock absorber n shock absorber incoporating a rubber boot filled with compressed air serving as an auxiliary pneumatic spring ; mainly used for lever control purposes on the rear axle

of a vehicle, e.g when towing heavy trailers: Bộ giảm chấn khí

z air silencer n device usually

incorporated in the air filter to cut

out induction hiss: Bộ phận giảm

thanh trong lọc gió

z air spring n = AIR

BELLOWS: Giảm chấn bằng khí

z air suspension n vehicle

suspension in which air or gas in

compression is the principal or

only spring medium: Hệ thống

treo khí

(NOTE: also called pneumatic

suspension)

z air tank n container for

compressed air, especially for a

compressor: Bầu chứa khí nén

z air volume n quantity of air:

Thể tích không khí

Al = ALUMINIUM: nhôm

alarm (system) n theft protection

system, which typically provides

the following function : exterior

and interior protection; locking the

boot and bonnet; making the

ignition system inoperative: Hệ thống chống trộm

alarmed a protected by an alarm:

Được (gắn) chống trộm

align v to bring into line or be in line

(with something): Canh thẳng hàng

z aligning punch n tool use to

align holes, e.g for inserting a

screw or bolt or to centre round

components with other parts: Mũi đột canh lỗ

z alignment n state of being in

line or act of bringing into line: sự canh thẳng hàng

z alignment mark = mark, e.g

on a timing gear or camshaft

pulley, which must be brought into

line with another mark too give

the correct position: Dấu chỉ thị, dấu cân chỉnh

alkaline battery n secondary battery

using an alkaline electrolyte (dilute potassium hydroxide) and

used for driving electric cars: Aéc

quy kiềm

z alkaline degreasing n

removal of any greasy substances

with an alkaline solution: Dung

dịch (kiềm) tẩy

all-alloy engine n.engine in

which the cylinder head, block,

crankcase and sump are all of

light alloy: Động cơ hợp kim

z all-aluminium body n body

shell made almost entirely of

aluminium: Khung nhôm

allen key n key (in effect a spanner)

for recessed hexagon screws and

bolts, consisting of a bar with a

right angle bend and six flats in

the end: Chìa khóa lục giác

z allen screw = type of recessed

hexagon screw: Vít lục giác

alligator clip n US = CROCODILE

CLIP: Loại kẹp cá sấu

all-out braking n using the

maximum braking effort

available: Sử dụng hết khả năng phanh

z the car loses directional

stability under all-out braking =

the car tends to swerve when the brakes are applied as hard as

possible: Xe bị mất hướng chuyển động khi phanh hết cỡ

z alloy n (a) any metallic

substance of various elements:

Hợp kim (b) any light metal, typically aluminium: Kim loại màu sáng

z alloy piston = piston made

primarily of aluminium: Pittông

hợp kim nhôm

alloy wheel or (informal) alloys n

wheels made of light alloy, mainly

aluminium but also magnesium,

for sports and other high-speed

cars: Bánh xe hợp kim

all-steel body n body shell made

almost entirely of steel, asopposed

to a body with a wooden frame

and panels made of steel or

aluminium: Khung thép

z all-terrain a for use on any

kind of surface: Cho mọi địa hình

(xe)

z all-terrain tyre = tyre mainly

for off-road vehicles: Vỏ xe chạy

mọi địa hình

z all-terrain vehicle =

OFF-ROAD VEHICLE: Xe địa hình

z all-wheather tyre n tyre suitable for use in rain and on snowy or icy roads as well as in

warm and dry conditions: Vỏ xe chạy mọi thời tiết

z all-wheel drive n & a = four

wheel drive: Bốn bánh chủ động,

xe hai cầu

z all-wheel steering =

four-wheel steering: Hệ thống lái bốn bánh

alternating current (AC) n a

continuous electric current that

periodically reverses direction:

Dòng điện xoay chiều

(NOTE: opposite is direct current)

alternator (ALT) n generator which

produces three-phase alternating

current inside its stator winnings:

Máy phát (xoay chiều)

z alternator charging light = warning light on the instrument

panel which comes on when the

alternator is not charging: Đèn

báo sạc (nạp)

altimeter n instrument showing

height above sea level: Dụng cụ

đo độ cao (so với mặt nước biển)

alumina n form of aluminium oxide

used as substrate for ceramic

catalysts: alumin (một dạng của

nhôm oxit được sử dụng như

chất xúc tác cho vật liệu gốm)

z alumina beads = tiny beads of

alumina used in some catalytic

converters: Bột nhôm cho bộ xúc

tác

aluminium (AL) or US n silvery

lightweight metallic element

resistant to corrosion: Nhôm

z aluminium alloy = metal

containing aluminium mixed with

another metal or metals: Hợp kim

nhôm

z aluminium wheel = alloy

wheel: Bánh xe hợp kim nhôm

z aluminized a coated with

aluminium or aluminium paint:

Phủ nhôm

z aluminium n US =

ALUMINIUM: Nhôm

ambient air n air outside and

surrounding the vehicle: Không khí bên ngoài

z ambient temperature n

outside temperature: Nhiệt độ môi trường

zambient temperature switch

= switch which delays compressor action in an air-conditioning system when the outside

temperature is low: Cảm biến nhiệt độ môi trường

ambulance n vehicle designed for

for carrying sick or injured

people: Xe cấp cứu

ammeter n instrument for measuring

(in amperes) the electrical current

flow in a circuit: Ampe kế

amp = AMPERE

amperage (rating) n strength of an

electric current in amperes, used

e.g for making fuses: Độ lớn,

cường độ dòng điện

z ampere n the basic unit for

measuring electric current,

usually abbreviated to amp: Đơn

vị đo cường độ dòng điện viết

tắc là amp

z ampere-hour (a.h.) n unit of

the quantity of electricity flowing

in one hour through a conductor

carrying a current of 1 ampere:

Điện lượng của một dòng điện 1 ampere chạy qua vật dẫn trong

conditions such as temperature, rate of discharge, and final

voltage, depending on the number

of plates used: Dung lượng của một ắc quy (tính bằng ampere/giờ)

amplifier n device used to produce

a larger electrical signal, as to amplify sound signals in radios, etc.: Thiết bị khuếch đại

z ignition amplifier = device

used to increase the electrical

signal in an electronic ignition

system: Bộ khuếch đại tín hiệu

đánh lửa (IC đánh lửa)

amplitude modulation (AM) n form

of radio transmission in which

the frequency of the carrier wave

is uncharged, but its amplitude

varies in accordance with the

input signal: Sóng AM trong

radio

analogue cluster n instrument panel

display using dials and numbers:

Bảng đồng hồ, tableau kim

(NOTE: opposite is electronic

cluster)

anchorage n fixing point for a seat

belt , seat or other stress-bearing

item which is not part of the

structure: Sự cố định, sự định vị

anchor bolt n = THROUGH

BOLT: Bu-lông định vị, bu-lông

chốt

ancillaries n components placed

close to or fitted on the engine,

such as alternator, power steering

pump, supercharger, fuel pump and water pump, and driven by the

engine: Các thiết bị phụ trên động cơ

angle grinder n power tool (either

electric or driven by compressed air) with abrasive discs, especially for removing old paintwork and smoothing the surface prior to

spraying: Máy mài góc

z angle-nose pliers n pliers

with jaws having a right-angle

bend, for gripping e.g items in a

recess, etc.: Kềm mũi vuông

z angle of lock n angle between

the line through the centre of a

wheel seen from above when

taking a corner and the same line

when going straight: Góc lái giới

hạn

z angle parking n parking at

an angle to the pavement or

parking line: Góc đậu xe

(NOTE: also called echelon

parking)

z angle screwdriver n

screwdriver usually having two

blades at either end, both at right

angles to the shank: Tuốc nơ vít chữ Z

z angular motion n =

ROTATION: Sự xoay vòng, quay

anneal v to treat (a metal, alloy, or

glass) with heat and then cool it to remove internal stress and to

make the material less brittle: Tôi (thép)

z annealing furnace n oven or furnace with controllable

atmosphere in which metal, an alloy, or glass is annealed: Lò tôi

annular a in the form of a ring:

Hình vòng, hình khuyên

z annular gap = circular gap:

Khe hở vòng

z annulus (gear) n hollow

gear-wheel in the form of a ring

with either internal teeth, as in

epicyclic or planetary

transmissions, or external teeth:

Vòng răng

anode n positive electrode in an

electrolytic cell: Cực dương

z anodic coating or film or oxide

layer n protective, decorative,

or functional coating, formed in an

anodizing process: Màng (lớp)

oxít ở cực dương

z anodize v to deposit a hard,

non-corroding oxide layer on

(aluminium or light alloy): Lớp

oxít hóa anốt

z anodizing n process by which

a hard, non-corroding oxide layer

is deposit on aluminium or light

alloys: Oxít hóa anốt

z anodizing bath or tank = tank

in which the anodising process is

performed: Bồn oxít hóa anốt

ANS = ANTI-NOISE SYSTEM: Hệ

thống giảm thanh

ANSI (short for) American National

Standard Institute: Viện tiêu chuẩn quốc gia Hoa Kỳ

antenna n US aerial: Anten anti-chip coating n resilient

intermediate coat between the

primer and the top coat, applies to

the protect the body shell from chip-ping damage cause by gravel

or stones: Lớp sơn lót chống trầy

z anti-chipping primer or filler

= a resilient primer protecting paintwork from chipping cause by

gravle or stones: Lớp sơn lót chống trầy

z anti-corrosive a inhibiting

anti-dazzle mirror anti-thief (security) system

corrosion: Hạn chế sự ăn mòn

z anti-dazzle mirror n =

DIPPING MIRROR: Gương

chống chói

z anti-dive (system) n front

suspension arrangement that

converts the down-ward force in

the suspension links cause by

braking into a vertical force that

tends to lift the body, thus

reducing dive under braking: Hệ

thống chống chúi đầu xe

z anti-drum compound n

sticky material, usually based on

bitument or rubber, applied to the

inside of panels to reduce noise

due to vibration or ‘druming ’: Vật liệu chống rung

antifreeze n chemical, such as

ethylene glycol, added to the cooling water of an engine to

lower its freezing point: Chất chống đông

antifriction bearing n any bearing

supporting its load on rolling

surfaces, such as balls, rollers or needles, to minimize friction: Bạc lót giảm ma sát

anti-knock additive or agent n

petrol additive preventing

premature ignition (i.e knocking

or pinking ) of the mixture in the

combustion chamber, e.g

tetraethyl lead or tetramethyl

lead: Chất chống kích nổ

z anti-knock index n measure

of the antiknock properties of the

petrol, particularly in north

american, where it is defined as

half the sum of the research

octane number and motor octane

number: Chỉ số chống kích nổ

anti-rattle spring n = SPREADER

SPRING: Lò xo chống sốc

z anti-roll bar n steel torsion

bar running across the car as part

of the front and, less frequently,

rear suspension layout and used to

reduce body roll during cornering:

Thanh chống xoắn

z anti-rust treatment n

treatment of iron and steel, i.e

using sealant, for the purpose of

corrosion protection: Sự chống rỉ

sét

(NOTE: also called rust proofing)

z anti-skid braking system

(AS-BS) n = ANTI-LOCK

(BRAKING) SYSTEM: Hệ thống

phanh chống trượt

z anti-spin regulation (ASR) n control or prevention of wheel

spin under power, normally by

means of electronic sensing and in conjunction with anti-lock

braking: Sự điều khiển lực kéo

z anti-squat system n rear suspension arrangement that converts the downward force cause by acceleration into a vertical force that tends to lift the

rear body, thus reducing ‘squat’ under acceleration: Hệ thống nâng đuôi xe khi tăng tốc

z anti-squeal shim n shim places behind the brake piston (or behind the brake pad in disc

brakes) to reduce squeal: Miếng đệm chống ồn khi phanh

z anti-sway bar n US =

ANTI-ROLL BAR: Thanh chống lắc (đảo) xe

z anti-thief (security) system n

either an alarm system, or an

additional locking device

(especially for the steering

wheel), or an electric circuit

immobilizing the car by

disconnecting the start and /or

ignition: Hệ thống chống trộm

z anti-vibration mounting n

flexible (typically rubber)

mounting for an engine, gearbox

or other mechanical item, that

reduces the amount of noise and

vibration passed from the item in

question to the chassis: Giá (khung) chống rung

anvil n heavy iron block on which

something is placed for forging: Cái đe

A-pillar or A-post n upright

member in front of the front door,

a major structural part of the body

frame: Trụ đơ õ khung cửa phía cửa trước

application n use to which

something is put : sự đặt vào, sự

tra vào

z applicator n tool for putting

something onto a surface, such as

spreader for filler: Dụng cụ rắc,

trét

z apply v to put (something) on

(to something): Đặt lên

apron n panel extending

downwards, typically forming a

skirt along the side of the car or an

air dam at the front: Tấm chắn

bùn

AQL (short for ) acceptable quality

level: Mức chất lượng có thể

chấp nhận

aquaplaning n loss of contact

between the tyre and a wet road

when it rides up on a layer of

surface water: Sự trượt trên

đường ướt

aqueous solution n water-based

solution: Dung dịch nền

arbor n rotating shaft or spindle in a

machine tool on which, for

example, a grinding wheel or

piece for machining is fitted: Trục

chính, đầu lắp

arc v to jump across a gap,

especially of an electric current

forming a discharge: Hồ quang

điện

arcing n (a) sparking and discharge

at the contact breaker points in the

distributor, a cause of premature wear of the points: Sự phóng tia lửa trên vít lửa

(b) faulty spraying technique

where the spray gun is not moved along the panel surface at a

uniform distance, but is moved towards the panel when starting

and is moved away again towards the end of the panel ; this results

in an uneven thickness of paint

being applied: Sơn không đều

arc welding n welding process

widely used for do it yourself repairs (as the required equipment

is fairly cheap) in which the welding current is generated by a

transformer, and the circuit is

closed when the electrode held in the welding rod holder touches the metal surface ;the electrode burns off as the rod holder is moved

along: Hàn hồ quang điện

armature n coil or coils of wire

around a metal core in which electric current is induced in a

generator, or in which the input

current interacts with a magnetic

field to produce torque in a motor:

Phần ứng

z armature brake n mechanical

or electrical component in a

starter used to stop armature

movement after the starter motor

has been switched off: Cơ cấu

hãm trục phần ứng

z armature shaft n shaft on which the armature is mounted in

a starter or generator: Trục (lõi) phần ứng

armour-plated a made bullet-proof,

e.g with extra-thick body panels

and glass: Bọc thép

articulated a made in two separate

sections, with a joint or coupling

between them; especially of

commercial vehicles consisting of

a tractor or towing unit and a

trailer, having a swivelling

coupling giving better

manoeuvrability: Khớp nối, bản

lề

z articulated bus = bus in two

sections, usually a single-decker,

with passenger accommodation in

both sections: Xe buýt hai

khoang

asbestos-free a Không có amiăng

ASBS= ANTI-SKID BRAKING

SYSTEM

ASC see ANTI-SPIN REGULATION

ascending stroke n = UP-STROKE:

kỳ đi lên

ASD=AUTOMATIC SLIP-CONTROL

DIFERENTIAL: Vi sai tự động

kiểm soát trượt

aspect ratio n ratio between the

height and the width (e.g of a

tyre): Tỉ số giữ chiều cao và

chiều rộng lốp xe

aspiration n sucking in of the air/

fuel mixture or breathing process

of an internal combustion engine:

Sự hút (hỗn hợp hòa khí)

aspirator valve n check valve in air

induction systems: Van hút

ASR = ANTI-SPIN REGULATION:

Hệ thống ổn định xe

assemble v to put together or build

up (something) from a number of

parts: Lắp ráp

z assembled crankshaft = build

up crankshaft: Trục khuỷu được ráp từ nhiều đoạn

z assembly n the process or result of putting together a number

of components: Sự lắp ráp, quá trình lắp ráp

z assembly line = production line where a vehicle is progressively built up from its individual

components: Dây chuyền lắp ráp

asymmetric(al) a not having

parts that correspond, not uniform (especially in distribution):

Không đối xứng

zasymmetric power distribution

or split = transmitting more

power to the front or rear wheels

in a four wheel drive: Sự phân phối công suất không đối xứng

z asymmetric beam = a headlight beam which has greater intensity on one side than the

other: Chùm ánh sáng không đối xứng

z asymmetric rim = wheel rim where the well is located outside

the centreline of the wheel:

Niềng xe không đối xứng (NOTE: opposite is symmetric

rim)

ATC = AUTOMATIC

TEMPERA-TURE CONTROL: Điều khiển

nhiệt độ tự động

ATDC (short for ) After Top Dead

Center: Sau điểm chết trên

EQUIPMENT: Thiết bị kiểm tra

tự động

TRANSMISSION FLUID: Dầu hộp số tự động

atmospheric corrosion n gradual

destruction or alteration of metals

or alloys by contact with substance

present in the atmosphere, such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, water vapour, and sulphur and chlorine

compounds: Sự ăn mòn hóa học

trong không khí

z atmospheric pressure n

pressure exerted by the

atmosphere at the earth’s surface:

Aùp suất khí quyển

atomize n to produce a fine spray,

e.g of paint: Sự tán nhuyễn,

phun

z atomizer n device for

producing a fine spray e.g on a

spray gun: Cơ cấu làm mịn tia

phun (sơn)

z atomizing pressure n

pressure needed to atomize a

liquid such as a paint: Aùp suất tán

nhuyễn (sơn)

atramentizing n corrosion protection

process in which steel is coated

with phosphate using a zinc

phosphate solution at 900C: Phủ

kẽm

attachment n a fitting or accessory

to be used in conjunction with a

tool such as a grinding disc for use

with an electric drill: Đồ gá

attack n example of corrosion or

another damaging, especially

chemical, action: Sự tác động

attenuation n reduction, especially

of noise or emissions: Sự cắt

giảm ô nhiễm hoặc tiếng ồn

ATV = ALL-TERRAIN VEHICLE:

Xe địa hình

authorized dealer n firm selling and

servicing a particular make of

vehicle, appointed by the

manufacture: Đại lý ủy quyền

auto 1 n & a = AUTOMATIC n :

Tự động

2 US = AUTOMOBILE: Ôtô, xe hơi

z auto bonnet = car cap: Capô

ôtô

z autochoke n = AUTOMATIC

CHOKE: Cánh bướm gió tự động

autoclave n sealable high-pressure

container used for polymerisation

and in tyre production: Nồi hấp (trong công nghiệp nhựa và lốp xe)

automatic n colloquial short form

for automatic transmission, or a car with automatic transmission: Từ viết tắt để chỉ hộp số tự động hoặc xe có hộp số tự động

z automatic air conditioning

(system) = air-conditioning system which automatically

maintains a preset temperature: Hệ thống điều hòa không khí tự động

z automatic air recirculation

(control) system = heating and

ventilation subsystem which

automatically switch to the

recirculation mode when the

pollutant levels of the air inside

the vehicle exceed certain levels

(e.g in rush-hour nose-to-tail

traffic), but after a certain period

of recirculation (typically after 3

minutes), opens the intake air

doors again to let some fresh air

in, even if its quality is still

questionable: Hệ thống tuần hoàn không khí tự động

z automatic choke = device in the carburetor intake which positions the choke valve automatically in accordance with

engine temperature or time:

Bướm gió tự động

z automatic closing system =

system which automatically

closes doors windows and sunroof:

Hệ thống đóng cửa tự động

z automatic frequency control

= automatic retuning of stations on

the FM waveband when subject to

drift: Dò đài FM tự động

z automatic gearbox = gearbox

in an automatic transmission

system which changes gear

automatically: Hộp số tự động

z automatic level control or

levelling system = suspension

system that automatically adjust

front and rear ride heights to

compensate for changes in axle

loads ; this can either be achieved

by adding air absorbers to a

conventional suspension system,

or by incorporating the system in a

sophisticated pneumatic or

hydropneumatic suspension

system: Điều khiển độ cứng hệ

thống treo tự động

z automatic muting = car radio

circuit which automatically

cancels noise output during

tuning: Mạch trong radio tự

động loại bỏ nhiễu khi dò đài

z automatic seat belt =

INERTIA REEL SEAT BELT:

Đai an toàn tự động

z automatic slip-control

differential (ASD) =

electronically controlled,

automatic locking differential

developed by Mercedes-Benz: Cơ cấu khóa vi sai tự động

z automatic speed control =

cruise control: Điều khiển ga tự động

z automatic temperature

control (ATC) = device for

maintaining a constant temperature in the vehicle

interior: Thiết bị điều khiển nhiệt độ tự động (điều hòa)

z automatic test equipment

(ATE) = usually electronic equipment for testing ignition, wiring, fuel injection systems, etc: Thiết bị kiểm tra tự động

automatic transmission n

transmission which changes the gear ratio without assistance from the driver and without interruptionof power flows, the changes being governed by factors such as engine load and vehicle road speed (although the driver usually has a manual

override): Hộp số tự động

z automatic transmission fluid

(ATF) = special oil used inautomatic transmissions: Dầu

automatic volume control (AVC) auxiliary drive shaft

hộp số tự động

automatic volume control (AVC) n

car ratio circuit which

automatically adjusts the volume

to the noise level in the car: Sự điều chỉnh âm lượng tự động

z automic wear adjuster n device that compensates

automatically for wear, e.g in the

brakes or clutch: Cơ cấu điều

chỉnh độ mòn tự động (phanh, ly

hợp)

z automatic wire stripper n

wire striper that automatically

adjusts to the size of the wire to be

stripped and removes the

insulation without damaging the

wires inside: Kìm tuốt dây tự

động

automobile n dated or formal word

for motor car in British english,

but still widely used in american

english: Xe hơi, ôtô

z automobile association =

major motoring organization,

specially the automobile

association (AA) in great British

and the american automobile

association (AAA): Hiệp hội ôtô

z automobile engineering =

automotive engineering: Kỹ

thuật ôtô

z automobile industry = motor

industry: Công nghiệp ôtô

z automobile manufacture =

motor manufacture: Nhà sản xuất

ôtôâ

z automobile mechanic = motor

mechanic: Thợ sửa chữa ôtô

z automobile polish = car polish:

Sự đánh bóng ôtô

automotive a relating to or

occurring in motor vehicles:

Thuộc về ôtô, trong ôtô

z automotive adhesive =

adhesive used in the manufacture

of motor vehicles: Keo sử dụng

trong sản xuất ôtô

z automotive electronics = applications of modern electronics

to the motor vehicles: Điện tử ôtô

z automotive electrician = electrician working on and designing systems for motor

vehicles: Thợ điện ôtô

z automotive emissions = all types of release into the atmosphere from motor vehicles,

including exhaust gas, fuel and crankcase fumes, and noise: Chất thải ôtô

z automotive engineering = the design and construction of motor

vehicles: Kỹ thuật (công nghệ) ôtô

z automotive tool = tool for use

in the construction or repair of

motor vehicles: Dụng cụ sửa chữa ôtô (đồ nghề)

AUX = AUXILIARY: Thiết bị phụ, phụ tùng

(NOTE: an abbreviation often

used to label fused)

auxiliary a additional, upplementary:

Thiết bị phụ

z auxiliary brake lights = additional brake lights mounted at eye level in the rear window to reduce the risk of being run into

from behind: Đèn phanh phụ

z auxiliary drive shaft = secondary drive shaft driving for example, the fuel or water pumps

or distributor: Bán trục phụ

z auxiliary driving lamp = lamp

suplementing the light from the

headlamps, such as a fog lamp or

spot lamp: Đèn lái phụ

z auxiliary gearbox = extra

gearbox used in conjunction with

the main (manual) gearbox to

provide an additional range of

speeds: Hộp số phụ

z auxiliary leaf = helper leaf (in

a leaf spring): Lá nhíp phụ

AVC = AUTOMATIC VOLUME

CONTROL

average 1 n mean value or rate: Tỷ

lệ trung bình (giá trị trung bình)

2 v to achieve a certain mean

value or rate: Đạt giá trị trung

bình

3 a found by calculating the

mean value or rate: Giá trị trung

bình

z average speed or fuel

consumption = the distance

covered divided by the time taken

or the fuel used: Tốc độ trung

bình (mức tiêu thụ nhiên liệu

trung bình)

aviation fuel n fuel suitable for

aircraft: Nhiên liệu cho máy bay

awl n tool with a sharp point and a

fluted blade for piercing holes:

Cái dùi

awning n roof of canvas or similar

material stretched out from e.g a

caravan for protection from the

sun and rain: Mái che, mui xe

axis n centreline about which a body

can or could rotate, or which

divides a figure into two

symmetrical parts: Trục (quay)

axle n transverse bar, tube, shaft or

beam which carries wheels at

their end: Trục, vi sai (cầu xe)

z axle casing = external, basically tubular housing containing the differential and half-shafts and with bearings at

either end for the hubs: Vỏ vi sai

z axle housing = AXLE

CASING: Vỏ cầu xe (vi sai)

z axle load = AXLE WEIGHT:

Tải trọng cầu xe

z axle stand = tripod which is adjustable for height and used for supporting the vehicle for longer

jobs: Con đội chết 3 chân

z axle tramp = rocking or oscillation of an axle under heavy acceleration or braking due to

inadequate damping: Sự rung động của cầu khi tăng tốc hoặc phanh

z axle tube = that part of the axle

casing enclosing the half-shaft, or

the tube forming a tubular rigid

axle: Vỏ cầu (vi sai) phần bán trục

z axle weight = that part of the weight of a vehicle resting on the

wheels of an axle: Tải trọng cầu

xe

z axle drive n final drive:

Truyền động cuối cùng

z axle shaft n short shaft connecting the differential and the drive shaft on each side in an

independent suspension layout: Bán trục cầu xe

Babbitt metal back-voltage

Bb

Babbitt metal n alloy of tin, copper,

antimony, and lead still

occasionally used for bearing

surfaces: Hợp kim chống mài

mòn trong bề mặt bạc lót

baby seat n seat for babies weighing

up to about 20lbs, normally

installed facing backwards on the

front seat and allowing a half

upright seating position: Ghế dành

cho trẻ em

BAC = Blood Alcohol Content: Nồng

độ cồn trong máu

back axle n rear axle, usually on a

four wheel vehicle: Cầu sau

z back axle ratio = FINAL

DRIVE RATIO: Tỉ số truyền

động cuối cùng

backbone chassis n chassis based on

a single central spine carrying or

containing the drive train, the body

shell being mounted on outriggers:

Khung chính

backfire 1 n explosion either at the

wrong time in the cylinder, or of

unburnt or only partly burnt

mixture in the exhaust system,

causing a loud bang: Tiếng nổ ở

ống thãi

2 v to make a loud bang as a result

of unburnt or only partly burnt

mixture exploding in the exhaust

system or in the cylinder: Gây ra

tiếng nổ lớn ở pô

backlash n excessive play in a

mechanical system such as gears

or linkages, due to looseness

or flexing: Khoảng chết, khe hở

backing light n US = REAR

WINDOW: Kính sau

z US backing heater or

defogging system = heated rear window: Kính sưởi, hệ thống xông kính

z back panel n = REAR PANEL:

Tân sau xe

backplate n fixed heavy-gauge

metal plate attached to the suspension and carrying the brake shoes and brake operating mechanism of a drum brake, or the plate carrying the brake pad in a

disc brake: Mâm phanh (NOTE: US - English is backing plate)

back pressure n any pressure holding

back the flow of the gases in an

exhaust system: Áp suất ngược của khí thải

backrest n back of a seat: Lưng ghế back up v US = REVERSING: De

xe, lùi xe

back up alarm n US reverse

warning signal: Kèn báo lùi xe

z back-up light n US =

REVERSING LIGHT: Đèn lùi xe

back-voltage n voltage which

opposes the current when the current in an inductive circuit changes and the magnetic fields

cuts the conductors: Điện áp ngược

z self-induction back-voltage = back-voltage produced by self- induction; this induced electro- motive force opposes the change

badge ball

in current and enhancing it if the

current is decreasing: Điện áp

ngược tự cảm

badge n typically, the maker’s logo

in coloured enamel on chrome

plate but can also be letters or

symbols indicating a particular

type or model, such as V-12, 16V,

fiesta, etc.: Biểu tượng, huy hiệu

baffle (plate) n usually transverse

steel plate reducing the flow or

motion of gases or liquids, e.g in a

silencer, in the sump of an engine

or in a fuel tank: Tấm chắn (giảm

dòng chảy)

bake v to dry or cure (a paint or other

finish) using heat: Nung, sấy

bakelite n proprietary, hard, brittle

plastic used in the early days of

plastic engineering, esp for

electrical parts because of its good

insulating properties: Nhựa cách

điện, nhựa bakêlit

balance 1 n state in which weight is

evenly distributed: Sự cân bằng

2 v to fix weights, e.g to the rim

of a wheel or to a crankshaft in

order to correct weight distribution

and thus reduce vibration: Làm

cân bằng

z balance crankshaft =

crankshaft with extended webs to

form counterbalances or a

vibration damper: Trục khuỷu đã

được cân bằng động (nhờ đối

trọng)

z balanced engine = engine in

which all reciprocating parts such

as pistons and connecting rods are

adjusted to exactly the same

weight: Động cơ đã cân bằng

z balance control n knob or slide

control which adjusts the level of the left and right speakers of a

stereo system: Nút cân bằng âm thanh giữa loa trái và phải

z balance disc n balance device

in centrifugal pumps, in the front of

a disc fitted to the pump shaft, which lifts when a force is generated on the underside of the disc, leaking pressure until the

axial forces are balanced: Đĩa cân bằng (bơm ly tâm)

z balance pipe n in a twin carburetor layout, a pipe joining the inlet tracts or choke tubes of the two carburetors to even out

differences in flow: Ống cân bằng (bộ chế hòa khí)

z balance shaft n additional rotating shaft in the crankcase fitted with counterweights, esp in single and twin cylinder engines,

to reduce vibration: Trục cân bằng

z balance weight n small lead weight fitted to the wheel rim to

restore wheel balance: Miếng chì bấm niềng xe

z balancer n wheel balancer:

Thiết bị cân bằng bánh xe

z balancing n adjustment of incorrect and uneven weight

distribution: Điều chỉnh để cân bằng động

z balancing weight = balance weight

bald tyre n tyre on which the tread

is completely worn away: Lốp xe quá mòn

balk ring n =baulk ring: Vòng cản ball n (a) spherical part, e.g in a ball

bearing or a ball socket joint: Bi

ballast ignition system banger

(b) = TOWBALL: Khớp nối cầu

z ball and nut steering n =

recirculating ball steering: Hệ

thống lái kiểu bi tuần hoàn

z ball and socket (joint) n = ball

joint: Khớp cầu

ballast ignition system n ignition

system incorporating a ballast

resistor connected in series with

the coil primary winding and

bypassed when the starter is

operated, ensuring improved cold

starting performance and spark

efficiency: Hệ thống đánh lửa có

điện trở phụ

z ballast resistor = resister in

which the resistance increase as

the current passing through it

increases, use in motor vehicles to

control the output from the coil at

high engine speeds and provide a

better spark for starting: Điện trở

phụ

ball bearing n most common type of

antifriction bearing, comprising

two rings or races between which

hardened steel balls run in tracks,

and able to absorb both axial and

radial loads: Bạc đạn bi, vòng bi,

ổ bi

z ball bearing puller = puller for

removing ball bearings that sit on a

shaft and in a housing: Cảo ổ bi

(bạc đạn)

z ball cage n circular frame

which holds the balls in place in a

ball bearing: Vòng (rế) bi

z ball end hexagon screwdriver

n screwdriver with a ball type

hexagon tip allowing it to be used

at an angle of up to 300 from the

screw head: Tua nơ vít đầu lục

giác có vòng bi

z ball joint n mechanical coupling

in which ball on the end of one part moves freely within a recessed spherical socket in the end of another, often used in suspension

and steering linkages: Khớp cầu

z ball joint separator = tool for forcing out ball or tapered joints, either in the from of the simple fork with wedge–shaped jaw which is struck with a hammer to separate the joint,or a tool using direct pressure from a screw–activated lever action to split the

joint: Thiết bị tháo khớp cầu

ball peen hammer n hammer with a

head having one flat and one

rounded end: Búa đầu tròn

z ball socket n recessed spherical socket for receiving the ball in a

ball joint: Hốc cầu

z ball valve n non-return valve comprising a recessed spherical seating into which a ball fits to cover a hole, closing if the flow of

liquid is reversed: Van bi cầu (một chiều)

bal res = BALLAST RESISTOR: Điện trở phụ

band brake n brake consisting of a

steel band with a friction lining passing round a drum, which contracts and grips the drum, when

the brake is applied: Đai phanh (phanh)

bandwidth n range of audio

frequencies an audio component

such as a car stereo can handle: Băng tần (radio)

banger n (informal) old, cheap and

well-worn car, which may however

banger racing basic ignition setting

still be serviceable: Ôtô cũ

z banger racing = racing beat-up

old saloons from which the glass

and trim has been removed on

small tracks, with aggressive

driving and frequent contact

between the car: Cuộc đua ôtô cũ

banjo n (a) type of right-angled union

for a pipe or flexible hose,

comprising a ring–shaped piece on

the end of the pipe through which a

threaded hollow bolt is passed: Đai

siết ống

(b) drum-shaped central part of an

axle casing containing the

differential: Bán cầu vi sai

z banjo axle = rear axle with a

drum-shaped differential casing:

Vỏ cầu vi sai dạng bán cầu

bar n unit of pressure; one bar equals

100 kilopascals or 14.5

pound-force per square inch: Đơn vị đo

áp suất

bar clamp n tool with a fixed head

and a sliding foot for clamping

purposes: Thanh kẹp

barometric pressure sensor or baro

n sensor in an engine management

system providing information on

ambient barometric pressure for

the adjUStment of mixture etc.,

which is important for the

maintenance of good engine

performance at different altitudes:

Cảm biến đo áp suất khí quyển

barrel n main tubular section of a

carburetor including the air intake

and choke tube: Họng khuếch tán

bộ chế hòa khí

barrier cream n special cream

recommended for use when

working on cars to reduce soiling

of the hands and prevent skin infections or allergic reactions when working with substance such

as oils, thinners, paints, etc.: Kem bảo vệ da

z barrier effect n.the effect produced by coatings sheilding especially metal surfaces from

corrosive agents: Tác dụng chống ăn mòn

z barrier paint n primer which isolates a top coat from a surface

or other finish with which it is

incompatible: Sơn lót

base n lowest supporting part of a

usually upright member, or bottom

layer or coating in a paint system: Nền, đế, bệ, căn bản

z base coat n first coat in a paint system,either an undercoat or primer, or a coloured coat to be

cover in a coat of clear lacquer: Lớp sơn lót

z base material n material under

a coating or which is to be coated: Vật liệu nền

z base metal n metal under a

coating or which is to be coated: Kim loại nền, kim loại cơ bản

z base metal attack = corrosion

of the metal under a finish: Sự ăn mòn kim loại nền

z baseplate n strong metal plate which forms the base of

something: Tấm đế kim loại

basic ignition setting or timing n

position to which the ignition is set, which is then varied by the

automatic advance system: Thời điểm đánh lửa cơ bản

z basic price n minimum list price of a centain car model, to

basic timing battery discharge controller

which must be added any tax or

extras, the charge for delivery,

number plates, etc.: Giá gốc

(chưa thuế và phí)

z basic timing n.=basic ignition

timing: Thời điểm đánh lửa cơ

bản

batch n 1 number of things

produced as a group: Một lượt,

một đợt

2 mixture of natural and/ or

synthetic rubbers, and vulcanizing

agents, used in tyre production:

Hỗn hợp cao su và chất lưu hoá

bath n process of immersion or the

container used: Bồn, bể, chậu

battery n on most cars, a lead-acid

storage-battery, usually of 12

volts: Aéc quy, bình điện

z the battery is flat or dead =

there is no current left in the

battery: Aéc quy hết điện

z check the battery and top up if

necessary = check the level of the

battery acid in the battery cells and

add distilled water to restore the

level if needed: Kiểm tra mực

dung dịch và châm nước

battery acid n fluid in the cells of a

car battery, in fact sulphuric acid:

Dung dịch điện phân

z battery capacity n = ampere

hour capacity: Dung lượng ắc quy

z battery case n housing make

of polypropylene used to

accommodate the cells of a battery

with their plates and seperators,

and the battery acid: Vỏ bình điện,

vỏ ắc quy

z battery charge n condition of

the battery in relation to the

amount of current stored unit: Sự

charge of the battery: Đèn báo sạc

z battery charger = device which can be plugged into the mains and connected to a store battery to

restore its state of charge: Máy (cục) sạc bình

z battery charging station = centre with high capacity battery chargers for recharging batteries,

esp of electric cars: Trạm sạc bình

z battery compartment n separate space provided for the battery, usually under bonnet but sometimes below the rear seat or

in the boot: Ngăn đặt ắc quy

z battery condition n.= battery

charge: Tình trạng ắc quy

z battery connector n plug on battery-powered vehicle to connect

the batteries to a charging station: Dây nối bình

z battery cover n one-piece cover permanently sealed to the battery case and with common batteries provided with one opening for each of the individual cells for filling and topping-up purposes, such openings are usually closed by plugs but are absent on modern maintenance–

free batteries: Nắp đậy bình điện

z battery discharge controller n device on vehicle with electric motor drive, which triggers a warning indicator and/ or turns off the power supply when the battery

battery earth bead

voltage drop bellow a certain

minimum level: Thiết bị bảo vệ

ắc quy khỏi sự phóng điện

z battery discharge indicator =

instrument on vehicles with

electric motor drive which

indicates battery charge condition

in percent of full charge: Đồng hồ

báo độ phóng điện

z battery earth n earth provided

by a braided earth strap or a heavy

–duty cable leading from the

negative terminal (or

exceptionally, in positive earth

systems, from the positive

terminal) to a suitable point on the

body or chassis: Nối mass ắc quy

z battery filler n device with a

suction ball which can suck up

liquid and discharge it into the

battery: Thiết bị châm dung dịch

z battery fluid n = battery acid:

Dung dịch điện phân

z battery ignition (system) n

general term for any

battery-powered ignition system where

battery voltage by an ignition coil

or transistorized ignition unit: Hệ

thống đánh lửa bằng ắc quy

z battery master switch n

switch which disconnects the

battery completely and cuts off

power to all electrical components:

Công tắc ngắt mass ắc quy

z battery post n round terminal

on a battery to which cable is

attached, USually by a clamp: Cọc

bình

(NOTE: to avoid confusion, the

positive post is usually of larger

diameter than the negative post)

z battery state indicator =

battery charge indicator

z battery terminal n terminal on the battery either in the front of a post or a lug with a hole; also used sometimes to mean the clamp on

the end of the cable: Cực ắc quy

z battery tester n voltage meter

or hydrometer for checking the

state of charge of a battery: Thiết

bị kiểm tra ắc quy

z battery tray n metal ledge supporting the battery, usually on

the side of the engine bay: Khay đựng ắc quy

baulk ring n part in a synchromesh

gearbox which prevents a gear

being engaged too soon: Vòng đồng tốc

bayonet cap n cylindrical base of an

electric light bulb, usually with two pins projecting on either side, which engage in j-shaped slots to

lock the bulb securely in its socket: Đuôi đèn

z bayonet fitting or socket = socket with either twin contacts or

a single contact and j-shaped slots

on either side to receive the pins of

the bulb: Rãnh chụp đuôi đèn BDC = BOTTOM DEAD CENTRE: Điểm chết dưới

bead n (a) the part of a tyre which is

shaped to fit the rim, made of steel wires wrapped and reinforced by

the plies of the tyre: Tanh (gân) vỏ xe

(b) any small ball-like part, such as

the glass beads used in bead blasting or the pellets used in

contains catalytic converters: Hạt xúc tác

z bead base n the part of the tyre

bead blasting bearing separator

bead in contact with the rim bead

seat: Tanh chính

z bead blasting n cleaning

process using glass beads that is

fairly slow, but gives a high quality

finish since paint and

contamination can be removed

without affecting the critical

tolerances of parts being blasted:

Sự xử lí bề mặt (sơn)

z bead core n ring of steel wires

in the tyre bead: Lõi tanh vỏ

bead seat mat n seat cover made of a

network of wood beads: Thảm bọc

ghế bằng các miếng gỗ nhỏ

beam axle n now used for any rigid

axle, but the original sense was a

nondriven axle form of an I-section

beam: Dầm cầu bị động dạng chữ

I

beam indicator n light on the

instrument panel which comes on

usually only when the main

headlight beam is in use: Đèn báo

đèn pha

bearing n device which supports or

positions a usually rotating or

reciprocating part such as a shaft,

esp in such a way that little or no

friction results: Bạc lót, ổ bi

bearing assembly n assembly of

more than one bearing for the

same component, where more than

one load has to be supported: Cụm

ổ bi (2 vòng trở lên)

z bearing cage n circular frame

which holds the balls or rollers in

place in a ball or roller bearing:

Vòng cách ổ bi

z bearing cap n rigid,

semicircular part which encloses

and holds the outer shell of a shell

bearing, as in the main bearings of

an engine: Nắp đầu to thanh truyền (biên)

bearing clearance n space between

the bearing surface and its journal: Khe hở giữa biên và bạc lót

z check the con rod for big-end

bearing clearance = check the gap between big-end and crankpin: Kiểm tra khe hở giữa đầu to thanh truyền và cổ trục khuỷu

z bearing cone n = taper roller

bearing: Ổ bi côn

z bearing cup = bearing shell:

Bạc lót hai nửa

z bearing housing n housing for a bearing, such as the centre section

of a turbocharger which supports compressor and turbine housings and the shaft to which the compressor and turbine wheels are

attached: Thân đỡ bạc lót (tăng áp)

z bearing material n metal layer forming the surface of a plain

bearing, typical of white metal: Lớp kim loại bề mặt bạc lót

z bearing puller n tool used to remove different types of bearings

by pulling action: Dụng cụ tháo bạc đạn

z bearing race n in balls or rollers bearings, one of two steel rings between which the balls or

rollers run in tracks: Vòng (trong hoặc ngoài) bạc đạn

z bearing separator n special tool used to separate double bearings or close fitting gear, esp when a conventional jaw-type puller cannot be used, having bevelled edges which allow

bearing shell belted bias tyre

insertion behind the bearings and

gears to be separated: Dụng cụ

tháo bạc đạn đặc biệt

z bearing shell n one of a pair of

thin semicircular steel cups lined

with an alloy such as copper-lead

or lead-indium, which together

enclose a shaft or other rotating

member, and are held in a circular

housing which can be divided into

two halves: Bạc lót hai nửa

z bearing spread n diameter

slightly greater than that of the

housing with which almost all main

and big-end bearings are

manufactured; this means that the

bearing shell has to be force into

place, and so can not rotate; there

is also total contact between its

back and the housing: Sự căng

lưng bạc lót

z bearing surface n area of the

bearing actually in contact with the

shaft or other member being

supporting: Bề mặt tiếp xúc của

bạc lót

bed n flat area used as a support:

Nền móng

z bed in v to make parts fit

together accurately: Chạy rà

z it take a while for new brake

pads to bed themselves in = new

brake pads have to wear slightly to

be a perfect fit on the discs: Tốn

thời gian để những bố phanh ăn

khớp hoàn toàn với đĩa phanh

z bedding-in oil n engine oil for

use when run in new bearings:

Dầu chạy rà máy

beefed up a (informal) made

stronger, e.g for heavy loads:

Mạnh để tăng tải

beetle n (informal) the original rear

engined volkswagen: Tên gọi của

xe Volkswagen

bell housing n circular housing

between the crankcase and gearbox containing the flywheel and clutch, or the torque converter

in the case of automatic

transmission: Cácte bánh đà hay đầu trâu hộp số

belt n (a) loop of strong material

passed round two or more pulleys and transmitting drive from one to the other, such as a fan belt or

timing belt: Dây đai (truyền động)

(b) = seat belt: Dây đai an toàn (c) reinforcing layer or layers of

steel or nylon strands in the carcass

of a radial fly tyre: Lớp bố vỏ xe

z belt anchorage n point where the end of a seat belt is attached to

the body of a car: Mấu giữ đai an toàn

belt drive n system for transmitting

power by means of a belt passing

round pulleys: Truyền động dây đai

belted bias tyre n hydrid tyre which

is a mixture between cross-ply and radial-ply designs, with added belts (as in radial tyres) on diagonal body plies (as in cross-ply tyres), resulting in stiffer sidewalls

than with straight radial tyres: Loại vỏ với lớp bố xiêng (chéo)

z belt end n part of the seat belt carrying the buckle and attached to the floor pan, increasing replaced

by buckle attached directly to the

car seat: Đầu giữ đây đai an toàn

belt mounting binnacle

belt mounting n = belt anchorage:

Mấu giữ đai an toàn

z belt retractor n device which

automatically pulls the seat belt

back into its reel: Cơ cấu rút đai

an toàn

z belt sander n power sanding

tool with a rotating belt lined with

abrasive: Máy đánh bóng bằng

băng vải nhám

z belt slacker n.looseness of a

drive belt: Sự giãn dây đai

z belt slip n slipping of a drive

belt on its pulleys due to

insufficient tightness, so that no

power is transmitted: Sự trượt đai

z belt tensioner n.arrangement

for tightening a drive belt, often

comprising an idler pulley whose

position can be adjusted: Thiết bị

căng đai

z belt transmission n = BELT

DRIVE

z belt up n to put on one’s seat

belt: Khoác dây đai an toàn

(NOTE: US English is buckle up)

z belt webbing n strong webbing

material used for seat belts: Đai

vải

bench n workbench, also used to

mean a test bed for engines: Bàn

thợ máy, băng thử động cơ

z bench grinder n power grinder

for mounting on a workbench, with

two grinding wheels for grinding

and sharpening purposes: Bàn

máy mài

bench seat n seat in one piece

tretching across the full width of

the car: Ghế dài trong xe

bench test n stationary test, esp of an

engine, in which it is mounted in a

test bed and run for a period of time ;checks being made with the aid of instruments on e.g power output , fuel consumption and

emission levels: Kiểm tra động cơ trên băng thử

bench vice n vice for mounting on a

workbench: Bàn êtô

bending pliers n pliers with flat

smooth jaws used to hold sheet

metal in place,e.g for welding: Kìm mỏ cong dùng trong kỹ thuật hàn

z bending strength n ability of a material to resist the bending

moment: Sức (độ) chịu uốn

Bendix drive n form of drive mainly

used for starter motors, where a pinion is mounted on a shaft with a helical screw and rushes down the shaft into engagement with the starter teeth in the flywheel when

the shaft is spun: Truyền động bằng bánh răng Bendix trong máy khởi động

(NOTE: also called inertia drive,

due to the heavy piston moving along the shaft under the momentum of its own weight or inertia when the shaft turns inside it)

z Bendix screw = the form of helical screw on the shaft of a

starter motor: Rãnh xoắn ốc (đề)

z Bendix starter = starter motor

with a bendix drive: Máy khởi động sử dụng bánh răng Bendix benzene (C 6 H 6) n fluid constituent of

petrol: Benzen-loại hydrocacbon thơm, mạch vòng

binnacle n cluster of instruments

and/or switches mounted in a

bio-degradable bihexagonal

usually circular casing fixed on or

near the steering column: Dụng cụ

đo hay công tắc đặt trên vô lăng

lái

bio-degradable a cable of being

made to rot by bacteria: Có thể bị

thối rữa do vi khuẩn

bit n part of a tool for boring or

cutting, esp the interchangeable

tip of a drill or the blade of a

screwdriver: Mũi (cắt, xoáy)

z bit adapter or holder = tool

with a female square drive at one

end to accept hexagon bits: Bộ

phận gá tuýp

bevel differential n differential

which bevel gear for its main

element, which allows the input

and output shaft to be at right

angles to one another: Bộ vi sai

bánh răng nón

bevel drive shaft n shaft with a bevel

gear at one ends, used esp for

driving an overhead camshaft:

Trục dẫn động bánh răng nón

bevel gear n gear shaped in the

form of a frustum of a cone, used

to transmit motion through an

angle: Bánh răng nón (côn)

z bevel gear drive or

transmission = form of

transmission used to drive shafts

which do not align with the output

shaft: Sự truyền động vuông góc

beverage holder n circular clip for

holding a beaker or glass, typically

on the centre console: Vòng giữ

bezel n circular metal surround or rim

of an instrument, headlamp: Đai

giữ

BHP = BRAKE HORSEPOWER:

Công suất phát động (hãm)

bias belted tyre n = cross–ply tyre:

Vỏ có lớp bố xiên

bicycle carrier n.device attached to

the rear of a car, often supported

on a towbar, for carrying a bicycle:

Giá treo xe đạp (trên xe hơi)

big-block engine n US typical large

american V-8 engine of the 1960s and 70s, with a simple and robust design including cast-iron block and heads and conventional carburetors, and giving ample

power and enormous torque: Động

cơ lớn của Mỹ

big end n end of the connecting rod

which fits round the crankpin: Đầu

to thanh truyền

z big-end bearing = bearing of the connecting rod on the crankpin, now nearly always in the form of replaceble shell bearings, but formerly of white metal deposited

on fixed shells: Bạc lót đầu to thanh truyền

z big-end bolt = one of the bolts fixing the big–end cap to the

connecting rod: Bulông đầu to thanh truyền

z big-end cap = the detachable end of the connecting rod which

fits on the crankpin: Nắp đầu dưới thanh truyền

bihexagon n & a (figure) having

twelve angles ; the shaft of some nuts, botls heads and their

corresponding sockets: Có mười hai cạnh

z bihexagon socket = socket which will it a standard hexagon

bolt head or nut: Tuýp mười hai cạnh

z bihexagonal a (of a nut, bolt

bimetallic corrosion blood alcohol (level or content)

head, etc.) having twelve angles or

points: Có mười hai cạnh

bimetallic corrosion n corrosion of

two different metal exposed to an

electrolyte while in electrical

contact: Sự ăn mòn điện hóa của

lưỡng kim

binding n (a) rubbing of brake shoes

against the drum or of brake pads

against the disc: Sự bó phanh

(b) strip material turned over along

the edge of a carpet or mat: Rìa

bao, viền

bituminuos paint n black or dark

coloured tarry paint which contain

bitumen ; used for the protection of

exposed metal parts: Sơn có chứa

nhựa

black box n (informal) (a) = crash

recorder: Hộp đen

(b) = control unit: Cụm điều khiển

z black chromium plating n

electrolytic deposition of a black

chronium layer for decorative

purpose: Mạ crôm đen

z blackening n = bulb

blackening: Bóng đèn hỏng (đen

tim)

blade n straight, narrow flat part,

such as the end of a screwdriver,

the part of the windscreen wiper in

contact with the windscreen, or one

of the vanes of a rotor or impeller:

Lưỡi, cánh, mái, phiến

z blade connector = plain metal

tongue for forming electrical

connections: Phiến giắc nối (dây

điện)

z blade rubber = rubber strip

fitted into the arm of a windscreen

wiper: Miếng cao su lau kính (lá

z blanking plug n rubber plug for

filling holes in the floorpan: Nút bịt bằng cao su

blast cleaning n.remove of corrosion,

dirt, scale, etc., by a blast of

abrasive particles: Sự làm sạch bằng chất nhám

bleed v to drain fluid from (a

hydraulic system) usually to remove any air which may have

found its way in: Xả gió

z bleed(er) screw = screw which when slacked off allows hydraulic

fluid to escape: Vít xả gió

z bleed(er) valve = valve which when opened allows hydraulic

fluid to escape: Van xả gió

blind rivet n = pop rivet: Đinh tán

đầu chìm

z blind spot n area not visible

from the driver’s seat: Điểm mù

blister n bubble in the paintwork

cause by trapped moisture or air

under the paint or by rust: Bong tróc, giộp lên, phồng lên (sơn)

blistering n formation of blisters due

to rust or air or moisture trapped

under the paint: Sự bong tróc

z blocking ring n = baulk ring:

Vòng đồng tốc

block n = cylinder block: Khối

xylanh

z block sanding n sanding the bodywork with a sanding block which gives even sanding

pressure: Phun cát

blood alcohol (level or content) n

amount of alcohol in the blood due

blooming blow-out

to drinking: (Nồng độ) cồn trong

máu

blooming n formation of an

undesired thin surface film or a

milky white haze or mist on

paintwork, which can occur when

paint is applied during humid, cold

conditions and is caused by

moisture being trapped in the wet

film: Sự ngưng tụ hơi nước trên

lớp sơn khi sơn xe trong thời tiết

lạnh ẩm

blow 1 v to become defective, either

by leaking or burning through: Bị

hư vì rò hoặc cháy

2 n leak of air or gases,e.g from

the exhaust: Sự rò rỉ khí thải

z the silence or exhaust gasket is

blowing = gases are leaking from

the silencer or exhaust gasket: Khí

thải đang rò rỉ từ ống giảm thanh

(pô)

z the short circuit caused the

fuse to blow = the fuse burnt

through because of the overload

caused by the short circuit: Ngắn

mạch gây ra đứt cầu chì

z blowback n forcing back of

some of the air/fuel mixture

through the carburetor due to a

sticking valve or as a result of the

inlet valve closing late: Nổ dội

z blow-by n leakage of

compressed air/ fuel mixture and

gases (from combustion) past the

piston rings into the crankcase: Sự

lọt khí

z blowdown n escape of gases

between the opening of the

exhaust valve and the piston

reaching bottom dead centre, or in

a two-stroke engine between

exhaust port opening and transfer

port opening: Sự quét khí

z blowdown period = in a stroke engine, the period between exhaust port opening and transfer port opening which should be sufficiently long to drop below time for the cylinder pressure, so that the exhaust gases can be

two-expelled more easily: Chu kỳ quét khí

z blower n (a) (informal ) =

SUPERCHARGER: Bộ tăng áp (nén khí)

(b) fan for an interior heating and

ventilation system, or more rarely

for an air-cooled engine: Quạt gió (giàn lạnh)

z blower switch = switch for the fan of a heating and ventilation

system: Công tắc quạt gió

z blow gun n pressure–fed spray gun with a wide nozzle used to blow out crevices, dust off large

areas, etc.: Súng thổi sạch (để sơn)

z blowlamp n tool giving an intense flame for burning off paint, brazing and soldering , and heating

lead filter: Đèn đốt sơn (NOTE: US English is blow torch)

z blow-off valve n spring-loaded valve that prevents excessive boots pressure in a turbocharger or

supercharger: Van xả khí (tăng áp)

z blow out v to clean (a blocked pipe,etc.) by blowing or passing air

under high pressure through it:

Thổi với áp suất cao (để thông ống)

z blow-out n puncture in which

blue smoke body roll

the tyre bursts and often leaves the

rim: Nổ vỏ

blue smoke n exhaust smoke

indicating too rich a mixture: Khói

xanh (hỗn hợp quá giàu)

CORPORATION

BMW n German make of car, the

letters standing for bayerishe

motorenwerke: Xe hơi của Đức (

viết tắt của chữ Bayerishe

Motoren Werke)

board n = printed circuit board: Bo

mạch in

z board test = test of the printer

circuit board: Kiểm tra bo mạch

in

bodge 1 n (informal) a hasty

botched-up repair, not carried out with the

proper tools or materials: Sự sửa

chữa tạm thời, chắp vá

2 v (informal) to do work badly,not

using the proper tools or materials:

Sửa chữa vội vã

body n (a) main visible upper

structure of a vehicle, as opposed

to the chassis and running gear:

Thùng, thân xe

(b) main part or housing, e.g of a

silencer: Vỏ bọc, thân

(c) shank of a bolt: Thân bulông

z body assembly n building up of

the body from its various

components and panels: Sự lắp

thùng xe

z body builder n coach-builder:

Thợ làm đồng xe

z body-coloured a (of bumpers,

etc.) painted in the same colour as

the body: Sơn cùng màu thân xe

z body component n structural

part of the body: Thành phần

thân xe

body construction n manufacture

of a vehicle body: Sự chế tạo thân

xe

z body fire n hand tool for smoothing body panels by removing material from the surface, e.g on filled areas, consisting of a file blade held in an adjustable holder that may be adapted to convex or concave

surfaces: Dụng cu làm phẳng bề mặt

z body filler n filler: Thợ trét

ma tít

z body framing n assembly of

the body components: Sự lắp ráp khung xe

z body glass n windows and

windscreen of a car: Kính xe

z body hammer n hammer for

knocking out dents: Búa gò thân

xe

z body-in-white n bare body shell after welding but before

painting: Thân xe trước khi sơn

z body jack n hydraulic device for proving the force to push or pull damaged body part into shape, either directly or via straightening

equipment, e.g pulling beams:

Con đội dùng nắn khung

z body repair n repair to the bodywork of a car made necessary

by accident damage or corrosion:

Sửa chữa thân xe (làm đồng)

z body repair shop = workshop

specializing in the body repairs:

Xưởng sửa chữa thân xe (xưởng đồng sơn)

z body roll n rolling a vehicle’s

body when cornering: Sự lắc

body shell bonnet release

nghiêng thân xe

z body shell n the bare skeleton

of a vehicle, stripped of all running

gear, fittings, accessories and

detachable panels: Bộ khung xe

z body shop n (a) body assembly

shop in a factory: Xưởng lắp ráp

thân xe

(b) = body repair shop: Xưởng làm

đồng sơn

z body stripe n ornamental strip

along the bottom of the side of the

body usually on sports cars and

including the make and / or model

name in large letters: Đường viền

thân xe

z body tub n bare body shell

minus all removable panels such as

doors and wings on cars featuring a

separate chassis which is lowered

onto the chassis during assembly:

Bộ khung xe (trừ các chi tiết có

thể tháo được)

z bodywork n complete body

structure mounted on the chassis of

vehicles with separate chassis, and

the complete assembly of sheet

metal panels for car of unitary

construction: Thân xe

bogie n assembly of four wheels on

two axles with common

suspension, usually on heavy

commercial vehicles and trailers:

Rơ moóc

boil v to bubble and change party to

vapour due to heat, said of engine

coolant and colloquially of a car or

its engine, also of brake fluid:

Làm sôi

z boiling point n temperature at

which a liquid boils: Điểm sôi

(nhiệt độ)

bolt n piece of metal bar with a screw

thread and a usually hexagon head, for use with a nut or for screwing into a part with a matching female

thread: Bulông

bond 1 n state of adhesion: Trạng

thái gắn chặt

2 v to join by means of an

adhesive: Dán, liên kết, nối

z bondung agent n material that

provides adhesive properties: Chất kết dính

z bonding method n method of joining two parts together with an

adhesive: Phương pháp kết dính

bonnet n hinged cover over the

engine bay, usually of metal but

now often of fibreglass: Nắp capô, nắp đậy máy

(NOTE: US English is hood)

bonnet badge n badge usually stating

the make in sometimes the model

of vehicle in the centre of the front

edge of the bonnet: Biểu tượng hãng trên nắp capô

bonnet bump rubber or bonnet bump n rubber buffer mounted on

the vertical panel onto which the

bonnet is lowered: Đệm nắp capô

bonnet liner n sound-absorbing

material attached to the inside of

the bonnet to reduce engine noise: Lớp cách âm trong capô

bonnet lock n locking mechanism

comprising a notched peg fixed to front underside of the bonnet, which fits into a hole with a sliding

latch in the panel above the grille:

Cơ cấu khóa nắp capô

z bonnet release n cable with a handle inside the vehicle which

releases the bonnet lock: Chốt mở

bonnet (support) stay bore

capô (bên trong xe)

z bonnet (support) stay n rod

which engages in a hole in the

bonnet to hold it in the open

position: Thanh chống nắp capô

z bonnet tape n double piping

with fabric covering used to keep

bonnet of on older-style cars from

rubbing in the paintwork of the

panels beneath them: Đường viền

nắp capô

booming n low-pitched resonance,

esp in the exhaust: Tiếng nổ

vang ở ống thải

boost 1 n addition power, pressure or

charge, esp the pressure from a

supercharger: Sự tăng áp, tăng

công suất

(NOTE: also called boost

pressure)

2 v to increase (power, charge,

pressure, etc.), amplify (an audio

signal, etc.): Tăng, khuếch đại

z boost control valve = blow-off

valves: Van điều khiển tăng áp

z booster n amplifier unit which

increase the audio signal level at

the loudspeakers, fitted between

the radio or stereo unit and the

speakers, often mounted in the

boot: Bộ khuếch đại (âm ly)

z booster battery n additional

battery connected in series to give

added power for starting: Ắc quy

được mắc nối tiếp để khởi động

z booster cable = n jump lead:

Dây nối ắc quy

z booster coil n addition coil

which increase the strength of the

spark: Cuộn dây phụ để tăng

điện áp đánh lửa

z boost gauge n instrument

indicated boost pressure: Thiết bị

đo áp suất tăng áp

z boost pressure n pressure in the intake system of the superchargered engines when the

superchargered operates: Aùp suất tăng áp

z boost sensor n sensor located

in the choke tube which sends a signal to the ignition control unit according to pressure conditions, and the control unit then adjusts the ignition timing for optimum

performance: Cảm biến áp suất tăng áp

z boost valve n valve in a hydraulic system which amplifies

pressure: Van tăng áp (trong hệ thống thủy lực)

boot n (a) separate area for lugguage

behind the rear seats and mostly behind the rear window, or below the rear window in the case of fastback designs, with a hinged

cover: Ngăn hành lý (capô sau) (b) = DUST BOOT: Vỏ chắn bụi, vỏ chụp

(c) = WHEEL CLAMP: Cái kẹp bánh xe

z booted version n subsequent saloon version with boot of a model originally launch as a

hatchback: Ngăn hành lý riêng biệt

z boot handle n handle for

opening the bootlid: Tay cầm mở ngăn hành lý (capô sau)

z bootlid n hinged cover for the

boot: Nắp ngăn hành lí phía sau

bore 1 n (a) diameter of a cylinder,

especially of a cylinder in an

internal combustion engine:

bossing mallet 36 bottoming

Đường kính xylanh động cơ

(b) internal wall of a cylinder:

Vách xylanh

2 v to bore and stroke an engine =

to increase the bore and stroke of

an engine: Làm tăng đường kính

và khoảng chạy của piston

z to bore out an engine = to

increase the bore of an engine:

Tăng đường kính xylanh (lên cốt)

z bore/ stroke ratio n relation of

the piston stroke to the diameter of

the cylinder of an engine, which

provide information as to whether

the engine is a short stroke or a

long stroke unit: Tỉ số giữa

khoảng chạy và đường kính

xylanh

bossing mallet n mallet with a

pear-shaped wooden head commonly

used for shaping and stretching

metal over a sandbag or wooden

block: Cái vồ đầu lồi

botch 1 n very badly executed piece

of work: Sự làm hỏng, sự làm

vụng về

2 v to do (a piece of work) very

badly: Làm hỏng, làm vụng về

z botched-up job = (informal)

very badly executed repair which

is unlikely to last very long: Sửa

chữa quá tồi

bottle jack n small hydraulic jack in

the shape of a bottle: Con đội hình

chai

z bottleneck n narrow stretch of

road, or point on a road where

traffic is held up: Chỗ đường hẹp

dễ bị tắt nghẽn

bottom 1 a lower or lowest: Thấp

nhất

2 n lowest point: Phần đáy, dưới

cùng

3 v (a) (of suspension) to reach the

bottom end of its travel causing a

jolt: Đạt đến điểm cuối

(b) (of a low part of vehicle) to make contact with the ground: Điểm tiếp xúc với mặt đường

z bottom dead centre (BDC) n lowest point of travel of the piston

in a (vertical) piston-operated combustion engine, from which the piston starts to move up-wards again until it reaches the upper

point of travel (top dead center): Điểm chết dưới

z the inlet valve closes 600 after bottom dead centre or BDC = the

inlet valve closes 600 after the

piston‘s lowest point: Van nạp đóng sau điểm chết dưới 60 0 (NOTE: opposite is top dead

centre; the corresponding point (to BDC) in a horizontally opposed or

‘flat’ engine is that furthest from the combustion chamber, also

called outer dead centre)

z bottom end n (a) all moving part in the crankcase and their bearings, or more narrowly, the end of the connecting rod attached

to the crankshaft (the big end):

Đầu to thanh truyền

(b) lower range of engine revolutions: Vòng quay động cơ thấp

z bottom end torque = pulling

power at low engine speed: Mômen xoắn tại tốc độ thấp

z bottom gear n first gear: Số

một

z bottoming n contact between a low part of a vehicle and the

bottom tank brake adjuster

ground: Điểm tiếp xúc với mặt

bounce v (a) (of valves or contact

breaker points) to chatter or

bounce instead of closing properly

at high speeds: Nảy lên, bật lên

(b) to put down and release a

conner of a vehicle : Sự hạ xuống

và bật lên của một góc xe

bowden cable n control cable

consisting of a wire cable in a

sheath, used especially for choke,

clutch, and accelerator cables: Cáp

điều khiển

bowser n tanker for refuelling

especially military vehicles and

aircraft: Thùng tiếp tế nhiên liệu

box n = silencer: Hộp giảm thanh

z box spanner n spanner in the

form of a tube with one or two

hexagonal socket ends for fitting

over nuts and bolt heads, and with

holes in the sides to accept

crossbar called a tommy bar: Ống

tuýp

z box van n van with a large

square-sectioned enclosed area for

goods behind the driver’s cab: Xe

có thùng chứa hàng hóa

z box wrench n US = ring

spanner: Khóa vòng

B-pillar or B-post n upright member

behind the front door supporting

the roof and carrying the striker

plate for the front door and, in the

case of four-door models, the

hinges for the rear door: Trụ giữa

ở khung cửa xe

brace n part providing support or

reinforcement between two or

more components: Giá, khung, trụ chống, thanh giằng

z bracing n (a) (action) stiffening

by mean of braces: Sự gia cố (b) brace; part used to provide of support: Thanh giằng

bracket n support usually made from

metal strip for a part carried on or suspended from a vehicle, such as

a fog lamp or exhaust system: Giá đỡ, dầm côngxôn

braided hose n usually rubber pipe

covered in woven material or braided wire, for fuel lines or

brake hoses: Ống bện bố

brake 1 n (a) mechanism for slowing

or stopping a vehicle in motion, or

for holding it when standing still:

Cơ cấu phanh, phanh

(b) device for measuring the power

of an engine: Thiết bị đo công suất động cơ

(c) = SHOOTING BRAKE: Phanh

bị đâm

z to put on or apply the brakes =

to brake: Đạp phanh

z to stand on the brakes =

(informal ) to brake hard: Kẹt

phanh

z to test an engine on the brake

= to find out how much power an

engine develops: Đo công suất động cơ

(NOTE: the device used nowadays

is called a dynamometer)

2 v to operate the brakes in order

to slow down: Đạp phanh

z brake adjuster n device in a drum brake system for moving the

shoes in relation to the drum: Cơ

brake adjusting spanner brake fluid

cấu điều chỉnh phanh (phanh

trống)

z brake adjusting spanner =

special spanner with a square

cutout to fit over a square adjuster

projecting from the brake

backplate: Khóa điều chỉnh

phanh

(NOTE: US English is brake

wrench)

z brake adjusting tool =

lever-tyre tool for use on drum brakes

with star wheel adjustment, which

fits through a slot in the backplate

to turn the star wheel and adjust

the clearnce between the brake

shoe and the drum: Dụng cụ điều

chỉnh phanh

z brake band n device used to

hold one of the three turning

members of the planetary gear set

in an automatic gearbox stationary

in order to change gear ratios,

being replaced in more modern

designs by, for example, and

multiple-disc clutches: Đai phanh

z brake bleeder n workshop

equipment used to bleed air from

hydraulic brake, clutch or steering

system on vehicles: Dụng cụ xả

gió phanh

z brake cable n wire cable used

to operate the brakes in some

mechanical brake systems, still

used for trailers and for the

handbrake on most cars: Dây cáp

phanh

z brake caliper n assembly in a

disc brake system fitting over the

disc and containing the piston

which act on the brake pads, which

in turn press on the disc: Bộ kẹp

phanh

z brake cylinder n = wheel

cylinder: Xy lanh phanh

z brake disc = flat metal disc in a disc brake system, mounted on a wheel hub and rotating with the wheel until acted on by the brake

pads: Đĩa phanh

(NOTE: US English is disc brake rotor)

z brake dive n dipping of a car’s front end or lifting of the rear end when the brakes are applies, due

to a load transfer from the rear to

the front suspension: Sự chúi đầu

xe khi phanh

(NOTE: opposite is squat)

z brake drum n metal drum mounted on a car hub to from the outer shell of the brake, against which the brake shoes press to slow or stop rotation of the drum

and wheel: Trống phanh

z brake fade n loss of friction in the brakes and thus of stopping

power due to overheating: Sự trượt phanh (do quá nhiệt)

z brake failure n complete

failure of the brakes to function:

Hư hỏng phanh

brake fluid n special thin oil used in

hydraulic brake systems to transmit force through a closed system of

pipes (i.e brake lines): Dầu phanh

z brake fluid reservoir = usually

a translucent plastic tank located either directly on top of the master cylinder or on a higher lever for easier access, which contains two chambers in dual-circuit braking systems, and may include a lever

brake horsepower brake shoe

sensor: Bình dầu phanh

brake horsepower n power

developed by an engine which is

measured by a brake or

dynamometer; often abbreviated

as bhp: Công suất động cơ

z brake hose n flexible,

reinforced high-pressure hose,

used to connect the fixed brake

pipes to the brake assemblies that

move up and down with the

wheels: Ống dẫn dầu phanh

z brake light n.red rear light

activated when the foot brake is

applied; usually integrated in a tail

light assembly: Đèn phanh

(NOTE: also called stop light)

z brake lining n curved strip of

friction material usually containing

asbestos attached to a brake shoe:

Bố phanh

z riveted or bonded brake

linings = brake linings attached to

the brake shoes with rivets or

glued on with adhesive: Bố phanh

được tán rivê hoặc dán

z brake mean effective pressure

(BMEP) n average pressure in the

cylinders of an engine divided by

its mechanical efficiency, i.e the

ratio of the power actually

delivered at an output shaft to

power developed in the cylinders;

used as an indication of torque: Áp

suất (tỉ lệ giữa công suất ở trục

ra bánh xe và công suất phát ra

từ xy lanh) hiệu quả trung bình

z brake pad n pad of friction

material on a steel plate that is

brought into contact with the disc

under heavy pressure in a disc

brake: Bố phanh

z brake pad wear indicator = either a mechanical system which produce screeching, squealing, or scraping noise when the pads are worn, as the metal indicators contact the brake discs, or an electrical system in which worn pads close an electric circuit that illuminates a warning light on the

instrument panel: Thiết bị báo mòn phanh

z brake pedal n pedal on the floor of a vehicle in front of the

driver which operates the brake: Bàn đạp phanh

z spongy brake pedal = lack of normal resistance when the pedal

is pressed often due to air in the

hydraulic system: Bàn đạp phanh

z brake pulling n pulling to left

or right as a result of uneven

braking effort: Phanh bị đâm (sang trái hoặc sang phải)

z brake rotor n US = BRAKE

DISC: Đĩa phanh

z brake servo (unit ) n apparatus which supplement the driver’s physical effort in providing most of the force required for braking, usually using vaccuum from the

inlet manifold: Bộ trợ lực phanh

z brake shoe n curved part in drum brake systems with T-shaped cross section, made of sheet steel

or an alloy casting, to which the brake lining is riveted or bonded

with adhesive: Guốc phanh