Introduction
Testing methods can be categorized based on three criteria: a) the type of specimen undergoing combustion; b) the fire model employed in the test; and c) the nature of the corrosivity measurement.
Eprouvette
L’éprouvette est un produit manufacturé Exemples: une carte de circuit imprimé, un tableau de distribution, un ordinateur ou un câble.
L’éprouvette est une partie représentative d’un produit.
4.2.3 Essai de matériau ou d’échantillon composite
L’éprouvette est un matériau de base (solide ou liquide) ou un mélange de matériaux.
Modèle feu
The quantity, production rate, and corrosive nature of fire effluents released from a given material or product are not inherent properties but are critically dependent on the conditions under which they burn Key variables influencing the composition of fire effluents include the chemical nature of the sample, the decomposition temperature, and the significance of ventilation.
It is essential to demonstrate that the testing conditions outlined in a standardized testing method (fire model) are relevant to the specific stage of a real fire and provide an accurate representation The ISO has published a general classification of fire stages in the document ISO/TR 9122-1, as shown in Table 1 Key factors influencing the production of emissions include oxygen concentration and irradiation/temperature.
Nature de la mesure de corrosivité
Dans ces cas, la cible de corrosion est un produit manufacturé.
Exemples: circuits imprimés, tableaux de distribution, machines à laver et ordinateurs.
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3.9 leakage current electrical current flowing in an undesired circuit
3.10 smoke visible part of fire effluent [ISO/IEC 13943, definition 150]
Test methods can be classified according to three criteria: a) the nature of the test specimen which is burned; b) the fire model used in the test; c) the nature of the measurement of corrosivity.
The test specimen is a manufactured product Examples include: a printed circuit board, a switchboard, a computer or a cable.
The test specimen is a representative portion of a product.
4.2.3 Material or composite sample testing
The test specimen is a basic material (solid or liquid), or composite of materials.
The amount, the rate of production and the corrosive nature of fire effluent released from a given material or product is not an inherent property of that material or product, but is critically dependent on the conditions under which that material or product is burnt The chemical nature of the test specimen, the decomposition temperature and the amount of ventilation are the main variables which affect the composition of fire effluent.
It is critical to show that the test conditions defined in a standardized test method (the fire model) are relevant to, and replicate, the desired stage of a real fire ISO has published a general classification of fire stages in ISO/TR 9122-1, shown in Table 1 The important factors affecting effluent production are oxygen concentration and irradiance/temperature.
4.4 The nature of the corrosivity measurement 4.4.1 Product testing
In these cases the corrosion target is a manufactured product.
Examples include: printed wiring boards, switchboards, washing machines and computers.
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The impact of damage caused by fire effluent corrosion on products can be assessed through the functional deterioration rate, which is determined by examination or measurements.
Dans ces cas, la cible de corrosion est un circuit imprimé ou un film métallique de faible épaisseur qui simule un produit.
The effects of damage caused by fire effluent corrosion on the target can be assessed through changes in appearance, mass, or measurements of mechanical, physical, or electrical properties.
An indirect evaluation method does not rely on a corrosion target; instead, it measures characteristics of the gases and vapors released For instance, it assesses the amount of halogen acid produced or the pH and/or conductivity of a solution where the gases and vapors emitted from combustion have been dissolved.
Tableau 1 – Classification générale des stades de feu conformément à ISO/TR 9122-1
The article discusses the decomposition of materials without flames under various conditions In the first stage, the temperature ranges from 21°C with a CO2/CO ratio of non-applicable and irradiation below 100 kW/m² For flame-free decomposition through oxidation, the CO2/CO ratio is between 5 and 21, with irradiation levels under 500 kW/m² and less than 25 kW/m² Lastly, for flame-free pyrolysis, the CO2/CO ratio is below 5, with irradiation levels reaching up to 1,000 kW/m², while other parameters remain non-applicable.
(avec flammes) a) Ventilation relativement faible 1 à 5