1631 assignment 2 (pass)

1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) 1631 assignment 2 (pass) fpt greenwich

Assignment 2 SDLC 1631

ASSIGNMENT 02 FRONT SHEET

Qualification BTEC Level 5 HND Diploma in Computing

Unit number and title Unit 09: Software Development Life Cycle

I certify that the assignment submission is entirely my own work and I fully understand

the consequences of false declaration is a form of malpractice

plagiarism I understand that making a

❒ Summative Feedback: ❒ Resubmission Feedback:

2.1

Grade: Assessor Signature: Date:

Internal Verifier’s Comments:

Signature & Date:

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

LO3 Undertake a software development lifecycle D3 Critically evaluate

how the use of the function design paradigm

in the software development lifecycle can improve software quality

M4 Discuss two

approaches to improving software quality

LO4 Discuss the suitability of software behavioural

design techniques

D4 Present justifications

of how data driven software can improve the reliability and

effectiveness of software

P7 Explain how user and

software requirements

have been addressed

M5 Suggest two software

behavioural specification methods and illustrate their use with an example

M6 Differentiate between

a finite state machines (FSM) and an extended-

FSM, providing an application for both

TABLE OF CONTENT

I.UNDERTAKE A SOFTWARE INVESTIGATION TO MEET A BUSINESS NEED (P5) 7

1.Stakeholder 7

2.Stakeholders role in Tune Source Project 8

3.Requirement definition of the project 9

4.Identify FRs and NFRs of Tune Source Project 10

5.Discuss the relationships between the FRS and NFRS 11

6.Discuss the technique(s) you would use to obtain the requirements 11

II.USE APPROPRIATE SOFWARE ANALYSIS TOOLS/TECHNIQUES TP CARRY OUT A SOFTWAREINVESTIGATION AND CREATE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION(P6) 14

1.Requirements modeling………15

2.Flowchart……… 17

3 Pseudocode………19

4.Context Diagram for the whole system .20

5.Data Flow Diagram – Level 0 for the whole system 21

6.ERDbfor the whole system .22

III Explain how user and software requirements have been addressed (P7) 26

1.Use case diagram for the whole system 28

a Customer 29

b Supplier 29

c.Admin 29

2.Use Case specification for 2 Use cases 30

a Use case specific for search function 30

b Use Case specification for Purchase Song 31

c Use Case specification for Download Songs 31

d Use Case specification for Add Songs 32

3.Technical solutions 32

4.Architecture 33

P5.UNDERTAKE A SOFTWARE INVESTIGATION TO MEET A BUSINESS NEED

1.Stakeholder

A stakeholder is both an individual, organization or employer who's impacted with the aid of using the results

of an assignment or an enterprise venture They have a hobby withinside the achievement of the assignment and may be inside or out of doors the employer this is sponsoring the assignment Stakeholders are very crucial due to the fact they can have an advantageous or bad impact at the assignment with their decisions There also are crucial or key stakeholders, whose help is wanted for the assignment to exist Identify the stakeholder, their roles and interest

• Types of Stakeholders

While each undertaking has stakeholders and people stakeholders may be everyone with affect or that may

be inspired with the aid of using the undertaking We have already visible that there may be many stakeholders and with a view to be in addition mentioned soon But all stakeholders may be damaged into groups: inner stakeholders and outside stakeholders Let’s check both

Internal Stakeholders

Internal stakeholders are folks who are inside the corporation The undertaking at once influences them as they serve and are hired with the aid of using the corporation coping with it These can encompass personnel, owners, the board of directors, undertaking managers, traders and more

External Stakeholders

External stakeholders are the ones folks who are outdoor of the corporation and are circuitously impacted with the aid of using the undertaking They are, however, inspired with the aid of using the corporation’s paintings however aren't personnel of the corporation These human beings may be suppliers, customers, creditors, clients, intermediaries, competitors, society, authorities and more (Landau, 2022)

• Roles of Stakeholders

Direct the Management: The stakeholders may be part of the board of administrators and consequently

assist in taking actions They can take over sure departments like service, human assets or studies and improvement and manipulate them for making sure success

They Bring in Money: Stakeholders are the massive buyers of the employer, and they can every time carry

in or take out cash from the employer Their choice shall depend on the employer’s economic performance Therefore, they can pressurize the control for economic reviews and alternate methods if necessary Some stakeholders may even boom or lower the funding to alternate the proportion fee withinside the marketplace and for that reason make the situations favorable for them

Help in Decision Making: Major stakeholders are a part of the board of administrators Therefore,

additionally they take selections at the side of different board members They have the electricity to disrupt the selections as well The stakeholders additionally have all the powers to rent senior-degree control Therefore, they're there in all the foremost choice-making regions They additionally take selections concerning liquidations and additionally acquisitions

Corporate Conscience: Large stakeholders are the foremost stakeholders of the employer and feature

monitored over all the foremost sports of the employer They could make the employer abide with the aid

of using human rights and environmental laws They additionally screen the outsourcing sports and can vote

in opposition to any commercial enterprise choice if it harms the long-time desires of the employer

Other Responsibilities: Apart from the above 4 foremost roles additionally they have a few different roles

to play with inside the employer They can discover new regions for marketplace penetration and accelerated sales They can carry in extra advertising and marketing thoughts They additionally entice different buyers like honeybees withinside the employer They may be part of a choice board or a consultant for the employer Moreover, they can take all the foremost social and environmental selections

2 Stakeholder’s role in Tune Source Project

Assistant Vice President, Marketing

accountable for the general fulfillment of the task, along with appointing the task supervisor and team, defining fulfillment criteria, and making sure the successful shipping of the task

IT department: Programmers, Designers, Testers, Data Analysts

accountable for supervising the general device or different responsibilities

Marketing Department They are accountable for getting capacity

customers or clients inquisitive about the

goods and services Besides, it may be visible that they commonly require interplay with the clicking or different media with the motive is

to make an essential statement or market the corporation's new product

Providers: Musician, Singer, Vendor Big Hit, Entertainment

Providers offer your corporation with track gadgets and depend on you to generate cash from the ones sales

Customer: Members, Buyers Customers need a view to offer and

concentrate on truthful price, and besides, be inquisitive about shopping organization products

3/ Requirement definition of the project

Project requirements are situations or duties that ought to be finished to make certain the fulfillment or finishing touch of the project They offer a clean photograph of the paintings that wishes to be done They're supposed to align the project's sources with the goals of the organization The blessings of efficiently collecting project requirements encompass value reduction, better project fulfillment rates, extra powerful alternate management, and progressed conversation amongst stakeholders

Project requirements may be classified into 3 predominant categories:

Business requirements are the high-level wishes of the enterprise They deal with what is required and why

the project is happening Getting returned to our residence example, an enterprise requirement would possibly encompass, 'construct an eco-friendly house with high-efficiency sun panels a good way to lessen carbon emissions and decrease the environmental effect.' This is the place to begin the assignment and gives steering for the opposite types of requirements It's vital that those requirements are communicated certainly and early on

Solution requirements, which encompass each useful and non-functional requirement, are the capabilities

and traits of the products or services that meet all requirements, of each enterprise, and stakeholder Functional requirements describe something that a product or service is needed to do Non-functional necessities describe how a gadget is meant to function A functional requirement in your solar panel is to 'convert mild into power,' at the same time as the non-functional requirement is to 'produce this power at

a performance fee of 20%

A stakeholder is each person who has a hobby withinside the products or services truly is being produced or

provided They can be inner stakeholders (employees) or outside stakeholders (customers, regulators, or

suppliers) Every man or woman stakeholder has wishes or requirements that they need to be fulfilled Each

of those wishes ought to be balanced during the path of the project Oftentimes, stakeholders have competing wishes, that may affect the schedule, budget, and scope of the assignment if now no longer controlled efficiently Suppose because the proprietor of the residence, decides that you need to be repurposed composite timber for the outside of your residence However, after your builder has located the order, you find out that your Homeowners Association's most effective permits for stucco and brick exteriors This alternate may have a knock-on impact on phrases of pricing, substances, and layout and could

in the end gradual down the project

In Tune Source Project:

Business Requirements: Using the Web or in-store kiosks, customers could be capable of looking for and buying virtual music downloads

- Search for songs or songs in our virtual song archive

- Listen to songs or music samples

- Purchase person downloads at a set rate in keeping with download

- Establish a client subscription account allowing limitless downloads for a month-to-month rate

- Purchase song download present cards

4 Identify FRs and NFRs of Tune Source Project

Identify FRs and NFRs of Tune Source Project

A functional requirement defines a gadget or its component It describes the capabilities a software program ought to perform A function is not anything however inputs, its conduct, and outputs It may be a calculation, statistics manipulation, enterprise process, consumer interaction, or another precise capability which defines what feature a gadget is likely to perform Functional requirements in software program engineering assist you to seize the meant conduct of the gadget This conduct can be expressed as capabilities, offerings or obligations or which gadget is needed to perform

Functional Requirement (FRs) in Tune Source Project:

- Search Songs

- Login

- Logout

- Register

- Listen to music samples

- Purchase music download gift card

- Download Songs

- Add Music to Playlist

A non-functional requirement defines the quality characteristic of a software program gadget They constitute a fixed of requirements used to choose the precise operation of a gadget Example, how rapid does the internet site load? A nonfunctional requirement is critical to make certain the usability and effectiveness of the complete software program system Failing to satisfy non-functional requirements can bring about structures that fail to meet consumer needs

Non-Functional Requirements (NFRs) of Tune Source Project:

-Successfully executed

-Quickly search, download

-Have a good security policy

-Best quality sound

-High resolution

-Upload a lot of good songs

- Upload a lot of good songs

5 Discuss the relationships between the FRS and NFRS

Functional Requirements Non-Functional Requirements

Help understand the functions of the system Help understand the performance of the system

Explain the characteristics that a system is

expected to

Explain the way in which the product should work (how

Identify what the system must or must not do Identify how the system should do it

Will allow the system to perform, even if the

non-functional requirements are not met

The system will not work with functional

non-requirements alone

Ensures the system will meet user

requirements

Ensures the product meets user expectations

Are essential to system operations May be desirable but are not always essential

Straightforward to define and agree on Harder to define and agree on

Meeting these requirements is obligatory Meeting these requirements is not obligatory but

may be desirable

Define the system or an element of it Outline quality attributes of the system

Usually defined by the user Usually defined by software engineers,

developers, software architects or other technical experts

Can be documented and understood through a

If the interviewer is not having any format or any specific questions, then it’s called an unstructured interview

For an effective interview, you can consider the 5 Why technique When you get an answer to all your Whys then you are done with your interview process Open-ended questions are used to provide detailed information This interviewee cannot say Yes or No only

Closed questions can be answered in Yes or No form and for areas used to get confirmation on answers

Basic Rules:

The overall purpose of performing the interviews should be clear

Identify the interviewees in advance

Interview goals should be communicated to the interviewee Interview questions should be prepared before the interview

The location of the interview should be predefined

The time limit should be described

The interviewer should organize the information and confirm the results with the interviewees as soon as possible after the interview

Benefits:

Interactive discussion with stakeholders

The immediate follow-up to ensure the interviewer’s understanding

Encourage participation and build relationships by establishing rapport with the stakeholder

Drawbacks:

Time is required to plan and conduct interviews

Commitment is required from all the participants

Sometimes training is required to conduct effective interviews

Joint Application Development (JAD)/ Requirement Workshops

This technique is more process-oriented and formal as compared to other techniques These are structured meetings involving end-users, PMs, and SMEs This is used to define, clarify, and complete requirements

This technique can be divided into the following categories:

Formal Workshops: These workshops are highly structured and are usually conducted with the selected

group of stakeholders The focus of this workshop is to define, create, refine, and reach closure on business requirements

Business Process Improvement Workshops: These are less formal as compared to the above one Here,

existing business processes are analyzed, and process improvements are identified

Benefits:

• Documentation is completed within hours and is provided quickly back to participants for review

• You can get on-the-spot confirmation on requirements

• Successfully gathered requirements from a large group in a short period

• Consensus can be achieved as issues and questions are asked in the presence of all the stakeholders

Drawbacks:

• Stakeholders’ availability might ruin the session

• The success rate depends on the expertise of the facilitator

• A workshop motive cannot be achieved if there are too many participants

Questionnaire

A questionnaire is a research tool featuring a series of questions used to collect useful information from respondents These instruments include either written or oral questions and comprise an interview-style format Questionnaires may be qualitative or quantitative and can be conducted online, by phone, on paper

or face-to-face, and questions don’t necessarily have to be administered with a researcher present

Advantages of Questionnaires

Some of the many benefits of using questionnaires as a research tool include:

• Practicality: Questionnaires enable researchers to strategically manage their target audience, questions, and format while gathering large data quantities on any subject

• Cost-efficiency: You don’t need to hire surveyors to deliver your survey questions — instead, you can place them on your website or email them to respondents at little to no cost

• Speed: You can gather survey results quickly and effortlessly using mobile tools, obtaining responses and insights in 24 hours or less

• Comparability: Researchers can use the same questionnaire yearly and compare research results to gain valuable insights and minimize translation errors

• Scalability: Questionnaires are highly scalable, allowing researchers to distribute them to demographics anywhere across the globe

• Standardization: You can standardize your questionnaire with as many questions as you want about any topic

• Respondent comfort: When taking a questionnaire, respondents are completely anonymous and not subject to stressful time constraints, helping them feel relaxed and encouraging them to provide truthful responses

• Easy analysis: Questionnaires often have built-in tools that automate analyses, making it fast and easy to interpret your results

Disadvantages of Questionnaires

Questionnaires also have their disadvantages, such as:

• Answer dishonesty: Respondents may not always be completely truthful with their answers — some may have hidden agendas, while others may answer how they think society would deem most acceptable

• Question skipping: Make sure to require answers for all your survey questions Otherwise, you may run the risk of respondents leaving questions unanswered

• Interpretation difficulties: If a question isn’t straightforward enough, respondents may struggle to interpret it accurately That’s why it’s essential to state questions clearly and concisely, with explanations when necessary

• Survey fatigue: Respondents may experience survey fatigue if they receive too many surveys, or a questionnaire is too long

• Analysis challenges: Though closed questions are easy to analyze, open questions require a human

to review and interpret them Try limiting open-ended questions in your survey to gain more quantifiable data you can evaluate and utilize more quickly

• Unconscientious responses: If respondents don’t read your questions thoroughly or entirely, they may offer inaccurate answers that can impact data validity You can minimize this risk by making questions as short and straightforward as possible

Document analysis

Document analysis helps researchers understand and categorize primary sources or original accounts from people who had personal experience with the topic When developing their studies, researchers use established sources to gather ideas and evidence to support their claims This process allows researchers to evaluate the quality and purpose of the documents they use to determine if the information they contain will benefit their studies In this article, we discuss what document analysis is, how to perform document analysis and the steps researchers take in completing this process

The Advantages of Document Analysis:

• document analysis is an efficient and effective way of gathering data because documents are manageable and practical resources Documents are commonplace and come in a variety of forms, making documents a very accessible and reliable source of data

• Document analysis is often used because of the many ways it can support and strengthen research Document analysis can be used in many different fields of research, as either a primary method of data collection or as a complement to other methods

The Disadvantages of Document Analysis:

• The disadvantages are the bias stemming from the fact that the document was written for some other purposes (primarily for making money) rather than social research

• Thus, the documents tend to be exaggerated and often fabricated to make a good story

• Some documents are generally written on paper, and they do not withstand the elements well unless care is taken to preserve them Many documents are incomplete and un-standardized, and thus researchers encounter difficulties in coding and analysis

Observation

Observation, as the name implies, is a way of collecting data through observing This data collection method

is classified as a participatory study because the researcher must immerse herself in the setting where her

respondents are while taking notes and/or recording The observation data collection method may involve watching, listening, reading, touching, and recording behavior and characteristics of phenomena

Observation as a data collection method can be structured or unstructured In structured or systematic observation, data collection is conducted using specific variables and according to a pre-defined schedule Unstructured observation, on the other hand, is conducted in an open and free manner in the sense that there would be no pre-determined variables or objectives

Advantages of the observation data collection method include direct access to research phenomena, high levels of flexibility in terms of application, and generating a permanent record of phenomena to be referred

to later At the same time, this method is disadvantaged by longer time requirements, high levels of observer bias, and the impact of the observer on primary data, in a way that the presence of an observer may influence the behavior of sample group elements

It is important to note that the observation data collection method may be associated with certain ethical issues As it is discussed further below in greater detail, fully informed consent of research participant(s) is one of the basic ethical considerations to be adhered to by researchers At the same time, the behavior of

sample group members may change with negative implications on the level of research validity if they are notified about the presence of the observer

Apply to Tune Source project

For me, I choose interview techniques

Name Position Purpose of interview Meeting

Mark Goodin Manager, Accounts, Payable Current problem with

accounts payable process, future processes

Mon, March 1 4:00-5:15 P.M

Anne Asher Supervisor, Data Entry Accounts receivable and

payable processes

Wed, March 3 10:00-11:00 A.M Mark Goodin: He build an information about future job for candidates He prepares a few questions for candidates to answer them

Anne Asher: As the interview progresses, Anne demonstrates very little practical experience working with student data and registration We realized Anne would be most suited to a position as an Enrollment Records Associate’s assistant We are not interested in making Anne an often for this question

Some interviews note:

Person interviewer: Mark Goodin ( Manager, Accounts, Payable)

Interviewer: Barbara Wixom

Purpose of interview:

• understand reports produced for human resources by the current system

• Determine information requirements for future systems

Summary of interview:

• Sample reports of all current HR reports are attached to these reports The information that is not used and missing information are noted on the reports

• Two biggest problems with the current system are:

1.The data is too old

2.The data is of poor quality

• The most common data errors found in the current system include incorrect job-level information and missing salary information

Open items:

• Get current employee roster report form Mary Skudrna (extension 4355)

• Verify calculations used to determine vacation time with Mary Skudrna

• Schedule interview with Jim Wack (extension 2337) regarding the reasons for data quality

problems

Detailed Notes: See attached transcript

Person interviewer: Anne Asher (Supervisor, Data Entry)

Interviewer: Barbara Wixom

Purpose of interview:

• understand reports produced for human resources by the current system

• Determine information requirements for future systems

Summary of interview:

• Sample reports of all current HR reports are attached to these reports The information that is not used and missing information are noted on the reports

• Two biggest problems with the current system are:

1.The data is too old

2.The data is of poor quality

• The most common data errors found in the current system include incorrect job-level information and missing salary information

Open items:

• Get current employee roster report form Mary Skudrna (extension 4355)

• Verify calculations used to determine vacation time with Mary Skudrna

• Schedule interview with Jim Wack (extension 2337) regarding the reasons for data quality

problems

Detailed Notes: See attached transcript

P6 USE APPROPRIATE SOFWARE ANALYSIS TOOLS/TECHNIQUES TP CARRY OUT A

SOFTWARE INVESTIGATION AND CREATE SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION

1/ Requirements modeling

Requirements modeling is the process used in software development projects where requirements and solutions constantly evolve through collaborative efforts and teamwork By using this method of cross-functional and self-organizing teams, you can ensure that your team meets the exact needs of the stakeholders

2/ Flowchart

Founders Of Tune Source: John Margolis, Megan Taylor, and Phil Cooper

Project Sponsor: Carly Edwards, Assistant Vice President, Marketing

Project Manager: Tran Thai Hoa

2.1/ Login/ Register