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Assignment Brief 1 (RQF) Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Business

Student Name/ID Number: Đào Vĩnh Khang/ GCS200222

Unit Number and Title: Unit 43 – Internet of Things

Assignment Title: Assignment 1 – Internet of Things

Format: This assignment is an Individual assignment and specifically including 1 document:

You must use font Calibri size 12, set number of the pages and use multiple line spacing at 1.3 Margins must be: left: 1.25 cm; right: 1 cm; top: 1 cm and bottom: 1 cm The reference follows Harvard referencing system The recommended word limit is 2.000-2.500 words

You will not be penalized for exceeding the total word limit The cover page of the report has to be the Assignment front sheet 1

Submission Students are compulsory to submit the assignment in due date and in a way requested by

the Tutors The form of submission will be a soft copy posted on

http://cms.greenwich.edu.vn/

Note: The Assignment must be your own work, and not copied by or from another student or from

books etc If you use ideas, quotes or data (such as diagrams) from books, journals or other sources, you must reference your sources, using the Harvard style Make sure that you know how to reference

properly, and that understand the guidelines on plagiarism If you do not, you definitely get fail

Unit Learning Outcomes:

LO1 Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software applications

LO2 Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware

and APIs

LO3 Develop an IoT application using any combination of hardware, software, data, platforms and services

LO4 Evaluate your IoT application and detail the problem your IoT application solves, the potential impact on

people, business, society and the end user and the problems it might encounter when integrating into the wider IoT ecosystem

Assignment Brief and Guidance:

You currently work as a product developer for a new startup where you design IoT products for the consumer, corporate, government and defence clients As part of your role your manager has tasked you

to plan and develop a new IoT product, service or application for a potential client You are required to identify a target user and conduct tests with this user and include this feedback into multiple iterative versions of your product

Part 1 (Assignment 1): For the first part, you must:

• Plan an IoT application for a specific target end user and the tests you intend to conduct with this user This plan will be in the form of a document and will include supporting evidence and material, such as user personas and customer journey maps

• Create multiple iterations of your application and modify each iteration with enhancements gathered from user feedback and experimentation This will follow the pathway outlined in your plan.(log book,)

Part 2 (Assignment 2): For the first part, you must:

• Show evidence about Developed IoT application using any combination of hardware, software, data, platforms and services (video or images of your IoT system with code snippet)

• Evaluate your IoT application and detail the problem your IoT application solves, the potential impact on people, business, society and the end user and the problems it might encounter when integrating into the wider IoT ecosystem

Learning Outcomes and Assessment Criteria

LO1 Analyse what aspects of IoT are necessary and appropriate when designing software

tools, hardware and APIs

available for use in IoT

development

M1 Evaluate the impact of

common IoT architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs in the software development lifecycle

M2 Evaluate the impact of

common IoT architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and

APIs in IoT security

D1 Evaluate specific forms of

IoT architecture and justify their usage when designing software applications

LO2 Outline a plan for an appropriate IoT application using common architecture, frameworks,

tools, hardware and APIs

P3 Investigate architecture,

frameworks, tools, hardware

and API techniques available

to develop IoT applications

P4 Determine a specific

problem to solve using IoT

M3 Select the most appropriate

IoT architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and API techniques to include in an application to solve this problem

M4 Apply your selected

techniques to create an IoT application development plan

D2 Make multiple iterations plan

of your IoT application and modify each iteration to improve your IoT application security

Table of contents

Assignment Brief 1 (RQF) 2

Higher National Certificate/Diploma in Business 2

Table of Contents 1

Assignment 1 Report 2

Task 1 – Review and evaluate about IoT aspects .2

1 Explore various forms of IoT functionality (P1) 2

2 Review standard architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware, and APIs available for use in IoT development (P2) 7

3 Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware, and API techniques available to develop IoT applications (P3) 8

4 Determine a specific problem to solve using IoT (P4) 20

REFERENCES 22

The term "thing" refers to any natural or artificial object that can be given an Internet Protocol (IP) address and could transfer data over a network, including people with implanted heart monitors, farm animals with biochip transponders, cars with built-in tire pressure monitors, and other examples

Organizations across a range of industries are increasingly utilizing IoT to run more smoothly, better understand their consumers to provide better customer service, boost decision-making, and raise the value

of the company

2/ How does IoT work?

The Internet of Things (IoT) ecosystem is made up of web-enabled smart devices that use embedded systems, such as processors, sensors, and communication gear, to gather, send, and act on the data they get from their surroundings By connecting to an IoT gateway or other edge device, which either sends data

to the cloud for analysis or analyzes it locally, IoT devices exchange the sensor data they collect These gadgets converse with other similar devices on occasion, acting on the data they exchange Although individuals can engage with the devices to set them up, give them instructions, or retrieve the data, the gadgets accomplish much of the job without their help

These web-enabled devices' connectivity, networking, and communication protocols are heavily influenced

by the IoT applications that have been implemented

IoT can also employ machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI) to help make data collection processes simpler and more dynamic

3/ Applications of IoT

Business-ready, SaaS IoT Applications

IoT Intelligent Applications are prebuilt SaaS applications that can analyze and display IoT sensor data to corporate users via dashboards A whole range of IoT Intelligent Applications are available

IoT apps analyze vast volumes of linked sensor data in the cloud using machine learning algorithms You may see important performance indicators, statistics for the mean time between failures, and other data using real-time IoT dashboards and alerts Algorithms built on machine learning can detect abnormalities in equipment, inform users, and even start automated repairs or preventative steps

Business users may immediately improve current operations for supply chains, customer service, human resources, and financial services with cloud based IoT apps There is no need to start from scratch with every business procedure

• Intelligence and Identity

It is crucial to extract knowledge from the generated data For instance, a sensor might produce data, but that information won't be helpful unless it is properly evaluated IoT devices each have a distinct identity The equipment can sometimes be tracked using this identity, and its condition can occasionally

be inquired

• Scalability

The number of elements connected to the IoT zone is increasing day by day An IoT setup should therefore be able to handle the enormous expansion Because of how much data is produced as a result, it needs to be handled carefully

• Dynamic and Self-Adapting (Complexity)

IoT devices should dynamically adjust to the various scenarios and contexts Assume there is a camera for surveillance It should be flexible enough to operate in various lighting and environmental circumstances (morning, afternoon, night)

• Architecture

IoT architecture can't be uniform in design It must be hybrid and able to work with items from various manufacturers in the IoT network No engineering branch owns the Internet of Things When several disciplines join, IoT becomes a reality

• Safety

When a user's gadgets are all online, there is a risk that the user's sensitive personal information will be compromised The user may suffer a loss as a result Data security is the main issue as a result In addition, the necessary equipment is enormous IoT networks could also be under danger Safety of the equipment is therefore essential

Some examples for real world application of IoT

• Shopping Mall – Proximity Marketing

The modern consumer loves the ease of a digital lens but also likes to feel and touch products before making a purchase As a result, when a customer who frequently visits a store is in close proximity to that store, IoT sensors can send the customer's information to the hyper decision framework, which will analyze the customer's behavior and shopping patterns to send the appropriate message to the appropriate person, at the appropriate time and place

• Asset Tracking

High-value inventory, tools, fixtures, dies, jigs and other items for the industry are examples of assets For the healthcare industry, examples of assets include numerous movable test machines like the ECG machine, portable X-ray machines, portable ultrasound machines, stretchers, and wheelchairs These assets must be tracked in order to make it simple to keep track of their location, and lifespan, and help with yearly asset audits

BLE IoT sensors are used to connect assets Anyone who requires information about the asset can check the dashboard, application, or mobile device to see where it is because these sensors communicate with the receivers

• Warehouse Pallet Tracking

For many businesses, reusable pallets in a warehouse are a valuable resource Pallet tracking makes it simple to identify the location of the pallets and helps to prevent time and valuable inventory waste as warehouses grow in size and the variety of inventory expands every year

Pallets may also be equipped with BLE IoT sensors, which can offer useful details on the pallet's position

as well as the inventory and date it is holding

• Temperature and Humidity Monitoring

The application of IoT sensors in supply chain management for "Cold Chain" is greatest These sensors take temperature and humidity readings within the containers and relay the information along with the truck's GPS location The advantage over existing data recorders is that the IoT sensor can communicate with the Hyper Decision Framework and assist in real-time problem correction rather than fingerpointing and playing the blame game saving time, money, and reputation in the process

• Security Patrol Guard Management

When a terrorist attack occurs, security guards' primary problem is that they lack the means to contact their teammates and ask for assistance The security patrol guard must frequently choose between losing his weapon and his life

How does the Internet of Things help in this situation? The BLE ID Card is carried by the security guard over his shoulder He can double-click the distress button on the card in the event of an attack The hyper decision framework engages to send the message to the closest available support when this SoS signal is sent in real-time to the IoT cloud server

P2 Review standard architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware and APIs available for use

in IoT development

1/ IOT architecture

IoT architecture, in its simplest form, is a collection of components including sensors, protocols, actuators, cloud services, and layers IoT architecture has four stages due of its complexity This quantity is designed to gradually integrate these many types of components into an advanced and cohesive network

Advantages:

• Make edge devices simpler and less expensive

• A gateway can serve as a hub for connecting wireless and various data standards

• Protocols that present a consistent exterior to the outer world

• Rather than having to interact with each component individually, things are simple to monitor and regulate as a whole

• Gateway can manage what information is transferred to the Internet and offer greater security than items

• Easy to integrate legacy equipment with the IoT

Disadvantages

• An additional "Tier" increases integration complexity

• Resources are still locally stored as opposed to accessing the cloud

• An additional point of failure

2/ IOT NETWORK SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE

As you can see from the image above, the IoT architecture has 4 layers: the sensor layer, the network layer, the data processing layer, and the application layer

Data Processing Layer

This is the processing unit of the IoT ecosystem Here, data is analyzed and processed before being sent

to the data center, where the data is accessed by software applications commonly known as business applications This is where data is tracked and managed Other actions are also prepared in this class

Application Layer

This is the final layer of the 4 phases of the IoT architecture Data center or cloud (Cloud) is the management stage where data is managed and used by end user applications such as agriculture, healthcare, aerospace, agriculture, international rooms and other applications

P3 Investigate architecture, frameworks, tools, hardware, and API techniques available to develop IoT applications

1/ IOT architecture

IoT architecture is made up of the hardware, networks, and cloud technologies that enable interoperability between IoT devices A fundamental IoT architecture has three layers:

• Perception (the sensors, gadgets, and other devices)

• Network (the connectivity between devices)

• Application (the layer the user interacts with)

These layers provide IoT device support by gathering and processing data This architecture goes beyond the OSI model by incorporating the conversion of data into information that may be used Using

automation, machine learning, and artificial intelligence, these insights enable organizations to take quick action

Not only that but either three or five levels can be used to describe IoT architecture Although the layer model is widely acknowledged to be straightforward to comprehend, it omits certain crucial

three-information about how the data is used The functions of each layer, as well as their significance, are

broken down below

Perception

The physical IoT devices themselves are represented by the perception layer This can include things like security systems, robotics, autonomous cars, lighting systems, and health monitoring Every IoT device gathers data that needs to be processed

IoT sensors can gather hundreds of different data points for processing and are reasonably priced The information gathered will differ based on the organization's objectives For instance, to increase crop yield and revenue, agricultural IoT devices can record atmospheric data, moisture levels, solid temperature, and airflow

Transport

The transport layer oversees transmitting gathered data to an edge device or the cloud for processing Data

is transferred from the physical perception layer into the processing stage by the transport layer using internet gateways

The transport layer is frequently used by administrators to transmit data between cellular and Wi-Fi

networks System administrators can make use of the following technologies at this stage: + Cellular 4G LTE / 5G

+ Wi-Fi

+ Bluetooth

+ Low-Power Wide-Area Networks

Administrators can mix and match different transport protocols to create their own IoT architecture The transport protocol you choose ultimately needs to be able to support data reliably from the sensor to the nearest internet gateway In our post on IoT connectivity, we go into greater detail about this idea

Processing

Data can be converted into information by the server once it has reached the cloud or edge device

Modern IoT systems make use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, which provide value by

evaluating this data

For example, artificial intelligence may detect anomalies, such as a high-temperature variation being

recorded by an IoT sensor, by comparing the current temperature to its baseline In this situation, the server could be able to instruct an HVAC system to reduce the temperature and fix the problem

Application

Although processing is normally done without human involvement when specific criteria are met or

thresholds are crossed, people still need to instruct the server on what to do Administrators control IoT device orchestration, develop rule sets, and establish service-level agreements for their IoT architecture at the application layer

You've utilized the application layer if you've ever used an app to switch on the lights in your house

Reliable IoT designs monitor and operate their networks from a centralized dashboard by using the

application layer Especially in enterprise IoT networks, this centralization minimizes complexity, enhancing productivity and security

Business

Finally, we arrive at the business layer, where information is converted into business intelligence that guides decision-making, is the last layer we reach The insights gathered at the application layer can be used by executives and stakeholders to improve business choices

For business intelligence, the business layer often uses reports and real-time dashboards Through

additional integrations, data gathered from the application layer can be further enhanced For instance, by comparing electricity consumption before and after the installation of smart lighting sensors, business intelligence analysts can determine cost savings

2/ IOT frameworks

IoT is a crucial component of a sizable IoT ecosystem, which supports and connects all components of the system It enables device administration, manages software and hardware connection protocols, gathers and analyzes information, enhances information flow, and enhances the operation of intelligent apps

Typically, there needs to be a specific location where everything is gathered and integrated when vast amounts of data are being generated and communicated across several devices

In a network, this particular point is crucial since it aggregates all the data and enables comprehension of the newly generated data

Definition

The Internet of Things (IoT) Framework can be thought of as an ecosystem made up of numerous linked devices that interact with one another online These Internet-connected devices often function to send and sense data while requiring very little human involvement

The Internet of Things (IoT) framework enables seamless communication between linked devices

Therefore, it should come as no surprise that it is known as the "Internet of Things" framework, or, to put it another way, the framework that makes it possible for objects to communicate with one another over the Internet

Communication and Cloud Platform

One of the most important components of the IoT architecture is the cloud platform It requires a

fundamental understanding of all forms of communication, both wired and wireless Additionally, the user must be well-versed in both the operation of cloud technology and IoT integration

In conclusion, we can say that the IoT Framework's communication and cloud platform is where all

conversations take place